WO2005008287A1 - 熱中性子束モニタ - Google Patents
熱中性子束モニタ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005008287A1 WO2005008287A1 PCT/JP2004/000481 JP2004000481W WO2005008287A1 WO 2005008287 A1 WO2005008287 A1 WO 2005008287A1 JP 2004000481 W JP2004000481 W JP 2004000481W WO 2005008287 A1 WO2005008287 A1 WO 2005008287A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- scintillator
- light
- neutron flux
- thermal neutron
- nuclide
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T3/00—Measuring neutron radiation
- G01T3/06—Measuring neutron radiation with scintillation detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
- G21C17/108—Measuring reactor flux
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermal neutron flux monitor.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a thermal neutron flux monitor capable of performing stable measurement.
- a thermal neutron flux monitor includes a first scintillator, a second scintillator, and a light detector.
- the first scintillator includes a nuclide that causes a nuclear reaction with thermal neutrons.
- the second scintillator has the nuclide at a concentration lower than that of the first scintillator or is substantially not provided.
- the photodetector is configured to measure a thermal neutron flux based on emission outputs of the first scintillator and the second scintillator.
- Nuclide said first scintillator is provided with, for example, a 1Q B or 6 L i.
- the light emission output used for the measurement is, for example, a difference between the number of light emissions of the first scintillator and the second scintillator having a light amount equal to or more than a threshold value.
- a light guide path for guiding light generated in the first and second scintillators to the detection unit may be arranged between the first and second scintillators and the light detection unit.
- the light guide path includes: a first light guide section disposed between the first scintillator and the light detection section; and a second light guide section disposed between the second scintillator and the light detection section. May be provided.
- the wavelength of the light emitted from the first scintillator and the wavelength of the light emitted from the second scintillator are different, and the light guide path includes light generated in the first scintillator and light generated in the second scintillator. May be guided to the detection unit, and the light detection unit may be configured to measure the thermal neutron flux based on the emission output for each wavelength.
- the light guide path may be constituted by an optical fiber.
- the optical fiber may be detachable at an intermediate portion thereof.
- a reflection layer that reflects light from the first or second scintillator inward and has substantially no sensitivity to thermal neutrons may be provided on the surface of the first or second scintillator.
- a light shielding layer that blocks disturbance light and transmits thermal neutrons may be provided around the first or second scintillator.
- the nuclide may be mixed into the first scintillator. Further, the nuclide may be arranged on a surface of the first scintillator.
- a plastic scintillator may be used as the first or second scintillator.
- the first scintillator and the second scintillator are connected to one light guide path, and light from the first scintillator and the second scintillator are provided at an intermediate portion of the one light guide path. It is also possible to arrange a color spectral filter for separating light from the light guide, and to configure the light guide unit to send each of the separated light to the light detection unit.
- the emission colors of the first scintillator and the second scintillator may be “other than blue and different from each other”.
- a wavelength shifter for converting an emission wavelength may be arranged between the first scintillator and the second scintillator.
- the second scintillator may include a nuclide different in sensitivity to the thermal neutron from the nuclide.
- the light detection unit may be configured to measure a y-ray dose in addition to the thermal neutron flux based on light emission outputs of the first scintillator and the second scintillator according to the present invention.
- the thermal neutron flux monitoring detection element includes a first scintillator, a second scintillator, and a light guide path, and a wavelength of light emitted from the first scintillator and a wavelength of light emitted from the second scintillator are The first scintillator and the second scintillator are arranged at the tip of the light guide path, and the first scintillator and the second scintillator are different from each other. They are arranged in tandem along the extension direction of the optical path.
- the thermal neutron flux measurement method uses a first scintillator and a second scintillator, wherein the first scintillator includes a nuclide that causes a nuclear reaction with a thermal neutron, and the second scintillator includes the nuclide Is provided at a concentration lower than that of the first scintillator or is substantially not provided, and the thermal neutron flux is measured based on the luminous output of the first scintillator and the second scintillator.
- the neutron survey meter according to the present invention having the configuration includes a first scintillator, a second scintillator, and a light detection unit.
- the first scintillator includes a nuclide that causes a nuclear reaction with thermal neutrons.
- the second scintillator converts the nuclide from the first scintillator. Is provided at a low concentration or is substantially not provided.
- the photodetector measures a neutron dose based on emission outputs of the first scintillator and the second scintillator.
- This survey meter further includes a third scintillator.
- the first scintillator and the second scintillator are arranged inside the third scintillator.
- the third scintillator is a moderator for neutrons that reach the first scintillator from outside.
- the light detection unit is configured to measure a fast neutron beam dose applied to the third scintillator by detecting a light emission output from the third scintillator.
- a neutron beam measurement device includes a first scintillator, a second scintillator, a light detection unit, and a moderator.
- the first scintillator includes a nuclide that causes a nuclear reaction with a thermal neutron.
- the second scintillator has the nuclide at a lower concentration than the first scintillator, or has substantially no nuclide.
- the photodetector is configured to measure a neutron dose based on the emission outputs of the first scintillator and the second scintillator.
- the moderator moderates fast neutrons to thermal neutrons. Further, the moderator is arranged around the first and second scintillators.
- the second scintillator in the neutron beam measuring apparatus may include a nuclide having a sensitivity to the thermal neutron different from the nuclide.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a thermal neutron flux monitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a portion P in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a portion Q in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a thermal neutron flux monitor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a thermal neutron flux monitor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the countermeasures against Cherenkov light in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the first scintillator used in the thermal neutron flux monitor according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal part of a thermal neutron flux monitor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal part of a thermal neutron flux monitor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing experimental results in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing experimental results in the comparative example.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing experimental results in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing experimental results in an experimental example of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the thermal neutron flux monitor includes a first scintillator 1 (see FIG. 2), a second scintillator 2 (see FIG. 3), a photodetector 3 (see FIG. 1), and a light guide path 5. It is provided as a main configuration.
- the first scintillator 1 has a nuclide that causes a nuclear reaction with thermal neutrons.
- the scintillator 1 of the present embodiment is configured by mixing such a nuclide into a substrate used as a normal scintillator.
- a scintillator substrate into which nuclides are mixed an organic substance (for example, a plastic scintillator) is used.
- a scintillator using an inorganic substance for example, a NaI or CsI crystal doped with a small amount of thallium, a ZnS crystal, or an oxide crystal such as BGO may be used.
- lfl B is used as a nuclide provided in the first scintillator 1.
- the species not limited to this and can be used 6 L i, uranium, Punoretoniumu, and Gad Riniumu.
- any nuclide that can cause a nuclear reaction with thermal neutrons may be used.
- 6 Li An example using 6 Li will be described later as another embodiment.
- 1Q B is can be incorporated into the interior of the scintillator Ichita substrate, further, since for the emission wavelength it is possible to create an almost clear 1C B containing scintillator, in this embodiment, a nuclide The first scintillator 1 is mixed inside the base material.
- the second scintillator 2 has the above-mentioned nuclide at a concentration lower than that of the first scintillator or does not substantially have the same.
- substantially free of nuclides means “even if the nuclear reaction by thermal neutrons occurs in the nuclide, the amount of light emitted from the second scintillator 2 can be distinguished as noise. It means that. With such a light emission amount, light emission from the second scintillator due to thermal neutrons can be removed by setting the threshold value. Also, it is permissible to mix a small amount of nuclides that cause a nuclear reaction with thermal neutrons into the second scintillator 2.
- the material of the second scintillator 2 is preferably the same material as the base material of the first scintillator 1 (that is, a scintillator using an organic or inorganic substance). This is because the measurement accuracy can be easily improved when the characteristics of the first scintillator 1 and the characteristics of the second scintillator 2 match. However, it is possible to use a material different from that of the first scintillator 1 as the material of the second scintillator 2.
- the light detection unit 3 is configured to detect light emission outputs of the first scintillator 1 and the second scintillator 2.
- the photodetector 3 in this embodiment includes a photomultiplier tube 31-36, a waveform shaping amplifier 32-37, a wave height discriminator 33, 38, a counter 34, 39, a computer 40, It is composed of In this embodiment, the photomultiplier tube 31 and the waveform The shaping amplifier 32, the wave height discriminator 33, the counter 34, and the force correspond to the first scintillator 1 and constitute an input system to the computer 40. Similarly, in this embodiment, the photomultiplier tube 36, the waveform shaping amplifier 37, the wave height discriminator 38, and the counter 39 correspond to the second scintillator 2 and constitute an input system to the computer 40. are doing.
- the photomultiplier tube 31 receives the light from the first scintillator 1 via the light guide 5.
- the photomultiplier tube 31 is a component that converts light into an electric signal with high sensitivity.
- the waveform shaping amplifier 32 shapes and amplifies the waveform of the electric signal obtained by the photomultiplier tube 31.
- the wave height discriminator 33 compares the output value of the shaped electric signal with a threshold value, and removes an electric signal (ie, noise) that does not satisfy the threshold value.
- the counter 34 counts the signals selected by the wave height discriminator 33. For example, the counter 34 increments the count value by one each time one signal exceeding the threshold value arrives, and outputs it to the computer 40.
- the photomultiplier tube 36 receives the light from the second scintillator 2 via the light guide 5.
- the configuration of the photomultiplier tube 36, the waveform shaping amplifier 37, the wave height discriminator 38, and the counter 39 is the same as that of the photomultiplier tube 31, the waveform shaping amplifier 32, the wave height discriminator 33, and the counter 34. Since these are the same, a detailed description of these will be omitted.
- the computer 40 receives the outputs from the counters 34 and 39 and performs the following operation.
- the total output based on the counter 39 is subtracted from the total output based on the counter 34.
- subtraction is performed after multiplying the total output from the counter 39 by a correction coefficient for sensitivity correction. This is for correcting a difference in sensitivity between the first scintillator 1 and the second scintillator 2 .
- the calculated value is multiplied by a conversion factor to obtain the value of thermal neutron flux.
- Such an operation in the computer 40 can be easily executed by a computer program.
- the light guide path 5 includes a first light guide section 51 and a second light guide section 52.
- these light guides are constituted by optical fibers.
- the distal end portion 511 of the first light guide section 51 can be attached to and detached from the base section (a part other than the distal end section) of the first light guide section 51 by a detachable section 512.
- the first scintillator 1 is disposed at the tip of the first light guide 51 and adjacent thereto (see FIG. 2).
- a reflective layer 513 is formed at a position covering the first light guide section 51 and the first scintillator 1, a reflective layer 513 is formed.
- the reflection layer 513 is made of a material that reflects light from the first scintillator 1 to the inside and has substantially no sensitivity to thermal neutrons.
- “has substantially no sensitivity” means “only negligible or rejectable noise is generated”. Examples of such a material, for example titanium oxide (T i 0 2).
- a light shielding layer 514 for blocking disturbance light and transmitting thermal neutrons is arranged around the first scintillator 1 and the first light guide section 51. That is, the first scintillator 1 and the first light guide 51 are covered with the light shielding layer 514.
- the second light guide 52 has the same configuration as the first light guide 51. That is, the distal end portion 52 1 of the second light guide portion 52 can be attached to and detached from the base portion of the second light guide portion 52 by the attaching / detaching portion 5 22.
- the second scintillator 2 is disposed at the tip of the second light guide 52 and adjacent thereto (see FIG. 3).
- a reflection layer 523 similar to the reflection layer 513 is formed at a position covering the second light guide section 52 and the second scintillator 2.
- a light shielding layer 524 for blocking disturbance light and transmitting thermal neutrons is arranged.
- the first scintillator 1 and the second scintillator 2 are arranged at measurement points.
- the purpose is to measure the thermal neutron flux of the neutron beam irradiated to kill a tumor in a living body, place them near the tumor.
- the distal end portions 5 1 1 to 5 2 1 of the first and second light guide portions 5 1 ′ and 52 are detachable, only the distal end portions 5 1 1 to 5 2 1 are provided.
- the scintillator can be positioned by holding the scintillator, which facilitates the work.
- each tip can be made disposable, which facilitates sanitary handling.
- thermal neutrons are irradiated from outside to the measurement site (eg, tumor).
- the measurement site eg, tumor
- gamma rays are also irradiated to the measurement location.
- the irradiated thermal neutron beam 0 / ray passes through the light shielding layer 5 1 4-5 2 4 and the reflection layer 5 1 3-5 2 3 and reaches the first 'second scintillator 1 ⁇ 2' I do.
- the “nuclides that cause a nuclear reaction with thermal neutrons” mixed therein react with thermal neutrons to generate energy. Thereby, the first scintillator 1 emits light. Further, the first scintillator 1 emits light due to a reaction between the ⁇ -ray and the substrate of the first scintillator 1. These lights are sent to the photomultiplier tube 31 of the photodetector 3 via the first light guide 51.
- the reflection layer 513 since the reflection layer 513 is provided, light that is about to leak from the first scintillator 1 to the outside can be returned to the inside. Therefore, light can be efficiently transmitted to the first light guide 51 and the photomultiplier tube 31. Further, in this embodiment, since the light blocking layer 5 14 is formed, it is possible to prevent noise from being mixed in due to disturbance light.
- the light sent to the photomultiplier tube 31 is converted into an electric signal here.
- the electric signal is shaped and amplified by a waveform shaping amplifier 32, noise is removed by a wave height discriminator 33, then counted by a counter 34, and the counting result is sent to a computer 40.
- the second scintillator 2 emits light due to the reaction with the line. 2nd cinch Since the above-mentioned nuclide is provided at a concentration lower than that of the first scintillator or is substantially not provided, the number of nuclear reactions with mature neutrons is smaller than that of the first scintillator, and the number of times of light emission associated therewith is also smaller. .
- the light generated by the second scintillator 2 is converted into an electric signal by the photomultiplier tube 36 via the second light guide path 52 as in the case of the first scintillator 1. This electric signal is sent to a counter 39 via a waveform shaping amplifier 37 and a wave height discriminator '38, where it is counted. The result of the counting is sent to the computer 40.
- the computer 40 performs the following operation.
- the output from the first scintillator 1 contains the effect of the y-ray.
- the number of arrivals of thermal neutrons can be obtained from the output of the first scintillator 1 by taking into account the influence of ⁇ -rays. Therefore, in this embodiment, there is an advantage that the measurement result of the thermal neutron flux is hardly affected by the ⁇ -ray and the measurement result is stable.
- the signal is sent to the light detection unit 3 in a light state by using the light guide path 5, there is an advantage that the electrical noise in the path is hardly mixed into the signal.
- the base material constituting the first and second scintillators is a plastic scintillator, the decay time of light emission is reduced. Damping in plastic scintillators The time is, for example, about Ins. Therefore, according to this embodiment, a high counting rate can be obtained. This makes it possible to measure thermal neutrons in places where thermal neutrons are strong (for example, when thermal neutrons are used for therapy).
- FIGS. 1 and 2 the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the first scintillator 1 and the second scintillator 2 are arranged in tandem at the tip of one first light guide 51 (see FIG. 4). Further, the emission wavelengths of the first scintillator 1 and the second scintillator 2 in the present embodiment are different from each other. For example, the emission wavelength of the first scintillator 1 is blue, and the emission wavelength of the second scintillator 2 is green. Further, in this embodiment, the first scintillator 1 is arranged on the tip side of the second scintillator 2. However, the second scintillator 2 may be arranged at a more distal end side than the first scintillator 1. In this embodiment, the first scintillator 1, the second scintillator 2, and the tip 511 of the first light guide 51 form an example of the thermal neutron flux monitoring detection element of the present invention.
- a color spectral filter 53 is disposed in the middle of the first light guide 51 (see FIG. 5).
- the color spectral filter 53 splits light in accordance with the wavelength.
- the first light guide section 51 sends the blue light (that is, the light from the first scintillator 1) separated by the color spectral filter 53 to the photomultiplier tube 31.
- the second light guide section 52 sends the green light (that is, the light from the second scintillator 2) separated by the color spectral filter 53 to the photomultiplier tube 36. That is, the light split by the filter 53 is transmitted to the photomultiplier tubes 31 and 36 through the corresponding light guides.
- the light emission in the first scintillator 1 and the second scintillator can be counted by the counters 34 and 39, respectively, and sent to the computer 40. Therefore, the thermal neutron flux can be measured as in the case of the first embodiment.
- the first and second scintillators 1 and 2 are arranged at the tip of one first light guide section 51, the measurement in the case where the measurement location is narrow is performed. There is an advantage that the work of mounting the container is facilitated.
- the countermeasures against Cherenkov light in the second embodiment can be implemented by, for example, the following means.
- Thirenkov light is blue radiation emitted when a high-energy charged particle passes through a substance (dielectric) and its velocity is higher than the light velocity in the substance.
- the emission colors of the first scintillator 1 and the second scintillator 2 are other than blue, and the emission colors of each are different (for example, red and green).
- a filter 514 that cuts blue is provided (see the broken line in Fig. 5).
- the red and green light passing through the filter 514 are separated by the color spectral filter 53 to detect light of each wavelength. As a result, the influence of diene-Coff light on the thermal neutron flux measurement can be eliminated.
- a wavelength shift filter 5 17 is arranged after the first scintillator 1 that emits blue light.
- An isolator 518 is arranged behind the wavelength shift fiber 517.
- One surface of the isolator 518 (the surface on the first scintillator 1 side) is a transmission surface, and the other surface (the surface on the second scintillator 2 side) is a reflection surface. This prevents light from the second scintillator 2 from entering the wavelength shift fiber 5 17.
- a scintillator 2 emitting green or red light is arranged.
- a normal scintillator that emits blue light can be used as the first scintillator 1.
- 6 Li is used as the nuclide described in the first embodiment.
- this embodiment uses a 6 L i F powder 1 1 which is a compound of 6 L i.
- the 6 ; L iF powder 11 is attached to the outer surface of the base portion of the first scintillator 1 as shown in FIG.
- the 6 L iF powder 11 is white, and if it is mixed into the first scintillator 1, the amount of light that can be extracted is reduced.
- 6 L iF powder 11 is attached to the surface of the first scintillator 1, it can also function as a reflector, so that light emitted from the inside of the first scintillator 1 together with the reflector disposed around it can be used. The light is reflected back to the inside, and the amount of light that can be extracted can be increased.
- some 6 Li compounds are transparent.
- 6 L i compound is a colored, it is possible to incorporate it within the scintillator.
- the first scintillator 1 is arranged substantially at the center of the input section of one photomultiplier tube 31. Further, outside the first scintillator 1, a second scintillator 2 is arranged. Further, outside the second scintillator 2, a third scintillator 6 is arranged. Like the second scintillator 2, the third scintillator 6 does not include the nuclide. A reflection layer (not shown) for reflecting light is arranged between each scintillator, so that light emitted from each scintillator can be extracted independently.
- Photomultiplier tubes 311, 312 and 313 are arranged adjacent to each scintillator (see Fig. 8). That is, each photomultiplier tube receives light emitted from each scintillator and converts it into an electric signal.
- a waveform shaping amplifier, a wave height discriminator, and a counter similar to those described above are connected to the photomultiplier tube 311 (not shown), and a count value including light emission from a fast neutron beam is output to the computer 40. It is now possible to do so.
- the photomultiplier tube 312 has the same configuration as that of the photomultiplier tube 36 described above, and can mainly output a V-ray count value to the computer 40.
- the photomultiplier tube 3 13 has the same configuration as that of the photomultiplier tube 31, and can output the count value of the thermal neutron flux and ⁇ -ray to the computer 40.
- neutrons arriving from the outside are decelerated by the third scintillator 6, become thermal neutrons, and are measured by the first scintillator 1 inside the third scintillator 6.
- the fast neutron beam arriving from the outside to the third scintillator 6 is also measured by the third scintillator 6.
- ⁇ -rays pass through the second and first scintillators 2 and 1 with little attenuation because of their strong penetrating power. Thereby, the second scintillator 2 can perform counting for gamma ray compensation.
- the survey meter of this embodiment has an advantage that it is possible to simultaneously measure the dose of ⁇ -rays and neutrons.
- a survey meter is configured using the monitor of the present invention.
- a neutron detector such as an area monitor or a monitoring post may be configured.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 8 is possible.
- Fast neutrons are converted to thermal neutrons by placing a moderator around the first and second scintillators. Can be exchanged.
- the thermal neutron flux can be measured by the first and second scintillators, and the value can be used to calculate the fast neutron dose.
- a predetermined calibration curve may be prepared.
- the first scintillator 1 is mounted on the front face of the input section of the photomultiplier tube 31.
- the second scintillator 2 is attached to the front of the input section of the photomultiplier tube 36.
- light from each scintillator is received by the photomultiplier tubes 31 and 36 without passing through the light guide 5.
- the outputs of the photomultiplier tubes 31 and 36 are sent to waveform shaping amplifiers 32 and 37, respectively.
- Other configurations and advantages are the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.
- the second scintillator 2 includes the nuclide mixed in the first scintillator 1 at a concentration lower than that of the first scintillator, or the first scintillator has a higher concentration of thermal neutrons. Nuclides with different sensitivities. In this case, thermal neutron flux and ⁇ -ray dose can be calculated as follows.
- ⁇ thermal neutron flux
- g y-ray dose.
- outputs X and Y are the counts of counters 34 and 39, respectively.
- the thermal neutron flux was measured using the apparatus configuration of the first embodiment.
- the measurement conditions are as follows.
- 2nd scintillator Plastic scintillator without boron (Coral bread CD J company BC-408)
- Photomultiplier tube H6780 manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonitas
- Water phantom Water is filled inside an acrylic resin cylinder with a diameter of 18 cm and a height of 20 cm. Under these conditions, each scintillator placed in the water phantom was irradiated with thermal neutrons from the outside of the water phantom. . In order to verify the validity of the measurement, a conventional gold activation measurement was performed using a 0.26 mm diameter gold wire.
- FIG. 10 The results are shown in FIG.
- the horizontal axis in Fig. 10 is the distance from the surface of the water phantom to the thermal neutron flux monitor. It can be seen that the method of the present embodiment obtains almost the same measurement results as the gold activation method. That is, according to the method of the present embodiment, accurate measurement is possible.
- Figure 12 shows the relationship between the measurement time (horizontal axis) and the count value per second (vertical axis) in this experimental example.
- the count value based on the first scintillator is A
- the count value based on the second scintillator is The count value is indicated by B.
- C A—B will represent the thermal neutron flux.
- Count B is considered to represent the contribution from the y-ray.
- Fig. 13 shows an example of the situation of Fig. 12 in another format.
- the amount of light emitted from each scintillator is divided into channels (horizontal axis), and the count value for each channel (vertical axis) is shown.
- the measured value based on the first scintillator is indicated by D
- the measured value based on the second scintillator is indicated by E.
- F D—E will represent the thermal neutron flux.
- thermal neutron flux monitor of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- a light guide other than an optical fiber may be used as the light guide.
- each unit including functional blocks for realizing the above-described embodiment may be hardware, computer software, a network, a combination thereof, or any other means.
- thermo neutron flux monitor of the present invention it is possible to measure the thermal neutron flux stably.
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Cited By (28)
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WO2008038662A1 (fr) | 2006-09-26 | 2008-04-03 | National University Corporation Hokkaido University | Dosimètre de radiations et programme de calcul de doses de radiations |
JP2009198365A (ja) * | 2008-02-22 | 2009-09-03 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | プラスチックシンチレータを検出器とした放射能探査装置 |
JP2009538435A (ja) * | 2006-05-26 | 2009-11-05 | サーモ ニトン アナライザーズ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 中性子及びガンマ線モニタ |
JP2013500481A (ja) * | 2009-07-27 | 2013-01-07 | フリール・ラディエーション・ゲーエムベーハー | 中性子吸収熱量測定ガンマ線検出器での中性子検出用の装置及び方法 |
JP2013160625A (ja) * | 2012-02-03 | 2013-08-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 中性子測定装置 |
JP2013174474A (ja) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-05 | Tokuyama Corp | 放射線検出器 |
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