WO2005027157A2 - Salt fusible at ordinary temperature and electrochemical device - Google Patents

Salt fusible at ordinary temperature and electrochemical device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005027157A2
WO2005027157A2 PCT/JP2004/013393 JP2004013393W WO2005027157A2 WO 2005027157 A2 WO2005027157 A2 WO 2005027157A2 JP 2004013393 W JP2004013393 W JP 2004013393W WO 2005027157 A2 WO2005027157 A2 WO 2005027157A2
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Prior art keywords
group
tfsi
ion
room temperature
molten salt
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PCT/JP2004/013393
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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WO2005027157A1 (en
WO2005027157A3 (en
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Hajime Matsumoto
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Nat Inst Of Advanced Ind Scien
Hajime Matsumoto
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Priority to JP2005513940A priority Critical patent/JP4478790B2/en
Publication of WO2005027157A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005027157A1/en
Publication of WO2005027157A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005027157A2/en
Publication of WO2005027157A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005027157A3/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58Liquid electrolytes
    • H01G11/60Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solvent
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58Liquid electrolytes
    • H01G11/62Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0567Liquid materials characterised by the additives
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a room temperature molten salt (ionic liquid) and a room temperature molten salt electrochemical denoise.
  • Organic solvents are used as a medium for chemical synthesis and as a medium for the conversion of high densities of electrochemical denos (such as lithium batteries). Many organic solvents are volatile [ ⁇ raw and have a high boiling point and are volatile! ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ "" "" "” “” “” “ Ah
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a highly safe, room-temperature molten salt as a difficult male or female.
  • Fig. 4 Variation of thermal capacity of various ionic liquids synthesized according to the present invention ⁇ (Radiation rate: 10. C / min) (organic i3 ⁇ 4: GBL: y-butyrolactone, PC: propylene carbonate) ECETMA-C1: ECETMA-TFSI is a room temperature molten salt obtained in Example 2.
  • TMOTFA-C1 TMOTFA-TFSI is the room temperature molten salt obtained in Example 4.
  • TMODA-C1 TMODA-TFSI is the room temperature molten salt obtained in Example 5.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show refilling.
  • the vertical axis is 3 ⁇ 4ffi (Voltage), and the horizontal axis is specific capacity 4 (Specffic capacity).
  • the present invention provides the following room-temperature melting electrochemical electrochemical.
  • the electrochemical device according to Item 2 which is a lithium secondary battery, an electric secondary capacitor, a solar cell, or an electoric chromic anode. Since the room-temperature solution of the present invention has non-volatility, it can be used as a non-volatile electrochemical device.
  • the melting point of the room temperature molten salt of the present invention is generally 100 ° C or lower, preferably 80 ° C or lower, more preferably 60 ° C or lower, further preferably 40 ° C or lower, and particularly preferably 25 ° C or lower.
  • Room temperature molten salt of C or less can be widely used.
  • the temperature of the molten salt is preferably lower than room temperature (25 ° C), more preferably 0 ° C or lower, and particularly preferably 1 The following is even more preferred.
  • the power component of the room-temperature molten salt of the present invention is obtained by adding a power source of ⁇ 4 ⁇ to the volatile solvent.
  • Examples of the cation include an ammonium group, a phonium cation such as a phomonium group, and a phome, and preferably an ammonium group.
  • 4 ⁇ can be introduced into one organic solvent compound, preferably one or two.
  • the organic solvent compound includes one or more oxygen atoms (for example, ethers, alcohols, esters, carbonates, cholesterols, alcohols, alcohols). Ether, etc.).
  • oxygen atoms for example, ethers, alcohols, esters, carbonates, cholesterols, alcohols, alcohols). Ether, etc.
  • the quaternary ammonium group is preferably introduced into a ⁇ atom instead of a ⁇ atom.
  • Such a cation is introduced into the organic solvent via a ⁇ alkylene group as needed.
  • the organic solvent include compounds having a boiling point at normal pressure of OO ° C to 300 ° C, preferably 30 ° C to 300 ° C, and which are solid or liquid at normal temperature. Compounds are exemplified:
  • Anoschcols ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, petitylene, recall, jetylene, recall, triethylenedalicol, etc .;
  • Alkylene alcohol monoalkyl ethers Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene alcohol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, petylene glycol U-e-nomethyl ether , Flenk U-monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, dimethylene glycol and ethyl ether, etc .; • Alkylene glycol, 3-: resin alkyl ethers: ethylene glycol; ⁇ -nordimethyletheno DME) polyethylene Rendarico 1 / regetyl ether, propylene glycol / ledimethyl ether, propylene glycol Recohol dimethinole ether, petitylene, Ricoh / directioninole ether, diethylene glycol, riconeole dimethyl ether, dimethylene glycolone regetyl, etc .; esters: acetyl acetate, ethy
  • Heteroalicyclic compounds ,: San, morpholine, pyrrolidine, etc .;
  • Sulfides dimethyl sulfide, getyl sulfide, di-n-propyl sulfide, dipropyl olenos sulfide, etc .;
  • Organic Solvent represents the above organic solvent
  • Ra represents an alkyl group
  • N represents a nitrogen atom
  • P represents a phosphorus atom
  • S represents Represents sulfur atoms
  • R 1 and R 2 are the same or different
  • T, T-alkyl group, haloalkyl group, alkoxy group, alkino group, reether group, Te Les indicates ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 Yo Rere Ararukiru group or an alkoxyalkyl group
  • Zeta is NR 2 instar
  • R 1 ⁇ Hi R 2 is 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ is the connexion 5-8 membered ring such together with the nitrogen atom T, even ⁇ , nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Tfc ⁇
  • X indicates de-fibre.
  • the haloalkyl group the number of carbon atoms in which at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the above alkyl group is a halogen atom (chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine), especially a fluorine atom:! To 20, preferably 1 to 6, More preferably, it is a haloalkyl group having a straight and fine branch having 3 to 3 carbon atoms;
  • the alkoxy group has (0—the above alkyl) structure having 2 carbon atoms.
  • Tb5 preferably a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
  • alkino group examples include those having a (S—alkyl) structure and having 20 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 carbon atoms.
  • aryl group examples include an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, an ethylphenyl group, and a 1,3,5-trimethinolephenyl group; Tu5.
  • aralkyl group examples include aralkyl groups having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, such as benzyl, phenyl, naphthylmethyl and the like.
  • the alkoxy group and the alkoxy group of the alkoxyalkyl group are the same as those of flit, and the number of carbon atoms directly branched is! ⁇ 20.
  • alkyl groups of 20 Tokunime 1 Kinmechiru SiCH C DOO Q, main 1 Kinechiru 3 ⁇ 4 (03 ⁇ 4. ⁇ 2 0. ⁇ ), ethoxymethyl group (cao C ⁇ CH ⁇ Etokishechiru 3 ⁇ 4 ( ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ CH 2 CH exemplified is i ⁇ .
  • the polyether group - ⁇ ci - ⁇ - o -CCHC ⁇ o) ⁇ c r c 4 alkyl), or, - (ci-3 ⁇ 4-o-
  • nl is: a ⁇ 4 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4, n2 is 1 to 4, the CrQ ⁇ Bruno Le, methyl, Echiru, n Examples include -propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, igatyl, sec “butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • I ⁇ iR 2 is a 5- to 8-membered, preferably 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group (pyrrolidinium) , Piberidinium, pyrrolychem, pyrididium, etc.).
  • An ether, ester or keto structure may be formed by interposing one or more ⁇ —, one COO—, or one CO— between C—C single bonds at any position of the badly alkyl group. .
  • aryl and aralkyl groups examples include halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I), 7-fiber, mesh, nitro, acetyl, and acetylamino.
  • X is a small number, and specific examples thereof include a chromium atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a thiol group, and P- toluenesulfonyl;
  • the present invention introduces a quaternary ammonium group into a low-boiling, high-volatility, I-raw male to lead to a room temperature molten salt. 4 As described above, the conversion of ammonia and tertiary amines You may go and decompose the amino group of the amino acid nada.
  • the Anion component of the ambient temperature molten salt of the present invention is illustrated below; ⁇ Anio ⁇ fine possible 3 ⁇ 4> 3 ⁇ 4: • On: CI-, Br -, F one, ⁇ , SCN -, C10 4 - ,: BF 4 -, BC1 4 -, BBr 4 _, PF 6 -, -,
  • Lemonimide ion ⁇ (RSO ⁇ -, R is an alkyl group which may have a substituent, a halogenated alkyl group which may have a thigh, an aryl group which may have a substituent ⁇ ,
  • Monovalent or carboxylate ions for example, zwitterion, chiion, propionate ion, butyrate ion, velvet ion, isovalerate ion, trifluoroacetate ion, fluoroacetate ion, chloroacetate ion, trichloroacetate ion , Dichloro Rooster, Monochrome Mouth Rooster, Roof Acid, Gu! ; Cholate ion, lithium ion,
  • Rf-BF 3 (wherein, Rf represents CnF2n + l, and n represents 1-4 women), such as CF 3 BF 3 , Ji 2 , C BF 3 , and C 4 FgBF 3 ; Even if CnF2n + l is a fiber, it has a branch and Tfc is good.
  • the room-temperature molten salt of the present invention can be easily produced by mixing the above-mentioned components.
  • the above-mentioned cation component and thione component are each a single component, but the combination ratio of two or more components is good.
  • H— anion component
  • the room-temperature molten salt of the present invention is suitable for electrochemical denomination of lithium secondary batteries, electric two-capacitors, fuel tanks, solar cells, and the like, as well as the conversion of chemistry.
  • the room temperature molten salt of the present invention can be used in a lithium secondary battery, a room temperature molten salt that is electrochemically unstable to a highly active coal electrode or lithium anode (eg, 1- Etino 3-methylimidazolymtetraf (E.g., fluoroborate), and the passive stability of S to the negative electrode_h can significantly improve the apparent electrochemical stability.
  • a room temperature molten salt that is electrochemically unstable to a highly active coal electrode or lithium anode eg, 1- Etino 3-methylimidazolymtetraf (E.g., fluoroborate)
  • the passive stability of S to the negative electrode_h can significantly improve the apparent electrochemical stability.
  • the agent is also a molten salt at room temperature, the overall movement is maintained.
  • Example 1 Ionic liquefaction of shetan (DME): Synthesis of 1- (2-mequine-ethoxyshethyl) -tomethinopyridinium-bis (trifluoromethylsulfol-l) imide (MEE P FSI)
  • the synthesis was performed in the same order except that bromo ⁇ -butyrolactone was used instead of 1-bromoethoxy-2-methoxyethane in Example 1 until the synthesis of the bromide as a raw material (80% yield).
  • the solvent used for recrystallization was the acetone / ethanol power of Example 1, but ethanol / ethyl ether was used instead.
  • Substance (TMOTFA-TFSI) dissolves in carbon dioxide, so anion exchange to TFSI should be performed not in water, but in ethanol, and ethanol should be distilled off with ⁇ porator, and then dichlorometa / "e extraction (30% yield) ).
  • TMODA-TFSI by R The analysis values of TMODA-TFSI by R are as follows.
  • Figure 1 shows the change in the weight of heat in a material, which is the heat-resistant I. It is used as a battery for GBL and PCs.
  • the shelf solvent has a boiling point of 200. C or more, but 100 due to the presence of life. Volatile before C and the weight is reduced.
  • DEC is organic like GBL and PC? is there.
  • ECETMA-C1 is a salt that is solid at room temperature, but it is stable up to around 150 ° C.
  • the anion is exchanged for TFSI with TFSI (ECETMA-TFSI, room temperature). It is clear from Fig. 1 that the fiber (liquid) is further improved.
  • the use of the room-temperature molten salt of the present invention as a battery early liquid improves the age and performance.
  • EM-TFSI has lower electrochemical stability than ammonium-based, but has the advantage of relatively low viscosity.
  • the electrification reportability was poor, and the point was that it was used for carbon electrodes.
  • the force l that shows a large capacity of 50 QnL3 ⁇ 4g during charging (dotted line) is T at which irreversible reduction of EM cations occurs. It indicates that cation insertion has occurred and that both have occurred.
  • there is no capacity in the (Taihuai line) and a system with poor electrification characteristics such as EM-TFSI cannot use a coal electrode at all.
  • the EM-TFSI can produce a good 53 ⁇ 4m characteristic I in the EM-TFSI.
  • the strength of the ⁇ is due to the formation of the SEI coating on the surface of the BTJb from ECBTMA-TFSI, which suppresses the insertion of EI and carbon materials.
  • Leakage with a Carboel structure like GBL'EC or GBL'EC! "C known, o Organic solvents such as GBL and EC have problems with ⁇ I"
  • An ionic liquid having a violent viscosity is hardly viscous and has greatly improved heat resistance, which greatly contributes to safety.

Abstract

A salt fusible at ordinary temperature which comprises: a cation ingredient obtained by introducing a cationic group into a volatile organic solvent; and an anion ingredient selected from the group consisting of an inorganic ion, sulfonimide ion, carboxylic acid ion, mono- or polyvalent sulfonic acid ion, (optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl)4B-, (R1SO2)3C- (wherein R1 is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted haloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl), and Rf-BF3- (wherein Rf is CnF2n+1, where n is an integer of 1 to 4).

Description

明細書  Specification
常温溶融職び電気化学デノ ス  Room temperature melting electrochemical electrochemical
赚分野  赚 field
本発明は、常温容融塩 (イオン性液体)及ひ亥常温溶融塩 ¾^む電気化学デノ スに関する。  The present invention relates to a room temperature molten salt (ionic liquid) and a room temperature molten salt electrochemical denoise.
背景技術  Background art
有機溶媒は化学合成の媒体として、また高^ Vレギー密度の電気化学デノ ス (リチウム戆池 等)の翻^?容媒として用いら;^。有機溶媒の多くは揮発 [·生であり、また沸点が高く揮発 !■生の少 なレ、ものであつ τ¾弓 ί火 ["生や発火性を示 こめ娃性に留; rる必要があっ  Organic solvents are used as a medium for chemical synthesis and as a medium for the conversion of high densities of electrochemical denos (such as lithium batteries). Many organic solvents are volatile [· raw and have a high boiling point and are volatile! ■ ■ ■ ■ ¾ ί ί ί "" "" "" "" "" " Ah
また、本発明者の近年の研究により、リチウム電池にイオン性液体 ¾ 用し、 ^^なリチウム電池 を構築する試みカ行われ、ハードルの高いリチウム金属負極の利用に ¾ "る可能性が拓かれて レヽる (特許第 2981945号;特開 2003 - 331918 ;S.Sakaebe, H.Matsumoto, Electrochemical Communication, 卷 5,509頁 (2003年))。  In addition, recent research by the present inventor has attempted to construct a lithium battery by using an ionic liquid for the lithium battery, opening up the possibility of using a lithium metal anode with high hurdles. (Patent No. 2981945; JP-A-2003-331918; S. Sakaebe, H. Matsumoto, Electrochemical Communication, Vol. 5, p. 509 (2003)).
しか よがら、献では炭賴極等の利用力 S 的であり、炭素負極を用レヽたリチウム電池への イオン画本の適用にっレヽて検 ffおれはじめ T、るが、イオン性液体のみを職鞭に用レ、た齢 に、良好な充¾¾にまでは至ってレヽなレ、。炭素籍を用!/ヽたリチウム電池には上記化合物例のな 力のラク卜ンやカーボ 一卜等の溶媒が必ず用レヽられ TV、る。それは^ Lらの ^某が炭素負; (!±で 極少量 され、雄の を抑制する皮膜 成するためで fe¾とレ、われ T 、る。イオン性液 体にも有機溶媒を添¾tlする試みが知られているが、揮 ¾†生、引火性の有機溶猶卩えることは、 イオン性液体の糊 ある聽発性、匪尭性を損なうことになり、ま, d]口える量によっては従来 の議慣との差がなくなってしまう。  However, in the offer, the use of charcoal electrode etc. is S-like, and the application of ion picture books to lithium batteries using carbon anodes has been examined. It is very useful for professionals, and even for young people, it is difficult to reach a good refill. Lithium batteries that use carbon registers always use solvents such as lactones and carbohydrates, which are powerful in the above-mentioned compound examples. It is ^ L et al. That carbon is negative; (! ± is reduced to a very small amount and forms a film that suppresses male blemishes, so that the organic solvent is also added to the ionic liquid. Attempts are known, but volatile and flammable organic leaching will impair the audible and edgy properties of the ionic liquid, d] In some cases, there is no difference from the conventional convention.
本発明は、難†feの?雄として安全性の高レ、常温溶融塩を することを目的とする。  An object of the present invention is to provide a highly safe, room-temperature molten salt as a difficult male or female.
図面の簡 よ説明  Brief description of drawings
図ェ〜4:種々の溶厳び本発明によって合成され^ if規イオン性液体の熱羞量変化 (昇 度: 10。C/分)(有機 i¾:GBL: y—プチロラクトン, PC:プロピレンカーボネート、 ECETMA- C1:ECETMA-TFSIほ難例 2で得られた常温溶融塩である。  Fig. 4: Variation of thermal capacity of various ionic liquids synthesized according to the present invention ^ (Radiation rate: 10. C / min) (organic i¾: GBL: y-butyrolactone, PC: propylene carbonate) ECETMA-C1: ECETMA-TFSI is a room temperature molten salt obtained in Example 2.
TMOTFA-C1: TMOTFA-TFSIは実施例 4で得られた常温溶融塩である。  TMOTFA-C1: TMOTFA-TFSI is the room temperature molten salt obtained in Example 4.
TMODA-C1: TMODA-TFSIは実施例 5で得られた常温溶融塩である。 ) TMODA-C1: TMODA-TFSI is the room temperature molten salt obtained in Example 5. )
図 5〜図 6:充 生を示す。縦軸は ¾ffi(Voltage)であり、横軸は比容 4(Specffic capacity)であ る。  Figures 5 and 6: show refilling. The vertical axis is ¾ffi (Voltage), and the horizontal axis is specific capacity 4 (Specffic capacity).
発明の開示  Disclosure of the invention
本発明は、以下の常温溶融 ぴ電気化学デノ スを するものである。  The present invention provides the following room-temperature melting electrochemical electrochemical.
項 1. 揮発性有機溶媒にカチオン' 導入し チオン成分と、 Item 1. Introduction of cations into volatile organic solvents
»^オン、スルホンイミドイオン、カルボン酸イオン、 1価又は レホ イオン、(置纏を 有することのあるァノレキル、シクロアルキル こはァリール )4Β一、(I^SO^sClR1は置換基を有す ることのあるアルキノレ基、置猫を有することのあるハロゲン化アルキル基、置纏を有することの あるァリーノレ基 }、 Rf-BF3一 (式中、 Rfは C„FM、 nは:!〜 4の S¾を示す)力、らなる S¾) 選ば Ιΐ^δァ 二オン成分を有する常温溶 »^ ON, chromatic sulfonimide ion, a carboxylate ion, monovalent or Reho ions, (which may have a置纏Anorekiru, cycloalkyl This Ariru) 4 beta one, (I ^ SO ^ SCLR 1 substituent Alkynole groups, which may have cats, halogenated alkyl groups which may have cats, Certain aryl groups}, Rf-BF 3 (where Rf is C „F M , n is S: from :! to 4), and S¾ is selected.
項 2. 項 1に記載の常温溶融塩 ¾ ^む電気化学デノ^ Item 2. Room temperature molten salt as described in Item 1
項 3. リチウム二次電池、電気二謂キャパシター、太陽電池またはエレクト口クロミックデノ^ fスで ある項 2に記載の電気化学デバイス。 本発明の常温溶 ϋ ^は、 び不揮発性を有することから、 性の髙レヽ電気化学デバ イスを錢することが可能で fe¾。 Item 3. The electrochemical device according to Item 2, which is a lithium secondary battery, an electric secondary capacitor, a solar cell, or an electoric chromic anode. Since the room-temperature solution of the present invention has non-volatility, it can be used as a non-volatile electrochemical device.
本発明の常温溶融塩の融点は、通常 100°C以下、好ましくは 80°C以下、より好ましくは 60°C以 下、さらに好ましくは 40°C以下、特に 25°C以下である。例えば燃料電池に使用する には 10 0。C以下の常温溶融塩を広く使用することができる。一方、太陽鼇池ゃエレクト口クロミックデノ^ fス、 リチウム および電気二翻キャパシターでは常温溶融塩の脑ま室温 (25°C)以下が好ましぐ より好ましくは 0°C以下、特に一 20°C以下で のがさらに好ましレ、。  The melting point of the room temperature molten salt of the present invention is generally 100 ° C or lower, preferably 80 ° C or lower, more preferably 60 ° C or lower, further preferably 40 ° C or lower, and particularly preferably 25 ° C or lower. For example, 100 for fuel cell use. Room temperature molten salt of C or less can be widely used. On the other hand, the temperature of the molten salt is preferably lower than room temperature (25 ° C), more preferably 0 ° C or lower, and particularly preferably 1 The following is even more preferred.
本発明の常温溶融塩の力チ才ン成分は、揮 I·生 ϋ溶媒に力チ才ン†4¾を馨人したものであ る。  The power component of the room-temperature molten salt of the present invention is obtained by adding a power source of {4} to the volatile solvent.
(1)カチオン'隨  (1) Cation
カチオン '隠としては、アンモニゥム基、; レホニゥム基、ホ ゥム等のォニクムカチオンが例 示され、好ましくはアンモニゥム基である。カチオン' |4¾は 1つの有機溶媒化合物に 1個 は 2個 以上、好ましくは 1個 こは 2個導入することができる。  Examples of the cation include an ammonium group, a phonium cation such as a phomonium group, and a phome, and preferably an ammonium group. One or more cations || 4} can be introduced into one organic solvent compound, preferably one or two.
本発明の好ましレヽ雄形態にぉレ、て、好ましレ、有機溶媒化合物としては、酸素原子を 1または 2 以上含む有機藤 (例えばエーテル、アルコール、エステル、カーボネート、クリコール、ク、リコール モノエーテルなど)が挙げら L¾。また、 4級アンモニゥム基は、瞧原子に し^^素原子に導 入さ ¾のが好ましい。  In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic solvent compound includes one or more oxygen atoms (for example, ethers, alcohols, esters, carbonates, cholesterols, alcohols, alcohols). Ether, etc.). Further, the quaternary ammonium group is preferably introduced into a 瞧 atom instead of a 瞧 atom.
このようなカチオン'瞧ま有機溶媒に必要に応じ ττルキレン基を介して有機溶媒に導入され る。有機溶媒としては、常圧での沸点力 OO°C〜300°C、好ましくは 30°C〜300°Cであって、常温 で固 たは液体の化合物が例示され、具体的には以下の化合物が例示さ :  Such a cation is introduced into the organic solvent via a ττ alkylene group as needed. Examples of the organic solvent include compounds having a boiling point at normal pressure of OO ° C to 300 ° C, preferably 30 ° C to 300 ° C, and which are solid or liquid at normal temperature. Compounds are exemplified:
'エーテル類:ジェチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、テトラヒドロピラン、ジイソプロビルエーテル、ジ フエニルエーテル、ァエソール、フ: トール、グァ^ Tコールなど; 'Ethers: getyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, diisopropyl ether, diphenyl ether, aesol, f: toll, gua ^ T-coal, etc .;
• ァノ レンク コール類:エチレンクリコール、プロピレンクリコール、プチレンク、リコール、ジェチ レンク、、リコール、トリエチレンダリコールなど;  • Anolenkcols: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, petitylene, recall, jetylene, recall, triethylenedalicol, etc .;
. アルキレンクコ一ノ ノアルキルエーテル類:エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ェチレ ングリコールモノェチルエーテル、プロピレンク コ一ノ ノメチルエーテル、プロピレンクリコー ルモノエチルェ—テル、プチレンク Uコ—ノ^ eノメチルエ^ "テル、フ^レンク Uコ一ノ^ ノエチノレ エーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジェチレングリコーノ でノエチルエーテル など; • アルキレンク,リ: 3—/レジアルキルエーテル類:エチレングリ ;π—ノレジメチルエーテノ DME)ヽェチ レンダリコ一/レジェチルエーテル、プロピレングリコー/レジメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコー ノレジェチノレエ一テル、プチレンク、、リコールジメチノレエ一テル、プチレンク、リコー/レジェチノレエ一 テル、ジエチレンク,リコーノレジメチルエーテル、ジェチレングリコーノレジェチル工一テルなど; . エステル類:酢 チル、酢酸ェチル、酉懺プロピル、酢酸プチル、プロピオ ^^チル、プロピ ォ ^ェチル、プロピオ プ口ピル、プロピオ g食ブチル、ギ チル、ギ被ェチル、キ避プロ ピル、キ プチル、安息香 チル、安息香酸ェチル、安息香酸プロピル、安息香酸ブチルな ど; Alkylene alcohol monoalkyl ethers: Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene alcohol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, petylene glycol U-e-nomethyl ether , Flenk U-monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, dimethylene glycol and ethyl ether, etc .; • Alkylene glycol, 3-: resin alkyl ethers: ethylene glycol; π-nordimethyletheno DME) polyethylene Rendarico 1 / regetyl ether, propylene glycol / ledimethyl ether, propylene glycol Recohol dimethinole ether, petitylene, Ricoh / rejetinole ether, diethylene glycol, riconeole dimethyl ether, dimethylene glycolone regetyl, etc .; esters: acetyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, propio ^^ tyl, propio ^ ethyl, propiolipene pill, propio g butyl, glycyl, guilty ethyl, quinopropyl, cyptyl, benzoyl, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, etc. ;
• ラクト MS: プチロラクトン (GBL)など  • Lact MS: Petyrolactone (GBL) etc.
· 外 f :ァセト ΑΤΝ)、ァセチルアセトン、メチルェチルケトン、シクロへキサノン、シク σペンタ ノ ^よど; · Outer f: aceto ΑΤΝ), acetylacetone, methylethylketone, cyclohexanone, cyclo σ pentano, etc .;
• ヘテロ芳¾ ^ 素:ピリジ ¾ど  • Heterogeneous ^ ^ element: Piriji Pondo
• 月 ィ 素:シクロペンタン、シクロ^^サン、メチノレンク口へキサ ¾ど:  • Molybdenum: cyclopentane, cyclo ^^ san, methinolenk hexone
• ヘテロ脂環式化合物:、:^サン、モルホリン、ピロリジ ¾ど;  • Heteroalicyclic compounds:,: San, morpholine, pyrrolidine, etc .;
. スルフイド類:ジメチルスルフイド、ジェチルスルフイド、ジ一 n—プロピルスルフイド、ジィ ロピ ノレスノレフイドなど;  Sulfides: dimethyl sulfide, getyl sulfide, di-n-propyl sulfide, dipropyl olenos sulfide, etc .;
• 炭酸エステル類:ェチレ > ^ーボネー KEC)、プロピレンカーボネー KPC)、プチレンカーボネート. ジェチルカーボネー KDEC)、ジメチルカーボネートなど;  • Carbonates: Echile> ^ -bonnet KEC), propylene carbonate KPC), butylene carbonate. Jethyl carbonate KDEC), dimethyl carbonate, etc .;
• アルコール類;エタノール、 n—プロパノール、ィガロハソール、 n—ブタノール、イソブタノール. sec—ブタノール、 tert—ブタノールなど; このような有機溶媒にカチオン隨 ¾Γ¾λする方法としては、以下の方法が挙げら i¾。 • Alcohols; ethanol, n -propanol, igalohasole, n-butanol, isobutanol. Sec-butanol, tert-butanol, etc .; Examples of methods for cation λ to such organic solvents include the following.
Figure imgf000004_0001
Figure imgf000004_0001
(式中、 Organic Solventは、上記の有機溶媒を示し、 Raはアルキル基を示す。 Z〖^ΝΚ 2、 PR 2、 こは SR1を示す。 Nは窒素原子、 Pはリン原子、 Sは硫黄原子 々表す。 R1, R2は同一又は異 なつ T 、T¾よぐアルキル基、ハロアルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルキノ ォ基、 リエーテル基、 置 れてレ、Τ¾ょレヽァリール基、置 れてレ、Τ¾ょレヽァラルキル基またはアルコキシアルキル 基を示し、 Ζが NR 2の齢、 R1及ひ: R2は窒素原子と一緒になつて 5〜8員環の ¾^れ T、ても ょレ、含窒素複素環基 ¾城し Tfcょレ、。 Xは脱纖を示す。 ) R Raで表さ アルキル基としては、メチル、ェチル、 n—プロピル、ィ ^0口ピノレ、 n—プチル、 sec—プチノレ、ィ 、、チノレ、 t -プチノレ、ペンチル、へキシノレ、ヘプチル、ォクチノレ、ノニノレ、デシノレ、 ゥンデシル、ドデシル、トリデシル、テトラデシル、へキサデシル、ォクタデシル、 コシルなどの炭 素数 1〜20、好ましくは炭素数:!〜 6,より好ましくは炭素数 1〜3の直叙は分枝を有するアルキ ル基が挙げら 。 (In the formula, Organic Solvent represents the above organic solvent, Ra represents an alkyl group, Z。 ^ ΝΚ 2 , PR 2 , and SR 1. N represents a nitrogen atom, P represents a phosphorus atom, and S represents Represents sulfur atoms, R 1 and R 2 are the same or different, and T, T-alkyl group, haloalkyl group, alkoxy group, alkino group, reether group, Te Les indicates Τ¾ Yo Rere Ararukiru group or an alkoxyalkyl group, Zeta is NR 2 instar, R 1及Hi: R 2 is ¾ ^ is the connexion 5-8 membered ring such together with the nitrogen atom T, evenレ, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group 基 城 し Tfc レ, X indicates de-fibre.) The alkyl group represented by RR a, methyl, Echiru, n- propyl, I ^ 0 necked Pinore, n- heptyl, sec- Puchinore, I ,, Chinore, t - Kishinore Puchinore, pentyl, heptyl, Okuchinore, Nonionic, decinole, pendecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, kosyl, etc. have 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms. And an alkyl group having the same.
ハロアルキル基としては、上記アルキル基の水素原子の少なくとも 1つがハロゲン原子 (塩素、臭 素、フッ素、ヨウ素)、特にフッ素原子で儻 れた炭素数:!〜 20、好ましくは炭素数 1〜6,より好ま しくは炭素数ト 3の直細ま分枝を有するハロアルキル基が挙げら;½。  As the haloalkyl group, the number of carbon atoms in which at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the above alkyl group is a halogen atom (chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine), especially a fluorine atom:! To 20, preferably 1 to 6, More preferably, it is a haloalkyl group having a straight and fine branch having 3 to 3 carbon atoms;
アルコキシ基としては (0—上記アルキル)構造を有する炭素数ト 2。、好ましくは炭素数 1〜6, より好ましくは炭素数 1〜3の直鎖又は分枝を有するアルコキシ基が挙げち; Tb5。  The alkoxy group has (0—the above alkyl) structure having 2 carbon atoms. Tb5, preferably a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
アルキノ ォ基としては、(S—上記アルキル)構造を有する炭素数〜 20、好ましくは炭素数 1 〜6,より好ましくは炭素数ト 3の戲奴は分技を有するァノ ノ ォ基が挙げら 。  Examples of the alkino group include those having a (S—alkyl) structure and having 20 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 carbon atoms. Et al.
ァリール基としては、フエニル基、トルィル基、キシリル基、ェチルフエ二ノレ基、 1, 3, 5—トリメチノレ フエニル基などの炭素数 6〜10のァリール基が挙げら; Tu5。  Examples of the aryl group include an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, an ethylphenyl group, and a 1,3,5-trimethinolephenyl group; Tu5.
ァラルキル基としては、ベンジル、フ^チル、ナフチルメチルなどの炭素数 7〜15のァラルキル 基が挙げら ½  Examples of the aralkyl group include aralkyl groups having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, such as benzyl, phenyl, naphthylmethyl and the like.
アルコキシアルキル基のアルコキシ基及ひァノ^ル基は flit己と同様であり、直 は分枝を有 する炭素数:!〜 20アルコキシ基で僵齡れた直 ま分枝を有する炭纖ト 20のアルキル基 が挙げられ、特にメ 1キンメチル SiCH Cト Q、メ 1キンェチル ¾(0¾。Η20。Η )、エトキシメチル基 (cao C^CH^エトキシェチル ¾(σ¾α¾ο CH2CHが例示さ i^。 The alkoxy group and the alkoxy group of the alkoxyalkyl group are the same as those of flit, and the number of carbon atoms directly branched is! ~ 20. include alkyl groups of 20, Tokunime 1 Kinmechiru SiCH C DOO Q, main 1 Kinechiru ¾ (0¾.Η 2 0.Η), ethoxymethyl group (cao C ^ CH ^ Etokishechiru ¾ (σ¾α¾ο CH 2 CH exemplified is i ^.
ポリエーテル基としては、 -{ci-^-o-CCHC^o)^ crc4アルキル)、または、 -(ci-¾-o-The polyether group, - {ci - ^ - o -CCHC ^ o) ^ c r c 4 alkyl), or, - (ci-¾-o-
(CH2CH(CH3)C¾- C4アルキル)で表さ l¾基が挙げられ、 nlは:!〜 4の ¾¾、 n2は 1〜4の 、 CrQァノ ルとしては、メチル、ェチル、 n-プロピル、イソプロピル、 n -ブチル、ィガチル、 sec"ブ チル、 tert -プチルが例示さ l 5。 (CH 2 CH (CH3) C¾- C 4 alkyl) L¾ group represented by may be mentioned, nl is: a ~ 4 ¾¾, n2 is 1 to 4, the CrQ § Bruno Le, methyl, Echiru, n Examples include -propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, igatyl, sec "butyl, and tert-butyl.
また、 I^iR2は、 Lらが結合してレ、る窒素原子と一緒になつて、 5〜8員環、好ましくは 5員環ま たは 6員環の含窒素複素環基 (ピロリジニゥム、ピベリジユウム、ピロリュケム、ピリジ-ゥム等) 成し ¾よい。 In addition, I ^ iR 2 is a 5- to 8-membered, preferably 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group (pyrrolidinium) , Piberidinium, pyrrolychem, pyrididium, etc.).
嫌己アルキル基の任意の位置の C—C単結合の間に一 Ο—、一 COO—、一 CO—、を 1個また は複数個介在させて、エーテル、エステルまたはケト «造とし T¾よい。  An ether, ester or keto structure may be formed by interposing one or more Ο—, one COO—, or one CO— between C—C single bonds at any position of the terrible alkyl group. .
ァリール基、ァラルキル基の置錢としては、ハロゲン原子 (F、 Cl、 Br、 I)、 7纖、メ シ基、二 トロ基、ァセチル基、ァセチルァミノ基などが挙げら;½。  Examples of the aryl and aralkyl groups include halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I), 7-fiber, mesh, nitro, acetyl, and acetylamino.
Xは鹏 し、具体的には、髓原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、 ン ^レ ル基、 P—トル エンスルホニル どが挙げら; H¾。 X is a small number, and specific examples thereof include a chromium atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a thiol group, and P- toluenesulfonyl;
好ましレヽ 1つの 形態にぉレヽて、本発明は、低沸点、高揮発 I·生の雄に 4級アンモユウム基を 導入して、常温溶融塩に導く。 4乎及アンモニゥム化は、上記のように、翻 tSと第三被アミンを さ せて行っても良く、アミノ¾½む灘のァミノ基を赚化し 1¾ょレ、。 According to one preferred embodiment, the present invention introduces a quaternary ammonium group into a low-boiling, high-volatility, I-raw male to lead to a room temperature molten salt. 4 As described above, the conversion of ammonia and tertiary amines You may go and decompose the amino group of the amino acid nada.
(2)ァニオン成分 (2) Anion component
本発明の常温溶融塩のァニオン成分としては、以下に例示さ; ^ァニオ^^細可能で ¾>¾: • オン: CI-, Br -, F一, Γ、 SCN -、 C104 -、: BF4-、 BC14-、 BBr4_、 PF6-、 -,The Anion component of the ambient temperature molten salt of the present invention, is illustrated below; ^ Anio ^^ fine possible ¾> ¾: • On: CI-, Br -, F one, Γ, SCN -, C10 4 - ,: BF 4 -, BC1 4 -, BBr 4 _, PF 6 -, -,
17一, A1C14—、AsF6—など; 1 7 one, A1C1 4 -, AsF 6 -, and the like;
. レホンイミドイオン { (RSO^ -、 Rは置換基を有することのあるアルキル基、置腿を有するこ とのあるハロゲン化アルキル基、置換基を有することのあるァリール基 }、  Lemonimide ion {(RSO ^-, R is an alkyl group which may have a substituent, a halogenated alkyl group which may have a thigh, an aryl group which may have a substituent},
•1価又は カルボン酸イオン;例えば碰イオン、キ イオン、プロピオン酸イオン、酪酸イオン、 吉鞴イオン、イソ吉草酸イオン、トリフルォロ酢酸イオン、 ルォロ酢酸イオン、モ ルォロ酢 酸イオン、トリクロ口酢酸ィ才ン、ジクロロ酉乍酉矣ィ才ン、モノクロ口酉乍酸ィ才ン、孚し酸ィ才ン、グ!;コール 酸イオン、リ ^イオン、  • Monovalent or carboxylate ions; for example, zwitterion, chiion, propionate ion, butyrate ion, velvet ion, isovalerate ion, trifluoroacetate ion, fluoroacetate ion, chloroacetate ion, trichloroacetate ion , Dichloro Rooster, Monochrome Mouth Rooster, Roof Acid, Gu! ; Cholate ion, lithium ion,
•1価又は 面スルホ イオン (Rb_so3—; -O3S-RC-SO3-; RBは置 れてレ、τ¾ょレヽァ ルキル基貌は置 れ T ヽてもよレヽァリール基、 RCは置 れてレヽ τ¾ょレヽアルキレン基または 置換されてい τ¾よいァリーレン基、ァリール基またはアルキル基は、水纖、シァノ基、メ シ基、 エトキシ基、メチレン、:^シ基、フッ素原子、驢原子、臭素原子で «齡れ Tヽてもよレヽ);例え ばベンゼンスルホン酸イオン、トルエンスルホ イオン、 • Monovalent or planar sulfo ion (R b _so 3 —; -O 3 SR C -SO 3- ; R B is located, τ is a real alkyl group, and T is a realyl group , RC is a tertiary alkylene group or a substituted arylene group, aryl group or alkyl group is a water fiber, a cyano group, a methyl group, an ethoxy group, a methylene group, a fluorine group, a fluorine atom , Butterflies, bromine, etc.); for example, benzenesulfonate, toluenesulfonate,
Q^a^— S03— (X1は同一または異なって H, Fまたは Cl、 n=l〜6)、じ ¾_ (3〇31は同 —または つ TH, Fまたは Cl、 11=1〜6)カ例示さ ; Q ^ a ^ - S0 3 - (X 1 are the same or different H, F or Cl, n = l~6), Ji ¾ _ (3_Rei 3 - 1 same - or Tsu TH, F or Cl, 11 = 1 to 6) Examples:
• (置換基を有することのあるアルキル、シクロアノレキルまたはァリール) 4B—; • (optionally substituted alkyl, cycloanorealkyl or aryl) 4 B—;
例えば (Ph)4B— , (Et)3(シクロへキシル) B—など、 For example, (Ph) 4 B—, (Et) 3 (cyclohexyl) B—
• (RbS02)3C- {Rbは鍵己に定義さ b¾通りである }
Figure imgf000006_0001
• (R b S0 2 ) 3 C- {R b is b¾ defined as key}
Figure imgf000006_0001
•Rf- BF3— (式中、 Rfは CnF2n+l、 nは 1〜4の難女を示す)、例えば CF3BF3、じ2 、 C BF3、 C4FgBF3等が挙げられ、 CnF2n+lは纖であっても分岐を有してい Tfcよい。 • Rf-BF 3 — (wherein, Rf represents CnF2n + l, and n represents 1-4 women), such as CF 3 BF 3 , Ji 2 , C BF 3 , and C 4 FgBF 3 ; Even if CnF2n + l is a fiber, it has a branch and Tfc is good.
らのァ二オン成分は であるか、 の!^去により容易に製造することができる。  What are their components? It can be manufactured more easily by leaving.
本発明の常温溶融塩は、上記の力チ才ン成分と了ニ才ン成分を混合することにより容易に製造 することができる。  The room-temperature molten salt of the present invention can be easily produced by mixing the above-mentioned components.
上記のカチオン成分及ひァ-オン成分は、各々単一成分であつ T¾よいが、 2種以上の成分を 組み合わせて使用し Τ¾良ぐその配合比率は嫁である。  The above-mentioned cation component and thione component are each a single component, but the combination ratio of two or more components is good.
常温溶融塩を ¾ための:^ ¾SJ^は、所望の溶融塩が抽出可能である ¾ ^には、溶難出 法により衍ことができ、或レ、は、ァニォ 爾脂 ¾iしてカチオン成分のカウンターァニオンを 溶 融 SJ ^ can be extracted by the leaching method to obtain the desired molten salt カ チ オ ン SJ ^ The counter anion
OH—に変換した後、 H— (ァニオン成分)激夜を当量添カロすることにより ¾ことができる。 After conversion to OH—, H— (anion component) can be obtained by adding an equivalent amount of calorie.
本発明の常温溶融塩は、リチウム二次 «¾、電気二 キャパシター、燃料 池、太陽電池等 の電気化学デノ ス、化学 の翻として適し" TV、る。  The room-temperature molten salt of the present invention is suitable for electrochemical denomination of lithium secondary batteries, electric two-capacitors, fuel tanks, solar cells, and the like, as well as the conversion of chemistry.
例えば、本発明の常温溶融塩を、リチウム二次 «:池に用レ、る活性の高レヽ炭賴極やリチウム負 極に対して電気化学的に不安定な常温溶融塩 (例えば、 1-ェチノ 3-メチルイミダゾリゥムテトラフ ルォロボレート等)に添加することなり、負極 _hへの不動態皮 S新缄により見掛け上電気化学安 定性を大幅に向上させることがでさる。しかも 剤となるものも常温溶融塩であるため、全体とし ての動鞭の隱生が保 LSo For example, the room temperature molten salt of the present invention can be used in a lithium secondary battery, a room temperature molten salt that is electrochemically unstable to a highly active coal electrode or lithium anode (eg, 1- Etino 3-methylimidazolymtetraf (E.g., fluoroborate), and the passive stability of S to the negative electrode_h can significantly improve the apparent electrochemical stability. In addition, since the agent is also a molten salt at room temperature, the overall movement is maintained.
発明を実施するための最良の形態  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例には限定されない。 実施例 1 ジメ! ^シェタン (DME)のイオン性液体化: 1- (2 -メ 1キン -エトキシェチル) -トメチノ ピぺ リジユウムービス (トリフルォロメチルスルホ -ル)イミド (MEE P FSI) の合成  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Example 1 ^ Ionic liquefaction of shetan (DME): Synthesis of 1- (2-mequine-ethoxyshethyl) -tomethinopyridinium-bis (trifluoromethylsulfol-l) imide (MEE P FSI)
1—プロモェ! ^シー 2—メトキシェタン 50gをアセトン 30QmLに溶解し 1Lのフラスコにレヽれ,等 モノ V*のメチルビペリジン (MP)ァセト ί鎌 浴で冷却しなが 商下混合し,室温下で辦。 1 8h後,アセトン及び水を^^ポレータにて留去することにより白色粉末ト (2-メトキシ-ェ シェチ ル H-メチ/ ピベリジ二ゥム臭化物 (MEE P-Br)を ¾ (収率 90%) 0アセトン/エタノール混合溶 媒にて再結晶を行レ、精製したものと Li- TFSI (リチウムビス (トリフルォロメシルスルホニルイミド) )を 超高純度水 (以下 irilli-Q水と略す)水中で等モノ 混合すると,水に不溶の目的生成物 (MEEMF FSI)が分离浙するので^ Llrジクロロメタ^抽出する。抽出したジク口口 辯夜に当 髓の raffi- Q水を加え再度辦の後,ジクロロ^ 目を分液ロートにて分取し、ロータリー^ ポレータにてジクロロメタンを留去し,最終的に 7o°cに加熱し τ¾空乾燥を行って目的物 Dissolve 50 g of 2-methoxyethane in 30 QmL of acetone and place in a 1-L flask. Equivalent Mono-V * methylbiperidine (MP) acetate-Mix in a sickle bath while mixing, and mix at room temperature. . After 18 hours, acetone and water were distilled off using a ^^ porator to obtain white powder (2-methoxy-ethyl H-methyl / piberidium bromide (MEE P-Br)) (yield 90%). %) 0 Recrystallized with a mixed solvent of acetone / ethanol, purified and Li-TFSI (lithium bis (trifluoromesylsulfonylimide)) was converted to ultra-high-purity water (hereinafter abbreviated as irilli-Q water). When mixed in water, the target product insoluble in water (MEEMF FSI) separates and is extracted with ^ Llr dichlorometa. Add raffi-Q water to the extracted jig mouth mouth and add the raffin-Q water again. After that, dichloro eyes are separated by a separating funnel, dichloromethane is distilled off by a rotary porator, and finally heated to 7 ° C and dried by τ¾ air to obtain the desired product.
( EEMP-TFSI)を得た (収率 70%)。 UTFSIのかわりに LiPF6を用レヽることにより室温で溶融する MEE P~PF6を ¾事ができる。 (EEMP-TFSI) was obtained (yield 70%). By using LiPF 6 instead of UTFSI, MEE P to PF 6 that melt at room temperature can be obtained.
.CH3 .CH 3
Λ /、 CY Λ /, CY
Figure imgf000007_0001
Figure imgf000007_0001
ο- ο-
MEEMP-C1 MEEMP-C1
LiTFSI
Figure imgf000007_0002
LiTFSI
Figure imgf000007_0002
, MEEMP-TFSI  , MEEMP-TFSI
MEEM TFSIの密度 (25。C): 1.40g/mL MEEM TFSI density (25.C): 1.40g / mL
MEE F-TFSIの MRによる分析値は以下の通りである。  The analysis values of MEE F-TFSI by MR are as follows.
iH— MRfcpn d etone, δ 1.73(m), δ 2.01(m), δ 3.31(s), δ 3.33(s), δ 3.52(m), δ 3.57(m),3.64(m), δ 3.79 5 4.06(s)) iH—MRfcpn d etone, δ 1.73 (m), δ 2.01 (m), δ 3.31 (s), δ 3.33 (s), δ 3.52 (m), δ 3.57 (m), 3.64 (m), δ 3.79 5 4.06 (s))
13C— MROppm](d-acetone, δ 20.6, δ 21.6, δ 49.8, δ 58.7, δ 62.8, δ 63.4, δ 64.9, δ 70.8, δ 72.2 δ 116.1, δ 119.3, δ 122.5, δ 125.6 ppm) 実施例 2ジェチルカーボネート (DEC)のイオン性液体化:(1—ェ シカルポ'二口キシェチル)トリ メチルアンモニゥムービス (トリフルォロメチルスルホニル)イミド (ECET A - TFSI)の合成 13 C—MROppm] (d-acetone, δ 20.6, δ 21.6, δ 49.8, δ 58.7, δ 62.8, δ 63.4, δ 64.9, δ 70.8, δ 72.2 δ 116.1, δ 119.3, δ 122.5, δ 125.6 ppm) Example 2 Ionic liquefaction of getyl carbonate (DEC): Synthesis of (1-ethylcarbo'two-port quichetyl) trimethylammonium mobilis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (ECET A-TFSI)
鐘例 1の 1ーブロモェ シ一 2—メトキシェタンの力わりに 1—クロロェチルカーボネートを {魏 する以外は同 順で標記ィ匕合物を得^収率 77%  The title compound was obtained in the same order except that 1-chloroethyl carbonate was used instead of 1-bromoethyl-2-methoxyethane in Example 1, and the yield was 77%.
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000008_0001
ECETMA-TFSI  ECETMA-TFSI
ECETMA-TFSIの MRによる分析値は以下の通りである。  The analysis values of ECETMA-TFSI by MR are as follows.
- MRfcpm](d- methanol, δ 1.34(t), δ 1.71(d), δ 3.18(s), δ 4.31(q),5.94(q))  -MRfcpm] (d-methanol, δ 1.34 (t), δ 1.71 (d), δ 3.18 (s), δ 4.31 (q), 5.94 (q)
13C- MR[ppm](d - methanol, δ 14.3, δ 14.7, δ 49.6, δ 67.1, δ 93.3, δ 116.3, δ 119.5, δ 122.67, δ 125.8, δ 153.3) 実施例 3 アセトンのイオン性液体化:トリメチル (2 - ガロピル) -アンモニゥム—ビス (トリフルォ ロメチルスルホ-ル)イミド (ΤΜΟΡΑ - TFSI)の合成 13 C-MR [ppm] (d-methanol, δ 14.3, δ 14.7, δ 49.6, δ 67.1, δ 93.3, δ 116.3, δ 119.5, δ 122.67, δ 125.8, δ 153.3) Example 3 Ionic liquid of acetone Synthesis: Synthesis of trimethyl (2-gallopyr) -ammonium-bis (trifluoromethylsulfol) imide (ΤΜΟΡΑ-TFSI)
Figure imgf000008_0002
Figure imgf000008_0002
TMOPA-TFSI  TMOPA-TFSI
実施例 1の 1ーブロモェ シー 2—メトキシェタンの力わりにブロモアセトンを使用する]^は同 順で標記化合物を得, 収率 30%  In Example 1, bromoacetone is used instead of 1-bromoethyl-2-methoxyethane.] ^ Gives the title compound in the same order, yield 30%
TMOPA-TFSIの MRによる分析値は以下の通りである。  The analysis values of TMOPA-TFSI by MR are as follows.
- MRfcpmKd - acetone, δ 2.26(s), δ 3.47(s), δ 4.76(s))  -MRfcpmKd-acetone, δ 2.26 (s), δ 3.47 (s), δ 4.76 (s))
13C-NMR[ppm] (d-acetone, δ 28.4, δ 54.5, δ 70.4, δ 116,0, δ 119.2, δ 122.4, δ 125.6, δ 200.0) 実施例 4 γ一プチロラクトンのイオン性液体化:トリメチル (2— ソーテトラヒドロフラン一 3—ィル) アンモニゥムーアンモニゥムービス (トリフルォロメチルスルホニル)イミド (TMOTFA- TFSI)の合成
Figure imgf000009_0001
13 C-NMR [ppm] (d-acetone, δ 28.4, δ 54.5, δ 70.4, δ 116,0, δ 119.2, δ 122.4, δ 125.6, δ 200.0) Example 4 Ionic liquefaction of γ-butyrolactone: Synthesis of trimethyl (2-sotetrahydrofuran-1-yl) ammonium ammoniabis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (TMOTFA-TFSI)
Figure imgf000009_0001
TMOTFA-TFSI  TMOTFA-TFSI
原料となる臭化物の合成までは実施例 1の 1—ブロモエトキシ— 2—メトキシェタンのかわりにブ ロモ γプチロラクトンをィ¾¾する以外は同 順で合成 (収率 80%)。再結晶溶媒は実施例 1のァ セトン /エタノールの力、わりにエタノール /|乍酸ェチルを删。 物 (TMOTFA-TFSI)カ¾|<に溶解 するため TFSIへのァニオン交換は水中ではなく, ノール中で行レ、, ノールを^ポレータ で留去後,ジクロロメタ/" e抽出 (収率 30%)。  The synthesis was performed in the same order except that bromo γ-butyrolactone was used instead of 1-bromoethoxy-2-methoxyethane in Example 1 until the synthesis of the bromide as a raw material (80% yield). The solvent used for recrystallization was the acetone / ethanol power of Example 1, but ethanol / ethyl ether was used instead. Substance (TMOTFA-TFSI) dissolves in carbon dioxide, so anion exchange to TFSI should be performed not in water, but in ethanol, and ethanol should be distilled off with ^ porator, and then dichlorometa / "e extraction (30% yield) ).
TMOTFA-TFSIの MRによる分析値は以下の通りである。  The analysis values of TMOTFA-TFSI by MR are as follows.
3.01(ρ), δ 3.55(s), δ 4.43(b), δ 4.63(m), δ 5.07(m)) 3.01 (ρ), δ 3.55 (s), δ 4.43 (b), δ 4.63 (m), δ 5.07 (m))
Figure imgf000009_0002
δ 25.4, δ 52.9, δ 58.4, δ 65.8, δ 116.3, δ 119.5, δ 122.6, δ 125.8, δ 170.0) 実施例 5 エチレンカーボネート (EC)のイオン性液体化:トリメチル (2 - ソ- [1'3]-½^ソラン - 4- ィル)アンモユウム-ビス (トリフルォロメチルスルホエル)イミド (TMODA - TFSI)の合成
Figure imgf000009_0002
δ 25.4, δ 52.9, δ 58.4, δ 65.8, δ 116.3, δ 119.5, δ 122.6, δ 125.8, δ 170.0) Example 5 Ionic liquefaction of ethylene carbonate (EC): trimethyl (2-so- [1 ′ Synthesis of 3] -½ ^ sorane-4-yl) ammonium-bis (trifluoromethylsulfoel) imide (TMODA-TFSI)
Figure imgf000009_0003
Figure imgf000009_0003
ECTMA-CI TMODA-TFSI 原料となる 物の合成までは実施例 1の 1 -プロモエトキシ- 2 -メトキシェタンのかわり 化工 チレンカーボネートを^ fflする以外は同じ手順で合成した (収率 7Wo)0 ^物は水と ®¾して分 解するため、 TFSIァニオンへの交 ¾¾¾まァセトニトリル溶 行レヽ、分离 f る副 物 (UC1)を 除去し、ジクロロメタ^?抽出した (収率 45%) ECTMA-CI TMODA-TFSI material become to synthesis of things in 1 Example 1 - Promo ethoxy - 2 - a place Kako Ji Ren carbonate Metokishetan ^ except that ffl was prepared in the same procedure (yield 7Wo) 0 ^ things Decomposes with water to remove the by-products (UC1) from the TFSI anion. Extracted (Yield 45%)
TMODA-TFSIの Rによる分析値は以下の通りである。 The analysis values of TMODA-TFSI by R are as follows.
- MRlppm d - acetone, δ 3.21(s), δ 4.88(m), δ 5.12(m), δ 5.90(m))  -MRlppm d-acetone, δ 3.21 (s), δ 4.88 (m), δ 5.12 (m), δ 5.90 (m))
13C-NMRbpra] (d— acetone, δ 45.5, δ 65.8, δ 94.0, δ 116.3, δ 119.5, δ 122.7, δ 125.9, δ 152.5) 鍵例 6 13 C-NMRbpra] (d-acetone, δ45.5, δ65.8, δ94.0, δ116.3, δ119.5, δ122.7, δ125.9, δ152.5) Key example 6
原料の溶媒としてプロピレンカーボネート (PC)を使用し、常法に従レヽメチル基 原子を導入 し、さらにトリェチルアミンを させ、さらにァニォ を行うことにより、以下のプロピレンカー ポネート (PC)のイオン性液体を ¾ことができる。
Figure imgf000010_0001
試験例 1
By using propylene carbonate (PC) as a solvent for the raw material, introducing a dimethyl group atom according to a conventional method, further reacting with triethylamine, and further performing an anneal, the following ionic liquid of propylene carbonate (PC) is obtained.で き る Can.
Figure imgf000010_0001
Test example 1
—プチロラクトン (GBL)、プロピレンカーボネート (PC) ,雄例 3で得られ^ ECETMA— C1 (カウンターァ-オ^^ αである難例 2の常温溶融塩の製造中間体)及ひ ECETMA— TFSI (雄例 2で得られた常温溶融^)を加熱し、重量変化を調^)ことで、而搬生を諮 ffi " 結果を図 1 す。  —Ptirolactone (GBL), propylene carbonate (PC), obtained in Male Example 3 ^ ECETMA— C1 (intermediate for production of room temperature molten salt of Difficult Example 2 which is Counter-O ^^ α) and ECETMA— TFSI ( By heating the room-temperature melt obtained in Male Example 2) and adjusting the weight change ^), the results of metaphysical consultation are shown in Fig. 1.
図 1は、物質に熱 こ^^の重量変化をあらわしたものであり,耐熱 I·生の となる。 GBL や PCなどの電池職鞭として用いら 棚溶媒は沸点が 200。C以上であるが,揮资 )·生がある ために, 100。Cより前から揮発して重量が減少してレ、る。 DECも GBLや PCのような有機凝^?あ る。 DECを塩に変換したもの ECETMA- C1は常温で固体の塩であるが, 150°C付近まで安定であ ること,さらに対ァニオンを C1力も TFSIにァユオン交換したもの (ECETMA- TFSI,室温で液体)で はさらに纖 が向上していることが、図 1から明らかである。本発明の常温溶融塩を電池翻早液 として用レヽた齢,娃性が向上することが、図 1の結 ち明らかにされ  Figure 1 shows the change in the weight of heat in a material, which is the heat-resistant I. It is used as a battery for GBL and PCs. The shelf solvent has a boiling point of 200. C or more, but 100 due to the presence of life. Volatile before C and the weight is reduced. DEC is organic like GBL and PC? is there. ECETMA-C1 is a salt that is solid at room temperature, but it is stable up to around 150 ° C. In addition, the anion is exchanged for TFSI with TFSI (ECETMA-TFSI, room temperature). It is clear from Fig. 1 that the fiber (liquid) is further improved. It is clear from FIG. 1 that the use of the room-temperature molten salt of the present invention as a battery early liquid improves the age and performance.
試験例 2 Test example 2
リチウム鹭池で良く使わ; ½溶媒分子は揮撤が高ぐ発火性を有する (DEC:ジェチルカーボ ネート, GBL: y -プチ口ラタトン' EC:エチレンカーボネート)。先ず、 ^ tらの溶媒を加熱し、重量変 ィヒを調^ ¾ことで、蘭生を謝面し, 結果を図 2 す。  Commonly used in lithium batteries; ½ Solvent molecules are highly flammable with high volatilization (DEC: Jethyl carbonate, GBL: y-petit mouth ratataton 'EC: Ethylene carbonate). First, the solvent of ^ t et al. Was heated and the weight change was adjusted to thank Ranko, and the results are shown in Fig. 2.
次に、上記の 3つの溶媒分子にトリメチルアンモニゥム基を修飾してカチオン化し、且つ、ァニォ ンをハロゲンとすると固体の塩となり、 200°Cでも揮発 L¾い。該固体の塩にっレヽての ^折測定 結果を図 3 す。  Next, when the above three solvent molecules are modified with a trimethylammonium group to be cationized and halogen is used as an anion, a solid salt is formed, which is volatile even at 200 ° C. Figure 3 shows the results of a measurement of the solid salt.
さらに、ァニオンをハロゲ^)ゝら TFSIに交換するとさらに耐熱!1生が向上する。対応する TFSI塩 の 析濟赚果を図 4 す。なお、該 Tra塩は、室温でも溶融す wオン瞎本娜成す る。 In addition, further enhanced heat! 1 students and to exchange Anion to halogen ^) Ra TFSI. Figure 4 shows the analysis results of the corresponding TFSI salt. The Tra salt melts even at room temperature.
纖例 3 Fiber example 3
以下の条件で、リチウム電池を し、 ¾¾¾特 I"生を調べ 結果を図 5及び図 6;¾す。 充霞 ·¾βレート 0.1C(300mAh/gを理論値として)  Under the following conditions, a lithium battery is used, and the characteristics are examined. The results are shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. Fig. 5 充 · β rate 0.1C (300mAh / g as theoretical value)
充電は CCCVモード 5mV, 10時間Charging is CCCV mode 5mV, 10 hours
lt 1.2Vカット才フ 9 : 95wt%MC B280(»-5wt%PVdF,集電体は銅箔、対極は U箔を用!/、た 2 ノレ ( ネート) 劇 滅: EM-TFSI + LiTFSKlO wt%,およそ 0.4 M) lt 1.2V cut 9: 95wt% MC B280 (»-5wt% PVdF, current collector uses copper foil, counter electrode uses U foil!), 2 no (Nate) Destruction: EM-TFSI + LiTFSKlO wt%, about 0.4M
EM-TFSI + ECKTMA-TFSI (ί$¾比 5:1) + 10 wt% UTFSI  EM-TFSI + ECKTMA-TFSI (ί $ ¾ ratio 5: 1) + 10 wt% UTFSI
EM-TFSIは電気化学安定 がアンモニゥム系よりも劣ってレヽるが、粘性が比較的低レ、とレヽぅ長 所がある。電気化報定性が悪レ、点は、炭素 極に用レヽた に如実に ¾½。 わち、図 5におレヽて、充電時 (点線)に 50QnL¾ gもの大きな容量を示す力 lは EMカチオンの不可逆 的な還元 が起こつ T、ること、あるレ、は炭素負極への E カチオンの挿入 が起こってレ、 ること、その両方が起きてレ、ることを示唆する。また、觸淮線)にはまったく容量が無く、 EM- TFSIのような電気化鞍定性に劣る系は、全く炭賴極を用レヽる事が不可能である。  EM-TFSI has lower electrochemical stability than ammonium-based, but has the advantage of relatively low viscosity. The electrification reportability was poor, and the point was that it was used for carbon electrodes. In other words, in FIG. 5, the force l that shows a large capacity of 50 QnL¾g during charging (dotted line) is T at which irreversible reduction of EM cations occurs. It indicates that cation insertion has occurred and that both have occurred. In addition, there is no capacity in the (Taihuai line), and a system with poor electrification characteristics such as EM-TFSI cannot use a coal electrode at all.
ところが、今回開発した溶 ¾ft造を有す オン性液体 (ECETMA- TFSI)を少量添ロすることに より、図 6 ί すように、 EM-TFSIにおい T¾良好な 5¾m特 I"生 しうることがわ力 ^ iは、 ECBTMA-TFSIの 科こより炭賴 ¾Jbにレヽゎゆる SEI皮膜 ¾: ^成し、 E Iの や炭素材 ^ の挿入を抑制したためである。このような効果繊来、 DECや GBL'ECのようなカルボエル構造を 有する有漏!" C知られてい, o GBL,ECのような有機溶媒は、赚 I"生や引火 [·生に問題があるが、 今回合成した有機激» ^を有するイオン性液体では、難粘性でありかつ耐熱 が大幅に向上 し、安全 [·生に大きく寄与するものである。  However, by adding a small amount of the on-liquid (ECETMA-TFSI) with a newly developed melt-type structure, as shown in Fig. 6, the EM-TFSI can produce a good 5¾m characteristic I in the EM-TFSI. This is because the strength of the ^^ is due to the formation of the SEI coating on the surface of the BTJb from ECBTMA-TFSI, which suppresses the insertion of EI and carbon materials. Leakage with a Carboel structure like GBL'EC or GBL'EC! "C known, o Organic solvents such as GBL and EC have problems with 赚 I" An ionic liquid having a violent viscosity is hardly viscous and has greatly improved heat resistance, which greatly contributes to safety.
電気化学安定性に優;^)アンモニゥム系ィォ ^夜体におい T¾同様の効果が期待さ 。  Excellent in electrochemical stability; ^) Ammonium-like ^ Night body T-like effect is expected.

Claims

請求の範囲 The scope of the claims
1. 揮撤有機溶媒にカチオン'隨を導入し チオン成分と、 « ^オン、スルホンイミドィ オン、力ルポ イオン、 1価又は 面スルホン酸イオン、(置 を有することのあるアルキル、シ クロアルキル ¾こはァリール )4B -、 〇2)3じ - {R1は置魁を有することのあるアルキル基、置換 基を有することのあるハロゲン化ァノ ル基、置換基を有することの ¾¾ァリール基 }、 Rf- BF3 - (式 中、 Rfは nは〜 4の を示す)からなる ¾όゝら選ば; Ti^ァニオン成分を有する常温溶融 1. Introduce cations into the volatile organic solvent to obtain a thione component, «^ -one, sulfonimide ion, helium ion, monovalent or planar sulfonate ion, (alkyl or cycloalkyl which may have a position). ¾ this Ariru) 4 B -, 〇 2) 3 Ji - {R 1 is ¾¾ of having alkyl group which may have a置魁, halogenated § Bruno Le group which may have a substituent, a substituent Aryl group}, Rf- BF 3- (wherein, Rf represents a value of up to 4); a room temperature melting having a Ti ^ anion component
2. 請求項 1に記載の常温溶融塩 Sr ^む電気化学デノ^ 2. The room temperature molten salt Sr according to claim 1
3. ジチウムニ次鼇池、電気二鶴キャパシター、太陽翁池またはエレクト口クロミックデノ スで fe¾請求項 2に記載の電気化学デノ  3. The electrochemical denomination according to claim 2 using a dichidium di-pond, an electric two crane capacitor, a Taiyoike pond, or an elect-mouth chromic denoise.
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