WO2004100274A1 - Unite pour concentrer le rayonnement solaire sur une cellule solaire microscopique - Google Patents

Unite pour concentrer le rayonnement solaire sur une cellule solaire microscopique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004100274A1
WO2004100274A1 PCT/EP2004/004445 EP2004004445W WO2004100274A1 WO 2004100274 A1 WO2004100274 A1 WO 2004100274A1 EP 2004004445 W EP2004004445 W EP 2004004445W WO 2004100274 A1 WO2004100274 A1 WO 2004100274A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
optical device
tracking
unit according
movement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/004445
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Willeke
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Publication of WO2004100274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004100274A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/10—Control of position or direction without using feedback
    • G05D3/105—Solar tracker
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
    • F24S2030/136—Transmissions for moving several solar collectors by common transmission elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
    • G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
    • G01S3/7861—Solar tracking systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • Patent application unit for concentrating solar radiation on a microsolar cell
  • the invention relates to a unit for concentrating solar radiation on a microsolar cell.
  • Microsolar cells are solar cells that usually do not exceed a size of a few hundred square millimeters and are able to absorb concentrated solar radiation.
  • microsolar cells which convert the incident sunlight directly into electricity.
  • Units are used which are made up of an optical device and a microsolar cell.
  • the optical devices are usually lenses with a diameter of up to 20 cm.
  • a microsolar cell is arranged in the focal point of the lens.
  • a large number of units are combined and installed in a weatherproof housing (module) in such a way that the optical device and the microsolar cell cannot be moved relative to one another.
  • the modules can be made in dimensions limited by a few meters by truck transport.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to create a device with which a less complex tracking to the constantly changing position of the sun is possible. This task is solved by the independent claim. Advantageous refinements can be found in the dependent claims.
  • housings can be used in a simple manner as part of a facade cladding or as a building material.
  • the solar module according to the invention can thus be integrated in a building envelope. This means that large, previously unused areas are available for energy generation.
  • the tracking devices should be long-lasting, since tracking must take place at least during the usable hours on every sunny day during the life of the units.
  • a number of inexpensive technologies are available for the tracking, especially since micro-solar cells will become mass-produced items.
  • micro-concentrator module it makes sense to arrange several units in one housing and thus combine them to form a micro-concentrator module, since this enables less complex production.
  • a transparent design of the housing enables the micro-concentrator module to be integrated into a building envelope, with the housing taking on the functions of weather protection, heat and sound insulation.
  • partial shading of light (especially) is achieved in summer, since the concentrating units absorb the (intensive) direct light and allow the (weak) diffuse light to pass through largely unhindered.
  • the tracking movement can be controlled using astronomical data.
  • the necessary tracking movement can be calculated and carried out from the time and date together with the geographical location and the orientation of the microconcentrator module.
  • the current position of the sun can be measured and, depending on this, the necessary tracking movement can be determined and regulated accordingly. It is possible to determine the current position of the sun in the micro concentrator module. In this way, the orientation of the module is taken into account when measuring the position of the sun.
  • Such regulation of the tracking allows the modules to be used regardless of location.
  • the angle of attack and the alignment of the modules can be varied. Fresnel lenses are particularly suitable for focusing the solar radiation due to their low-mass and inexpensive production, for example from embossed, millimeter-thin plastic layers.
  • the requirements for the accuracy of the tracking can be reduced by attaching an additional converging lens to the microsolar cell.
  • the light concentrated in the optical device is concentrated again in a converging lens.
  • the movement of the optical device of one unit can be coupled with the movement of the optical device of at least one neighboring unit.
  • the entire unit is to be moved for tracking purposes, the same movement is also required for neighboring units within a housing. Therefore the movements of several units can be coupled.
  • the number of drive devices can be reduced by coupling the movement of several optical devices or units. Since drive devices are more complex to produce than devices for coupling the movement of adjacent optical devices or units, the equipment effort can be reduced by coupling the movements. The effort stems, among other things, from the fact that each drive device must be supplied with energy and controlled with signals.
  • the coupling of the movement of several optical devices and / or units can be realized with a linkage. This can be done by connecting each optical device and / or unit with a rod, which ensures the tracking of the east / west movement of the sun, and compensates for the different heights of the sun.
  • the rod must be connected to the optical devices and / or the units with suitable joints. It is possible to fasten each optical device and / or optical unit movably on a rod and movably at a fixed point. The tracking can be achieved by moving the rod. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to provide different rods for tracking the east / west movement and the different height of the sun. Of course, this requires the use of suitable joints for connecting the rods to the optical devices and / or units.
  • each optical device is movably attached both to a rod for tracking the east-west movement of the sun and to a rod to compensate for different heights of the sun, a further attachment of the optical devices is no longer necessary.
  • a tracking that allows an optimal concentration of the incident solar radiation on the microsolar cells is best achieved by the fact that the optical axis of the optical device comes to lie approximately on the connecting line between the microsolar cell and the sun.
  • the necessary accuracy of the tracking increases with increasing concentration of sunlight.
  • a suitable second optical unit that is fixedly connected to the microsolar cell can be used, which at the same time hermetically shields the microsolar cell against possible environmental influences.
  • a stepper motor can be provided to drive the tracking. Stepper motors allow precise control of the movement. It is possible to use stepper motors to move the linkage described above.
  • Worm gears can be used to transmit the forces and convert the movements during tracking.
  • FIG. 1 shows a unit for concentrating solar radiation arranged in a stationary housing.
  • Fig. 2 shows a unit arranged in a stationary housing for concentrating solar radiation with two lenses.
  • the radiation coming from the sun 1 strikes the optical device 3. This concentrates the solar radiation on the microsolar cell 4, in which the solar radiation is converted photovoltaically into electrical energy. Since the efficiency of the microsolar cell 4 decreases with increasing temperature, the microsolar cell 4 is surrounded by a heat sink 5, which dissipates the waste heat.
  • a micro-tracking device 6 is arranged below, which comprises the unit of microsolar cell 4 and optical device 3 moves. The movement of the sun 1 can thus be compensated for without the housing 2 having to be moved.
  • the optical device 3 here a Fresnel lens 8
  • the optical device 3 here a Fresnel lens 8
  • the microsolar cell 4 which is fixed in the housing 2 and which is provided with a converging lens 7 to increase the light concentration and to reduce the tracking accuracy
  • the tracking device for the Fresnel lens 8 is not shown here.
  • the connecting lines between the Fresnel iris 8 and the microsolar cell 4 represent the marginal rays of the collected light.
  • optical device 4 microsolar cell 5 heat sink 6 micro tracking device 7 converging lens 8 Fresnel lens

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité pour concentrer le rayonnement solaire sur une cellule solaire microscopique (4). Un dispositif optique (3) et une cellule solaire microscopique (4) sont placés dans ladite unité. Ledit dispositif optique (3) concentre la lumière solaire incidente sur la cellule solaire microscopique. Pour suivre la position du soleil, ce dispositif optique (3) peut être déplacé indépendamment de la cellule solaire microscopique (4) et/ou l'unité peut être déplacée indépendamment d'un boîtier (2) qui l'entoure. Ce boîtier (2), entourant les unités, peut être intégré dans une enveloppe de bâtiment.
PCT/EP2004/004445 2003-05-02 2004-04-28 Unite pour concentrer le rayonnement solaire sur une cellule solaire microscopique WO2004100274A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10320663A DE10320663A1 (de) 2003-05-02 2003-05-02 Einheit zum Konzentrieren von Sonnenstrahlung auf eine Mikrosolarzelle
DE10320663.9 2003-05-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004100274A1 true WO2004100274A1 (fr) 2004-11-18

Family

ID=33394336

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2004/004445 WO2004100274A1 (fr) 2003-05-02 2004-04-28 Unite pour concentrer le rayonnement solaire sur une cellule solaire microscopique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE10320663A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004100274A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102609006A (zh) * 2012-03-20 2012-07-25 辽宁科技学院 太阳跟踪光电传感探测头

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7190531B2 (en) * 2003-06-03 2007-03-13 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Concentrating type solar collection and daylighting system within glazed building envelopes
DE102005033272A1 (de) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Solartec Ag Konzentrator-Photovoltaik-Einrichtung, daraus gebildetes PV-Konzentratormodul sowie Herstellverfahren hierfür
DE102007023583A1 (de) 2007-05-21 2008-11-27 Solartec Ag Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit optischen Elementen zum Umlenken einfallender Sonnenstrahlen in einem gegebenen Spektralbereich auf an den optischen Elementen seitlich angebrachte Solarzellen
DE102008010012A1 (de) 2007-06-01 2008-12-04 Solartec Ag Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit mindestens einem mindestens eine Lichtumwandlerschicht aufweisenden optischen Element
DE102008010013A1 (de) 2007-06-01 2008-12-11 Solartec Ag Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit ultradünnen optischen Elementen und Herstellverfahren hierfür
DE102007054323A1 (de) 2007-11-14 2009-07-16 Solartec Ag Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit mindestens einem mindestens eine Lichtumwandlerschicht aufweisenden optischen Element mit mindestens einer seitlich angebrachten Solarzelle
DE102009037083A1 (de) 2009-08-11 2011-02-17 Bayerische Solar Ag Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit mindestens einer Spiegelvorrichtung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4284839A (en) * 1978-12-18 1981-08-18 Johnson Steven A Internal refractor focusing solar energy collector apparatus and method
US4297521A (en) * 1978-12-18 1981-10-27 Johnson Steven A Focusing cover solar energy collector apparatus
US5169456A (en) * 1991-10-22 1992-12-08 Johnson Kenneth C Two-axis tracking solar collector mechanism
US20030015233A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2003-01-23 Stephen Barone Self tracking, wide angle, solar concentrators

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4968355A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-11-06 Johnson Kenneth C Two-axis tracking solar collector mechanism
EP0744625B1 (fr) * 1995-05-26 2002-08-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de poursuite du soleil pour cellules solaires
JP3173400B2 (ja) * 1996-12-13 2001-06-04 トヨタ自動車株式会社 集光型太陽電池装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4284839A (en) * 1978-12-18 1981-08-18 Johnson Steven A Internal refractor focusing solar energy collector apparatus and method
US4297521A (en) * 1978-12-18 1981-10-27 Johnson Steven A Focusing cover solar energy collector apparatus
US5169456A (en) * 1991-10-22 1992-12-08 Johnson Kenneth C Two-axis tracking solar collector mechanism
US20030015233A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2003-01-23 Stephen Barone Self tracking, wide angle, solar concentrators

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102609006A (zh) * 2012-03-20 2012-07-25 辽宁科技学院 太阳跟踪光电传感探测头

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