WO2005088309A1 - 親和性物質測定方法 - Google Patents
親和性物質測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005088309A1 WO2005088309A1 PCT/JP2005/004234 JP2005004234W WO2005088309A1 WO 2005088309 A1 WO2005088309 A1 WO 2005088309A1 JP 2005004234 W JP2005004234 W JP 2005004234W WO 2005088309 A1 WO2005088309 A1 WO 2005088309A1
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- reaction solution
- binding
- carrier particles
- affinity substance
- measured
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54313—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals the carrier being characterised by its particulate form
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring an affinity substance using an aggregation reaction of carrier particles.
- an enzyme immunoassay or a radioimmunoassay has been conventionally used.
- the affinity substance is bound to its binding partner, and the affinity substance is measured based on the level of binding between the two.
- These methods have high sensitivity and high accuracy.
- Reagents are unstable because enzymes or radioisotopes are used as labels.
- the use of radioisotopes requires careful consideration and techniques in measurement due to regulations on storage and preservation. Therefore, a simpler measurement method was required.
- these methods require a relatively long time for measurement, it is difficult to respond to an urgent test. against this background, highly sensitive and rapid measurement methods have been actively studied.
- a particle size distribution measuring method in a latex agglutination method is also known (Non-Patent Document 1Z Cam Via) So et al., J. Immunol. Methods 18, 33, 1977, Non-Patent Document 2Z Matsuzawa et al., Chemistry and Industry, Vol. 36, No. 4, 1982).
- the particle size distribution measurement method measures the state and number of dispersed individual particles.
- Cambiaso et al. A reagent in which an antibody was bound to a latex having a particle diameter of 0.8 m was reacted with an antigen at 37 ° C for 20 minutes. The number of particles after the reaction was counted, and the antigen was measured based on the level of particle number reduction due to aggregation. The number of particles was measured with a counter based on laser scattered light.
- latex particles having a particle diameter of 0.05-0.6 ⁇ m are generally used.
- such small particles are susceptible to measurement interfering substances.
- lipids, proteins, blood cell components, and the like coexist in body fluids such as blood and urine. These coexisting substances are difficult to distinguish from carrier particles. Relatively large particles have been used to avoid the effects of these interfering substances, which may not be able to correctly count carrier particles.
- an AC voltage to the reaction system.
- the method is known (JP-A-7-83928, Z patent document 1). This method detects or measures the presence of an affinity substance by agglomeration of carrier particles.In the presence of a salt of 10 mM or more, an AC voltage is applied to the reaction system so that an electric field strength of 5 to 50 V / mm is obtained. It is characterized in that it is applied to
- the carrier particles holding the binding partner are arranged along the electric field when placed in an electric field (Parl chaining). After that, when the electric field is stopped, the arranged carrier particles are redispersed. If an affinity substance is present during pearl chaining, the binding partner will bind to the affinity substance. As a result, the carrier particles did not redisperse even after the electric field was stopped, and the presence of the pearl-chained carrier was still recognized.
- the measurement method utilizes this phenomenon. That is, in an electric field, the reaction of the affinity substance is promoted. Then, if the carrier particles are re-dispersed after stopping the electric field, an aggregate of the carrier particles, which is a reaction product, can be detected.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-7-83928
- Non-Patent Document 1 Cambiaso et al., J. Immunol. Methods 18, 33, 1977
- Non-Patent Document 2 Matsuzawa et al., Chemistry and Industry, Vol. 36, No. 4, 1982
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for aggregating carrier particles by binding an affinity substance and a binding partner, wherein the method can promote the binding between the two.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for suppressing the influence of a factor inhibiting the binding between the two.
- the reaction of the affinity substance occurs when the carrier particles holding the binding partner are pearl chained.
- Carrier particles aggregated by the reaction between the two are detected or measured as an index of binding. Therefore, if both reactions can be promoted, it is considered that the reaction efficiency can be improved.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring an affinity substance which is hardly affected by dilution in detecting an aggregate formed by pearl chaining, and to provide an apparatus therefor. is there.
- the method of measuring the affinity substance by counting the aggregation of the carrier particles the result of discriminating the aggregated particles from the carrier particles that did not aggregate has a great influence on the measurement result.
- the carrier particles do not form agglomerates, they may be counted as agglomerates if the particles have a positional relationship that allows them to overlap.
- the present inventors have confirmed that counting the aggregated particles based on the three-dimensional information of the particles can solve the problem of the overlap between the particles.
- a plurality of particles may be detected at the same time when the particle concentration is high. That is, it has been confirmed that a plurality of carrier particles may be counted as aggregates after aggregation.
- the particle concentration is set low in advance, there may be a force to avoid the overlapping of the particles in the identification of the aggregated particles.
- the particle concentration is low, it is difficult to perform pearl chaining.
- a certain particle concentration is required. In other words, it is ideal if the particle concentration can be increased in the step of forming the pearl chain and then reduced in the step of detecting the aggregated particles.
- a reaction solution containing carrier particles may be diluted.
- the formed aggregate breaks down by dilution of the reaction solution.
- the number of aggregated particles is counted lower than the actual number.
- dilution results in a negative error.
- the present inventors have clarified a method for improving the efficiency of binding between an affinity substance and a binding partner, and have completed the present invention.
- the binding partner held by the pearl-chained carrier particles In order for the binding partner held by the pearl-chained carrier particles to efficiently bind to the affinity substance, it is necessary to provide conditions under which as many affinity substances as possible contact the binding partner! .
- a condition in which there is a large amount of an affinity substance that missed the opportunity of contact with the binding partner can be said to be a condition in which the reaction efficiency is low.
- measurement methods that detect the binding of both by agglutination of carrier particles may hinder improvement in measurement sensitivity. 'I have sex. Such a problem is solved by the present invention.
- the temperature of the reaction solution to which a voltage is applied increases due to Joule heat.
- the present inventors analyzed the effect of the temperature of the reaction solution on the reaction between the affinity substance binding partners. As a result, it was confirmed that an increase in the temperature of the reaction solution may act to inhibit the binding between the two. Then, it was revealed that suitable reaction conditions can be realized by controlling the temperature conditions of the reaction solution to which the electric field is applied, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention provides the following measuring method, measuring apparatus, or method for promoting aggregation of carrier particles holding a binding partner by an affinity substance.
- a method for measuring an affinity substance comprising the following steps.
- step (2) aggregates of the carrier particles formed by binding to the affinity substance to be measured and those that do not form aggregates without binding to the affinity substance to be measured. Counting the slippage or both of the carrier particles, and
- Step (3) Step of determining the level of the substance to be measured based on either or both of the level of formation of aggregates and the level of carrier particles that do not form aggregates after step (3)
- step (1) is a step of incubating the reaction solution at 37-90 ° C.
- step (1) is a step of incubating the reaction solution at 40 to 90 ° C.
- a method for measuring an affinity substance comprising the following steps.
- step (3 ') determine the level of the substance to be measured based on the difference between the level of aggregate formation and the level of carrier particles that did not form aggregates, or both.
- step (1 ′) After incubating the reaction solution and before step (2 ′), an agglutinating reagent is mixed.
- step (1 ′) The method according to [13], wherein in step (1 ′), the reaction solution is incubated in the presence of an agglutinating reagent, and then step (2 ′) is performed.
- carrier particles having a binding partner having a binding activity with a specific substance and a means for applying a voltage pulse to a reaction solution containing the specific substance;
- a device for aggregating carrier particles comprising: a carrier particle having a binding partner having a binding activity with a specific substance, and a means for applying a voltage pulse to a reaction solution containing the specific substance;
- An apparatus having means for adjusting the temperature of a reaction solution to 0 ° C to 20 ° C while applying a voltage.
- the binding between a carrier particle having a binding partner having an activity of binding to an affinity substance to be measured and the affinity substance to be measured comprising the following elements,
- the present inventors have repeatedly studied a process of detecting an aggregate of carrier particles. And thus, it was thought that in the step of diluting the reaction solution after Pearl Chain Dani, the use of a means capable of strengthening the bond that forms an aggregate can eliminate the disadvantages associated with dilution. Further, the present inventors have clarified effective means for preventing disadvantages due to dilution, confirmed the effects thereof, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to the following measuring method and measuring device.
- step (1) aggregates of carrier particles formed by binding to the affinity substance to be measured and those that do not form aggregates without binding to the affinity substance to be measured. Counting the slippage or both of the carrier particles, and
- step (2) determining the level of the substance to be measured based on any one or both of the level of aggregate formation and the level of carrier particles that do not form aggregates, Or
- a step of applying a voltage pulse to a reaction mixture obtained by mixing a carrier particle to which a binding partner having a binding activity with an affinity substance to be measured and an affinity substance to be assayed are mixed with an agglutinating reagent component.
- the carrier particles are aggregated by an agglutinating reagent, and the aggregation is inhibited by an affinity substance to be measured;
- step of diluting the reaction solution further comprises a step of mixing the reaction solution and the diluent under the conditions of applying a voltage pulse, further stopping the electric field, and further diluting the carrier particles.
- the reaction solution is diluted with a binding enhancer that enhances the binding between the affinity substance to be measured and the binding partner, or the binding reagent and the binding partner, and then added to the reaction solution.
- a binding enhancer that enhances the binding between the affinity substance to be measured and the binding partner, or the binding reagent and the binding partner, and then added to the reaction solution.
- step (2) or (2 ′) The method of [40], wherein the average particle diameter of the carrier particles is 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- step (2) or (2 ′) one or both of aggregates and carrier particles that do not form aggregates are counted using the three-dimensional information as an index, as described in (26). the method of
- a method for physically measuring three-dimensional information is any one of the selected methods: electric resistance method, laser diffraction / scattering method, and three-dimensional image analysis method. The method described in.
- the binding between the carrier particle bound with a binding partner having the binding activity to the affinity substance to be measured and the affinity substance to be measured is performed by the affinity substance or aggregation of the carrier particle.
- a Holds a carrier particle bound with a binding partner having the binding activity to the affinity substance to be measured and a reaction solution containing a sample containing the affinity substance to be measured, or a reaction solution additionally containing an agglutinating agent.
- the means for diluting the reaction solution may be a means for adding a binding enhancer that enhances the binding between the affinity substance to be measured and the binding partner, or the binding reagent and the binding partner, to the reaction solution.
- the electric field is impressed!
- a method for promoting the binding reaction of the carrier particles holding the binding partner with the affinity substance in the reaction solution or a method for suppressing the influence of factors inhibiting the reaction was provided.
- affinity substances using aggregation of carrier particles as an index there have been few reports showing suitable reaction conditions.
- the present invention thus, for example, it is possible to realize an increase in the sensitivity of a measurement method using an immunological binding reaction using the aggregation of carrier particles as an index, or a reduction in the reaction time.
- the present invention contributes to optimization of the above reaction.
- an increase in sensitivity or an improvement in reproducibility of a measurement method using an immunological binding reaction using aggregation of carrier particles as an index can be realized.
- the present invention contributes to the optimization of the above reaction.
- an aggregate is formed by a binding reaction between the binding partner held by the carrier particles and the affinity substance (or the agglutinating reagent).
- the aggregate upon detecting an aggregate, the aggregate is detected after diluting the reaction solution by means for enhancing the binding reaction.
- dilution of the reaction solution under a voltage pulse application condition or a binding enhancer can be used.
- FIG. 1 (A) is a diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus according to the present invention.
- () Is a diagram showing a cross section of a pulse application tank that constitutes the device based on the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a measurement result (relation with a pretreatment temperature) obtained when the measurement method of the present invention was performed by a measurement apparatus having the configuration of FIG. 1.
- the vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate (%)
- the horizontal axis indicates the AFP concentration (ng / mL).
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a measurement result (relation with pretreatment time at high temperature) obtained when the measurement method of the present invention was performed by the measurement apparatus having the configuration of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing a measurement result (relationship with a reaction accelerator) obtained when the measurement method of the present invention was performed by a measurement apparatus having the configuration of FIG. 1.
- the plots in the figure show the following results, respectively.
- White square antigen amount Ong / mL (blank value)
- White circle antigen amount 9.5 ng / mL
- Black circle Blank correction (9.5-0ng / mL)
- (A) is a diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus according to the present invention.
- () Is a diagram showing a cross section of a pulse application tank that constitutes the device based on the present invention.
- the reference numerals in the figure indicate the elements described in the description of the reference numerals.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing measurement results obtained when the measuring method having the configuration of FIG. 5 is used to maintain the reaction solution to which the voltage pulse is being applied at a low temperature, according to the present invention.
- the vertical axis shows the aggregation rate (%)
- the horizontal axis shows the AFP concentration (ng / mL).
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the results of the control method of FIG. 6 (no temperature control of the reaction solution during application of a voltage pulse: room temperature).
- the vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate (%), and the horizontal axis indicates the AFP concentration (ng / mL).
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the results of the control method of FIG. 6 (incubation at 37 ° C. for 20 minutes without applying a voltage pulse!).
- the vertical axis indicates the agglutination rate (%)
- the horizontal axis indicates the AFP concentration (ng / mL).
- the serum added to the reaction solution 4 is a graph showing the effect of albumin (BSA) on the aggregation rate of carrier particles.
- the vertical axis shows the aggregation rate (%)
- the horizontal axis shows the final concentration of BSA in the reaction solution.
- Each column shows the results of PSA Ong / mL, 9.5 ng / mL, and 32 ng / mL in the left-hand order.
- the aggregation rate at PSA Ong / mL at each BSA concentration the difference in the aggregation rate at 9.5 ng / mL (closed square), and the difference in the aggregation rate at 32 ng / mL (open circle) are also shown.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the influence of the concentration of pepsin albumin (BSA) in the reaction solution and the temperature on the viscosity of the reaction solution.
- BSA pepsin albumin
- the vertical axis indicates viscosity (mPas) and the horizontal axis indicates temperature (° C).
- FIG. 11 (A) is a diagram schematically showing an apparatus for measuring the aggregation state of a carrier.
- FIG. 11 (B) is a diagram schematically illustrating the dilution tank 5 of FIG. 11 (A).
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the agglutination rate of a carrier when an AFP control serum was used as a sample liquid and a reaction was performed using an anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent as a carrier.
- the aggregation rate when applying and diluting is indicated by a black diamond, and the aggregation rate when applying and diluting is indicated by a white square.
- the vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis indicates the concentration of AFP.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the agglutination rate of a carrier when a reaction was performed using an AFP control serum as a sample solution and an anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent as a carrier.
- the agglomeration rate is shown by a black circle, the agglutination rate when diluted without application is indicated by a white square, and the agglutination rate when diluted with a previously applied diluent is indicated by a black triangle.
- the vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis indicates the concentration of AFP.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the agglutination ratio of a carrier when a PSA control serum was used as a sample solution, an anti-PSA antibody-sensitized latex reagent was used as a carrier, and a reaction promoting reagent was added to carry out the reaction.
- the agglomeration rate when applying and diluting is indicated by a black diamond
- the agglomeration rate when diluting without applying is indicated by a black square
- the aggregating rate when diluting with a previously applied diluent is indicated by a white triangle.
- the vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate
- the horizontal axis indicates the concentration of PSA.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the agglutination ratio of a carrier when a 2.0 ⁇ m anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent was reacted with an AFP control serum as a carrier.
- the aggregation rate when applying and diluting is indicated by a black diamond, and the aggregation rate when applying and diluting is indicated by a white square.
- the vertical axis shows the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis shows the concentration of AFP.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the agglutination rate of a carrier when a 3 ⁇ m anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent was used as a carrier and reacted with AFP control serum.
- the agglutination rate when diluted by imprinting!] Is indicated by a black diamond, and the agglutination rate when diluted without application is indicated by a white square.
- the vertical axis shows the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis shows the concentration of AFP.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the agglutination rate of a carrier when a 4.5 ⁇ m anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent was reacted with an AFP control serum as a carrier.
- the aggregation rate when applying and diluting is indicated by a black diamond, and the aggregation rate when applying and diluting is indicated by a white square.
- the vertical axis shows the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis shows the concentration of AFP.
- FIG. 18 After reacting AFP control serum with anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent, add 0.25%, 2.5%, or 25% dartartaldehyde and sonicate. It is a graph showing the agglomeration rate of the carrier when ultrasonic treatment was performed without adding. The vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis indicates the ultrasonic treatment time.
- FIG. 19 AFP control serum reacted with anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent, glutaraldehyde was added, and incubated for 0, 15, 30 or 60 seconds, followed by sonication 4 is a graph showing the agglomeration rate of the carrier when sonication was performed without removing dartartaldehyde and dartaraldehyde. The vertical axis shows the agglutination rate, and the horizontal axis shows the ultrasonic treatment time Indicates.
- FIG. 20 After reacting with AFP control serum using a 2.0 ⁇ m anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent as a carrier, daltaraldehyde was added, incubated, and subjected to force sonication.
- 4 is a graph showing the aggregation rate of a carrier when ultrasonic treatment was performed without adding an aldehyde. The vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis indicates the ultrasonic treatment time.
- FIG.21 After reacting with AFP control serum using 2.8 ⁇ m anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent as carrier, daltaraldehyde was added, incubated, and force-sonicated.
- 4 is a graph showing the aggregation rate of a carrier when ultrasonic treatment was performed without adding an aldehyde. The vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis indicates the ultrasonic treatment time.
- FIG. 22 After reacting with AFP control serum using a 1.7 ⁇ m anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent as a carrier, dartaraldehyde was added, incubated, and subjected to force sonication.
- 4 is a graph showing the aggregation rate of a carrier when ultrasonic treatment was performed without adding an aldehyde. The vertical axis indicates the aggregation rate, and the horizontal axis indicates the ultrasonic treatment time.
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring an affinity substance, comprising the following steps.
- step (2) aggregates of the carrier particles formed by binding to the affinity substance to be measured and those that do not form aggregates without binding to the affinity substance to be measured. Counting the slippage or both of the carrier particles, and
- Step (3) Step of determining the level of the substance to be measured based on either or both of the level of formation of aggregates and the level of carrier particles that do not form aggregates after step (3)
- a feature of the present invention is that a reaction solution obtained by mixing a carrier particle to which a binding partner having a binding activity with an affinity substance to be measured is bound and an affinity substance to be measured is applied before a voltage pulse is applied.
- a reaction solution obtained by mixing a carrier particle to which a binding partner having a binding activity with an affinity substance to be measured is bound and an affinity substance to be measured is applied before a voltage pulse is applied.
- the present inventors have clarified that the incubation of the reaction solution before the application of the voltage pulse promotes the formation of aggregates after the application of the voltage pulse. I did it. That is, the reaction is promoted by incubation before applying the voltage noise.
- the reaction solution is incubated, for example, at a temperature of room temperature or higher.
- the incubation temperature is desirably as high as possible as long as the activity of various reaction components contained in the reaction solution can be maintained.
- the time for incubation is not limited. That is, the incubation can be performed at the incubation temperature within a range that does not cause denaturation of the reaction components. The longer the incubation time, the stronger the promoting effect. Therefore, it is desirable to set in advance the temperature and time conditions at which a required level of the promotion effect can be expected.
- the temperature condition for incubation may be generally 37-90 ° C, preferably 40-90 ° C, or 45-80 ° C.
- a protein antigen that is an affinity substance can be measured according to the present invention using an antibody that is a binding partner. It is known that proteins constituting antibodies and antigens are denatured at high temperatures. However, for example, incubating conditions of 56 ° C for 30 minutes, which is a general condition for serum immobilization, does not denature many proteins.
- the present inventors have confirmed that, if the treatment is carried out for a short time under a low protein concentration condition such as that of Immunoassey, denaturation of the protein can be ignored even at a temperature of about 90 ° C.
- preferable incubation conditions in the present invention are preferably 45-80 ° C, more preferably 50-65 ° C, for 5 seconds or more, for example, 5-30 seconds.
- the present invention includes a longer incubation time.
- the method of the present invention when the method of the present invention is applied to the reaction of a heat-resistant substance, high-temperature conditions do not matter.
- DNA is extremely stable under high temperature conditions. Therefore, if the binding between DNA is to be measured by aggregation of carrier particles, A higher temperature can be selected as the temperature for
- Carrier particles aligned by the application of a voltage pulse form an aggregate by binding of a binding partner immobilized thereon to one of the binding partners on another carrier particle via an affinity substance.
- a series of reactions was thought to occur when the carrier particles were aligned.
- the incubation before the application of the voltage pulse contributed to the efficiency of the reaction. They also found that during this incubation, a state was formed in which the affinity substance was bound to the binding partner on the carrier particles. In other words, it is considered that the reaction is made more efficient if the binding partner captures the affinity substance before the carrier particles are aligned by applying a voltage norse.
- the carrier particles have a much higher degree of freedom under the condition that the voltage norse is applied than when the voltage pulse is applied.
- the affinity partner can contact the binding partner on the carrier particle, and the binding partner can capture the affinity substance.
- the carrier particles having the binding partner capturing the affinity substance are aligned with the other carrier particles in the electric field.
- an aggregate is quickly formed by the binding with the binding partner of another approaching carrier particle.
- An electric field is applied intermittently, and the alignment and dispersion of the carrier particles are repeated, increasing the chance of contact and promoting the formation of aggregates
- the aggregate of the carrier particles undergoes the following primary reaction and secondary reaction. It is said that it will be formed.
- Primary reaction A reaction in which a binding partner on a carrier particle captures an affinity substance. At this time, the crosslinked structure between the carrier particles via the affinity substance does not necessarily have to be formed.
- Secondary reaction A reaction in which binding partners on multiple carrier particles bind to an affinity substance. As a result, a cross-linked structure (ie, aggregate) between the carrier particles via the affinity substance is formed. Secondary reactions are promoted by the application of voltage pulses.
- the specific conditions for promoting primary reactions have not been disclosed. Therefore, it can be considered that the present invention has provided conditions for promoting the primary reaction. That is, the incubation step before the application of the voltage pulse in the present invention is a step for promoting the primary reaction.
- a water-soluble polymer compound can be added to the reaction solution before the application of the voltage pulse.
- the agglutination reaction can be strengthened or stabilized.
- the concentration of the water-soluble polymer compound in the reaction solution can be appropriately selected, for example, from 0.05 to 5%. More preferably, it is 0.1 to 3%, and still more preferably 0.3 to 1%. Compounds that strongly enhance agglutination tend to increase the likelihood of non-specific agglutination at concentrations above 5%. At a low concentration of 0.05% or less, the effect may not be sufficiently expected.
- the water-soluble polymer compound polyethylene glycol, dextran, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like can be used.
- the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is preferably 6000 to 2000000 s.
- These water-soluble polymer compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a necessary amount can be added in advance to the reagent containing the particle carrier.
- a water-soluble high molecular compound can be mixed as a reagent different from the particle carrier.
- a water-soluble polymer compound can be added to a sample diluent. Further, it may be added to a plurality of reagents to be mixed and a diluent.
- a two-reagent system is used, which is contained in a first reagent such as a buffer solution, mixed with a second reagent containing a carrier, and used for measurement.
- a first reagent such as a buffer solution
- a second reagent containing a carrier and used for measurement.
- the heterophilic antibody is contained in the first reagent.
- hetero antibody and other substances for absorbing non-specific substances and substances for absorbing rheumatoid factor can be added.
- the improvement of the reaction efficiency by the incubation before the application of the voltage pulse according to the present invention can also be applied to the aggregation inhibition reaction. That is, the present invention provides a method for measuring an affinity substance, which comprises the following steps. Incubation conditions are the same as those described above. Also for agglutination prevention reaction system! In addition, a water-soluble polymer compound can be added to the reaction solution.
- step (2 ′) a step of applying a voltage pulse to the reaction solution of step (1 ′) in the presence of the agglutinating reagent component, (3 ′) a carrier formed by bonding with the agglutinating reagent after step (2 ′) Counting the particle agglomerates and / or carrier particles whose aggregation has been inhibited by binding to the affinity substance to be measured;
- step (3 ') determine the level of the substance to be measured based on the difference between the level of aggregate formation and the level of carrier particles that did not form aggregates, or both.
- incubation of the reaction solution before application of the voltage pulse is effective in promoting the aggregation reaction of the carrier particles.
- the higher the incubation temperature the greater the effect.
- the temperature of the reaction solution to which the voltage pulse is applied rises due to Joule heat.
- the heat generated in a conductor when current flows through it is Joule heat.
- the present inventor has found that the high temperature conditions in the incubation act on the agglutination reaction in an accelerated manner, whereas the rise in temperature upon application of a voltage pulse acts on the agglutination reaction in an inhibitory manner. Therefore, it is the IJ that keeps the temperature of the reaction solution low when applying voltage.
- the present invention provides a method for aggregating carrier particles, which comprises a step of applying a voltage pulse to a reaction solution containing carrier particles bound with a binding partner having a binding activity to a specific substance and the specific substance.
- the present invention further provides a method characterized in that a voltage is applied and the temperature of the reaction solution during the reaction is set to 0 ° C. to 20 ° C.
- the method of the present invention can be used, for example, for a method of measuring an affinity substance using aggregation of carrier particles as an index. More specifically, the present invention provides a method for measuring an affinity substance, which comprises the following steps. (1) A voltage pulse was applied to the reaction mixture containing the carrier particles to which the binding partner having the binding activity to the affinity substance to be measured and the affinity substance to be measured were mixed at 0 ° C to 20 ° C. Applying a pulse,
- step (1) aggregates of carrier particles formed by binding to the affinity substance to be measured and those that do not form aggregates without binding to the affinity substance to be measured. Counting the slippage or both of the carrier particles, and
- Step (2) Step of determining the level of the substance to be measured based on either or both of the level of aggregate formation and the level of carrier particles that do not form aggregates after step (2)
- the present invention provides a method for measuring an affinity substance, comprising the following steps.
- step (2 ') determine the level of the substance to be measured based on the difference between the level of aggregate formation and the level of carrier particles that did not form aggregates, or both.
- the temperature at the time of applying a voltage pulse is usually 0 to 20 ° C., for example, 0 to 15 ° C., preferably 118 ° C., or 2 to 4 ° C.
- the application of the voltage pulse raises the temperature of the reaction solution. Therefore, in order to keep the temperature of the reaction solution low, it is advantageous to use cooling means.
- a Peltier device can be used as a suitable cooling means for locally creating a low-temperature environment.
- a Peltier device is an electronic device made of a semiconductor using the Peltier effect discovered by Peltier (Jean Charles A. Peltier). When a direct current is applied to N-type and P-type semiconductors, one of the semiconductors absorbs the temperature and the other releases heat (heat exchange phenomenon).
- the temperature on the side where the temperature is absorbed decreases and cools.
- Commercially available Peltier devices usually have a cooling capacity of around -10 ° C. Peltier The cooling capacity of the element can be freely controlled by the current supplied to the semiconductor. Therefore, while applying the voltage pulse, the temperature of the reaction solution is monitored by the temperature sensor, and the temperature of the reaction solution is maintained within a predetermined temperature range by operating the Peltier element as necessary. be able to.
- the reaction solution is sufficiently cooled at the time of applying the voltage pulse and the temperature of the reaction solution is within a predetermined range even after the application of the voltage pulse, cooling at the time of applying the voltage pulse is not necessarily required.
- the temperature of the reaction solution at the end of the application of the voltage pulse is 20 ° C or less, the required temperature condition can be satisfied without cooling during the application. If the reaction solution can be sufficiently cooled in advance, and if necessary, the temperature rise in the environment where the reaction solution is placed can be suppressed, then active cooling during the application of voltage noise is not essential! .
- the reaction solution to which the voltage pulse is applied can be pre-incubated.
- the conditions for the incubation are as described above. If the reaction is incubated at a high temperature of 37-90 ° C, cool it down sufficiently before applying the voltage pulse. Since the volume of the reaction solution is usually 1 mL or less, the reaction solution can be cooled in a very short time.
- the conditions are preferably those in the present invention.
- the mechanism by which the temperature rise at the time of applying the voltage pulse inhibits the aggregation reaction can be considered as follows.
- the alignment and dispersion of the carrier particles are repeated.
- dispersion of the carrier particles is effective.
- the alignment of the carrier particles is effective in forming a plurality of aggregates by crosslinking a plurality of carrier particles by bonding with an affinity substance (or an agglutinating reagent component).
- the carrier particles may not be aligned sufficiently.
- the state in which the temperature of the reaction solution is increased can be said to be a state in which the carrier particles contained in the reaction solution undergo strong browning, making it difficult to align the carrier particles when a voltage is applied.
- the alignment of the carrier particles due to the application of the voltage is inhibited, and the aggregation reaction is inhibited.
- the carrier particles can be sufficiently aligned by applying the voltage, Inhibition of the reaction can be suppressed.
- the reaction solution of a general agglutination reaction is less than 0.75 mPas. At such a viscosity, the movement of the carrier particles is not suppressed, and the aggregation reaction may be inhibited. On the other hand, the present inventors have confirmed that the aggregation reaction can efficiently proceed at a viscosity of 0.8 mPas or more.
- the present invention provides a method for aggregating carrier particles, which comprises a step of applying a voltage pulse to a reaction solution containing the carrier particles bound with a binding partner having a binding activity with a specific substance and the specific substance.
- a method is provided wherein the viscosity of the reaction solution during application of a voltage is 0.8 mPas or more.
- the present invention provides a method for measuring an affinity substance, which comprises the following steps, wherein the viscosity of the reaction solution is 0.8 mPas or more.
- step (1) aggregates of carrier particles formed by binding to the affinity substance to be measured and those that do not form aggregates without binding to the affinity substance to be measured. Counting the slippage or both of the carrier particles, and
- Step (2) Step of determining the level of the substance to be measured based on either or both of the level of aggregate formation and the level of carrier particles that do not form aggregates after step (2)
- the present invention provides a method for measuring an affinity substance, comprising the following steps, wherein the viscosity of the reaction solution is 0.8 mPas or more.
- step (1 ′) any of the aggregates of the carrier particles formed by the binding with the agglutinating reagent and the carrier particles whose aggregation was inhibited by the binding to the affinity substance to be measured. Counting fog or both, and (3) After step (2 '), determine the level of the substance to be measured based on the difference between the level of aggregate formation and the level of carrier particles that did not form aggregates, or both.
- the viscosity of the reaction solution is usually 0.8 mPas or more, for example, 13 mPas, and preferably 12 mPas.
- the viscosity of the reaction solution can be adjusted by adding a compound capable of adjusting the viscosity.
- a compound capable of adjusting the viscosity any compound that does not interfere with the binding between the affinity substance and the binding partner can be used.
- the viscosity of the reaction solution can be increased by adding bovine serum albumin, casein, glycerin, sucrose, or choline. The addition amount of these compounds can be appropriately selected, for example, from 0.05 to 5%.
- the viscosity of the reaction solution is 0.1-3%, and still more preferably 0.3-1%. Further, even if the composition of the reaction solution is the same, the viscosity generally increases as the temperature of the reaction solution decreases. Therefore, application of a voltage pulse under low temperature conditions is effective in increasing the viscosity of the reaction solution.
- a person skilled in the art can set an appropriate addition amount by adding these compounds to the reaction solution and measuring the viscosity under a temperature condition of applying a voltage pulse.
- Methods for determining the viscosity of a liquid are known. Generally, a rotary viscometer, an ultrasonic viscometer, a vibration viscometer, or the like is used.
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring an affinity substance, comprising the following steps (1)-(3) or (1 ′)-(3 ′). ), A step of diluting the reaction solution by means for strengthening the binding between the affinity substance and the binding partner or between the agglutinating reagent and the binding partner.
- step (1) aggregates of carrier particles formed by binding to the affinity substance to be measured and those that do not form aggregates without binding to the affinity substance to be measured. Counting the slippage or both of the carrier particles, and
- step (2) determine the level of the substance to be measured based on the force of the formation of aggregates and / or the level of the carrier particles that do not form aggregates, or both.
- a step of applying a voltage pulse to a reaction mixture obtained by mixing a carrier particle to which a binding partner having a binding activity with an affinity substance to be measured and an affinity substance to be assayed are mixed with an agglutinating reagent component.
- the carrier particles are aggregated by an agglutinating reagent, and the aggregation is inhibited by an affinity substance to be measured;
- the binding between the affinity substance and the binding partner or between the aggregation reagent and the binding partner can be enhanced.
- a method of diluting the reaction solution under the condition of applying a voltage pulse is a preferable dilution method in the present invention. More specifically, dilution is performed by adding a reaction solution to a diluent to which a voltage pulse has been applied. The diluent is placed between the electrodes and a voltage pulse is applied. In other words, the diluent is placed between the opposing electrodes.
- the size of the electrode and the interval between the electrodes are not particularly limited, as long as the reaction solution is diluted under the condition that a voltage pulse is applied. That is, it is characterized in that the initial contact between the reaction solution and the diluent after Pearl Chaining is performed in an electric field sandwiching the counter electrode.
- the electrode size is (width) 2-12mm X (length) 10-50mm X (thickness) 0.01-0.04mm, and the distance between electrodes is 5-20mm. Almost the same effect has been confirmed.
- the voltage pulse is preferably an AC voltage.
- the voltage pulse may be applied under any conditions that do not induce electrolysis of the reaction solution and the diluent.
- the voltage of the voltage pulse is, for example, from 0.2 V to 1.2 V, more preferably from 0.3 V to 0.9 V.
- the frequency of the voltage pulse is, for example, 2 KHz to 20 MHz, more preferably ⁇ to 500 KHz. Voltage Any waveform can be used for the pulse. Specifically, a square wave, a sine wave, a triangular wave, or the like can be shown. A more preferred voltage pulse is a square wave.
- the voltage pulse be applied at least in a time zone including the moment when the reaction solution and the diluting solution come into contact with each other. Even if the application time is very short, the effect of strengthening the binding upon dilution can be expected. More specifically, it is 0.5-30 seconds, usually 110 seconds, for example 115 seconds.
- a solution containing a salt can be used.
- physiological saline, glycine buffer, phosphate buffer and the like to which 50 mM to 600 mM salt is added can be used.
- the salt include sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt and the like.
- the diluent may contain a preservative such as sodium azide, a surfactant such as Triton X-100, glycerin, sucrose and the like.
- the binding reaction between the affinity substance (or the aggregation reagent) constituting the aggregate and the binding partner is strengthened. This is probably because the dipole moment effect due to the electric field generated by the voltage pulse strengthens the coupling between the two. In any case, it was confirmed that by the dilution under the voltage pulse application condition, the collapse of the aggregate was suppressed, and the dilution of the reaction solution could be realized while maintaining the aggregate.
- a binding enhancer capable of strengthening the binding between the two can be used as a diluting means capable of strengthening the binding between the affinity substance and the binding partner, or the aggregation reagent and the binding partner.
- the binding enhancer refers to a component capable of strengthening the binding between the two by addition of syrup to the reaction solution.
- the binding between proteins is enhanced by the addition of a compound such as glutaraldehyde or carbodiimide. Therefore, the immunological binding between the protein antigen and the antibody can be enhanced by daltaraldehyde or carbodiimide. These compounds are preferred as the binding enhancer in the present invention.
- the binding enhancer acts on the functional groups of the affinity substance and the binding partner to bind the two to each other.
- the binding between the agglutination reagent and the binding partner is strengthened.
- the aggregate formed by the combination of the two physically acquires a high degree of stability.
- affinity substances or agglutination reagents and binding parts If the protein is a protein, there are amino groups ⁇ carboxy groups in the molecule. These functional groups are cross-linked with chemicals such as dataraldehyde and carbodiimide.
- the concentration of the binding enhancer in the reaction solution can be appropriately set according to the type of the binding enhancer. More specifically, for example, in the case of daltaldehyde, the final concentration in the reaction solution is usually 0.1 to 25%, preferably 0.2 to 18%.
- the binding enhancer may be added to the reaction solution before diluting the reaction solution containing the conjugate of the affinity substance and the binding partner.
- the reaction solution after the addition of the binding enhancer can be diluted after incubation at 37 ° C. for several seconds to about 20 seconds, preferably 2 to 10 seconds, or 2 to 5 seconds. In the case where daltaraldehyde or carbodiimide is used as the binding enhancer, it can be diluted immediately after addition to the reaction solution.
- a binding enhancer is effective as a dilution step in the present invention.
- a binding enhancer can be further combined with the above-mentioned dilution step under a voltage / noise application condition. That is, after adding the binding enhancer to the reaction solution, the reaction solution can be diluted under the voltage pulse application condition in accordance with the conditions described above. Alternatively, the reaction solution can be diluted using a diluent to which a binding enhancer has been added under the conditions of applying a voltage pulse according to the conditions described above. By combining the two, the effect of strengthening the bond is enhanced.
- the term "dilution of a reaction solution” means that the concentration of carrier particles in the reaction solution is reduced by mixing the reaction solution and the diluent.
- the concentration of the carrier particles in the reaction solution is determined by the amount of the sample and the amount of the carrier particles supplied as a reagent.
- the concentration of the carrier particles in the reaction solution is usually set to a range in which the aggregation of the carrier particles can be promoted by Pearl Chaining. Specifically, the concentration of the carrier particles in the reaction solution is usually 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight.
- an affinity substance and a binding part having an activity of binding to the affinity substance includes any combination of substances capable of forming a binding reaction. That is, when a substance and a substance bind, one is an affinity substance and the other is a binding partner.
- the affinity substance and the binding partner in the present invention can be natural substances or artificially synthesized conjugates.
- the affinity substance and the binding partner can be purified substances, and coexistence of impurities is allowed.
- the affinity substance and the binding partner may be present on the surface of a cell or a virus.
- the following reaction can be shown as an example of the binding reaction between the affinity substance and the binding partner.
- Any of the substances constituting these reactions can be an affinity substance or a binding partner in the present invention.
- a preferable binding reaction in the present invention can be, for example, an immunological reaction.
- the following substances can be shown as antigens constituting an immune response.
- Coagulation wire fusion marker
- Infectious disease markers such as protein C, protein S, antithrombin (AT) III, FDP, FDP—D—dimer
- Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH
- prolactin prolactin
- insulin etc.
- Tissue components Myoglobin, myosin, hemoglobin, etc.
- antigens may be present not only in the antigen molecule itself, but also in fragments thereof or on the cell surface.
- These substances are examples of antigenic substances, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to other antigenic substances.
- any antigenic substance that can be measured based on immunological agglutination using latex, blood cells or the like as a carrier can be used as the affinity substance in the present invention.
- an antigenic substance and an antibody recognizing it can use V or any of them as an affinity substance and the other as a binding partner.
- the affinity substance is referred to as an affinity substance when the substance is an object to be measured.
- a binding partner refers to a substance that can be used as a probe to measure an affinity substance and has a binding activity for the affinity substance. Therefore, when measuring an antigen, an antibody can be used as a binding partner. Conversely, when measuring an antibody, an antigen recognized by the antibody can be used as a binding partner.
- any antibody that can be measured based on immunological agglutination using latex, blood cells or the like as a carrier can be used as the affinity substance in the present invention.
- Antibodies to HBs hepatitis B virus surface antigen
- HBc hepatitis B virus core antigen
- HCV hepatitis C
- HIV AIDS virus
- TP syphilis
- reaction principles for measuring the reaction between an affinity substance and a binding partner using aggregation of carrier particles as an index are known. Any of these reaction principles can be applied to the present invention. The following is an example of a measurement principle using the reaction between an affinity substance and a binding partner, using the aggregation of carrier particles as an index.
- Aggregation of the carrier particles due to the reaction between the substance to be measured and the binding partner on the carrier particles is detected.
- an antigen molecule is measured by an antibody that is a binding partner
- force is included in this principle.
- an antibody as an affinity substance is measured using an aggregation of carrier particles bound with an antigen as an index
- Direct agglutination reaction In, the level of the aggregated particles and the amount of the affinity substance, which is the substance to be measured, are usually directly proportional. In a direct agglutination reaction, the level of agglutination is usually directly proportional to the amount of a humic substance to be measured.
- the level (ie, concentration) of the affinity substance is high. Conversely, when the level of force carrier particles that do not form agglomerates is high, the level (ie, concentration) of the affinity substance is low.
- a low molecular weight antigen called a hapten makes it difficult to form a cross-linked structure via an antigen necessary for aggregation of carrier particles. Therefore, the hapten cannot be detected by the principle of the direct agglutination reaction. For this reason, an agglutination reaction by the binding of a polyhapten obtained by binding a plurality of molecules of a hapten or a fragment containing the epitope to a carrier and an antibody on the carrier particles is used. Polynopten can crosslink a plurality of antibody molecules, and thus aggregate carrier particles. However, the presence of the noptene inhibits the reaction between the polyhapten and the antibody and prevents aggregation of the carrier particles.
- the level of aggregation inhibition is directly proportional to the presence of the hapten.
- the amount of the substance to be measured is inversely proportional to the level of the agglutination reaction. That is, when the level of aggregate formation is high, the level (ie, concentration) of the affinity substance is low. Conversely, when the level of carrier particles that do not form aggregates is high, the level (ie, concentration) of the affinity substance is high.
- the antigens to be measured classified as haptens include the following components.
- a component capable of aggregating carrier particles bound with an antibody against the hapten is required.
- a component capable of aggregating carrier particles to which an antibody against a hapten is bound is referred to as an agglutinating reagent.
- An agglutinating reagent is defined as a reagent that has a specific affinity for an antibody and has an action of crosslinking a carrier particle by binding to an antibody.
- the polyhaptens described above can be used as agglutinating reagents in hapten measurements.
- a standard sample containing a certain amount of an affinity substance is measured in advance in the same reaction system.
- a standard curve or regression equation can be prepared by measuring the level of the carrier particles. Applying either the level of aggregate formation or the level of unagglomerated carrier particles obtained from the sample measurement to a standard curve or regression equation can determine the level of affinity material in the sample. it can.
- the binding partner is used by binding to carrier particles.
- the carrier particles of the present invention include latex particles, kaolin, colloidal gold, red blood cells, gelatin, liposomes and the like.
- the latex particles those generally used in an agglutination reaction can be used.
- Polystyrene latex, polybutyltoluene latex, and polymethacrylate latex particles are known.
- Preferred particle carriers are polystyrene-based latex particles.
- Latex particles having a functional group introduced to the surface of the latex particles by copolymerization of a monomer having a functional group can also be used. For example, it has functional groups such as carboxy group -COOH, hydroxyl group OH, amino group -NH, sulfone group SO, etc.
- Latex particles are known.
- a binding partner can be chemically bonded to the latex particles having a functional group.
- the average particle size of the carrier particles is, for example, 0.5 to 10 m, more preferably 1 to 10 m, and most preferably 2 to 5 m in the case of latex particles. Also, by using elliptical particles having a large dielectric polarization, smaller carrier particles can be used.
- particles having the same size as the latex particles can be used.
- the average particle size of the carrier particles is preferably 0.3 to 20 m.
- the binding partner and the particle carrier can be bound by a method according to each material.
- a person skilled in the art can appropriately select a method for combining the two.
- proteins such as antigens, antibodies, or fragments thereof can be physically adsorbed to latex particles.
- a substituent capable of covalently bonding with the functional group can be bonded in a ligatory manner.
- a latex having a carboxyl group COOH can be bonded to an amino group-NH of a protein.
- the carrier particles having the binding partner bound thereto can be blocked if necessary. Specifically, by treating the surface of the carrier particles with an inactive protein, it is possible to prevent nonspecific binding of the protein to the surface of the carrier particles.
- an inactive protein pepsin albumin, skim milk powder and the like can be used.
- a surfactant or a saccharide can be added to the dispersion medium.
- an antibacterial agent can be added to the particle carrier in order to prevent the propagation of microorganisms.
- the present invention includes a step of applying a voltage pulse to a reaction solution containing carrier particles having an affinity substance and a binding partner bound thereto.
- a method of applying a voltage pulse to the reaction solution to cause an agglutination reaction is known (JP-A-7-83928).
- the application of the voltage pulse aligns the carrier particles along the electric field and promotes the binding reaction between the affinity substance and the binding partner on the carrier particles.
- the affinity substance and the carrier particles are aligned in the presence of the aggregation reagent.
- the agglutinating reagent can be contacted after the carrier particles are brought into contact with the affinity substance to be measured.
- the three components can be brought into contact at the same time by adding carrier particles after previously mixing the affinity substance to be measured and the aggregating reagent.
- the reaction between the agglutinating reagent and the binding partner forms an aggregate.
- the affinity substance inhibits the binding between the two.
- An AC component or a DC component can be used for the voltage pulse. Both can be combined arbitrarily.
- the reaction solution is prone to electrolysis! Therefore, AC voltage is preferable.
- a square wave, a rectangular wave, a sine wave, or the like can be used as the AC voltage.
- the power frequency of the AC voltage can be set arbitrarily according to the ionic strength of the reaction solution (reagent).
- the AC voltage is applied so as to obtain a field strength of 5-50 V / mm when indicated by the peak value. If the electrolytic strength is less than 5 V / mm, the carrier is hardly subjected to pearl chaining, and the promotion of the aggregation reaction is insufficient.
- the voltage is applied so as to obtain an electric field strength of 10 to 20 V / mm.
- the AC frequency is preferably ⁇ —10MHz! More preferably, the frequency is 50 KHz-1 MHz.
- the voltage pulse usually refers to a voltage having a wave or waveform in which the amplitude of a steady state force also transits and lasts for a finite time and returns to the original state.
- AC voltage is a typical voltage noise.
- AC voltage is a periodic function of time such that the average value of the voltage is zero.
- a voltage having a sine wave, a square wave, a square wave, or a sawtooth wave is obviously periodic in amplitude, and is included in the AC voltage.
- the area on the positive potential side is equal to the area on the negative potential side in any one cycle, and the total of the two is zero.
- Each area is the area defined by the horizontal axis (potential difference is 0) and the upper curve or the lower curve.
- a voltage pulse is applied to prevent electrolysis of the reaction solution. Therefore, if electrolysis of the reaction solution does not occur, or if it can be suppressed to a level that does not substantially interfere with the reaction, the sum of the positive potential and the negative potential is not 0! You can also.
- the square-wave or rectangular-wave voltage noise repeats a positive potential Z potential difference OZ a negative potential, and at least one of the positive potential and the negative potential has a constant voltage.
- the time from the state where the potential difference of the square wave or the rectangular wave is 0 to the next state of 0 is the pulse width.
- a square wave is a voltage noise that has a substantially square shape when a change in voltage is drawn on a graph in which the vertical axis represents voltage and the horizontal axis represents time.
- the square includes a square and a rectangle.
- a square wave contains a square. This is a voltage pulse having a rectangular shape. Therefore, the square wave is included in the square wave.
- a preferable pulse width is usually 50 sec or less.
- a preferable pulse width is, for example, 0.1 to 10 ⁇ sec.
- the time of the state of the potential difference ⁇ constituting a square wave or a rectangular wave is not limited. Generally, the potential difference becomes 0 at the moment of transition between the positive potential and the negative potential. However, a voltage pulse in which the state where the potential difference is 0 is longer and continues for a longer time can be used in the present invention. For example, between the repetition of the positive potential Z having a pulse width of 0.1 to 10 sec, the potential difference of 0.1 to 100 sec may include a state where the potential difference is 0.
- the number of times of applying the voltage pulse to the reaction solution in step (1) or (1 ') is not limited. That is, the voltage pulse can be intermittently applied one or more times, for example, 110 times, usually 110 times, or 115 times.
- the intermittent application repeats the dispersion and alignment of the carrier particles. As a result, the chance of contact between the binding partner on the carrier particle and the affinity substance or the aggregating reagent increases. That is, a reaction promoting effect can be expected by applying the intermittent voltage pulse.
- the voltage pulse when the voltage pulse is applied a plurality of times, the voltage pulse can be applied to the reaction solution from different directions.
- the carrier particles can be dispersed during the application of the voltage pulse a plurality of times. By intervening the dispersion step, the effect of further increasing the chance of contact between the binding partner and the affinity substance or the aggregating reagent can be expected.
- the carrier particles can be dispersed during application of a voltage pulse by stirring, shaking, or shaking the reaction solution.
- the concentration of carrier particles in the reaction system disclosed in JP-A-7-83928 is preferably 0.01-1% by weight, more preferably 0.025-0% in the case of latex particles, for example. 5% by weight, the most preferred concentration is 0.05-0.1% by weight.
- concentration of carrier particles in the reaction system disclosed in JP-A-7-83928 is preferably 0.01-1% by weight, more preferably 0.025-0% in the case of latex particles, for example. 5% by weight, the most preferred concentration is 0.05-0.1% by weight.
- Such a particle concentration is not always the optimum condition in Pearl Chaini-Dai. In other words, in the method of counting aggregates based on two-dimensional information, specific identification of aggregates was realized by sacrificing particle concentration.
- the concentration of the carrier particles can be determined in consideration of the balance between the affinity substance to be measured and the binding partner having the binding activity. Aggregates are specifically detected even if a high carrier particle concentration is selected.
- the concentration of carrier particles in the reaction system is, for example, in the case of latex particles, preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight. This concentration range is twice to ten times that of the two-dimensional information-based method.
- the optimal carrier particle concentration can be appropriately adjusted according to the size of the carrier particles, the measurement sensitivity of the affinity substance to be measured, and the like.
- a salt that promotes an agglutination reaction can be added to the reaction solution.
- the addition of a salt at a relatively high concentration of 10 mM or more can promote the agglutination reaction.
- the salt concentration is 600 mM or more in the reaction system, electrolysis of the reaction solution is likely to occur, which is not preferable.
- a more preferred salt concentration is 10-300 mM, and a most preferred salt concentration is 25-150 mM.
- the biological sample itself may contain a salt that promotes the agglutination reaction, it is advisable to adjust the salt concentration of the reagent so that the final salt concentration in the reaction solution falls within the above range.
- the DC component is used as the voltage pulse. In some cases, electrolysis occurs even in a reaction solution with a salt concentration of about 6 mM, so that it is difficult to measure biospecific agglutination in the presence of salt.
- the salt in the present invention can be selected from those that promote a biologically specific agglutination reaction. Examples include, but are not limited to, sodium salt sodium, potassium salt sodium, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and ammonium chloride. Molar conductivity is 10mM,
- Salts exhibiting a value of not less than 100 ⁇ 2 / ( ⁇ ′ ⁇ ) in an aqueous solution at 25 ° C. are preferred as salts used in the present invention. More specifically, for example, sodium salt of sodium chloride, potassium salt of sodium salt, ammonium chloride, and the like are preferred, and they can be shown as salts.
- the specimen containing the affinity substance is not limited. That is, any sample containing the affinity substance to be measured can be used as the specimen.
- any sample containing the affinity substance to be measured can be used as the specimen.
- blood samples, locally collected samples such as the pharynx, saliva, sputum, urine, or stool are typical biological samples.
- any biological material collected from a living body can be used in the present invention as a specimen for measuring a biological substance.
- cultures obtained by culturing these biological samples can also be used as the specimen of the present invention.
- the biological material can be used as a specimen as it is or after processing as needed.
- a biomaterial can be used as a specimen after processing such as fractionation, dilution, dissolution, and extraction.
- the sample may be used in the measurement after it has been removed from a stock solution or automatically diluted.
- the dilution ratio can be set arbitrarily.
- two or more reagents can be added sequentially.
- Examples of the reagents constituting the two reagents include the following reagents.
- a reagent for decomposing and causing Z or absorbing a substance causing a non-specific reaction in advance can be used.
- a reagent is useful as a reagent containing a non-specific inhibitor.
- the reagent containing the non-specific inhibitor is combined with the reagent containing the carrier particles to form two reagents.
- the reagent containing the non-specific inhibitor can be mixed in advance with the specimen, for example.
- a conventionally well-known inhibitor can be used as the nonspecific inhibitor.
- globulins such as rheumatoid factor
- Non-specific inhibitors are used to prevent the interference of globulins with Immunoassey.
- an antibody recognizing globulin can absorb its non-specific effects.
- Rheumatoid factor is IgG or IgM-derived globulin. Therefore, rheumatoid factor can be absorbed using an anti-human IgG antibody or an anti-human IgM antibody.
- a method for preventing interference by decomposing a non-specific causative substance is known. Specifically, it is known that globulins can be decomposed by reduction and their interference can be suppressed. Globulins are reduced by dithiothreitol or 2-mercaptoethanol.
- two or more kinds of reagents containing carrier particles to which binding partners having different binding activities are bound can be combined. With such a configuration, different types of the substances to be measured can be simultaneously measured. Each reagent can be added individually. Alternatively, a plurality of reagents can be mixed in advance and then mixed with the sample.
- the sample and the reagent are mixed in advance before applying a voltage. Both can be physically mixed using a stirrer. Alternatively, both can be mixed by an electric method. Examples of the electrical method include a method of physically moving the position of the carrier particles by intermittent application of voltage norses in different directions.
- reaction solution in which the necessary components are mixed moves to the tank where the electrodes are arranged, and a voltage pulse is applied. If the reaction solution is pre-incubated before the application of the voltage pulse, the reaction solution is incubated after and / or before the transfer to the tank provided with the electrodes.
- an electric field is applied, the carrier particles undergo dielectric polarization and attract electrostatically to form a linear array. This phenomenon is called Pearl Chain Dani. After that, when the electric field is stopped, the carrier particles are re-dispersed instantaneously.
- the carrier particles remain in an aggregated state without being dispersed even after the electric field is stopped.
- the presence or absence of the affinity substance can be detected or measured by measuring both or any of the thus formed aggregates and non-agglomerated carrier particles.
- the measurement method of the present invention provides an aggregation of carrier particles formed by binding to an affinity substance to be measured and an ability to form an aggregate without binding to the affinity substance to be measured.
- One or both of the carrier particles are counted as an index.
- particles can be measured after stopping the electric field.
- particles placed in an electric field can be measured without stopping the electric field.
- particles placed in an electric field can be counted by also extracting the neutral force of the electric field.
- a step of dispersing the particles can be performed before counting the particles. By the dispersion step before counting, particles aggregated due to non-specific factors can be dispersed. As a result, improvement in measurement accuracy can be expected.
- the particles are dispersed by stirring or diluting the reaction solution.
- a known method can be used. For example, methods for determining the level of aggregation based on two-dimensional information are known. That is, a microscope image of the reaction solution is scanned, and either or both of the aggregated and non-aggregated particles occupying a unit area are counted.
- carrier particles can be counted using three-dimensional information as an index.
- counting using three-dimensional information as an index refers to measuring three-dimensional information of particles and Z or agglomerates, and counting particles and Z or agglomerates based on the results. .
- Counting of carrier particles based on three-dimensional information is preferred as a counting method in the present invention.
- the method for measuring three-dimensional information is not limited!
- the term “counting” in the present invention refers to finding the number of particles and Z or agglomerates.
- the number of particles and Z or agglomerates can be measured simply.
- the aggregated particles can be measured separately from the non-aggregated particles. Further, for the aggregated particles, the number of aggregates can be measured for each number of aggregated particles.
- Several methods are known for counting particles using three-dimensional information as an index.
- the physical measurement method refers to a measurement method capable of evaluating physical information unique to particles or aggregates. Physical information specific to a particle or agglomerate can be translated into a true measurement.
- the method of analyzing the two-dimensional information acquired from the image information force detects an overlap of particles that are not actually aggregated as an aggregate. Such detection results cannot be said to be physical information unique to particles.
- a flow system is a system that can analyze physical information of particles passing through a fine flow cell. By using a flow system, physical measurements can be easily performed. That is, the physical measurement in the present invention includes a step of measuring and counting one or both of the three-dimensional information of particles and aggregates by a flow system. As a method for physically counting particles using three-dimensional information as an index, for example, the Coulter principle or the laser diffraction scattering method can be shown.
- the Coulter principle (USPA2656508, 1953) is an analysis in which electrodes are placed on both sides of an aperture (pores) and the volume of the particles is detected based on the change in electrical resistance due to the particles passing through the aperture. Is the way.
- a minute current is applied between the two electrodes through the electrolyte, particles suspended in the electrolyte are sucked and pass through the aperture, whereby the electrolyte corresponding to the particle volume is replaced by the particles.
- a change occurs in the electrical resistance between the two electrodes.
- the particle count and size (volume) can be measured.
- There is a capacitance method as a method for detecting the volume but the electric resistance method is practically used in most cases.
- the aperture size can be appropriately adjusted according to the particles to be analyzed.
- the aperture size can be usually 30 to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 200 ⁇ m. .
- the aperture size is several times to several hundred times the average particle size of the carrier particles, for example, several times to 100 times, preferably 5 to 50 times. In this case, a signal proportional to the volume can be detected, and accurate and highly sensitive measurement can be realized.
- the aperture size is 30-100 ⁇ m, preferably 50-80 ⁇ m.
- m for example, a force in the range of 65-75 ⁇ m can also be selected.
- the carrier particles having a size of 2-3 ⁇ m are particularly preferred as the particle size in the method for measuring a hydrophilic substance according to the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a method for measuring an affinity substance, comprising the following steps.
- step (1) aggregates of carrier particles formed by binding to the affinity substance to be measured and those that do not form aggregates without binding to the affinity substance to be measured. Counting one or both of the petri particles by the principle of a coater having an aperture size of 50 to 80 ⁇ m, using the three-dimensional information as an index, or
- any of the aggregates of the carrier particles formed by the binding with the agglutinating reagent and the carrier particles whose aggregation was inhibited by the binding to the affinity substance to be measured are based on the Coulter principle with an aperture size of 50-80 ⁇ m.
- step (2) or (2 ') the substance to be measured is determined based on the level of agglomerate formation and / or the level of carrier particles that did not form agglomerates! The process of determining the level of
- the smaller the size of the aperture the more accurately non-aggregated particles can be counted.
- the agglomerated particles become clogged in the aperture.
- a blockage of the aperture causes a decrease in analysis efficiency. Reducing the frequency of clogging will improve the analysis efficiency. For example, when it is expected that a large amount of aggregated particles will be generated, clogging of the aperture can be prevented by setting the size of the aperture to be large. Alternatively, the same effect can be expected by using carrier particles having a small particle size.
- dilution of the sample can reduce the percentage of aggregated particles and prevent clogging of the aperture.
- appropriate conditions should be selected according to the expected detection sensitivity, the expected concentration of the target substance, and the equipment configuration (especially the size of an aperture).
- the ratio of the aggregated particles refers to the ratio of the aggregated particles to all the counted particles.
- the ratio of the aggregated particles is called an agglutination ratio.
- a standard curve can be obtained by determining the agglutination rate of a standard sample whose concentration is already high and plotting the relationship between the two on a graph.
- collating the agglutination rate of the sample the concentration of the affinity substance to be measured contained in the sample can be clarified.
- the standard curve may be represented as a regression equation. Once the regression equation is obtained, it is easier to calculate the concentration of the affinity substance to be measured by substituting the aggregation rate into the regression equation.
- the laser diffraction / scattering method is to measure the number of particles and the average diameter by detecting fluctuations generated when a particle is irradiated with a laser.
- Centrifugal sedimentation method A method of measuring the particle size distribution by the Stotas equation showing the relationship between the sedimentation speed of particles in liquid and the particle size. (The light transmission centrifugal sedimentation method applies the Stotas law, and uses the fact that particles with the same specific gravity sediment faster than particles with a smaller specific gravity. The particle size distribution can be obtained by analyzing the change in turbidity due to this.)
- Poiseuille fluid is generated when the Reynolds number force S of a viscous fluid flowing through a capillary is small. Since this flow is slower at the center of the capillary and faster at the wall of the tube, large particles flow on average in a fast flux and small particles flow on average in a slow flux. In other words, when particles flow through a fixed length cavity, they are separated and detected by size due to the difference in the moving speed.
- Three-dimensional image analysis Analyzing multiple image information taken from different directions, it is possible to obtain three-dimensional information of particles.
- three-dimensional information of particles can be obtained by scanning the image information on the xy plane in the z-axis direction.
- agglomerated (or weak) carrier particles are counted.
- the affinity substance to be measured is qualitatively or quantitatively measured.
- the presence of aggregated particles means the presence of an affinity substance to be measured.
- the presence of an object to be measured is proved when inhibition of agglutination is detected.
- the level of aggregation can be related to the amount of the affinity substance to be measured. More specifically, the measurement method of the present invention is performed on a sample in which the amount of the affinity substance is known in advance, and the relationship between the detection result of the aggregated particles and the amount of the affinity substance is clarified. Next, the same measurement is performed on the sample, and the amount of the affinity substance can be clarified from the detection result of the aggregated particles based on the deposition. Even in the case of an agglutination inhibition reaction, a quantitative measurement can be similarly performed.
- the number of particles agglomerated into two or more such as the total number of Z particles, the number of single particles, or the total number of Z particles, may be used. You can also select the operation formula.
- the total number of particles may be the number of all particles measured within a certain measurement time, or when the entire amount of the reaction solution is to be analyzed, Literally, it can be the total number of particles contained in the reaction solution. When the total volume of the reaction solution is clear, the total number of particles contained in the reaction solution can be approximately calculated by counting a part of the total volume.
- an affinity substance based on the number of particles and Z or agglomerates detected over a certain period of time by an electric resistance method, a laser diffraction scattering method, or the like. it can.
- single particles are aggregated to form aggregates by the aggregation reaction, and the number of particles counted per time is reduced.
- the time required to count a predetermined number of particles and Z or agglomerates can be used as an index.
- the relationship between the number of particles and Z or aggregates, respectively, and the amount of the affinity substance can be expressed as a regression equation.
- the aggregation rate expressed by the number of particles agglomerated into two or more Z and the total number of particles converges to 1.00 (100%).
- the method of measuring three-dimensional information of particles is simpler in terms of equipment configuration than the method of analyzing two-dimensional image data. High precision analysis can be expected.
- the volume of the reaction solution is limited.
- the flow analysis method can be applied, so that the volume of the reaction solution is not limited.
- the physical shape of the reaction space is not limited.
- the equipment configuration is simple. The ability to freely set the volume of the reaction solution contributes to improved reproducibility and detection sensitivity.
- the present invention can also be applied to an aggregation inhibition reaction system.
- the principle of the immunological particle agglutination method based on the agglutination inhibition reaction using the agglutinating reagent has been described above.
- the present invention can be applied to an immunological particle agglutination reaction.
- the application of the voltage pulse and the formation level of the aggregates, or the analysis of the carrier particles that did not form the aggregates, constituting the above steps can be performed by the method specifically described above.
- the present invention is carried out based on the principle of the aggregation inhibition reaction, two or more particles are required. It is desirable to select conditions under which more aggregates are formed. Alternatively, a method of evaluating the aggregation level using the single particle Z total particle number as an index is preferred. When based on the principle of the agglomeration prevention reaction, higher sensitivity can be expected by using such an arithmetic expression than by analysis based on the arithmetic expression of the number of particles agglomerated into two or more particles z the total number of particles .
- the present invention provides an apparatus for performing the measurement method. That is, the present invention provides a method for aggregating carrier particles, comprising means for applying a voltage pulse to a reaction solution containing carrier particles bound with a binding partner having a binding activity to a specific substance and the specific substance.
- an apparatus which comprises means for heating the temperature of a reaction solution to 37 ° C to 90 ° C.
- the present invention relates to a method for binding a carrier particle, comprising the following components, to which a binding partner having an activity of binding to an affinity substance to be measured is bound, and the affinity substance to be measured, Provided is a measuring device for measuring aggregation using an affinity substance or an agglutinating reagent as an index.
- Id a means for setting the temperature of the reaction solution to 0 ° C to 20 ° C when applying the pulse voltage
- FIG. 1 or FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of the measuring apparatus of the present invention including the above elements.
- the present invention also relates to a method for binding a carrier particle, which comprises a binding partner having a binding activity to an affinity substance to be measured, comprising the following elements and an affinity substance to be measured, with the carrier particles:
- a measurement device for measuring aggregation by an affinity substance or an aggregation reagent as an index is provided.
- FIG. 11 shows a configuration example of the measuring apparatus of the present invention including the above elements.
- any of the elements la and 2a can be used as the space for holding the reaction solution.
- a space for holding the reaction solution can be used as the space for holding the reaction solution.
- the space is small.
- a space of about 1 ⁇ L to 10 mL, preferably about 10 to 500 ⁇ L can be used.
- This space can be provided with a means for supplying a sample or a reagent, or a means for measuring carrier particles described later, as necessary.
- the reaction solution contained in the space is composed of carrier particles to which a binding partner having an activity of binding to the affinity substance to be measured is bound, and a sample containing the affinity substance to be measured.
- an agglutination reagent component is further added to the agglutination inhibition reaction system.
- the element la the space for holding the reaction solution is provided with lb: means for incubating the temperature of the reaction solution at 37 ° C-90 ° C.
- a temperature sensor and a heating means can be used.
- a heating means a heater or a Peltier element can be used.
- the means lc and 2b for applying a voltage pulse to the reaction solution in the present invention will be described.
- the voltage pulse is applied through an electrode in contact with the reaction solution.
- Electrodes for aligning carrier particles in an electric field are also used, for example, in the prior art documents described above. These known electrodes can be used in the present invention.
- the device according to the invention can be equipped with a power supply for supplying a voltage to the electrodes.
- the electrodes for applying a voltage pulse in the device of the present invention are composed of at least one set (two) of electrodes. More than two electrodes may be provided to provide a plurality of voltage pulses in different directions. For example, three electrodes A, B, and C can be arranged to apply voltage pulses in three directions between A and B, between B and C, and between A and C. In addition, two sets (four) of electrodes can be arranged and orthogonal voltage pulses can be applied.
- a mechanism for driving the electrodes to apply voltage pulses in different directions should be provided. You can. For example, by rotating an electrode in a reaction solution, a plurality of different directional forces can also apply a voltage pulse. Further, the apparatus of the present invention can be provided with means for stirring the reaction solution, means for shaking the reaction solution, or means for applying vibration to the reaction solution. Any of these means is useful as a means for dispersing the carrier particles during a plurality of voltage pulses.
- the apparatus of the present invention has a means for diluting the element 2c: reaction solution.
- a means for diluting a reaction solution may be hereinafter referred to as a diluting means.
- the diluting means is constituted by, for example, a mechanism for holding the diluting liquid, collecting at least a part of the reaction liquid, and mixing with the diluting liquid.
- the diluting means is constituted by a space capable of accommodating a diluting liquid giving a predetermined dilution factor.
- the dilution factor in the present invention is, for example, 100 times or more, usually 1000 times or more, specifically 1000 to 100000 times, and preferably ⁇ 2000 to 40000 times.
- the diluting means of the present invention preferably has a mechanism capable of strengthening the bond forming the aggregate.
- a diluting means capable of mixing a reaction solution and a diluting solution under voltage pulse application conditions is a preferable diluting means in the present invention.
- an electrode for applying a voltage pulse to the diluent can be arranged in the space for holding the diluent.
- the dilution means in the present invention can include a mechanism for adding a binding strength agent to the reaction solution.
- the structure for forming these aggregates and strengthening the bond can be provided alone or in combination.
- the apparatus of the present invention is provided with a means for adjusting the temperature of the reaction solution to 0 ° C to 20 ° C when Id: pulse voltage is applied.
- a temperature sensor and a Peltier element can be used as a preferable means for keeping the reaction solution at 0 ° C to 20 ° C.
- the apparatus of the present invention includes elements le and 2d: means for counting one or both of carrier particles and aggregates of carrier particles contained in the reaction solution.
- the counting means can be provided in the space. Alternatively, the reaction solution held in the space may be taken out of the space and introduced into the counting means, and then counted.
- the counting means includes, for example, a mechanism for analyzing the carrier particles contained in the diluted reaction solution. is there Alternatively, the particles can be counted after the diluted reaction solution is taken out of the space holding the diluent and introduced into the counting means.
- the carrier particles or agglomerates can be analyzed based on two-dimensional image information or three-dimensional physical information.
- a measuring means using the Coulter principle or the laser diffraction scattering method can be used.
- the Coulter principle for example, a reaction solution in the space is introduced into an aperture provided with electrodes for the Coulter principle, and necessary analysis is performed.
- the size of the aperture can be adjusted as appropriate based on the criteria described above. It is also possible to adopt a mechanism for switching and using a plurality of apertures having different sizes according to the particle diameter used for the reagent or the expected ratio of aggregated particles.
- the apparatus of the present invention can include a channel switching mechanism for guiding the reaction solution to a plurality of apertures.
- a mechanism for automatically selecting a flow path based on the type of reagent, the expected ratio of aggregated particles, and the like can be combined.
- the device of the present invention can be provided with a mechanism for automatically adjusting the detection sensitivity by switching the aperture size.
- a mechanism for adjusting the detection sensitivity for example, it is possible to show a mechanism for analyzing a relatively large aperture and one aperture size, and switching to a smaller aperture when the proportion of aggregated particles is predicted to be small one.
- the reaction solution may be introduced into an optical cell for analysis and analyzed.
- the analysis mechanism of carrier particles and Z or aggregates using three-dimensional information as an index is preferred as a counting means in the present invention.
- the carrier particles subjected to pearl chaining in an electric field can be counted after being redispersed as necessary.
- the device according to the invention can be equipped with a mechanism for redispersion of the carrier particles.
- the carrier particles can be redispersed by dilution or sonication.
- the elements (la)-(le) or the elements (2a)-(2d) constituting the device of the present invention can be arranged in one continuous channel.
- the measurement method of the present invention is implemented by configuring each element as a discontinuous space and moving the reaction solution between the elements.
- the device of the present invention can be combined with an additional mechanism for performing the above-described measurement method. Additional mechanisms that can be combined with the device of the present invention are exemplified below.
- O.lmg of anti-a phytoprotein (AFP) antibody (manufactured by Dako) was dissolved in ImL of glycine buffer (containing 50 mM glycine, 50 mM sodium chloride, 0.09% sodium azide, hereinafter abbreviated as GBS). After adding ImL of 2.0 m latex (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., 1% solids suspension) and stirring at 37 ° C for 2 hours, the sensitized latex was centrifuged to remove the supernatant. The precipitate was suspended in ImL of 0.5% bovine serum albumin glycine buffer (0.5% BSA-GBS) to prepare an anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent.
- GBS glycine buffer
- BSA-GBS bovine serum albumin glycine buffer
- the affinity substance (AFP) was measured by an antigen-antibody reaction using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 (A).
- the apparatus of FIG. 1 dispenses and mixes the sample and reagent 1 (buffer solution), and further dispenses and mixes reagent 2 (latex reagent) to form a reaction solution.
- a temperature control mechanism 2 is provided. However, actually, in the case of a one-reagent system, dispensing of reagent 1 (buffer solution) can be omitted.
- the reaction solution is moved to the reaction tank 3 (pulse application tank), and a voltage pulse is applied to the reaction solution via the electrode 4 for several seconds and for several tens seconds.
- the carrier particles placed in the electric field are pearl-chained.
- the reaction solution to which the voltage pulse has been applied is diluted in the dilution tank 5, and the aggregation state of the carrier is measured using the particle size distribution meter 6.
- the cross section of the pulse application tank is shown in Fig. 1 (B).
- the distance between the electrodes is 0.8 mm, the electrode thickness is 0.03 mm, and the electrode length is 20 mm.
- the AFP antigen solution was diluted with 0.5% BSA-GBS to prepare sample solutions having concentrations of 0, 0.0075, and 0.015 ng / mL. 3 ⁇ L of these samples and 3 ⁇ L of the anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above were placed in a test tube, and mixed. After incubating at 45 ° C, 62 ° C, or 80 ° C for 20 seconds, it was immediately injected into a reaction cell with electrodes. Using the device of (2), a voltage pulse was applied for 30 seconds at an alternating voltage of 200 KHz (rectangular wave) ⁇ 12 V / mm electrolytic strength.
- the reaction solution is diluted with physiological saline, and the particle size distribution of latex particles is measured using a Coulter Multisizer, and the aggregation rate of latex (Agglutination Ratio; AR; %) was determined by the following equation.
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- Control 1 Take 3 ⁇ L of each sample of (3) and anti-AFP sensitized latex reagent into a test tube, incubate at 25 ° C for 20 seconds, and inject into the reaction cell with electrodes, and perform the same procedure as in (3). High frequency voltage was applied. The operations other than the incubation at 25 ° C. followed the operations in (3). The results are shown as “Comparative Example 1” in FIG.
- Control 2 Each sample of (3) and 3 L of the anti-AFP-sensitized latex reagent were placed in a test tube and incubated at 37 ° C for 20 minutes.
- the reaction solution 0.5 ⁇ L was diluted with 20 mL of physiological saline (20 mL), and the particle size distribution of latex particles was measured using Coulter's Multisizer 1 as in (3), and the aggregation rate was calculated in the same manner.
- the results are shown as “Comparative Example 2” in FIG.
- FIG. 2 shows the measurement results of each sample and each control.
- the reaction solution before applying the voltage pulse was incubated at a high temperature (45 ° C, 62 ° C, or 80 ° C) for 20 seconds
- the reaction solution before applying the voltage pulse was A higher agglomeration rate was confirmed as compared to the conventional method (control 1, “Comparative Example 1” in FIG. 2) prepared at room temperature (25 ° C.) and without high-temperature treatment.
- Control 2 (“Comparative Example 2” in FIG. 2) in which incubation was performed at 37 ° C. for 20 minutes using a general latex agglomeration method without applying a pulse voltage
- a low value of 0.015 pg / mL was obtained. Responses in the concentration range were unacceptable. From these results, the method of the present invention can be applied to the conventional method (before applying the pulse voltage). It was shown that the measurement could be performed with even higher sensitivity than that of the above (without temperature treatment).
- Affinity substances (antigen-antibody reactions) were measured using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- the AFP antigen solution was diluted with 0.5% BSA-GBS to prepare sample solutions having concentrations of 0, 0.0075, and 0.015 ng / mL. 3 ⁇ L of these samples and 3 ⁇ L of the anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above were placed in a test tube, and mixed. After incubating at 62 ° C for 5 seconds, 20 seconds, or 180 seconds, immediately inject it into the reaction cell with electrodes, and use the above-mentioned device to apply an AC voltage (rectangular) at a frequency of 200 kHz. Wave) An electric field of ⁇ 12 V / mm was applied for 30 seconds to form a pearl chain.
- the reaction solution was diluted with physiological saline, and the particle size distribution of latex particles was measured using a Coulter Multisizer, and the aggregation rate of latex (Agglutination Ratio; AR; %) was calculated by the following formula.
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- PSA antibody-sensitized latex reagent (Reagent 2) O.lmg of anti-PSA antibody (manufactured by Dako) was dissolved in lmL of glycine buffer solution (containing 50mM glycine, 50mM sodium chloride, 0.09% sodium azide, hereinafter abbreviated as GBS) and 2.0m latetus (Sekisui Chemical) After adding 1 mL of an industrial solution (1% solid suspension) and stirring at 37 ° C for 2 hours, the sensitized latex was centrifuged to remove the supernatant. The precipitate was suspended in 1 mL of a 0.5% bovine serum albumin glycine buffer (0.5% BSA-GBS) to prepare an anti-PSA antibody-sensitized latex reagent.
- GBS 50mM glycine, 50mM sodium chloride, 0.09% sodium azide, hereinafter abbreviated as GBS
- GBS glycine buffer solution
- bovine serum albumin in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (50 mM Tris, 50 mM sodium chloride, containing 0.09% sodium azide, pH 8.4) contains 0.1-1.0% polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 20000; hereinafter abbreviated as PEG 20000) A reaction promoting reagent was prepared.
- Affinity substances (antigen-antibody reactions) were measured using the apparatus shown in FIG. Temperature control mechanism 2 was set to room temperature.
- the PSA antigen solution was diluted with 0.5% BSA-GBS to prepare a sample solution having a concentration of 0 and 9.5 ng / mL. After mixing 1 ⁇ L of these samples and 3 ⁇ L of 0.5% BSA-Tris hydrochloric acid buffer containing 0 to 1.0% of PEG20000, transfer 3 ⁇ L of the anti-PSA antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above into a test tube, and mix. Thereafter, it was immediately injected into a reaction cell with electrodes. Using the device described above, a voltage pulse was applied for 30 seconds at an AC voltage (rectangular wave) at a frequency of 200 ° ⁇ 12 V / mm of electrolytic strength.
- AC voltage rectangular wave
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- FIG. Figure 4 shows that the use of PEG, a water-soluble polymer compound, It was shown that the aggregation rate increased. This indicates that the present invention can measure at higher sensitivity than the control method.
- AFP was measured by an antigen-antibody reaction using the apparatus shown in FIG. 5 (A).
- the sample and reagent 1 buffer solution
- reagent 2 latex reagent
- a reaction solution It has a bath and a temperature control mechanism.
- the reaction solution is moved to the reaction tank 2 (pulse application tank), and a voltage pulse is applied through the electrode 3 for several seconds to several tens of seconds.
- the reactor is cooled to 4 ° C by the temperature control unit.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a cross section of the pulse application tank.
- the distance between the electrodes is 0.8 mm, the electrode thickness is 0.03 mm, and the electrode length is 20 mm.
- the AFP antigen solution was diluted with 0.5% BSA-GBS to prepare sample solutions having concentrations of 0 and 0.0075 ng / mL. 3 ⁇ L of these samples and 3 ⁇ L of the anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above were placed in a test tube, mixed, and immediately injected into a reaction cell with electrodes. Using the apparatus described above, a voltage pulse was applied to the reaction solution for 30 seconds at an AC voltage (rectangular wave) at a frequency of 200 ° and an electrolytic strength of ⁇ 12 V / mm. At this time, the temperature of the reaction cell was maintained at 4 ° C.
- the reaction solution is diluted with physiological saline, and the particle size distribution of the latex particles is measured using a Coulter Multisizer, and the aggregation rate of latex (Agglutination Ratio; AR; %) was determined by the following equation.
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- Control 2 Each sample of (3) and 3 L of the anti-AFP-sensitized latex reagent were placed in a test tube and incubated at 37 ° C for 20 minutes. Dilute 0.5 ⁇ L of this reaction solution to 20 mL of 20 mL of physiological saline, measure the particle size distribution of latex particles using a Coulter Multisizer 1 as in (3), and calculate the aggregation rate in the same manner. did. Further, the measurement was repeated 5 times in the same manner as in (3), and the results are shown in FIG.
- the antigen at this concentration can be measured.
- the minimum measurable antigen concentration is the detection limit. For example, if the following values A and B do not overlap, an antigen of 0.0075 ng / mL or more can be detected.
- Measurement value A When the antigen amount was repeatedly measured at 0 ng / mL and 0.0075 ng / mL, the average value of the aggregation rate measured at 0 ng / mL + 2.6 SD
- Measured value B Average value of agglutination measured at 0.0075 ng / mL-2.6SD
- the detection limit of the method of the present invention (FIG. 6) was shown to be 0.0075 ng / mL.
- the conventional method (FIGS. 7 and 8) as a control showed that this concentration could not be detected. This indicates that the present invention, in which the reaction solution to which the voltage pulse is being applied is kept at a low temperature, can measure in a much shorter time and with higher sensitivity than the conventional method.
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- the PSA antigen solution was diluted with 0.5% BSA-GBS to prepare sample solutions having concentrations of 0, 9.5, and 32 ng / mL. After mixing 1 ⁇ L of these samples with 3 ⁇ L of Tris buffer containing 0.5%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, or 10% BSA, 3 ⁇ L of the anti-PSA antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above was immediately added to the reaction cell with electrodes. Using the device described above, a voltage pulse was applied for 30 seconds at an AC voltage (rectangular wave) at a frequency of 200 ° ⁇ 12 V / mm of electrolytic strength.
- AC voltage rectangular wave
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- the BSA concentrations in the final reaction solution were 0.5%, 1.4%, 2.4%, 3.5%, and 4.6%.
- the BSA concentration of 0.5% in the final reaction solution was compared as a control.
- the temperature change of the reaction solution when the pearl chain was formed was measured by the measurement method described above.
- the viscosities of the final reaction solution (BSA concentration 0.5% -4.6%), the BSA concentration 0.3% and the 6.8% reaction solution at 4-52 ° C. were measured using a vibrating viscometer (Piscomate).
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the BSA concentration and the viscosity in the final reaction solution, and the relationship between the temperature and the viscosity in the reaction solution.
- Table 1 shows the results of measuring the temperature change of the reaction solution when a pearl chain was formed by applying an AC voltage.
- the temperature of the reaction solution before application increased from room temperature (about 25 ° C) to about 37 ° C after application of force.
- the BSA concentration in the final reaction solution was about 0.5%. there were. From the above, it was shown that by applying an AC voltage under the condition of 0.8-0.9 mPas, the viscosity of the reaction solution can be measured with higher sensitivity.
- the viscosity of the reaction solution according to the present invention for maintaining the temperature of the reaction solution during application of the voltage pulse at a low temperature shown in Example 4 is 1.4 mPas. From these facts, it is understood that the viscosity in the reaction solution can be measured with higher sensitivity by applying an AC voltage under the condition of 0.8 to 3 mPas. From the above results, it was confirmed that the preferable viscosity for improving the sensitivity was 11 to 3 mPas, more preferably 12 to 2 mPas.
- 0.1 mg of anti-AFP antibody (manufactured by Dako) was added to 1 mL of glycine buffer (50 mM glycine, 50 mM chloride).
- glycine buffer 50 mM glycine, 50 mM chloride.
- 2.06 ⁇ m latetus manufactured by Polysciences, 1.0% solids suspension
- IML ioniol bovine serum albumin glycine buffer
- the precipitate was suspended in ImL of 0.5% bovine serum albumin glycine buffer (0.5% BSA-GBS) to prepare an anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent.
- the biospecific agglutination was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG. 11 (A).
- the device shown in Fig. 11 (A) dispenses and mixes the sample and reagent 1 (buffer: Applicable for the 2-reagent system.
- Dispensing for dispensing and mixing (latex reagent) ⁇ Equipped with a stirring tank temperature control mechanism 1.
- Dispensing / stirring tank After the reaction liquid is mixed in the temperature control mechanism 1, the reaction liquid is then moved to the reaction tank (pulse application tank) 3 and a voltage pulse is applied for several seconds through the electrode 4. It was applied for several tens of seconds to form a par-chain. After the reaction solution was formed into a pearl chain, it was diluted (dilution tank 5), and the aggregation state of the carrier was measured using a particle size distribution analyzer 6. (Temperature control mechanisms 1 and 2 were set to OFF.)
- the outline of the dilution tank 5 is shown in FIG. 11 (B).
- the diluent is dispensed into the dilution container 103, and the reaction solution is dispensed between the counter electrodes 101.
- AFP control serum L (15.6 ng / mL), M (125 ng / mL), H (1000 ng / mL), and free serum (Ong / mL) were measured as sample solutions.
- a voltage of ⁇ 12 VZmm was applied for 30 seconds to form a pearl chain.
- the electric field was turned off, and the reaction solution was diluted with physiological saline.
- Fig. 1 (B) Dilution was performed using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 (B), while applying an AC voltage (square wave) ⁇ 0.7V at a frequency of 200KHz to the diluent via an electrode, caloring the reaction solution, and then using Coulter's Multisizer.
- the particle size distribution of the latex particles was measured using the above method, and the aggregation rate (AR) of the latex was determined by the following equation.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the AFP lOOOOng / mL measurement result (aggregation rate) was 43.4% for the conventional method, which was a control, compared to 53.4% for this method. That is, in the method of the present invention, the disintegration of the aggregates that collapse when the reaction solution is diluted, that is, the aggregates of the specifically aggregated carrier particles, could be reduced by about 20% compared to the conventional method.
- the measurement result (aggregation rate) of AFP Ong / mL was 10.6% in the conventional method as a control, compared with 7.4% in the present method.
- the aggregation rate when the Ong / mL sample was measured can be considered as the background associated with non-specific aggregation.
- the measurement method of the present invention had a large gradient of the aggregation rate and good linearity. Therefore, according to the present invention, measurement in a wide range of concentrations with high sensitivity is possible.
- the affinity substance (antigen-antibody reaction) was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- AFP control serum L (15.6 ng / mL) and free serum (Ong / mL) were measured as sample solutions.
- 3 ⁇ L of the sample and 3 ⁇ L of the anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above are placed in a test tube, mixed, and immediately injected into a reaction cell with electrodes. Wave) An electric field of ⁇ 12 VZmm was applied for 30 seconds to form a pearl chain. Immediately after the application for 30 seconds, the electric field was turned off, and the reaction solution was diluted with 20 mL of physiological saline. The dilution is performed by using the apparatus shown in Fig.
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- Control 1 Each sample of (3) and an anti-AFP-sensitized latex reagent were used. In the step of diluting the reaction solution after the pearl chain was formed, the same procedure as in (3) was performed except that the reaction solution was diluted without applying an electric field. The results are shown as “Control Method 1” in FIG.
- Control 2 Each sample of (3) and an anti-AFP sensitized latex reagent were used. The procedure was performed in the same manner as (3) except that the diluted solution of the reaction solution was previously applied with an electric field under the same conditions as in (3) and used as the diluent. The results are shown as “Control Method 2” in FIG.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the measurement result (aggregation rate) of AFP at 15.6 ng / mL was 35.7% for this method, and 32.6% for the conventional method, which was a control. That is, in the method of the present invention, the disintegration of aggregates that collapse when the reaction solution is diluted, that is, the aggregates of carrier particles specifically aggregated, can be reduced by about 10% as compared with the conventional method.
- the measurement result (aggregation rate) of AFP Ong / mL was 11.1% in the conventional method compared to 5.6% in the present method.
- the aggregation rate when the Ong / mL sample was measured can be considered as the background associated with non-specific aggregation.
- O.lmg of anti-PSA antibody (manufactured by Dako) was dissolved in lmL of glycine buffer (containing 50mM glycine, 50mM sodium chloride, 0.09% sodium azide, hereinafter abbreviated as GBS), and 2.06 ⁇ m latex 1 mL of a 1% solids suspension (Science Inc.) was collected, stirred at 37 ° C. for 2 hours, and the sensitized latex was centrifuged to remove the supernatant. Precipitate 0.5% bovine serum albumin It was suspended in 1 mL of glycine buffer (0.5% BSA-GBS) to prepare an anti-PSA antibody-sensitized latex reagent.
- GBS glycine buffer
- BSA-GBS bovine serum albumin
- PEG 20000 polyethylene glycol
- the affinity substance (antigen-antibody reaction) was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- PSA control serum L (9.5 ng / mL), M (32 ng / mL) and free serum (Ong / mL) were measured as the sample solutions.
- An AC voltage (rectangular wave) of ⁇ 12 VZmm was applied for 30 seconds to form a pearl chain. Immediately after the application for 30 seconds, the electric field was turned off, and the reaction solution was diluted with 20 mL of GBS.
- the dilution ratio at this time is about 3300 times. Dilution was performed using an apparatus shown in Fig. 1 KB), applying a reaction solution while applying an AC voltage (rectangular wave) ⁇ 0.7 V at a frequency of 200 KHz to the diluent via an electrode. The particle size distribution of the latex particles was measured using the method, and the agglomeration rate (AR) of the latex was determined by the following equation.
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- Control 1 Each sample of (4), Tris buffer and anti-PSA-sensitized latex reagent were used. In the step of diluting the reaction solution after the formation of the pearl chain, the same procedure as in (4) was performed, except that the reaction solution was diluted without applying an electric field. The results are shown in FIG. 14 as “Control method 1”.
- Control 2 Each sample of (4), Tris buffer and anti-PSA sensitized latex reagent were used. The procedure was performed in the same manner as in (4), except that an electric field under the same conditions as in (4) was previously applied to the diluted solution of the reaction solution, and the diluted solution was used. The results are shown as “Control Method 2” in FIG.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the measurement result (aggregation ratio) of PSA 32ng / mL was 35.7% in this method, and 30.3% in the conventional method as a control. That is, in the method of the present invention, the disintegration of aggregates that disintegrate when the reaction solution is diluted, that is, the aggregates of carrier particles specifically aggregated, can be reduced by about 20% as compared with the conventional method.
- the PSA Ong / mL measurement result (aggregation ratio) was 1.73% in this method and 2.45% in the conventional method.
- the aggregation rate when measuring Ong / mL samples can be considered as the background associated with non-specific aggregation.
- the measurement method of the present invention has a large gradient of the aggregation rate and good linearity. Therefore, it was shown that the present invention enables highly sensitive measurement over a wide concentration range.
- an anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent was prepared. However, using 2.0 m latex (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), 3 m (manufactured by Polyscience) and 4.5 ⁇ m (manufactured by Polyscience) as a 1.0% solids suspension, three types of anti-AFP An antibody-sensitized latex reagent was prepared.
- the affinity substance (antigen-antibody reaction) was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- the measurement result (aggregation rate) of 15.6 ng / mL of AFP when a 2.0 m latex reagent was used was 34.1% for this method and 24.1% for the conventional method as a control, indicating that specific aggregation was observed. Agglomeration collapse Breakage was reduced by 30% (Fig. 15).
- the measurement result (aggregation rate) of AFP Ong / mL was 8.0% in the conventional method compared to 5.3% in the present method.
- the measurement result (aggregation rate) of 15.6 ng / mL AFP when using a 3 ⁇ m latex reagent was 23.6% for the conventional method, which was 29.5% for this method, and 23.6% for the control method.
- the disintegration of the aggregates was reduced by 20% (Fig. 16).
- the measurement result (aggregation ratio) of AFP Ong / mL was 13.6% in the present method and 17.8% in the conventional method.
- the measurement result (aggregation rate) of AFP at 15.6 ng / mL when using a 4.5 ⁇ m latex reagent was 3.0% for the conventional method, which was 11.5% for this method, and 3.0% for the control method.
- the disintegration of the aggregates was reduced by 70% (Fig. 17).
- the measurement result (aggregation rate) of AFP Ong / mL was 2.5% in the conventional method compared to 4.1% in the present method.
- the present invention can reduce the collapse of aggregates of carrier particles specifically aggregated as compared with the conventional method. Furthermore, non-specific aggregation that occurs during dilution could be suppressed. Therefore, it was shown that highly sensitive measurement was possible by the present invention.
- Affinity substances (antigen-antibody reactions) were measured using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- AFP control serum H (100OOng / mL) was measured as a sample solution. Take 3 ⁇ L of the sample and 3 L of the anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above in a test tube, mix, immediately inject into a reaction cell with electrodes, and use the above-mentioned device to apply an AC voltage (frequency A voltage of ⁇ 12 V Zmm was applied for 30 seconds to form a pearl chain. Apply for 30 seconds After that, immediately turn off the electric field and add 0.25%-25% daltaraldehyde solution (hereinafter abbreviated as GA solution) to the reaction solution.
- GA solution 0.25%-25% daltaraldehyde solution
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- the affinity substance (antigen-antibody reaction) was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- AFP control serum H (100OOng / mL) was measured as a sample solution. Take 3 ⁇ L of the sample and 3 L of the anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above in a test tube, mix, immediately inject into a reaction cell with electrodes, and use the above-mentioned device to apply an AC voltage (frequency A voltage of ⁇ 12 V Zmm was applied for 30 seconds to form a pearl chain. Immediately after the application for 30 seconds, the electric field was turned off, 16 L of 25% dartaraldehyde solution (hereinafter abbreviated as GA solution) was added to the reaction solution, the mixture was incubated at 37 ° C for 0-60 seconds, and then diluted with physiological saline. . This Using the Coulter's Multisizer, the particle size distribution of the latex particles was measured for the diluted solution, and the aggregation rate (AR) of the latex was determined by the following equation.
- AC voltage frequency A voltage of ⁇ 12 V Zmm was applied
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- an anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent was prepared. However, using 2.0 m latex (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), 2.8 m (manufactured by Polyscience) and 1.m (manufactured by Polyscience) as a 1.0% solids suspension, three types of anti-AFP An antibody sensitizing latex reagent was prepared.
- the affinity substance (antigen-antibody reaction) was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- the present invention can reduce the aggregation of the carrier particles specifically aggregated irrespective of the particle size of the latex as compared with the conventional method (diluent containing no binding enhancer) It was shown that disintegration can be reduced and measurement can be performed with high sensitivity.
- the affinity substance (antigen-antibody reaction) was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- AFP control sera L and M were measured as sample liquids. Take 3 / z L of the sample and 3 L of the anti-AFP antibody-sensitized latex reagent described above in a test tube, mix and immediately pour the mixture into a reaction cell with electrodes. Wave) An electric field of ⁇ 12 VZmm was applied for 30 seconds to form a pearl chain. Immediately after the application for 30 seconds, the electric field was turned off, and the reaction solution was added to 16 L of dartalaldehyde 25% solution (hereinafter abbreviated as GA solution), incubated at 37 ° C for 0-60 seconds, and then added to physiological saline. Diluted. With respect to this reaction diluent, the particle size distribution of latex particles was measured using Coulter's Multisizer 1 and the aggregation rate (AR) of the latex was determined by the following equation.
- GA solution dartalaldehyde 25% solution
- AR (number of particles aggregated into two or more) Z (total number of particles) X 100 (%)
- Results Table 2 shows the results.
- the CV value of the simultaneous reproducibility was around 2%, but the CV value of the control method was 7-11%, which was evident from the large variation. From the above, it was shown that the present invention can be measured with higher reproducibility than the control method.
- the measuring method or measuring device of the present invention is useful for measuring any substance having affinity.
- information useful for diagnosing various diseases can be obtained by analyzing a sample collected from a living body. More specifically, hormones, tumor markers, enzymes, drugs, infectious agents, or antibodies thereto are routinely measured in medical institutions. All of these components to be measured are included in the affinity substance in the present invention. Alternatively, microorganisms and drugs contained in biological samples, foods, or samples collected from environmental sources can be measured or detected by the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
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US10/592,195 US20070298519A1 (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2005-03-10 | Method of Measuring Affinity Substances |
EP05720505A EP1724583A4 (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2005-03-10 | METHOD OF MEASURING AFFINER SUBSTANCE |
CA002573234A CA2573234A1 (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2005-03-10 | Method of measuring affinity substance |
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JP2004070828A JP4092374B2 (ja) | 2004-03-12 | 2004-03-12 | 親和性物質測定方法 |
JP2004-070828 | 2004-03-12 | ||
JP2004128050A JP4288672B2 (ja) | 2004-04-23 | 2004-04-23 | 粒子凝集と希釈による親和性物質の測定方法 |
JP2004-128050 | 2004-04-23 |
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US (1) | US20070298519A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1724583A4 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2573234A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005088309A1 (ja) |
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JPWO2004111649A1 (ja) * | 2003-06-16 | 2006-11-16 | パルスイムノテック株式会社 | 親和性物質の測定方法 |
CA2624229A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Pulse-Immunotech Corporation | Method of assaying substance with affinity in sample containing blood-cell ingredient |
CA2624236A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Pulse-Immunotech Corporation | Method of assaying substance with affinity in sample including step of destroying blood-cell ingredient |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH06174734A (ja) * | 1992-09-10 | 1994-06-24 | Eaton Corp | 速度センサ作動状態検出回路と検出方法 |
JPH1073597A (ja) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-17 | Masao Karube | 免疫学的反応性物質を検出又は測定する方法 |
JPH1073596A (ja) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-17 | Masao Karube | 免疫学的反応性物質を検出又は測定する方法 |
JPH11326327A (ja) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-11-26 | Shino Test:Kk | 粒子を使用する被検物質の測定方法及び測定器具 |
JP2001337092A (ja) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-12-07 | Dai Ichi Pure Chem Co Ltd | 免疫学的測定方法及び測定用試薬 |
Family Cites Families (5)
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US4913883A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1990-04-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Particle agglutination immunoassay apparatus |
ATE156312T1 (de) * | 1992-10-27 | 1997-08-15 | Canon Kk | Verfahren zum fördern von flüssigkeiten |
JP3300493B2 (ja) * | 1993-09-13 | 2002-07-08 | 株式会社 先端科学技術インキュベーションセンター | 生物学的特異的反応性物質の存在を検出又は測定する方法 |
US5981180A (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1999-11-09 | Luminex Corporation | Multiplexed analysis of clinical specimens apparatus and methods |
JPWO2004111649A1 (ja) * | 2003-06-16 | 2006-11-16 | パルスイムノテック株式会社 | 親和性物質の測定方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-03-10 CA CA002573234A patent/CA2573234A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-10 US US10/592,195 patent/US20070298519A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-10 WO PCT/JP2005/004234 patent/WO2005088309A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-03-10 EP EP05720505A patent/EP1724583A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH06174734A (ja) * | 1992-09-10 | 1994-06-24 | Eaton Corp | 速度センサ作動状態検出回路と検出方法 |
JPH1073597A (ja) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-17 | Masao Karube | 免疫学的反応性物質を検出又は測定する方法 |
JPH1073596A (ja) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-17 | Masao Karube | 免疫学的反応性物質を検出又は測定する方法 |
JPH11326327A (ja) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-11-26 | Shino Test:Kk | 粒子を使用する被検物質の測定方法及び測定器具 |
JP2001337092A (ja) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-12-07 | Dai Ichi Pure Chem Co Ltd | 免疫学的測定方法及び測定用試薬 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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See also references of EP1724583A4 * |
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US20070298519A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
EP1724583A4 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
CA2573234A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
EP1724583A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
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