WO2005109975A2 - Breitbandiger symmetrierübertrager - Google Patents
Breitbandiger symmetrierübertrager Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005109975A2 WO2005109975A2 PCT/EP2005/003957 EP2005003957W WO2005109975A2 WO 2005109975 A2 WO2005109975 A2 WO 2005109975A2 EP 2005003957 W EP2005003957 W EP 2005003957W WO 2005109975 A2 WO2005109975 A2 WO 2005109975A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- conductor loop
- conductor
- signal input
- output
- circuit board
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a broadband balancing transformer - balun - for transmitting large high-frequency powers from an asymmetrical connection to a symmetrical two-pole connection and vice versa.
- Balancing transformers are required in the higher power range, for example in the case of amplifiers which are constructed from power transistors using push-pull technology in order to achieve the desired power level.
- These convert the high-frequency signal from an asymmetrical coaxial line or strip line to two signal lines designed to be as symmetrical as possible in order to supply it to two symmetrically operating power transistors or push-pull transistors.
- the two symmetrical output signals of the two power transistors or the push-pull transistor can be converted into a high-frequency signal for an unbalanced coaxial line or strip line via a symmetry transformer.
- balun by means of strip conductors arranged on a printed circuit board
- this type of implementation ensures that the balun, including its electrical properties, can be reproduced in mass production in comparison with a coaxial line technology.
- a stripline technology is characterized by a smaller construction volume and lower production costs compared to a coaxial conductor technology.
- balun is shown in EP 0 418 538 AI.
- the high-frequency signal power is transmitted by transformer Coupling between two conductor loops, of which one conductor loop is connected to the single-pole connection of the unbalanced line and the other conductor loop is connected to the two-pole symmetrical connection to the two power transistor amplifiers.
- a good transformer coupling between the two conductor loops is achieved by realizing the two conductor loops in terms of their geometrical position as mutually aligned conductor tracks on the top and bottom of a circuit board.
- Symmetrical transmission ratios on the side of the balancing transformer facing the power transistor amplifier are realized via electromagnetic coupling.
- the two symmetrical connections of the balun on the side of the power transistor amplifier are routed to ground via symmetrically dimensioned conductor loop regions.
- the conductor loop on the asymmetrical side which is routed to ground via symmetrically dimensioned conductor loop regions, is arranged on the printed circuit board in such a way that a symmetrical transformer coupling between these two symmetrical conductor loop regions occurs the side of the asymmetrical line and the two symmetrical conductor loop areas on the side of the power transistor amplifier. This ensures a symmetrical distribution of power from the unbalanced line to the two balanced poles on the side of the amplifier.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of further developing the balancing transformer in such a way that its bandwidth is significantly increased and, at the same time, a symmetrical power distribution from the asymmetrical connection to the two symmetrical poles is realized at the symmetrical connection within this bandwidth.
- the invention is solved by a balun according to claim 1.
- one of the two symmetrical conductor loop areas on the symmetrical side of the balancing transformer is divided into two further conductor loop areas.
- a transformer coupling takes place between the two conductor loop regions on the asymmetrical side and the two conductor loop regions which are connected directly to the two symmetrical poles on the symmetrical side.
- the conductor loop is no longer guided to ground at its end point on the asymmetrical side, but is galvanically coupled between the two divided conductor loop regions on the symmetrical side.
- FIG. 4 is a view of a balun according to the invention.
- Fig. 6 is a "view from below" on the balun according to the invention.
- Fig. 7 is a graphical representation of the transmission behavior of the balun according to the invention.
- the third has a first signal input / output 1 with the two symmetrical poles 2 and 3 and a second signal input / output 4 with a pole 5.
- the two symmetrical poles 2 and 3 of the first signal input / output 1 are, for. B. with the two inputs of a power transistor amplifier, which is not in Fig. 3 is shown connected.
- the pole 5 of the second signal input / output 4 can, for. B. with an inner conductor, not shown in FIG. 3, of a coaxial line. However, it can also be connected to an asymmetrical strip line, coplanar line or triplate line.
- One of the two symmetrical poles 3 of the first signal input / output 1 is led to ground 7 via a first conductor loop region 6, which has a characteristic impedance component in the circuit model of the symmetry transformer in FIG. 3.
- the other of the two symmetrical poles 2 of the first signal input / output 1 is guided to ground 7 via a first series circuit 8, consisting of two first conductor loop regions 9 and 10, which also have a characteristic impedance component.
- the component of the first conductor loop region 6 is constructed symmetrically to the component of the first series circuit 8, consisting of the two first conductor loop regions 9 and 10.
- the first outer connection 14 of a second series circuit 11, consisting of the second conductor loop regions 12 and 13, is connected to the pole 5 of the second signal input / output 4.
- the two second conductor loop regions 12 and 13 each have wave resistances which are each designed symmetrically to one another.
- the second outer connection 15 of the second series circuit 11 is electrically connected to the intermediate connection 16 of the first series circuit 8 of the two first conductor loop regions 9 and 10.
- the design of the second conductor loop areas 12 and 13 and the symmetrical design of the first conductor loop area 6 with respect to the first series circuit 8, consisting of the two first conductor loop areas 9 and 10, results in the electrical-galvanic coupling and the electromagnetic-transformer coupling a symmetrical transmission between the first signal input / output 1 and the second signal input / output 4 and vice versa.
- FIG. 4 shows a balun implemented in stripline technology using a printed circuit board 19.
- FIG. 5 shows a view - “view from above” - on the first side 18 of the circuit board 19
- FIG. 6 shows a view - “view from below” - on the second side 20 of the circuit board 19.
- the two poles 2 and 3 of the first signal input / output 1, the pole 5 of the second signal input / output 4, the first conductor loop regions 6, 9 and 10 and the second conductor loop regions 12 and 13 are as conductor tracks 21 on the first and second side 18 and 20 of the circuit board 19 realized.
- One of the two symmetrical poles 2 of the first signal input / output 1 is implemented as a first linear conductor track 22.
- a second linear conductor 23 is arranged, which is assigned to the other of the two symmetrical poles 3 of the first signal input / output 1.
- the first conductor loop areas 6, 9 and 10 are up to one summarized the gap 25 almost closed conductor loop 24.
- the two ends 26 and 27 of this conductor loop 24 are each connected to one end 28 and 29 of the two linear conductor tracks 22 and 23.
- the clear distance 34 between the two conductor tracks 22 and 23 corresponds to the width of the gap 25.
- the one loop half 30 of the conductor loop 24 contains the first conductor loop regions 9 and 10 arranged between the pole 2 of the first signal input / output 1 and the common ground 7, the other loop half 31 of the conductor loop 24 contains the one between the pole 3 of the first Signal input / output 1 and the common ground 7 arranged conductor loop area 6.
- the intermediate connection 16 of the first series circuit 8, consisting of the two first conductor loop areas 9 and 10 is attached ,
- This can be used for a direct current supply to the symmetrical inputs and outputs 1 and for temperature dissipation from ground.
- two parallel conductor track legs 33 are guided to the almost closed conductor loop 24, which are supported against ground by the interposition of a capacitor (not shown in FIGS. 4 and 5).
- the temperature is dissipated from ground by a through-contacting of the cold point 32 to ground on the second side 20 of the printed circuit board 19, also not shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.
- a third linear conductor 35 is arranged, which realizes the pole 5 of the second signal input / output 4 of the balun.
- a loop-shaped conductor track 36 is formed, which realizes the conductor loop of the two second conductor loop regions 12 and 13.
- This loop-shaped conductor track 36 is geometrically aligned on the second side 20 of the circuit board 19 such that it lies centrally above the conductor track 24 on the first side 18 of the circuit board 19.
- the first and second outer connections 14 and 15 of the second series circuit 11 of the two second conductor loop regions 12 and 13, which are each positioned at the ends of the loop-shaped conductor track 36, are in the region of the intermediate connection 16 of the first series circuit 8 of the first conductor loop Areas 9 and 10 are arranged on the loop half 30 of the almost closed conductor loop 24 and in the area of the pole 5 of the second signal input / output 4 on the third linear conductor track 35.
- the first conductor loop area 6 is directly in parallel with the second conductor loop area 12 and the first conductor loop area 9 is directly in parallel with the second conductor loop area 13 in order to ensure the most efficient electromagnetic-transformer coupling between the first signal. to implement output 1 and the second signal input / output 4.
- the intermediate connection 16 of the first series circuit 8 of the two first conductor loop regions 9 and 10 on the loop half 30 of the almost closed conductor loop 24 on the first side 18 of the circuit board 19 is preferably via a via 40 of the 'circuit board 19 with the second outer connection 15 second series circuit 11 of the second conductor loop regions 12 and 13 at one end of the loop-shaped conductor track 36 on the second side 20 of the circuit board 19 is electrically connected.
- Analog is the pole 5 of the second signal input 4 on the third linear conductor track 35 on the first side 18 of the circuit board 19 via a via 41 of the circuit board 19 with the first outer connection 14 of the second series circuit 11 of the second conductor loops regions 12 and 13 on the other End of the loop-shaped conductor track 36 on the second side 20 of the circuit board 19 electrically connected.
- the loop-shaped conductor track 36 belonging to the second conductor loop regions 12 and 13 on the second side 20 of the printed circuit board 19 is surrounded by a common ground conductor 37.
- FIG. 7 shows the transmission behavior of the balun according to the invention, which was determined in the form of S parameters with a field simulator.
- the balancing transformer according to the invention In contrast to the transmission behavior of the balancing transformer according to the prior art in FIG. 2, the balancing transformer according to the invention, given the design, has resonances in its transmission behavior only at a frequency of over 3 GHz.
- the balun according to the invention can consequently be operated without problems up to an operating frequency of approximately 2.5 GHz.
- the balancing transformer according to the invention has a substantially higher symmetry between the two symmetrical poles 2 and 3 of the first signal input / output 1 in its unproblematic operating frequency range.
- the transmission characteristic in the signal path from pole 5 of the second signal input 4 to pole 2 of the first signal input / output 1 (S parameter S1, 2 in FIG. 7) has an approximate one in the operating frequency range up to approximately 1.6 GHz same course as the transmission characteristic in the signal path from pole 5 of the second signal input / output 4 to pole 3 of the first signal input / output 1 (S parameter S1, 3 in FIG. 7).
- the intermediate connection 16 is preferably arranged such that the lengths 1 of the first conductor loop regions 9, 10 forming the first series circuit 8 have a ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1.
- the length 1 of the second conductor loop region 13 of the second series circuit 11 is to be adapted to the length 1 of the first conductor loop region 9 of the first series circuit 8.
- the two conductor loop regions 9 and 10 of the first series circuit 8 preferably have a ratio of 1: 1.
- the first conductor loop region 9 consequently has a length of 1/4.
- the second conductor loop region 13 of the second series circuit 11 is consequently adapted with a length of 1/4.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiment shown.
- similar or analog conductor paths and arrangements, but which have the same effect on the bandwidth and symmetry of the balun as the balun shown above, are covered by the invention.
Landscapes
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
- Transmitters (AREA)
- Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007511913A JP4437153B2 (ja) | 2004-05-05 | 2005-04-14 | 広帯域平衡不平衡変成器 |
DE502005003204T DE502005003204D1 (de) | 2004-05-05 | 2005-04-14 | Breitbandiger symmetrierübertrager |
US11/568,671 US7656247B2 (en) | 2004-05-05 | 2005-04-14 | Broadband balancing transformer |
EP05732248A EP1743396B1 (de) | 2004-05-05 | 2005-04-14 | Breitbandiger symmetrierübertrager |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004022185.5 | 2004-05-05 | ||
DE102004022185A DE102004022185A1 (de) | 2004-05-05 | 2004-05-05 | Breitbandiger Symmetrierübertrager |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005109975A2 true WO2005109975A2 (de) | 2005-11-17 |
WO2005109975A3 WO2005109975A3 (de) | 2006-04-06 |
Family
ID=35267281
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/003957 WO2005109975A2 (de) | 2004-05-05 | 2005-04-14 | Breitbandiger symmetrierübertrager |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7656247B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1743396B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4437153B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102004022185A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2301006T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005109975A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4674590B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-15 | 2011-04-20 | ソニー株式会社 | バラントランス及びバラントランスの実装構造、並びに、この実装構造を内蔵した電子機器 |
DE102009024997B4 (de) | 2009-06-16 | 2014-05-28 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Koppler in planarer Leitertechnik |
KR101515184B1 (ko) | 2010-06-11 | 2015-04-24 | 가부시키가이샤 리코 | 정보 저장 장치, 탈착 장치, 현상제 용기 및 화상 형성 장치 |
US9784835B1 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2017-10-10 | Waymo Llc | Laser diode timing feedback using trace loop |
US9350316B1 (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2016-05-24 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Wideband baluns and methods of their manufacture |
US9692387B2 (en) | 2015-07-24 | 2017-06-27 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Balun transformer |
CN108270407B (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2023-09-05 | 通用电气公司 | 一种平面巴伦及一种多层电路板 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0418538A1 (de) * | 1989-09-18 | 1991-03-27 | Motorola Semiconducteurs S.A. | Transformatoren, insbesondere mit symmetrischer/unsymmetrischer Kopplung |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4118670A (en) * | 1975-05-08 | 1978-10-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Image phased and idler frequency controlled mixer formed on an integrated circuit dielectric substrate |
US4847626A (en) * | 1987-07-01 | 1989-07-11 | Motorola, Inc. | Microstrip balun-antenna |
US5917386A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1999-06-29 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Printed circuit transformer hybrids for RF mixers |
US6351192B1 (en) * | 1999-03-25 | 2002-02-26 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Miniaturized balun transformer with a plurality of interconnecting bondwires |
JP2001211010A (ja) * | 1999-11-16 | 2001-08-03 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 平衡−不平衡変換回路、平衡−不平衡変換器および通信機 |
DE10105696A1 (de) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-08-14 | Rohde & Schwarz | Symmetrierübertrager |
-
2004
- 2004-05-05 DE DE102004022185A patent/DE102004022185A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-04-14 WO PCT/EP2005/003957 patent/WO2005109975A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 2005-04-14 JP JP2007511913A patent/JP4437153B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-14 ES ES05732248T patent/ES2301006T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-14 US US11/568,671 patent/US7656247B2/en active Active
- 2005-04-14 DE DE502005003204T patent/DE502005003204D1/de active Active
- 2005-04-14 EP EP05732248A patent/EP1743396B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0418538A1 (de) * | 1989-09-18 | 1991-03-27 | Motorola Semiconducteurs S.A. | Transformatoren, insbesondere mit symmetrischer/unsymmetrischer Kopplung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1743396B1 (de) | 2008-03-12 |
JP2007536839A (ja) | 2007-12-13 |
DE502005003204D1 (de) | 2008-04-24 |
DE102004022185A1 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
EP1743396A2 (de) | 2007-01-17 |
JP4437153B2 (ja) | 2010-03-24 |
ES2301006T3 (es) | 2008-06-16 |
WO2005109975A3 (de) | 2006-04-06 |
US20080231388A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
US7656247B2 (en) | 2010-02-02 |
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