WO2006034521A1 - Tank for cryogenic fluids with magnetic suspension - Google Patents

Tank for cryogenic fluids with magnetic suspension Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006034521A1
WO2006034521A1 PCT/AT2005/000391 AT2005000391W WO2006034521A1 WO 2006034521 A1 WO2006034521 A1 WO 2006034521A1 AT 2005000391 W AT2005000391 W AT 2005000391W WO 2006034521 A1 WO2006034521 A1 WO 2006034521A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inner container
container
tank
tunnel
superconducting material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2005/000391
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Brunnhofer
Original Assignee
Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co. Kg filed Critical Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2006034521A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006034521A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/013—Reinforcing means in the vessel, e.g. columns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/014—Suspension means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/014—Suspension means
    • F17C2203/017—Magnetic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2154—Winding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the installation in motor vehicles of certain tanks for cryogenic liquids, comprising an outer container and an inner container suspended therein, wherein magnets are used for positioning the inner container with respect to the outer container.
  • the invention has for its object to form a magnetic suspension of a (non-rotating) tanks for motor vehicles so that the mecanical container supported with its entire weight, and its contents only by magnetic repulsion in the outer container and is held in position.
  • At least one element made of a superconducting material ia thermally conductive connection with the tiefkaltem content and permanent magnets are attached to the inside of the outer container or to a part connected to it.
  • the at least one element or the elements made of a superconducting material need only be attached in such a way that it can be moved from the deep-cold gas to the one for reaching the superconducting material. border state required low temperature is brought.
  • the permanent magnets on the other hand naturally do not need a current feed, so that the suspension according to the invention is completely self-sufficient.
  • the at least one element made of a superconducting material on the wall of the mecanical ⁇ ters and the permanent magnets on the inside of the outer container each follow a self-contained band, so that the mecanicalxälter is supported all around (claim 2).
  • the at least one element made of a superconducting material can be attached to the outside or to the inside of the inner container, with appropriate determination of the heat conduction conditions.
  • the inner container at least one tubular tunnel which is penetrated by a mounted inside the outer container support tube at a distance, and the at least one element made of a superconducting material to the tubular tunnel a ringtownd attached and the permanent magnets on the outer circumference of the support tube, forming a ring opposite him, angeord ⁇ net (claim 3). Because the diameter of the tunnel is smaller than that of the inner container and the tunnel penetrates the inner container more or less in the middle, the effects of different thermal expansions can be better controlled.
  • supports are attached to the support tube, which have a distance from the inner wall of the tunnel (claim 5). These are effective in the event of failure of the magnetic support (in the warm phase) or in the case of strong impacts.
  • the inner container from a wound carbon fiber composite into which the at least one element made of a superconducting material is wrapped during manufacture.
  • the low specific weight and the excellent low temperature properties of this material are fully appreciated.
  • the heat conduction to the superconducting elements can be optimally optimized in this way.
  • FIG. 2 a cross section according to H-II in FIG. 1, FIG.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section according to IV-IV in FIG. 3.
  • the tank shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 consists of an outer liner 1 and an inner container 2, which is connected by connecting pipes 3 with respect to relationship as upstream units in combination.
  • the liquid level 20 inside is indicated.
  • the connection pipes 3 are through a neck 4 of the
  • Outward container 1 passed. Between the two containers 1.2 a highly effective insulation is provided.
  • the walls of the two containers 1, 2 are substantially equidistant and of any shape, such as that of a suitcase, as shown in FIG. Thanks to the suspension according to the invention but also forms with concave surfaces are possible.
  • the inner container 2 is surrounded by an element 6 made of a superconductive material in the form of a band 7 or by a plurality of elements 6 made of a superconducting material, which are arranged in a band 7 forming a band.
  • the elements made of a superconducting material can be either externally attached to the inner container 2 or in its interior, or - if the réelle ⁇ container 2 consists of a wound carbon fiber composite - be wrapped.
  • permanent magnets 8 On the inside of the outer container 1, permanent magnets 8 in a corresponding position, succession and polarity are arranged again in such a way that they form a band 9.
  • the other superconducting elements 6 ⁇ 16, 16 ⁇ and the permanent magnets 8 ⁇ 8,18 ⁇ elsewhere.
  • the tank shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 again consists of an outer container 30 and an inner container 32, the former is formed by an example cylindri ⁇ 's wall 33 and a cambered end wall 34, the second of a cylindrical wall 35 and a cambered end wall 36th In Fig. 3, the tank is cut through in the middle, therefore, the existing Stirn stiin ⁇ de 34.36 cut away at the other end.
  • the walls 33,35 are cylindrical in the illustrated embodiment, but could also be of any other shape and even with concave surface parts.
  • the space between The outer container 31 and the inner container 32 are again provided with highly effective cryogenic insulation, which consists for example of alternating vacuum zones and reflective films.
  • the cross section of the tunnel 38 is preferably circular.
  • a support tube 39 connects, which also extends to the end wall 34, not shown, on the other side.
  • the tunnel 38 may have annular bulges 51 at certain locations.
  • An annular element 46 made of a superconducting material is fastened to the inside of the tunnel 38, here in each case in an annular extension 51.
  • the element 46 can be arranged either on the inside of the tunnel 38 or on its outside (inside the inner container 32) , or wrapped in a wall made of a wound carbon fiber composite.
  • On the same length with the elements 46 ring ⁇ shaped arrangements of permanent magnets 48 are provided in a corresponding number and polarity on the support tube 49.
  • the element 46 and the permanent magnets 48 form concentric circular rings with an annular space 49.
  • This intermediate space 49 is annular when the inner container 32 is suspended by the repulsive force prevailing between the elements 46 and the permanent magnets 48.
  • the inner container can also be positioned in the direction of its longitudinal axis.
  • a further element made of a superconducting material is mounted on the end wall 36 of the inner container. It has the shape of a circular disc. It faces on the inside of the end wall 34 or the support plate 40, a number of permanent magnets 51 in a suitable An ⁇ number and polarity arranged so that they form a flat circular ring.
  • a support 53 is fastened on the upper side of the support tube 39 and holds a distance 54 from the tunnel 38 when the inner container 32 is suspended.
  • the inner container sinks slightly and the tunnel 38 rests on the block-shaped support 53 (see FIG. 4).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a tank for cryogenic fluids, for inclusion in motor vehicles, comprising an outer container (1) and an inner container (2), suspended therein, whereby, for positioning the inner container relative to the outer container, magnets are used. According to the invention, an adequate force for support of the inner container may be generated with the least possible complexity, whereby at least one element (6,6',16,16'), made from a superconducting material, is mounted on the wall of the inner container (2), in thermally-conducting contact with the cryogenic contents thereof and permanent magnets (8,8', 18,18') are mounted on the inner side of the outer container (1), or on a piece connected thereto.

Description

TANK FÜR KRYOGENE FLÜSSIGKEITEN MIT MAGNETISCHER AUFHÄNGUNG TANK FOR CRYOGENIC LIQUIDS WITH MAGNETIC SUSPENSION
Die Erfindung betrifft den Einbau in Kraftfahrzeuge bestimmter Tanks für kryo- gene Flüssigkeiten, bestehend aus einem Aussenbehälter und einem darin aufge¬ hängten Innenbehälter, wobei zur Positionierung des Innenbehälters bezüglich des Aussenbehälters Magnete herangezogen sind.The invention relates to the installation in motor vehicles of certain tanks for cryogenic liquids, comprising an outer container and an inner container suspended therein, wherein magnets are used for positioning the inner container with respect to the outer container.
Aus der GB 2025029 A ist es bekannt, zur Zentrierung des Innenbehälters im Aussenbehälter eines stehenden zylindrischen Tanks für tiefkalte Flüssiggase einander gegenüberliegende kreisförmige Anordnungen von Permanentmagne- ten einzusetzen. Dabei zentrieren deren abstoßende Kräfte den mit seinem obe¬ ren Rand im Aussentank aufgehängten Innentank in horizontaler Richtung. Um sein Gewicht zu unterstützen, reichen sie freilich nicht aus.From GB 2025029 A it is known to use for the centering of the inner container in the outer container of a vertical cylindrical tank for cryogenic liquefied gases opposing circular arrangements of permanent magnets. In this case, their repulsive forces center the inner tank, which is suspended in the outer tank with its upper edge, in the horizontal direction. To support his weight, they are certainly not enough.
Andererseits ist es, beispielsweise aus der DE 44 36 831, bekannt, die Welle von Generatoren in magnetischen Lagern abzustützen, deren Lagerstuhl einen Zylin¬ der aus einem supraleitfähigen Material enthält und dessen Welle eine Reihe permanentmagnetischer Ringe enthält. Dabei wird von dem sogenannten „Pinch-Effekt", auch „Meissner - Effekt" genannt, und von der Rotation der Welle Gebrauch gemacht und eine erhebliche abstoßende Wirkung erzielt, die einen ganzen Rotor tragt und zentriert. Nachteilig ist daran, dass solche Maschi¬ nen umfangreiche kryogene Nebenaggregate und thermische Isolation für sich selbst und für tiefkalte Zufuhrleitungen brauchen.On the other hand, it is known, for example from DE 44 36 831, to support the shaft of generators in magnetic bearings whose bearing block contains a cylinder made of a superconductive material and whose shaft contains a series of permanent magnetic rings. It is called by the so-called "pinch effect", also called "Meissner effect", and by the rotation of Wave and achieved a significant repulsive effect that carries a whole rotor and centered. The disadvantage is that such Maschi¬ NEN extensive cryogenic ancillary equipment and thermal insulation for itself and for cryogenic supply lines need.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine magnetische Aufhängung eines (nicht rotierenden) Tanks für Kraftfahrzeuge so auszubilden, dass der Innenbe¬ hälter mit seinem ganzen Gewicht, und dem seines Inhaltes nur durch magneti¬ sche Abstoßung im Aussenbehälter unterstützt und in Position gehalten wird.The invention has for its object to form a magnetic suspension of a (non-rotating) tanks for motor vehicles so that the Innenbe¬ container supported with its entire weight, and its contents only by magnetic repulsion in the outer container and is held in position.
Dabei ist einigen Besonderheiten der Applikation in einem Kraftfahrzeug Rech¬ nung zu tragen: Wärmeeinleitung zu dem flüssigen Medium bewirkt dessen Verdampfen. Das ist im Betrieb nicht schlimm, weil das gasförmige Gas für die Antriebsquelle entnommen wird. Wenn, ein Fahrzeug aber länger stillsteht, muss die Wärmeeinleitung minimal sein, weil sonst entweder der Druck ansteigt, oder Gas abgeblasen werden muss. Beides bedeutet ein für den Alltagsgebrauch nicht akzeptables Sicherheitsrisiko. Das heisst, es dürfen nebst der sowieso nötigen Superisolation zwischen den beiden Behältern überhaupt keine Wärmebrücken vorhanden sein. Weiters ist ein Tank in einem fahrenden Kraftfahrzeug Stößen ausgesetzt, denen er gewachsen sein muß.In this case, some particularities of the application in a motor vehicle must be taken into account: Heat introduction to the liquid medium causes it to evaporate. This is not bad in operation, because the gaseous gas is taken for the drive source. If, however, a vehicle is stationary for a longer period, the heat input must be minimal, otherwise either the pressure increases or gas must be blown off. Both means an unacceptable security risk for everyday use. This means that there should be no thermal bridges at all, in addition to the necessary superinsulation between the two containers. Furthermore, a tank is exposed in a moving vehicle shocks, which he must be equal.
Erfindungsgemäß ist an der Wand des Innenbehälters mindestens ein Element aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff ia wärmeleitender Verbindung mit dessen tiefkaltem Inhalt und an der Innenseite des Aussenbehälters oder an einem mit ihm verbundenen Teiles sind Permanentmagnete angebracht. Dabei wird davon profitiert, dass ein tiefkaltes Medium bereits vorhanden ist, also nicht mehr er¬ zeugt und zugeführt werden muss. Das mindestens eine Element beziehungswei¬ se die Elemente aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff braucht nur so angebracht zu sein, dass es von dem tief kalten Gas auf die für das Erreichen des supralei- tenden Zustandes erforderliche tiefe Temperatur gebracht wird. Die Permanent¬ magnete andererseits brauchen naturgemäß keine Stronuzufuhr, sodass die erfin¬ dungsgemäße Aufhängung vollkommen autark ist. Schließlich sind dank der mit der Supraleitung verbundenen Effekte, so große Abstoßiαngskräfte (auch Levita- tionskräfte genannt) zu erzielen, dass der Innenbehälter tatsächlich getragen und zentriert ist.According to the invention is on the wall of the inner container at least one element made of a superconducting material ia thermally conductive connection with the tiefkaltem content and permanent magnets are attached to the inside of the outer container or to a part connected to it. It benefits from the fact that a cryogenic medium already exists, that is, it no longer needs to be generated and supplied. The at least one element or the elements made of a superconducting material need only be attached in such a way that it can be moved from the deep-cold gas to the one for reaching the superconducting material. border state required low temperature is brought. On the other hand, the permanent magnets on the other hand naturally do not need a current feed, so that the suspension according to the invention is completely self-sufficient. Finally, thanks to the effects associated with superconductivity, it is possible to achieve such great repulsion forces (also called levitation forces) that the inner container is actually carried and centered.
In einer einfachen und vorteilhaften Ausfuhrungsform folgen das mindestens eine Element aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff an der Wand des Innenbehäl¬ ters und die Permanentmagnete an der Innenseite des Aussenbehälters jeweils einem in sich geschlossenen Band, sodass der Innenbelxälter rundum abgestützt ist (Anspruch 2). Das erlaubt beliebige Formen der Behälter, weil mehrere Bän¬ der auch in verschiedenen Ebenen und Richtungen gelegt werden können. Das mindestens eine Element aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff kann dabei an der Aussenseite oder an der Innenseite des Innenbehälters angebracht sein, bei ent- sprechender Festlegung der Wärmeleitungsverhältnisse .In a simple and advantageous embodiment, the at least one element made of a superconducting material on the wall of the Innenbehäl¬ ters and the permanent magnets on the inside of the outer container each follow a self-contained band, so that the Innenbelxälter is supported all around (claim 2). This allows any shape of the container, because several Bän¬ can be placed in different levels and directions. The at least one element made of a superconducting material can be attached to the outside or to the inside of the inner container, with appropriate determination of the heat conduction conditions.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausfuhrungsform weist der Innenbehälter min¬ destens einen rohrförmigen Tunnel auf, der von einem im Inneren des Aussen- behälters angebrachten Tragrohr mit Abstand durchsetzt ist, und ist das mindes- tens eine Element aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff an dem rohrförmigen Tunnel einen Ring bildend angebracht und die Permanentmagnete am Aussen- umfang des Tragrohres, einen ihm gegenüberliegenden Ring bildend, angeord¬ net (Anspruch 3). Weil der Durchmesser des Tunnels kleiner ist als der des In¬ nenbehälters und der Tunnel den Innenbehälter mehr oder minder in der Mitte durchsetzt, sind die Auswirkungen verschiedener Wärmedehnungen besser be¬ herrschbar. In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist zusätzlich an der Wand des Innenbehäl¬ ters, die beiden Enden des Tunnels umgebend in einer Normalebene zur Achse des Tunnels, ein Element aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff angebracht und sind an der Innenseite des Aussenbehälters, ihm zugewandt, Permanentmagnete angebracht (Anspruch 4). Dadurch wird eine Zentrierung und Positionierung des Tunnels in Längsrichtung erreicht, in der Art der Spurlager einer Welle.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the inner container at least one tubular tunnel which is penetrated by a mounted inside the outer container support tube at a distance, and the at least one element made of a superconducting material to the tubular tunnel a ring bildend attached and the permanent magnets on the outer circumference of the support tube, forming a ring opposite him, angeord¬ net (claim 3). Because the diameter of the tunnel is smaller than that of the inner container and the tunnel penetrates the inner container more or less in the middle, the effects of different thermal expansions can be better controlled. In an advantageous development, in addition to the wall of Innenbehäl¬ age, the two ends of the tunnel surrounding a plane normal to the axis of the tunnel, an element made of a superconducting material and are on the inside of the outer container, facing him, permanent magnets attached (claim 4). As a result, a centering and positioning of the tunnel is achieved in the longitudinal direction, in the nature of the thrust bearing of a shaft.
Mit Vorteil sind am Tragrohr Stützen angebracht, die von der Innenwand des Tunnels einen Abstand haben (Anspruch 5). Diese kommen bei Ausfall der magnetischen Abstützung (in der Warmphase) oder bei starken Stößen zur Wir- kung.Advantageously, supports are attached to the support tube, which have a distance from the inner wall of the tunnel (claim 5). These are effective in the event of failure of the magnetic support (in the warm phase) or in the case of strong impacts.
Schließlich liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, den Innenbehälter aus einem ge¬ wickelten Kohlefaserkomposit herzustellen, in das das mindestens eine Element aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff bei der Herstellung eingewickelt ist. Dabei kommt das geringe spezifische Gewicht und die vorzüglichen Tieftemperaturei¬ genschaften dieses Werkstoffes voll zur Geltung. Ausserdem kann die Wärme¬ leitung zu den supraleitenden Elementen so konstruktiv optimiert werden.Finally, it is within the scope of the invention to produce the inner container from a wound carbon fiber composite into which the at least one element made of a superconducting material is wrapped during manufacture. Here, the low specific weight and the excellent low temperature properties of this material are fully appreciated. In addition, the heat conduction to the superconducting elements can be optimally optimized in this way.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Abbildungen beschrieben und er- läutert. Es stellen dar:In the following the invention will be described and explained with reference to figures. They show:
- Fig. 1 : Einen Schnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform,1 shows a section through a first embodiment,
- Fig. 2: Einen Querschnitt nach H-II in Fig. 1 ,FIG. 2: a cross section according to H-II in FIG. 1, FIG.
- Fig. 3 : Einen Längsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausfuhrungsform,3 shows a longitudinal section through a second embodiment,
- Fig. 4: Einen Schnitt nach IV-IV in Fig. 3.FIG. 4 shows a section according to IV-IV in FIG. 3.
Der in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 gezeigte Tank besteht aus einem Aussenbekälter 1 und einem Innenbehälter 2, welcher durch Anschlussrohre 3 mit nach beziehungs¬ weise vorgeordneten Aggregaten in Verbindung steht. Der Flüssigkeitsspiegel 20 im Inneren ist angedeutet. Die Anschlussrohre 3 sind durch einen Hals 4 desThe tank shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 consists of an outer liner 1 and an inner container 2, which is connected by connecting pipes 3 with respect to relationship as upstream units in combination. The liquid level 20 inside is indicated. The connection pipes 3 are through a neck 4 of the
Aussenbehälters 1 hindurch geführt. Zwischen den beiden Behältern 1,2 ist eine hochwirksame Isolierung vorgesehen. Die Wände der beiden Behälter 1,2 sind im Wesentlichen äquidistant und von beliebiger Form, etwa der eines Koffers wie in Fig. 2 zu sehen. Dank der erfindungsgemäßen Aufhängung sind aber auch Formen mit konkaven Flächen möglich.Outward container 1 passed. Between the two containers 1.2 a highly effective insulation is provided. The walls of the two containers 1, 2 are substantially equidistant and of any shape, such as that of a suitcase, as shown in FIG. Thanks to the suspension according to the invention but also forms with concave surfaces are possible.
Der Innenbehälter 2 ist von einem Element 6 aus einem supraleitenden Werk¬ stoff in Form eines Bandes 7 umgeben oder von mehreren Elementen 6 aus ei¬ nem supraleitenden Werkstoff, die ein Band 7 bildend aneinander gereiht sind. Die Elemente aus einem supraleitenden Werkstoff können entweder außen an dem Innenbehälter 2 oder in seinem Inneren angebracht, oder - wenn der Innen¬ behälter 2 aus einem gewickelten Kohlefaserkomposit besteht - eingewickelt sein. An der Innenseite des Außenbehälters 1 sind Permanentmagneten 8 in ent¬ sprechender Lage, Aufeinanderfolge und Polung wieder so angeordnet, dass sie ein Band 9 bilden. Ebenso verhält es sich mit den weiteren supraleitenden Ele¬ menten 6\ 16, 16λ und den Permanentmagneten 8\\8,18^an anderer Stelle. Mit¬ tels dieser Paarungen und den zwischen diesen jeweils wirkenden Abstoßungs¬ kräften wird der Innenbehälter 2 im Außenbehälter 1 ungefähr äquidistant in Schwebe gehalten.The inner container 2 is surrounded by an element 6 made of a superconductive material in the form of a band 7 or by a plurality of elements 6 made of a superconducting material, which are arranged in a band 7 forming a band. The elements made of a superconducting material can be either externally attached to the inner container 2 or in its interior, or - if the Innen¬ container 2 consists of a wound carbon fiber composite - be wrapped. On the inside of the outer container 1, permanent magnets 8 in a corresponding position, succession and polarity are arranged again in such a way that they form a band 9. The same applies to the other superconducting elements 6 \ 16, 16 λ and the permanent magnets 8 \\ 8,18 ^ elsewhere. By means of these pairings and the repulsive forces acting therebetween, the inner container 2 in the outer container 1 is levitated approximately equidistantly in suspension.
Der in Fig. 3 und Fig. 4 gezeigte Tank besteht wieder aus einem Außenbehälter 30 und einem Innenbehälter 32, ersterer wird von einer beispielsweise zylindri¬ schen Wand 33 und einer bombierten Stirnwand 34 gebildet, zweiterer von einer zylindrischen Wand 35 und einer bombierten Stirnwand 36. In Fig. 3 ist der Tank in der Mitte durchgeschnitten, daher sind die auch vorhandenen Stirnwän¬ de 34,36 am anderen Ende weggeschnitten. Die Wände 33,35 sind im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel zylindrisch, könnten aber auch von beliebiger anderer Form und sogar mit konkaven Flächenteilen sein. Der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Aussenbehälter 31 und dem Innenbehälter 32 ist wieder mit einer hoch- wirksamen Tieftemperaturisolierung versehen, die beispielsweise aus abwech¬ selnden Vakuumzonen und Reflexfolien besteht.The tank shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 again consists of an outer container 30 and an inner container 32, the former is formed by an example cylindri¬'s wall 33 and a cambered end wall 34, the second of a cylindrical wall 35 and a cambered end wall 36th In Fig. 3, the tank is cut through in the middle, therefore, the existing Stirnwän¬ de 34.36 cut away at the other end. The walls 33,35 are cylindrical in the illustrated embodiment, but could also be of any other shape and even with concave surface parts. The space between The outer container 31 and the inner container 32 are again provided with highly effective cryogenic insulation, which consists for example of alternating vacuum zones and reflective films.
An der Stirnwand 36 des Innenbehälters 32 schließt ein rohrförmiger Tunnel an und durchquert den Innenbehälter 32 bis zu der nicht dargestellten anderen Stirnwand 36. Der Querschnitt des Tunnels 38 ist vorzugsweise kreisförmig. An der Stirnwand 34 des Aussenbehälters 31 beziehungsweise an einer mit dieser verbundenen Tragplatte 40 schließt ein Tragrohr 39 an, das sich ebenfalls bis zu der nicht dargestellten Stirnwand 34 auf der anderen Seite erstreckt. Der Tunnel 38 kann an bestimmten Stellen ringförmige Ausbauchungen 51 haben.At the end wall 36 of the inner container 32 includes a tubular tunnel and passes through the inner container 32 to the other end wall 36, not shown. The cross section of the tunnel 38 is preferably circular. On the end wall 34 of the outer container 31 and on a support plate 40 connected thereto, a support tube 39 connects, which also extends to the end wall 34, not shown, on the other side. The tunnel 38 may have annular bulges 51 at certain locations.
An der Innenseite des Tunnels 38 ist ein ringförmiges Element 46 aus einem supraleitenden Werkstoff befestigt, hier jeweils in einer ringförmigen Ausbau¬ chung 51. Das Element 46 kann entweder an der Innenseite des Tunnels 38 oder an seiner Aussenseite (im Inneren des Innenbehälters 32) angeordnet, oder in eine aus einem gewickelten Kohlefaserkomposit bestehende Wand eingewickelt sein. Auf gleicher Länge mit den Elementen 46 sind auf dem Tragrohr 49 ring¬ förmige Anordnungen von Permanentmagneten 48 in entsprechender Anzahl und Polung vorgesehen. Somit bilden das Element 46 und die Permanentmagne- ten 48 konzentrische Kreisringe mit einem kreisringförmigen Zwischenraum 49. Dieser Zwischenraum 49 ist dann kreisringförmig, wenn durch die zwischen den Elementen 46 und den Permanentmagneten 48 herrschende abstoßende Kraft den Innenbehälter 32 in Schwebe hält.An annular element 46 made of a superconducting material is fastened to the inside of the tunnel 38, here in each case in an annular extension 51. The element 46 can be arranged either on the inside of the tunnel 38 or on its outside (inside the inner container 32) , or wrapped in a wall made of a wound carbon fiber composite. On the same length with the elements 46 ring¬ shaped arrangements of permanent magnets 48 are provided in a corresponding number and polarity on the support tube 49. Thus, the element 46 and the permanent magnets 48 form concentric circular rings with an annular space 49. This intermediate space 49 is annular when the inner container 32 is suspended by the repulsive force prevailing between the elements 46 and the permanent magnets 48.
In analoger Weise kann der Innenbehälter auch in Richtung seiner Längsachse positioniert sein. Dazu ist auf der Stirnwand 36 des Innenbehälters ein weiteres Element aus einem supraleitenden Werkstoff befestigt. Es hat die Form einer kreisringförmigen Scheibe. Ihm zugekehrt ist an der Innenseite der Stirnwand 34 oder der Tragplatte 40 eine Reihe von Permanentmagneten 51 in geeigneter An¬ zahl und Polung so angeordnet, dass sie einen ebenen Kreisring bilden.In an analogous manner, the inner container can also be positioned in the direction of its longitudinal axis. For this purpose, a further element made of a superconducting material is mounted on the end wall 36 of the inner container. It has the shape of a circular disc. It faces on the inside of the end wall 34 or the support plate 40, a number of permanent magnets 51 in a suitable An¬ number and polarity arranged so that they form a flat circular ring.
Für die Warmphase und zum Auffangen besonders starker Stöße ist auf der Oberseite des Tragrohres 39 eine Stütze 53 befestigt, die bei schwebendem In- nenbehälter 32 vom Tunnel 38 einen Abstand 54 hält. In der Warmphase jedoch, wenn die Levitation durch die magnetische Aufhängung wegfällt, sackt der In¬ nenbehälter etwas ab und der Tunnel 38 stützt sich auf der blockförmigen Stütze 53 ab (siehe Fig. 4). For the warm phase and for absorbing particularly strong impacts, a support 53 is fastened on the upper side of the support tube 39 and holds a distance 54 from the tunnel 38 when the inner container 32 is suspended. In the warm phase, however, when the levitation by the magnetic suspension is eliminated, the inner container sinks slightly and the tunnel 38 rests on the block-shaped support 53 (see FIG. 4).

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Für den Einbau in Kraftfahrzeuge bestimmter Tank für kryogene Flüssig¬ keiten bestehend aus einem Aussenbehälter und einem darin aufgehängten In¬ nenbehälter, wobei zur Positionierung des Innenbehälters bezüglich des Aussen- behälters Magnete herangezogen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Wand des Innenbehälters (2;32) mindestens ein Element (6,6', 16,16'; 46,50) aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff in wärmeleitender Verbindung mit dessen tief¬ kaltem Inhalt und dass an der Innenseite des Aussenbehälters (1;31) oder an einem mit ihm verbundenen Teil (39) Permanentmagnete (8,8', 18, 18'; 48,51) angebracht sind.1. Tank intended for installation in motor vehicles for cryogenic liquids, consisting of an outer container and an inner container suspended therein, wherein magnets are used for positioning the inner container with respect to the outer container, characterized in that on the wall of the inner container ( At least one element (6, 6 ', 16, 16', 46, 50) of a superconducting material in heat-conducting connection with its deep-cold content and that on the inside of the outer container (1, 31) or on a associated with it part (39) permanent magnets (8,8 ', 18, 18', 48,51) are mounted.
2. Tank für kryogene Flüssigkeiten nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass das mindestens eine Element (6,6', 16, 16') aus einem supraleitenden Werkstoff an der Wand des Innenbehälters (2) und die Permanentmagnete (8,8', 18,18') an der Innenseite des Aussenbehälters (1) jeweils einem in sich ge¬ schlossenen Band (7,7', 17, 17') folgen, sodass der Innenbehälter (2) rundum ab¬ gestützt ist. 2. Tank for cryogenic liquids according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeich¬ net, that the at least one element (6,6 ', 16, 16') made of a superconducting material on the wall of the inner container (2) and the permanent magnets (8,8 ', 18,18') on the inside of the outer container (1) in each case a self-contained ge band (7,7 ', 17, 17') follow, so that the inner container (2) is ab¬ supported all around.
3. Tank für kryogene Flüssigkeiten nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass der Innenbehälter (32) mindestens einen rohrförmigen Tunnel (38) aufweist, der von einem im Inneren des Aussenbehälters (31) angebrachten Tragrohr (39) mit Abstand durchsetzt ist, und dass das mindestens eine Element (46,50) aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff an dem rohrförmigen Tunnel (38) einen Ring bildend angebracht ist und die Permanentmagnete (48,51) am Aus- senumfang des Tragrohres (39) einen ihm gegenüberliegenden Ring bildend angeordnet sind.3. cryogenic liquid tank according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeich¬ net, that the inner container (32) has at least one tubular tunnel (38) which is penetrated by a in the interior of the outer container (31) mounted support tube (39) at a distance and that the at least one element (46, 50) made of a superconducting material is attached to the tubular tunnel (38) in a ring-forming manner, and the permanent magnets (48, 51) form an annular ring opposite the outer circumference of the support tube (39) are.
4. Tank für kryogene Flüssigkeiten nach Anspruch 3 , dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass zusätzlich an der Wand (36) des Innenbehälters (32), die beiden Enden des Tunnels (38) umgebend in einer Normalebene zur Achse des Tunnels, ein Element (50) aus einem supraleitendem Werkstoff angebracht ist und dass an der Innenseite des Aussenbehälters (31), ihm zugewandt, Permanentmagnete (51) angebracht sind.4. cryogenic liquid tank according to claim 3, characterized gekennzeich¬ net, that in addition to the wall (36) of the inner container (32), the two ends of the tunnel (38) surrounding in a plane normal to the axis of the tunnel, an element (50 ) is mounted from a superconducting material and that on the inside of the outer container (31), facing him, permanent magnets (51) are mounted.
5. Tank für kryogene Flüssigkeiten nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass am Tragrohr (39) Stützen angebracht sind, die von der Innenwand des Tunnels (38) einen Abstand (54) halten.5. Tank for cryogenic liquids according to claim 3, characterized gekennzeich¬ net, that on the support tube (39) supports are mounted, which keep from the inner wall of the tunnel (38) a distance (54).
6. Tank für kryogene Flüssigkeiten nach Ansprach 1 , dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass der Innenbehälter (2;32) aus einem gewickelten Kohlefaserkomposit besteht, in das das mindestens eine Element (6,6', 16,16'; 46,50) aus einem sup¬ raleitendem Werkstoff bei der Herstellung eingewickelt ist. 6. Tank for cryogenic liquids according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeich¬ net, that the inner container (2; 32) consists of a wound carbon fiber composite, in which the at least one element (6,6 ', 16,16', 46,50) from a superconducting material is wrapped in the production.
PCT/AT2005/000391 2004-09-30 2005-09-29 Tank for cryogenic fluids with magnetic suspension WO2006034521A1 (en)

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ATGM710/2004 2004-09-30
AT7102004 2004-09-30

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103065759A (en) * 2013-01-24 2013-04-24 中国科学院电工研究所 Superconducting magnet supporting and positioning system
EP3470925A1 (en) * 2017-10-11 2019-04-17 ASML Netherlands B.V. Positioning device, magnetic support system and lithographic apparatus
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EP3564135A1 (en) * 2018-05-04 2019-11-06 The Boeing Company Tank support assembly for a vehicle
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