WO2004089587A1 - スクリュ式混練押出機 - Google Patents
スクリュ式混練押出機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004089587A1 WO2004089587A1 PCT/JP2004/005059 JP2004005059W WO2004089587A1 WO 2004089587 A1 WO2004089587 A1 WO 2004089587A1 JP 2004005059 W JP2004005059 W JP 2004005059W WO 2004089587 A1 WO2004089587 A1 WO 2004089587A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- cylinder
- synthetic resin
- kneading extruder
- type kneading
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
- B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
- B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
- B29C48/767—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders through a degassing opening of a barrel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
- B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
- B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a screw-type kneading extruder, and in particular, to a novel improvement for improving degassing performance by preventing deterioration of a polymer without increasing a temperature by having a surface-renewable screw piece.
- a synthetic resin raw material produced by a chemical synthesis reaction contains a considerable amount of volatile components remaining. Synthetic resin raw materials that contain a considerable amount of volatile components can reduce the quality of the product by forming bubbles in the product in the subsequent various calorie processes, or contaminate the working environment by volatilizing volatile components. Te, ru. In order to solve such a problem, a devolatilization process for removing volatile components from a synthetic resin raw material generated by a chemical synthesis reaction has been conventionally performed.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram partially showing a portion from a middle portion (left end in FIG. 3) to a downstream end (tip portion: right end in FIG. 3) of a conventional screw-type kneading extruder.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a screw-type kneading extruder.
- the screw-type kneading extruder 1 is composed of a cylindrical cylinder 2 and a screw 3 rotatably inserted into the cylinder 2.
- the cylinder 2 is configured by connecting a plurality of cylinder blocks, and a vent port 4 that is longer than usual is formed in the axial direction at a position downstream from an intermediate portion of the screw-type kneading extruder 1! RU
- the vent port 4 is open to the atmosphere.
- a vacuum exhaust device (not shown) is connected.
- each of the cylinder blocks is configured to be capable of adjusting the temperature.
- the screw 3 is configured by integrally arranging a plurality of appropriately selected screw pieces in an appropriate order and integrating them. That is, the screw 3 is provided with a seal portion 5 constituted by a seal ring at a position upstream of the vent port 4 and constituted by a plurality of stirring screw pieces having a stirring function on the upstream side of the seal portion 5.
- a kneading and transporting section 7 composed of a normal kneading screw piece is arranged downstream of the sealing section 5, that is, from the sealing section 5 to the tip through the vent port 4. .
- a screw having a transport and kneading function is arranged on the upstream side (not shown) of the stirring section 6 (left side in FIG. 3).
- screw pieces constituting the agitating section 6 feeding, returning and neutral type screwing pieces, twist kneading screw pieces, low screw pieces, flight notched screw pieces and the like are used.
- screw pieces constituting the kneading / transporting section 7 half-width flight screw pieces, full flight screw pieces, and the like are used.
- a devolatilization process for removing volatile components from a thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material is performed as follows.
- the temperature of each cylinder block of the cylinder 2 is adjusted to a predetermined temperature, and a vacuum exhaust device is connected to the vent port 4, the vacuum exhaust device is operated at a predetermined vacuum degree, and the screw 3 is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed.
- the thermoplastic synthetic resin material is continuously supplied into the cylinder 2 at a predetermined supply rate at a position upstream of the screw-type kneading extruder 1 (not shown) (left side in FIG. 3). Is done.
- thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material supplied into the cylinder 2 is heated by the cylinder 2 and transported downstream (rightward in FIG. 3) while being kneaded by the rotating screw 3, and reaches the stirring section 6. You. In the stirring section 6, the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material is strongly stirred. The mixture is melted and kneaded, and the transport is stopped by the seal portion 5 on the downstream side, resulting in a high pressure state.
- thermoplastic synthetic resin material in the molten state at a high pressure in the stirring section 6 passes through a narrow gap between the outer circumference of the seal ring of the seal section 5 and the inner circumference of the cylinder 2, forming a vent port 4 and an atmospheric pressure.
- the cylinder is transported to the kneading transport section 7 in the cylinder 2 which has been opened or sucked to a negative pressure.
- the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material that has passed through the seal portion 5 is subjected to a sudden pressure drop from a high pressure state to a low pressure state, so that volatile components contained near the surface expand as bubbles, and the volatile components are expanded from bursting bubbles. Is released and exhausted from the vent port 4.
- thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material In the kneading / transporting section 7, while the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material is transported while being kneaded, the inside of the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material and the surface layer are constantly exchanged, so that the surface portion is renewed. A new bubble force S occurs and bursts, releasing volatile components. Thereafter, the thermoplastic synthetic resin material that has reached the downstream end of the kneading / transporting section 7 is extruded to the outside via a die (not shown) provided at the tip of the cylinder 2.
- thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material increases the temperature of the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material by the first method deteriorates the physical properties of the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material and lowers the quality.
- second Increasing the degree of vacuum by connecting the vacuum evacuation device by the method increased the installation cost of a new high-vacuum vacuum facility or the operating power cost for obtaining a high degree of vacuum.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in particular, by having a surface-renewable screw piece, it is possible to prevent polymer deterioration without increasing the temperature and to improve the deaeration performance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a screw-type kneading extruder. Disclosure of the invention
- the screw-type kneading extruder according to the present invention has a configuration in which a screw located corresponding to a vent port formed in a cylinder has a surface-renewable screw piece, and the surface-renewable screw piece is connected to the vent port. It is arranged in a range of 10 to 100% of the axial length of the axial opening.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a screw type kneading extruder according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the results of tests using a screw-type kneading extruder according to the present invention and a conventional screw-type kneading extruder.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a part of a conventional screw-type kneading extruder. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram partially showing a part from a middle part (left end in FIG. 1) to a downstream end (tip part: right end in FIG. 1) of the screw-type kneading extruder according to the present invention.
- This is a screw-type kneading extruder.
- the screw-type kneading extruder 1 includes a cylindrical cylinder 2 and a screw 3 rotatably inserted into the cylinder 2.
- the cylinder 2 is configured by connecting a plurality of cylinder blocks, and a vent cylinder having a longer than usual vent port 4 formed in the axial direction at a position downstream from an intermediate portion of the screw-type kneading extruder 1. Are arranged.
- the vent port 4 is connected to a force for opening to the atmosphere or a vacuum exhaust device (not shown) as required.
- Each of the cylinder blocks is configured to be able to adjust the temperature.
- the screw 3 is configured by integrally arranging a plurality of appropriately selected screw pieces in an appropriate order and integrating them. That is, the screw 3 has a stirring section 6 composed of a plurality of stirring screw pieces having a stirring function arranged at a position upstream of the vent port 4.
- a kneading / transporting section 7 composed of ordinary kneading screw pieces is disposed at a position 4 with a plurality of stirring functions, that is, a surface-renewable screw piece 10 having surface renewability interposed therebetween.
- a screw piece having a transport / kneading function is arranged on the upstream side (not shown) of the stirring section 6 (left side in FIG. 1).
- the screw pieces constituting the agitating section 6 include well-known feed, return, and neutral or single- and multiple-row kneading screw pieces, twist kneading screw pieces, low-task screw pieces, flight notched screw pieces, and the like. used.
- As the screw piece constituting the kneading transport section 12c a half-width flight screw piece, a full flight screw piece, or the like is used.
- the surface-renewable screw as the agitating section is provided with the physical properties of the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material to be devolatilized, the amount of volatile substance content or the separation of volatile substance with respect to the axial opening length of the vent port 4.
- the L / D of the surface-renewable screw piece 10 (constituting the stirring section) is LZD from 0.1 to the axial opening length.
- a devolatilization process for removing volatile components from the thermoplastic synthetic resin is performed as follows.
- the temperature of each cylinder block of the cylinder 2 is adjusted to a predetermined temperature, and a vacuum exhaust device is connected to the vent port 4, the vacuum exhaust device is operated at a predetermined vacuum degree and the screw 3 is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed.
- a thermoplastic synthetic resin material is continuously supplied into the cylinder 2 at a predetermined supply rate at an upstream portion (not shown) of the screw-type kneading extruder 1 (left side in FIG. 1). .
- thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material supplied into the cylinder 2 is heated by the cylinder 2, kneaded by the rotating screw 3, transported downstream (to the right in FIG. 1), and reaches the stirring section 6. You. In the stirring section 6, the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material is vigorously stirred and melt-kneaded.
- thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material in the molten state at a high temperature in the stirring section 6 is kneaded and transported in the kneading transport section 7 in the cylinder 2 in the downstream (tip: right side in FIG. 1) direction.
- the thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material in a high-temperature molten state which is kneaded and transported in the kneading / transporting section 7 in a low pressure state, expands as volatile components contained in the vicinity of the surface as bubbles, and bursts.
- the inside and the surface layer are constantly exchanged by kneading, so that the surface is renewed, and bubbles of volatile components are sequentially generated near a new surface, burst, and the volatile components are released.
- thermoplastic synthetic resin raw material is vigorously stirred by the surface renewable screw piece 10, and the surface is renewed more frequently. It is. Ruptured bubble force
- the released volatile components are degassed from vent port 4.
- the thermoplastic synthetic resin material that has reached the downstream end of the kneading / transporting section 7a is extruded as a strand through a die (not shown) provided at the tip of the cylinder 2 to the outside.
- the screw-type kneading extruder 1 described above is applicable to a single-screw screw type and a multi-screw kneading extruder such as a twin-screw or a tri-screw.
- the screw is configured to have good kneading properties, that is, good surface renewability, and complete mixing.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 1 shows a case where a long vent port 4 is provided in one place.
- the force is not limited to a long one or one place.
- a plurality of long vent ports 4 may be provided at two places, three places, or the like.
- the surface renewable screw pieces 10 may also be provided at a plurality of locations by being arranged at the positions of the respective ventros 4.
- the screw can be applied to either a single shaft or a multiple shaft.
- Kneading extruder TEX65 a II- 35BW-V (2V) (manufactured by Japan Steel Works)
- Screw length L / Screw diameter D 35, one long vent port
- Table 1 in Table 1 and FIG. 2 show the results of the respective tests using the screw-type kneading extruder according to the present invention and the conventional screw-type kneading extruder.
- Ns Q kg Esp (kWl i TpCC) True ix Residual V Screw 'cylinder configuration (rpm) fhr) / kg) (torr) (ppm)
- the screw-type kneading extruder shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 according to the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. That is, in the screw-type kneading extruder, the screw located at the vent port formed in the cylinder is configured to have the surface-renewable screw piece. The plastic synthetic resin material was vigorously agitated, the surface was renewed frequently, and large amounts of volatile components were easily released.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04726644A EP1616684A4 (en) | 2003-04-10 | 2004-04-08 | SLUG kneading / extruding machine |
US10/552,489 US20060269640A1 (en) | 2003-04-10 | 2004-04-08 | Screw-type kneading /extruding machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003106295A JP3886467B2 (ja) | 2003-04-10 | 2003-04-10 | スクリュ式混練押出機 |
JP2003-106295 | 2003-04-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004089587A1 true WO2004089587A1 (ja) | 2004-10-21 |
Family
ID=33156909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/005059 WO2004089587A1 (ja) | 2003-04-10 | 2004-04-08 | スクリュ式混練押出機 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060269640A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1616684A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3886467B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004089587A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008091569A2 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2008-07-31 | Dtherapeutics, Llc | Devices, systems, and methods for promoting endothelialization |
JP4746014B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-09 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | 溶融混練脱揮押出機 |
JP5085582B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-06 | 2012-11-28 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | 脱揮用二軸スクリュ押出機 |
JP5536704B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-01 | 2014-07-02 | ポリプラスチックス株式会社 | ガラス繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法 |
JP5536705B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-01 | 2014-07-02 | ポリプラスチックス株式会社 | ガラス繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物ペレットの製造方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5790733U (ja) * | 1980-11-25 | 1982-06-04 | ||
JPH0386223A (ja) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-04-11 | Hitachi Ltd | 高粘度物質の連続処理装置 |
JPH10180840A (ja) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-07-07 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 高生産押出機及びそれを用いた押出方法 |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2615199A (en) * | 1945-05-15 | 1952-10-28 | Welding Engineers | Material treating apparatus |
US3070836A (en) * | 1959-07-09 | 1963-01-01 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Method and apparatus for automatic control of an extruder |
ES269742A1 (es) * | 1960-08-10 | 1962-01-01 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Metodo y aparato para el tratamiento continuo de maqteriales plasticos |
US3156009A (en) * | 1960-12-30 | 1964-11-10 | Standard Oil Co | Devolatilizing extruder |
BE633898A (ja) * | 1962-06-20 | 1900-01-01 | ||
US3170190A (en) * | 1963-08-06 | 1965-02-23 | Du Pont | Extrusion apparatus |
US3522214A (en) * | 1967-04-13 | 1970-07-28 | Mobil Oil Corp | Process and apparatus for polymerizing liquids |
US3633880A (en) * | 1970-01-08 | 1972-01-11 | Gen Electric | Extrusion device |
DE2031935A1 (de) * | 1970-06-27 | 1972-01-05 | Barmag Barmer Maschf | Entgasungs-Schneckenstrangpresse mit einem Druck- und Mengenregelventil für die Kunststoffschmelze |
DE2129839B2 (de) * | 1971-06-16 | 1973-05-17 | Werner & Pfleiderer, 7000 Stuttgart | Schneckenpresse fuer die verarbeitung und entgasung plastischer massen |
US4100244A (en) * | 1973-02-28 | 1978-07-11 | Japan Steel Works Ltd | Method for directly cooling melted thermoplastic resins |
US4103355A (en) * | 1974-04-08 | 1978-07-25 | Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Mixing extruder |
JPS5111882A (en) * | 1974-07-20 | 1976-01-30 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Mihannotanryotaio jokyosuruhoho |
US4408887A (en) * | 1981-12-07 | 1983-10-11 | Kishihiro Yamaoka | Continuous kneader |
JPS6031857B2 (ja) * | 1982-06-28 | 1985-07-24 | 株式会社阪田商会 | 顔料分散体の製造方法 |
US4491417A (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1985-01-01 | Usm Corporation | Devolatilizing mixing extruder |
US4752135A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1988-06-21 | Baker Perkins, Inc. | Mixing apparatus and methods |
DE3744193C1 (de) * | 1987-12-24 | 1989-01-26 | Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann | Verfahren und Extruder zum Entgasen thermoplastischer Kunststoffschmelzen ueber einen weiten Viskositaetsbereich |
DE3805748A1 (de) * | 1988-02-24 | 1989-09-07 | Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann | Verfahren und einrichtung zur aufrechterhaltung eines rueckwaertsentgasungsvorganges an einem einschneckenextruder |
DE3818003A1 (de) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-30 | Kwm Kunststoffmaschinen Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen entgasen eines gemisches aus polymeren bindemitteln und fuellstoffen und/oder fasern |
DE3841729C1 (de) * | 1988-12-10 | 1990-03-01 | Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh, 30627 Hannover | Ein- oder Doppelschneckenextruder zum Entgasen von thermoplastischen Kunststoffschmelzen |
JP2909577B2 (ja) * | 1993-10-29 | 1999-06-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 樹脂廃材の再生方法及び装置 |
JP3458544B2 (ja) * | 1994-08-17 | 2003-10-20 | 東レ株式会社 | 共重合ポリアミドおよびその製造方法 |
DE10020646C1 (de) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-05-03 | 3 & Extruder Gmbh | Extruder |
-
2003
- 2003-04-10 JP JP2003106295A patent/JP3886467B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-04-08 US US10/552,489 patent/US20060269640A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-04-08 EP EP04726644A patent/EP1616684A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-08 WO PCT/JP2004/005059 patent/WO2004089587A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5790733U (ja) * | 1980-11-25 | 1982-06-04 | ||
JPH0386223A (ja) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-04-11 | Hitachi Ltd | 高粘度物質の連続処理装置 |
JPH10180840A (ja) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-07-07 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 高生産押出機及びそれを用いた押出方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004306547A (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
EP1616684A1 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
US20060269640A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
EP1616684A4 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
JP3886467B2 (ja) | 2007-02-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11613060B2 (en) | Planetary roller extruder with a degassing section | |
JP4252016B2 (ja) | 押出機 | |
US20040094862A1 (en) | Multi-screw extruder and method for treating and/or processing elastomers with added filler | |
EP2168743B2 (en) | Melting kneading devolatilizing extruder | |
KR20060044878A (ko) | 원추형 이축 스크류 압출기 및 탈수기 | |
JP2016514639A (ja) | エラストマー含有媒体から揮発性成分を除去する方法、およびそのための脱ガス装置 | |
JP2011116025A (ja) | 押出機の脱揮装置及び方法 | |
WO2004089587A1 (ja) | スクリュ式混練押出機 | |
JP2008302660A (ja) | タイヤ製造方法及び同製造装置 | |
CN102441977B (zh) | 用于塑料挤出的设备和方法 | |
JP3819340B2 (ja) | 溶融樹脂の脱揮方法及びその装置 | |
JP4999895B2 (ja) | 揮発成分を含む原料溶液の減容方法及び装置 | |
JP2002187192A (ja) | 押出成形機 | |
KR100975769B1 (ko) | 트윈스크류 압출장치 | |
US20200055227A1 (en) | Vent Type Extruder and Method of Manufacturing Cable Jacket Using the Same | |
JP5085582B2 (ja) | 脱揮用二軸スクリュ押出機 | |
AU2006297719B2 (en) | A method to increase production rate of a continuous mixer or extruder | |
Kimura et al. | Twin‐Screw Extrusion of Polyethylene | |
US20190193036A1 (en) | Rubber extruding device and rubber extruding method | |
JP2006026949A (ja) | 超臨界流体を利用した混練押出装置 | |
WO2022102152A1 (ja) | ダイプレートカバー,ダイヘッド,押出機および樹脂ペレット製造方法 | |
JP7330056B2 (ja) | 樹脂組成物の製造方法およびスクリュ式混練脱揮押出機 | |
JP2005058897A (ja) | 超臨界流体処理装置 | |
JP4658981B2 (ja) | スクリュ式混練押出機 | |
JP2004195675A (ja) | スクリュ押出機 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DPEN | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004726644 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2004726644 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006269640 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10552489 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10552489 Country of ref document: US |