WO2005120625A1 - ガイドワイヤー - Google Patents
ガイドワイヤー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005120625A1 WO2005120625A1 PCT/JP2005/010739 JP2005010739W WO2005120625A1 WO 2005120625 A1 WO2005120625 A1 WO 2005120625A1 JP 2005010739 W JP2005010739 W JP 2005010739W WO 2005120625 A1 WO2005120625 A1 WO 2005120625A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tip
- guide wire
- coil
- wire
- elastomer
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/09—Guide wires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/09—Guide wires
- A61M2025/09058—Basic structures of guide wires
- A61M2025/09083—Basic structures of guide wires having a coil around a core
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/09—Guide wires
- A61M2025/09175—Guide wires having specific characteristics at the distal tip
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a guidewire. More specifically, the present invention relates to a guide wire which is excellent in insertability and torqueability, hardly causes permanent set, and hardly trapped. Disgusting background
- a force catheter is inserted to a predetermined position in a blood vessel. Since the force catheter is formed of a flexible material, and the blood vessel into which the catheter is inserted is bent in an mi shape, it is difficult to push the catheter to a predetermined position in the blood vessel using only the force catheter.
- a force S is applied by inserting a guide wire into the blood vessel and pushing the force wire along the guide wire to a predetermined position in the blood vessel.
- the guide wire has a small push-in force, easy insertion of the guide wire without damaging the blood vessels, etc., easy transmission of the rotational force on the proximal side to the tip, branching of the blood vessels, Torque S that can be advanced into the blood vessel of the patient, sometimes does not cause permanent strain due to deformation due to passage through the curved part of the blood vessel, and has permanent strain that makes it possible to select the bending branch ahead. It is required to have a small number, a smooth surface, difficult to pull on stent struts, and non-trapping properties.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of an example of a conventional guide wire.
- the guide wire in this example is made of SUS304 force ⁇ 0.3555.6 mm (0.014 inch): ⁇ 1 force at 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 457; 51 ⁇ 2 is smaller and SUS316 coil Covered by spring 8.
- This guy Dwire has good insertion properties, but it is difficult for torque to be transmitted in the curved part of a strong blood vessel, and it becomes plastically deformed, making subsequent operations difficult and bites into the acute-angled stent strut.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of another example of the conventional guide wire.
- the guidewire in this example is a SUS304 force, consisting of: ⁇ ⁇ 0.355.6 mm (0.014 inch) core wire 9 and ⁇ 10 at N i Ti super elasticity
- the alloy is made of iron and the tip becomes smaller ⁇ 11 force S, and the former ⁇ is covered by the coil spring 8 of SUS316.
- This guidewire has relatively good torque and endurance, but it is difficult to use due to the sudden change in the hardness of the guidewire in ⁇ , and it bites into the sharp stent strut.
- FIG. 6 is a side view of another example of the conventional guide wire.
- the guidewire in this example is made of a NiTi superelastic alloy ⁇ 0.35 5.6 mm (0.014 inch) core, wire 12, and tip 13. Becomes smaller and is covered with the coil spring 8 of SUS316.
- This guide wire has relatively good torque ⁇ t ⁇ life and vascular strain, but its base end is weak, it is stiff, injuries occur when inserted into the device, and it can be used with acute-angled stent struts. Bite ⁇ f ⁇ ⁇ . Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to provide a guide wire that is excellent in insertability and torqueability, hardly causes permanent set, and is hardly trapped.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned i3 ⁇ 4a.
- the tip of the core wire was thinned and the coil was attached, and the gap between the core wire and the coil material: the gap between the coil material and the coil material Filled with an elastomer to make the surface of Koino smooth, a guide wire with high curvature, good blood vessel permeability, low permanent deformation, push-in ⁇ 1 "and low trapping can be obtained.
- the present invention has been made based on this finding.
- a surface of 0 to 50 cm from the tip is covered with HTK polymer.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing another core wire of the guide wire of the present invention, a state in which a coil is attached to the distal end side, and a state in which the elastomer is completed by filling with elastomer.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a body cavity model
- Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a coronary artery model
- Fig. 4 is a side view of an example of a conventional guidewire
- Fig. 5 is a conventional guidewire.
- FIG. 6 is a side view of another example of a conventional guide wire.
- reference numeral 1 is a core wire
- 2 is a tip
- 3 is a S3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4
- 4 is a coil
- 5 is a « ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 polymer
- 6 is a low ⁇ Q3 ⁇ 4 polymer
- 1, 7 is a tip
- 8 is a coil spring
- 9 is a coil spring.
- a core wire, 10 is a joint portion, 11 is a tip portion, 12 is a core wire, and 13 is a tip portion.
- BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The guidewire of the present invention is a guidewire having a tip and a tip, and a tip part attached in accordance with the preceding rule, wherein the pitch p of the coil is 1.1 to 3 times the diameter d of the tip material.
- the gap between the core wire and the koinole material and the gap between the koinole material are filled with the elastomer, and the surface of the koino W3 ⁇ 4 forms a smooth surface.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of one core wire of the guide wire of the present invention, a side view showing a state where a coil is attached according to a tip rule, and a side view showing a state where an elastomer is filled.
- the core wire 1 of the guide wire of ⁇ note has a tip 2 and a thin 3, and a coil 4 is attached to the IJ.
- the coil pitch p is the diameter d of the coil material. ⁇ 3 times, more preferably 1.2 ⁇ 2 times.
- the coil pitch is the cross-section including the centerline of the coil, which is the center of the coil material adjacent to each other as measured by TO on the centerline of the coil.
- the coil material is a ⁇ ! Wire forming a coil.
- the coil pitch p is 1.1 times the diameter d of the coil material, a gap of 0.1 Id is formed between adjacent coil materials, and the coil pitch p is equal to the diameter d of the coil material d. When it is twice, a gap d is formed between adjacent coil materials. If the coil pitch p is less than 1.If the diameter d of the coil material, the true amount of elastomer between the coil materials will decrease, and the low permanent distortion of the guide wire may be insufficient. is there. If the coil pitch p exceeds three times the diameter d of the coil material, the elasticity imparted by the coil will be insufficient, and the insertability of the guide wire may be poor.
- an elastomer is formed in the gap between the core wire and the coil material and the gap between the coil materials, and the Koino [5 minute surface forms a smooth surface.
- the tip of the guide wire has
- the guide wire tip has a moderate elasticity, and the core wire and the core material are fixed by an elastomer so that permanent distortion hardly remains. It is less likely to be attracted to stent struts and the like, and non-trapping properties are improved.
- the elastomer used in the present invention is a high-density rubber exhibiting rubber elasticity at room temperature, and preferably expands to twice or more when an external force is applied at room temperature, and returns to its original shape when the external force is removed.
- elastomers include, for example, silicones, polyurethanes, polyether elastomers, polyesters / elastomers, fluorine-based elastomers, styrene-isoprenebule Lock copolymer, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, and the like can be given.
- that the surface of the coil portion constitutes a smooth surface means that the minimum value of the coil portion is 90% or more of the maximum value of ⁇ / min. Koino!
- the minimum value of ⁇ is more preferably 95% or more of the maximum value of Koino
- the ⁇ from the tip to the end are all the same. By making the conditions from the tip to the view all the same, the insertability and non-trapping property are improved.
- the gap between the core wire and the coil material and the gap between the coil materials are filled with an elastomer, and ⁇ f ⁇ of the filled elastomer is made equal to ⁇ of the spring: Therefore, it is possible to have a guide wire in which the distance from the distal end to the proximal end is all the same.
- the guide wire of the present invention is: 550 cm: ⁇ preferably has a portion of ⁇ 100 ⁇ or less, from the tip;! Cm30 cm of the core wire has a portion of ⁇ 50 ⁇ m or less. I like it.
- the core wire having a length of! To 30 cm from the tip has a portion that is a combination of a plurality of strands or a braid, and the angle can be set to 3 or less.
- the guide has a core wire having a part of a plurality of strands which is a straight line and whose length is 30 m or less.
- Oka I ⁇ at the end of the wire 13 can be reduced to give flexibility and improve penetration and non-trapping.
- the form of the twist and examples thereof include S twist, Z twist, ordinary S twist, twist, Lang S twist, and Lang Z twist.
- the form of the braid and examples thereof include a flat fiia thing and a rounded piece.
- the guide wire of the present invention preferably has a surface of 0 to 50 cm from the tip, more preferably a surface of 0 to 30 cm from the tip, coated with a suspension polymer.
- a ⁇ 7 polymer By covering the tip 15 of the guide wire with a ⁇ 7 polymer, lubricity is imparted to the tip of the guide wire, and the insertability and non-trapping property are improved.
- the method of coating with the dispersible polymer For example, a method of mixing polyethylene glycol containing 3 minutes with a diisocyanate compound, and a method using polyethylene daricone and a polyisocyanate containing 3 lfg ⁇ ⁇ content are included.
- RJ ⁇ Polyethylene Dalicol Di (meth) acrylate Polymerization Si ⁇ Can form a skin covering of the H * 'polymer.
- a portion other than ⁇ coated with a hydrophilic polymer is coated with a low-resistance polymer.
- a portion other than the tip covered with the hydrophilic polymer By covering the portion other than the tip covered with the hydrophilic polymer with a low-resistance polymer, the insertability and torqueability of the guide wire can be improved.
- polymers having low resistance to friction include fluorine resin, polyacetal, and polyethylene.
- the guide wire in the form shown in Fig. 1 has a tip coated with a conductive polymer 5 and a partial force excluding the tip covered with i7W raw polymer except for the tip. I have.
- the guide wire of the present invention preferably has an adhesive layer on the difficult surface of the coil material.
- an adhesive layer on the difficult surface of the Koinole material to enhance the adhesion between the coil material and the elastomer, even if the guide wire passes through the curved part of the blood vessel, peeling of the Koinore material and the filled elastomer will occur. It has good insertability and good torque and prevents permanent deformation.
- the appearance of the adhesive forming the adhesive layer can be appropriately reduced to ⁇ 5 ⁇ according to the type of the elastomer in the gap. For example, when silicone is used as the elastomer, the shrinkage of silane is dissolved and applied to the koinole material to form a uniform adhesive layer on the surface of the coil material. The surface can have a strong adhesion.
- a gap between the elastomer having the tgs and the coil material is filled in the gap between the coil materials, and the gap between the coil material and the surface is coated with the ⁇ polymer.
- Examples of the government include an amino group, an epoxy group, and a mercapto group.
- the guide wire according to the present invention may further comprise a core wire having a length of! To 50 cm from the tip, more preferably a core wire having a length of 2 to 30 cm from the tip, having a modulus of longitudinal elasticity of 2200 k NZmm 2 or more, more preferably a modulus of longitudinal elasticity of 2 4 0 k N / mm 2 or more, elongation 1.0% or more, more preferably formed of elongation 1.3% or more ultra-high elastic alloy, be a reduced diameter shape toward the Chikaratsu tip it can.
- a core wire having a length of! To 50 cm from the tip more preferably a core wire having a length of 2 to 30 cm from the tip, having a modulus of longitudinal elasticity of 2200 k NZmm 2 or more, more preferably a modulus of longitudinal elasticity of 2 4 0 k N / mm 2 or more, elongation 1.0% or more, more preferably formed of elongation 1.3% or more ultra-high elastic alloy,
- 5 ⁇ is Cr—Ni—Mo—Co.
- Cr, Ni, atoms other than M o and Co, Mn is 0.1 to 5 atomic%
- 1 ⁇ is 0.1 to 5 atomic%
- a Cr—Ni—Mo—Co based ultra-high elasticity alloy can be suitably used because its high modulus of elasticity allows the core wire to be thin and permanent set hardly remains.
- By setting the total of Cr and Mo to 20 to 40 atomic% good corrosion resistance and cold workability can be obtained.
- Ni to 20 to 50 at% high res and mechanical 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ can be obtained.
- Co to 25 to 45 atomic% good cold workability can be obtained.
- the ultra-high elasticity alloy is preferably cold-worked to an elongated rod of 60% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and the addition is less than 60%. If so, the precipitation hardening treatment may result in insufficient improvement of the hardness.
- the cold-worked ultra-high elasticity alloy is then preferably subjected to precipitation hardening at 400 to 600 ° C. in a vacuum or a non-oxidizing atmosphere. By the precipitation hardening treatment, the hardness of the ultra-high elasticity alloy can be increased to Hv800, and fatigue resistance and high elasticity can be imparted evenly.
- the guide wire of the present invention can have a maximum outer diameter of 0.3048 mm (0.012 inches) or less. For small vessels such as cerebral blood vessels, a thinner catheter than PTCA is used, and a thinner guide wire is required. By setting the maximum outer diameter of the guide wire to 0.3048 mm or less, it is possible to cope with 1F catheters.
- the guide wire of the present invention maintains good insertability and torque resistance even when the length is 0.3048 mm or less.
- Figure 37 shows the body ffi ⁇ of polytetrafluoroethylene with a cavity of 900 mm in length and 2 mm in inner diameter as shown in Fig.2. (: Immerse the guide wire in 200 mm / The boat was inserted by the min boat, and the load value, that is, the pushing resistance value was read by the load cell.
- a model made of polytetrafluoroethylene that imitates the human coronary artery shown in Fig. 3 was immersed in a constant temperature 7K bath at 37 ° C, and a guide wire was inserted into the model to give a curve. In this state, the guide wire was rotated 720 ° clockwise by the motor, and the rotation of the tip wire was observed.
- the body shown in Fig. 2 is made of polytetraphenylol ethylene having a length of 900 mm and an inner diameter of 2 mm with a K3 ⁇ 4 of 3).
- the wire was inserted, manually rotated at about 10 rpm, and the state of the trap was stated.
- the neoplasm of the core wire is SUS 316, ⁇ ⁇ 340 m from the tip to 2 Omm, / 90 / im from 20 to 250 mm, ⁇ 150 ⁇ from 250 to 30 Omm, 30150 ⁇ from 30 Omm to Sift; ⁇ 340 ⁇ m did.
- the gap between the core wire and the coil material 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ The gap between the coil materials is filled with RTV silicone rubber [Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., X-31-2059] and cured. ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Finished in a 340 m cylindrical shape.
- a portion of 0 to 300 mm from the tip is coated with a 2a! 11-thick «suspendable polymer by the reaction of polyethylene dalicol containing 3 t3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 with hexamethylene diisocyanate. From 30 to 30 Omm was coated with 2 ⁇ thick polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the indentation resistance was as good as 0.227 mm.
- the rotation of the fiber ij was good.
- the bending angle of the tip was 2 °, which was good. It was.
- the insertion resistance was good, and the indentation resistance was as good as 0.27 N.
- the rotation on the tip side of the torqueable fiber was also good.
- the bending angle of the tip was as good as 2 °, and the non-trapping property was good without trapping.
- a 10 mm diameter ultra-high-elasticity slotted metal thread is heated to 96.6% at room temperature to an outer diameter of 340 ⁇ , and heated to 500 ° C in vacuum for precipitation hardening.
- a core wire with the number of 250 kN / mm 2 and the elongation of bullet was 1.5%.
- As the core wire instead of the SUS316 core wire, use this super high bullet 'alloy: ⁇ I use a spring, from the tip to 20mm ⁇ 340zm, 20 ⁇ 250mm is a bottle 40jum, 250 ⁇ 30 Omm force S ⁇ 100m
- a guide wire was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the outer diameter was set to 340 m from 300 mm to S3 ⁇ 4.
- the atomic fraction of the superelastic alloy used was as follows: Cr 20.53 atom%, Mo 8.84 atom%, Ni 31.24 atom 0 Co 36.42 atom 0 Mn 0.43 atom 0 T i 0.62 atom%, A 10.14 atom 0 I, F e 0.7 ⁇ atom 0/0, Nb 1.07 atom 0 /. Mish methanole 0.01 atomic%.
- the indentation resistance value was as good as 0.25 N.
- the rotation on the tip side was good.
- the bending angle of the tip was as good as 1 °, and the non-trapping fiber was good without trapping.
- a guide wire with a total length of 1,400 mm and ⁇ 356 / m shown in Fig. 4 was provided.
- the material of the core wire is SUS 304, up to 20 mm from the tip; ⁇ ⁇ 356 / ⁇ , 20-250 mm; ⁇ 90 ⁇ , 250-300 mm ⁇ 150 ⁇ m, 300 mm to S3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 356 ⁇ m.
- a SUS 316 coin spring with a diameter of 60 ⁇ , a pitch of 60 Aim, and an appendix of 356 ⁇ is attached to the part 20 to 300 mm from the tip.
- the insertion resistance was good, and the indentation resistance was 0.29 N, which was good, but in the torque transmission test, the rotation on the tip side was poor. Also in the permanent set test, the bending angle at the tip was as poor as 10 °. Even in non-trapping, it is trapped immediately.
- the material of the core wire 20 to 300 mm from the tip is made of Ti-Ni superelastic alloy [Nippon Tungsten Co., Ltd., Memoire], and SUS 304 at the position of 300 mm from the tip: Except for the age, he gave a guidewire and spoke in the same way as in Hibiki 1.
- the indentation resistance was 0.51 N, which was poor.
- the torque transmission ⁇ the rotation on the tip side was good.
- the bending angle of the tip was good, but in the non-trapping life test, it was trapped shortly after insertion, and was poor.
- the insertion resistance was poor at 0.54 N for the male insert.
- the rotation in accordance with the preceding rule was good, and the bending angle of the tip was good at 1 ° in the permanent set, but in the non-trapping test, it was trapped during insertion. It was bad.
- Table 1 shows the results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- the core wire of SUS 316 was used as the wire, the outer diameter of 20 to 25 Omm from the tip was 90 m, and the diameter of 250 to 30 Omm was 150 ⁇ .
- the properties, Tonorec iS properties, permanent set and non-trapping are all good.
- the guide wire of Example 2 using a SUS316 wire of 30 ⁇ at a portion 20 to 250 mm from the tip also has good performance.
- the guide wire with the same pitch as the coil material and the diameter of the coil material and not filled with the elastomer, and the comparative wire 1 has good insertability, but has good torqueability, permanent distortion, and non-trapping property.
- the misalignment is also poor.
- the guide wire of Comparative Example 2 which was the same as Comparative Example 1 except that the material of ⁇ : 20 to 300 mm from the tip was a Ti_Ni superelastic alloy, had poor insertion and non-trapping properties. is there. All of the materials used were Ti-Ni-based super bullet-generating alloys! ⁇ Is the same as in Comparative Example 1, and the guide wire with a ratio of WJ 3 is the same as that of the insert '(4). Poor industrial availability
- the guide wire of the present invention is excellent in insertability and torque resistance, hardly causes permanent set, Since it is difficult to be wrapped, it can be suitably applied to an intervention used in a combined example of a complete stent and a stent.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-172170 | 2004-06-10 | ||
JP2004172170A JP2005348919A (ja) | 2004-06-10 | 2004-06-10 | ガイドワイヤー |
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WO2005120625A1 true WO2005120625A1 (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
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PCT/JP2005/010739 WO2005120625A1 (ja) | 2004-06-10 | 2005-06-06 | ガイドワイヤー |
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WO (1) | WO2005120625A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11801368B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2023-10-31 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Guidewire |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2010240201A (ja) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-10-28 | Hi-Lex Corporation | ガイドワイヤ |
JP6999934B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-27 | 2022-02-04 | 国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構 | ステント用合金及びステント |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1033687A (ja) * | 1996-04-30 | 1998-02-10 | Target Therapeutics Inc | 複合型編み組みガイドワイヤ |
JPH11276596A (ja) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-12 | Kawasumi Lab Inc | ガイドワイヤー |
US6139511A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-10-31 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Guidewire with variable coil configuration |
US20030205554A1 (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 2003-11-06 | Sepehr Fariabi | High strength member for intracorporeal use |
JP2005224467A (ja) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-25 | Japan Lifeline Co Ltd | 医療用ガイドワイヤ |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3876080B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-02 | 2007-01-31 | テルモ株式会社 | 医療用ワイヤ |
JP2004008653A (ja) * | 2002-06-10 | 2004-01-15 | Terumo Corp | ガイドワイヤ |
-
2004
- 2004-06-10 JP JP2004172170A patent/JP2005348919A/ja active Pending
-
2005
- 2005-06-06 WO PCT/JP2005/010739 patent/WO2005120625A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030205554A1 (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 2003-11-06 | Sepehr Fariabi | High strength member for intracorporeal use |
JPH1033687A (ja) * | 1996-04-30 | 1998-02-10 | Target Therapeutics Inc | 複合型編み組みガイドワイヤ |
JPH11276596A (ja) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-12 | Kawasumi Lab Inc | ガイドワイヤー |
US6139511A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-10-31 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Guidewire with variable coil configuration |
JP2005224467A (ja) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-25 | Japan Lifeline Co Ltd | 医療用ガイドワイヤ |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11801368B2 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2023-10-31 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Guidewire |
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