WO2005036192A1 - 二次電池における残存容量の算出装置および算出方法 - Google Patents
二次電池における残存容量の算出装置および算出方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005036192A1 WO2005036192A1 PCT/JP2004/015113 JP2004015113W WO2005036192A1 WO 2005036192 A1 WO2005036192 A1 WO 2005036192A1 JP 2004015113 W JP2004015113 W JP 2004015113W WO 2005036192 A1 WO2005036192 A1 WO 2005036192A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- remaining capacity
- secondary battery
- calculating
- correction parameter
- current value
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for detecting a state of a secondary battery, and more particularly to a technique for accurately calculating a remaining capacity of a secondary battery.
- Electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and fuel-cell vehicles which use a motor to drive the vehicle, are equipped with a secondary battery.
- the electric vehicle drives the electric motor using the power stored in the secondary battery to drive the vehicle.
- the hybrid vehicle drives the vehicle by driving the motor using the electric power stored in the secondary battery, or drives the vehicle by assisting the engine with the motor.
- a fuel cell vehicle drives a vehicle by driving an electric motor using electric power from a fuel cell, or drives a motor using electric power stored in a secondary battery in addition to electric power from the fuel cell. Drive.
- Such a vehicle has a function of regenerative braking, that is, a function of causing the electric motor to function as a generator at the time of vehicle braking, and controlling the kinetic energy of the vehicle by converting it into electric energy.
- the electric energy converted here is stored in a secondary battery and reused when accelerating.
- the charge amount (SOC: State Of Charge, also referred to as remaining capacity) of the secondary battery is grasped to control charging and discharging.
- SOC State Of Charge
- the secondary battery accepts the regenerative power.
- the charge amount is fully charged (100%) and not fully charged (0%). It is often controlled around the middle (50-60%). Because of this, the remaining secondary battery Need to detect capacity (soc) more accurately.
- -A a method of detecting the remaining capacity of such a secondary battery
- a method of detecting based on the terminal voltage (open-circuit voltage, electromotive voltage) of the secondary battery is well known.
- the terminal voltage changes depending on the current value
- a method of estimating the remaining capacity by integrating the charge / discharge current values measured by the current sensor has been performed.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-149307 discloses a battery remaining capacity calculation method that can ensure high estimation accuracy of SOC without depending on the charge / discharge pattern of the battery.
- This method for calculating the remaining battery capacity is a method for estimating the remaining battery capacity (SOC) based on the electromotive voltage of the battery and the integrated current value, and determining the S ⁇ C correction parameter based on the electromotive voltage of the battery. And correcting the SOC determined from the integrated current value using the calibration parameter.
- the steps of correcting the SOC include a step of obtaining an electromotive voltage from the battery voltage, a step of obtaining a first estimated s ⁇ c from the electromotive voltage, and a step of obtaining a second estimated SOC from the integrated current value.
- the method includes a step of obtaining a correction amount using a correction parameter from a difference between the first estimated SOC and the second estimated SOC, and a step of correcting the second estimated SOC with the correction amount.
- the correction amount is large in the SOC region where the estimation accuracy of S ⁇ C from the electromotive voltage is high. Therefore, the correction parameter is determined so that the correction amount is small in the SOC region where the estimation accuracy is low. As a result, the SOC estimation accuracy can be improved in all SOC regions, and a highly accurate battery remaining capacity calculation method can be provided regardless of the charge / discharge pattern.
- the correction parameter is determined by the electromotive voltage. That is, the correction parameter is large in a region where the accuracy of the SOC estimated based on the electromotive voltage is considered to be high, and corrected in a region where the accuracy of the S ⁇ C estimated based on the electromotive voltage is low.
- the parameters are set small. In such a calculation method, due to the small charge / discharge current value of the secondary battery, even when the accuracy of the SOC estimated based on the electromotive voltage is low, the correction parameter may be determined to be large. In some cases, SOC cannot be calculated accurately. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a calculating device and a calculating method capable of accurately calculating a remaining capacity of a secondary battery.
- An apparatus for calculating a remaining capacity in a secondary battery includes: a voltage detection unit that detects a voltage value of a secondary battery; a current detection unit that detects a current value of the secondary battery; Calculating a first correction parameter used in calculating the remaining capacity of the secondary battery based on the voltage value, and calculating the first correction parameter based on the current value of the secondary battery in calculating the remaining capacity of the secondary battery; A calculating unit that calculates a second correction parameter to be used, and calculates a remaining capacity of the secondary battery using the voltage value, the current value, the first correction parameter, and the second correction parameter.
- the second correction parameter when calculating the SOC, which is the remaining capacity of the secondary battery, is calculated based on the current value of the secondary battery.
- the captured SOC is calculated using only the first correction parameter calculated based on the voltage value of the secondary battery, but the remaining capacity of the secondary battery according to the present invention is calculated.
- the corrected SOC can be calculated using not only the first correction parameter but also the second correction parameter. Therefore, when the charge / discharge current value is small and the accuracy of the SOC estimated based on the voltage (open-circuit voltage) is low, the contribution rate of the correction term affected by the estimated SOC based on the voltage is low.
- the second correction parameter can be calculated based on the current value.
- the degree of contribution of the correction term can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the charge / discharge current value. .
- the calculation unit calculates a first estimated remaining capacity from the open voltage of the secondary battery based on the voltage value, and calculates a current calculated by integrating the charge / discharge current value based on the current value.
- a second estimated remaining capacity is calculated from the integrated value, and a difference between the first estimated remaining capacity and the second estimated remaining capacity, a first correction parameter, and a second correction parameter are used.
- the remaining capacity of the secondary battery is calculated by correcting the second estimated remaining capacity using the function that has been used.
- an accurate SOC is obtained using the correction term from the second estimated remaining capacity (SOC-i) calculated based on the current integrated value calculated by integrating the charge / discharge current values. Is calculated.
- the first estimated remaining capacity (SOC-V) is calculated from the open-circuit voltage of the secondary battery.
- the difference between the first estimated remaining capacity (SOC—V) and the second estimated remaining capacity (SOC—i), the first correction parameter (R (1)), and the second correction parameter (R (2 )) Is used.
- a function is used in which the correction term is multiplied by a second correction parameter (R (2)) calculated based on the charge / discharge current value. Make the correction parameter (R (2)) of 2 smaller.
- the function is a function of multiplying the difference between the first estimated remaining capacity and the second estimated remaining capacity by a first correction parameter and a second correction parameter.
- the difference between the first estimated remaining capacity (SOC-V) and the second estimated remaining capacity (SOC_i) is calculated using the first correction parameter (R (1)) and the second correction parameter.
- the correction term is calculated by multiplying the parameter (R (2)). Therefore, if the second correction parameter (R (2)) is set to be small when the charge / discharge current value is small, the correction term is calculated to be small, and the contribution rate of the correction term is reduced. be able to. That is, when the charge / discharge current value is small, the correction term that is affected by the first estimated remaining capacity (SO C—v) calculated based on the open voltage with low accuracy is reduced, and the contribution rate of the correction term Can be lowered.
- the calculation unit calculates the remaining capacity of the secondary battery by adding the correction calculated by the function to the second estimated remaining capacity.
- the remaining capacity of the secondary battery is calculated by adding the correction term, which is the correction, to the second estimated remaining capacity (S ⁇ C ⁇ i). Correction is performed taking into account both the voltage value and the current value based on the capacitance. It is possible to calculate an accurate remaining capacity.
- the second correction parameter is larger, and as the absolute value of the charge / discharge current value of the secondary battery is smaller, the second correction parameter is more preferable. It is small.
- the degree of contribution of the correction term affected by the remaining capacity (SOC-V) can be reduced.
- the second correction parameter (R (2)) is increased, and the first estimated remaining capacity (S ⁇ The degree of contribution of the correction term affected by C—V) can be increased.
- a method for calculating a remaining capacity in a secondary battery includes a step of detecting a voltage value of the secondary battery, a step of detecting a current value of the secondary battery, and a step of detecting a voltage value of the secondary battery. Calculating a first correction parameter used in calculating the remaining capacity of the secondary battery based on the current value of the secondary battery, and calculating the first correction parameter used in calculating the remaining capacity of the secondary battery based on the current value of the secondary battery. Calculating a second correction parameter; and calculating a remaining capacity of the secondary battery using the voltage value, the current value, the first correction parameter, and the second correction parameter.
- FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of a vehicle equipped with a battery ECU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the correction coefficient R (2) stored in the memory of the battery ECU and the current value according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a control structure of a program executed by the battery ECU according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- a secondary battery for example, a nickel hydrogen battery
- SOC regenerative braking
- the type of the secondary battery is not particularly limited, but in the following description, the secondary battery is a nickel hydrogen battery.
- the device for calculating the remaining capacity of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to any of an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, and a fuel cell vehicle.
- the power unit of the vehicle includes a nickel-metal hydride battery 100 and a battery ECU 200.
- the nickel hydrogen battery 100 is provided with a temperature sensor 110 for measuring the temperature of the nickel hydrogen battery 100 and a voltage sensor 130 for measuring the voltage of the nickel metal hydride battery 100.
- a current sensor 120 for measuring a charge / discharge current value is attached to an output cable or an input cable that connects the nickel-metal hydride battery 100 and a vehicle power cable.
- Battery ECU 200 includes a temperature sensor 110, a current sensor 120, a voltage sensor 130, an input / output interface 500 connected to an identification switch-on signal line, and a CPU (Central Processing Unit) for controlling battery ECU 200. Unit) 300, a clock 400, and a memory 600 for storing various data.
- a power supply terminal of the nickel hydrogen battery 100 is connected to a vehicle power cable, and supplies power to a traveling motor, auxiliary electrical components, and the like of the vehicle.
- the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor 110 that measures the temperature of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100 is transmitted to the CPU 300 via the input / output interface 500 of the battery ECU 200.
- the current value detected by the current sensor 120 that measures the charge current value of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100 and the discharge current value of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100 is determined by the battery ECU
- the data is transmitted to the CPU 300 via the input / output interface 500 of 200.
- the CPU 300 can calculate S ⁇ C by integrating the current value over time.
- the voltage detected by the voltage sensor 130 that measures the voltage of the nickel hydrogen battery 100 is transmitted to the CPU 300 via the input / output interface 500 of the battery ECU 200.
- the CPU 300 can calculate S ⁇ C based on an open circuit voltage (OCV) under a predetermined condition.
- the memory 600 stores a program executed by the CPU 300, a threshold value, a correction coefficient, a map, and the like used in the program.
- correction coefficient R (2) stored in the memory 600 of the battery ECU 200, which is the device for calculating the remaining capacity in the secondary battery according to the present embodiment.
- This correction coefficient R (2) is calculated based on the current value of nickel-metal hydride battery 100.
- Figure 2 shows the relationship between the correction coefficient R (2) and the charge / discharge current value.
- This correction coefficient R (2) is a correction coefficient for SOC determined based on the charge / discharge current value of nickel-metal hydride battery 100.
- the correction coefficient R (1) is an SOC correction coefficient calculated based on the electromotive voltage as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-149307.
- the correction coefficient R (2) is a function of the charge / discharge current value of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100, and has a parabolic shape that approaches 1 as the absolute value of the current value increases.
- a function is an example, and is not limited to a function having a parabolic shape. If the absolute value of the current value is large, it approaches 1; if the absolute value of the current value is small, it approaches a value close to 0 (for example, about 0.1 to 0.2). Just fine. Also, instead of such a function format, numerical data may be stored in the memory 600.
- CPU 300 calculates a first estimated SOC (SOC_v) from the voltage value. This voltage value is detected based on a signal input from the voltage sensor 130 to the battery ECU 200 via the input / output interface 500.
- the voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100 calculated by multiplying the measured voltage value detected by the voltage sensor 130 and the internal resistance value of the nickel hydrogen battery ⁇ 0 by the current value detected by the current sensor 120
- the open circuit voltage is calculated by adding the value and the voltage value due to the polarization phenomenon of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100.
- the open voltage is calculated by adding the voltage value due to the voltage drop due to the internal resistance and the voltage value due to the polarization to the measured voltage value.
- the first estimated SOC SOC-V
- the internal resistance of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100 varies depending on the temperature of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100
- the internal resistance is calculated from, for example, a map in consideration of the variation, and the voltage due to the internal resistance is calculated. Calculate the descent.
- the polarization voltage varies depending on the temperature and the charge / discharge current value of the nickel-hydrogen battery 100
- the polarization voltage value is considered in consideration of the variation, for example, a map in which the battery temperature and the charge / discharge current value are used as parameters. Calculate the polarization voltage value.
- CPU 300 calculates a current integrated value ( ⁇ idt) from the current value.
- This current integrated value is the integrated value (integrated value) of the charging / discharging current in a very short time (dt).
- the current value is detected based on a signal input from the current sensor 120 to the battery ECU 200 via the input / output interface 500. Further, it is preferable that the integration time be a very short time for a hybrid vehicle in which charging and discharging are switched in a very short time and repeated during traveling.
- CPU 300 repeats addition of the current integrated value to calculate second estimated S OC (SOC-i).
- SOC-i soc_i + J idt.
- CPU 300 calculates a correction coefficient R (1) from the voltage value (electromotive force).
- This correction coefficient R (1) is a correction parameter disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-149307.
- CPU 300 calculates a correction coefficient R (2) from the current value.
- the correction coefficient R (2) is calculated based on the relationship between the correction coefficient R (2) and the charge / discharge current as shown in FIG.
- CPU 300 calculates the captured remaining capacity SOC.
- CPU 300 determines whether the ignition switch has been turned off. This determination is made when the identification switch signal is turned off from the on state via the input / output interface 500. When the identification switch is turned off (YES in S170), this process ends. If not (NO in S170), the process returns to S110, where the first estimated S ⁇ C calculated by the open-circuit voltage, the second estimated SOC calculated by the current integration, and The corrected SOC is continuously calculated using the correction coefficient R (1) based on the voltage value and the correction coefficient R (2) based on the current value. Note that S ⁇ C calculated in S170 is stored in the memory 600 as the SOC at the end of the previous run when the ignition switch is turned off.
- the temperature, current and voltage of the nickel-metal hydride battery 100 are stored in the battery ECU 200 by the temperature sensor 110 and the current sensor 120. And voltage sensor 130 respectively.
- a first estimated SOC (SOC v) is determined based on the sensed voltage value. It is calculated (S100), and a second estimated SOC (SOC-i) is calculated based on the detected voltage value (S120).
- SOC_v the calculated first estimated SOC
- S OC_i The difference d S OC between the calculated first estimated SOC (S OC_v) and the second estimated S OC (S OC_ i) is calculated (S 14′0).
- a correction coefficient R (1) based on the voltage value and a correction coefficient R (2) based on the current value are calculated (S150, S160).
- a correction coefficient R (1), and a correction coefficient R (2) are calculated (S160).
- the SOC corrected by i is calculated.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-149307 discloses that the magnitude of the current value differs.
- the captured SOC greatly differs depending on the magnitude of the charge / discharge current value. Become.
- such a situation does not occur.
- the remaining capacity calculation device captures the second estimated SOC (S OC_i) calculated based on the current integrated value calculated by integrating the charge / discharge current values. Correct and accurate SOC is calculated.
- the first estimated SOC (SOC-V) is calculated from the open discharge pressure of the secondary battery.
- the difference between the first SOC (S ⁇ C—v) and the second estimated SOC (SOC—i), a first correction factor (R (1)), and a second correction factor (R (2) ) Is added to the second estimated SOC (SOC-i) to calculate a corrected SOC.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0415236-0A BRPI0415236A (pt) | 2003-10-10 | 2004-10-06 | dispositivo de cálculo calculando capacdidade disponìvel de bateria secundária e método para calcular a mesma |
EP04773738.2A EP1674877B1 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2004-10-06 | Secondary battery residual capacity calculating apparatus and calculating method |
CA002541537A CA2541537C (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2004-10-06 | Calculation device calculating available capacity of secondary battery and method of calculating the same |
US10/570,311 US7200499B2 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2004-10-06 | Calculation device calculating available capacity of secondary battery and method of calculating the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003351685A JP4075762B2 (ja) | 2003-10-10 | 2003-10-10 | 二次電池における残存容量の算出装置および算出方法 |
JP2003-351685 | 2003-10-10 |
Publications (1)
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WO2005036192A1 true WO2005036192A1 (ja) | 2005-04-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2004/015113 WO2005036192A1 (ja) | 2003-10-10 | 2004-10-06 | 二次電池における残存容量の算出装置および算出方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7200499B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1674877B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4075762B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100498365C (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0415236A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2541537C (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2336536C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005036192A1 (ja) |
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- 2004-10-06 BR BRPI0415236-0A patent/BRPI0415236A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-10-06 US US10/570,311 patent/US7200499B2/en active Active
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- 2004-10-06 EP EP04773738.2A patent/EP1674877B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
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JP2005114646A (ja) | 2005-04-28 |
CN1864072A (zh) | 2006-11-15 |
CN100498365C (zh) | 2009-06-10 |
CA2541537A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
US7200499B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 |
EP1674877B1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
JP4075762B2 (ja) | 2008-04-16 |
EP1674877A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
US20060276981A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
RU2006115573A (ru) | 2007-11-20 |
CA2541537C (en) | 2009-06-02 |
RU2336536C2 (ru) | 2008-10-20 |
EP1674877A4 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
BRPI0415236A (pt) | 2006-12-12 |
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