WO2003104157A1 - ガラスおよびガラス製造方法 - Google Patents
ガラスおよびガラス製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003104157A1 WO2003104157A1 PCT/JP2003/007267 JP0307267W WO03104157A1 WO 2003104157 A1 WO2003104157 A1 WO 2003104157A1 JP 0307267 W JP0307267 W JP 0307267W WO 03104157 A1 WO03104157 A1 WO 03104157A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- raw material
- mass percentage
- ammonium
- content
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/004—Refining agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silicate glass and a method for producing the silicate glass.
- silicate glass Containing window glass, a glass plate such as a glass substrate for a flat Bok panel displays, N glass Beauty, glass cup, a fluorescent lamp glass tube, for various applications like, more than 40% of S i in S i 0 2 Conversion mass percentage Glass (hereinafter referred to as silicate glass) is widely used.
- the silicate glass used in these applications in addition to satisfying the requirements in terms of properties such as chemical durability, does not have bubbles of a size that is problematic for each application, or Even if such bubbles exist, it is necessary to satisfy the requirement that the number is less than the allowable number.
- the raw material of the silicate glass is usually supposed to contain a fining agent for removing bubbles from the molten glass obtained by dissolving the raw material.
- Such fining agents As 2 0 3, Sb 2 ⁇ oxide fining agents such as 3, Na 2 S0 4, K 2 S0 4, CaS0 4, sulfate-based clarifying agent such BaS_ ⁇ 4, N a C 1 etc. are known.
- glass substrates for flat panel displays especially thin-film transistor driven color liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCD), elect-port luminescence displays (EL), plasma 'displays (PDP), plasma ⁇
- TFT-LCD thin-film transistor driven color liquid crystal displays
- EL elect-port luminescence displays
- PDP plasma 'displays
- plasma ⁇ glass substrates for assisted liquid crystal display (PALC), field emission 'display (FED), etc. belong to the strictest. That is, a glass substrate for a flat panel display such as a glass substrate for a TFT-LCD or the like is required to have a small number of bubbles of only several tens of meters.
- silicate glass (hereinafter referred to as “alkali-free glass”) containing substantially no alkali metal oxide is used, and its fining agents are As 2 ⁇ 3 and S b 2 0 3 or sulfate are used. Note that the use of NaC1 is not preferable for non-alkali glass.
- sulfates are refining agent with excellent electrode Umate in that significantly less impact on the environment compared to As 2 0 3.
- As 2 0 3 the alkali-free glass that basicity due to low S_ ⁇ 4 2 _ solubility is low, as a result, inferior to A s 2 ⁇ 3 in that the sulphate remove bubbles from the molten glass There's a problem.
- the present invention can solve the above problems, i.e., the sole purpose of providing As 2 0 3 and Sb 2 ⁇ 3 a method of manufacturing a small Kei glasses and Kei glasses of number of bubbles while containing no I do. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention provides a glass in which Fe 2+ / (Fe 2 + + Fe 3+ ) has a degree of reduction corresponding to 0.61 or more, wherein the degree of reduction of the glass is represented by the ratio of Fe ions.
- the S i in dissolving raw mass percentage A method of manufacturing a glass you containing more than 40% S I_ ⁇ 2 equivalent, containing feedstock Anmoniumu salt (excluding sulfuric Anmoniumuo and nitric Anmoniumu) A method for producing a glass is provided (method A of the present invention).
- the S i in dissolving raw mass percentage A method of manufacturing a glass you containing more than 40% S I_ ⁇ 2 equivalent, ammonium two ⁇ beam salt molten glass obtained by dissolving the raw material (Excluding ammonium sulfate and nitrate) is provided (method B of the present invention).
- the glass in the present invention is manufactured by a melting method.
- salt ammonium is an excellent fining agent in removing bubbles from the molten glass.
- a silicate glass is produced by heating a raw material to 100 ° C. or higher to melt it to form a molten glass and then cooling it. In addition, it is formed into a desired shape as needed during cooling.
- the ammonium chloride in the raw material sublimates at 337.8 ° C.
- the ammonia gas (NH 3 ) and the hydrogen chloride gas (HC 1) are instantaneously melted when the raw material is heated to 100 ° C. or more. To dissociate.
- Ammonia gas is decomposed into nitrogen gas (N 2 ) and hydrogen gas (H 2 ) at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher.
- the nitrogen gas has low solubility in the molten glass, it is a foaming reaction, so that the effect of diffusing and flowing as a gas into the bubbles of the molten glass to enlarge the bubbles and promote floating defoaming can be expected to some extent.
- the molten glass becomes reducible due to the generation of the hydrogen gas, and compared with the fining action of the oxide-based fining agent and the sulfate-based fining agent, the molten glass melts from the bubble containing oxygen gas during the temperature lowering process of the molten glass. It may also promote oxygen gas diffusion into the glass.
- the hydrogen chloride gas generated by the decomposition of ammonium chloride is not the main reaction, but is thought to have a secondary effect.
- Hydrogen chloride gas is dissociated into protons (H +) and chloride ions (C 1 ⁇ ) at a high temperature of 1000 or more, and a part of them is dissolved in molten glass.
- this water diffuses and flows into the micro bubbles existing in the molten glass to enlarge the bubbles and promote floating and defoaming.
- the i3-OH of the silicate glass manufactured using the raw material containing ammonium chloride is smaller than that of the silicate glass manufactured using the raw material not containing the ammonium chloride. It is considered that the mechanism of floating and defoaming of water is supported.
- halogenated ammonium salts such as ammonium fluoride, ammonium bromide, and ammonium iodide are effective as fining agents because the same reaction proceeds as ammonium chloride.
- Ammonia salts of glass constituent compounds are also effective fining agents.
- Such salts include, for example, ammonium borate tetrahydrate such as ammonium tetraborate tetrahydrate.
- the fining reaction of the glass proceeds by hydrogen generated from the ammonium group, and the remainder is decomposed into boric acid and water, which are glass constituent components, so that elements other than the constituent components are not mixed into the glass, which is preferable.
- ammonium salt of an organic acid examples include ammonium acetate, ammonium formate, ammonium carbonate, triammonium citrate, diammonium hydrogen citrate, ammonium dihydrogen citrate, ammonium fumarate, ammonium maleate, ammonium oxalate, and ammonium oxalate.
- ammonium acetate ammonium formate
- ammonium carbonate triammonium citrate
- diammonium hydrogen citrate diammonium hydrogen citrate
- ammonium dihydrogen citrate ammonium fumarate
- ammonium maleate ammonium oxalate
- ammonium oxalate ammonium oxalate
- ammonium oxalate There are hydrogen ammonium and lactate ammonium.
- the organic acid ammonium salt is preferable as a fining agent because all the reactants become gas components by the oxidation reaction at a high temperature, and finally no solid components remain in the glass.
- ammonium chloride, ammonium fluoride, ammonium halide, or ammonium halide salt of ammonium iodide is used as the fining agent
- the Cl, F, Br, and I dissolved in the glass are measured. It can be confirmed that the halogenated ammonium salt was used as a fining agent.
- ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, etc. have shown a sufficient clarifying effect. Not. This is thought to be because nitrate groups and sulfate groups act as oxidizing agents, thereby inhibiting the clarification reaction by hydrogen generated from the ammonium group.
- the fining agent in the present invention is preferably an ammonium salt other than ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate.
- composition of the glass is expressed as mass percentage, also sometimes referred to e.g. S I_ ⁇ 2 simply S I_ ⁇ the S i content conversion 2 content or S i0 2.
- the glass of the present invention is a silicate glass, and is used for various applications as exemplified above.
- Typical Si 2 content is 40% or more and 80% or less.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the glass of the present invention is 500 ° C. or higher, preferably 800 ° C. or lower.
- the strain point is typically 500 ° C or higher for soda lime silica glass used for window glass, etc., and typically for alkali-free glass used for TFT-LCD glass substrates, etc. 640 ° C or higher, especially 660 ° C or higher and 720 ° C or lower, and in the case of high strain point glass used for PDP substrates, typically 570 ° C or higher and 650 ° C or lower.
- the coefficient of thermal expansion (value measured according to JIS R3102 (1995)) of the glass of the present invention is typically 25 to 50 ⁇ 10 5 for non-alkali glass used for TFT—LCD substrates.
- - 7 ° is C-1 (the measurement temperature range from 50 to 350), in the case of high strain point glass used for PDP substrates typically 75 ⁇ 90X 10- 7 ° C one 1 (measurement temperature range 50 ⁇ 350 ° C).
- the glass of the present invention is typically, A l, B, Mg, Ca, contain one or more elements selected from the group consisting of S r, Ba and Zn, A 1 2 0 3 0 ⁇ 35 %, B 2 0 3 0% to 25%, Mg_ ⁇ + C aO + S rO + B aO + 0 ⁇ 50% ZnO, Ri der, A l 2 0 3 + B 2 0 3 + MgO + C aO + S R_ ⁇ + BaO + ZnC ⁇ U 9 to 59%.
- Mg ⁇ , CaO, SrO, BaO and ZnO are each 0-30%, and MgO + CaO + Sr0 + Ba0 + ZnO is 1% or more.
- a 1 2 0 3 0 ⁇ 35% is, A 1 2 0 3 is not essential show that may contain up to 35%.
- MgO 0 to 10% indicates that MgO is not essential but may be contained up to 10%.
- S i 0 2 is an essential component, decreases the solubility of the glass, also made devitrification Shasuku was 70 percent. It is preferably at most 68%, more preferably at most 67%. If it is less than 45%, the specific gravity increases, the strain point decreases, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases, and the chemical resistance decreases. It is preferably at least 51%, more preferably at least 57%.
- a 1 2 0 3 suppresses phase separation of glass, also Ru essential der a component to increase the strain point. If it exceeds 25%, devitrification tends to occur, and chemical resistance decreases. It is preferably at most 22%, more preferably at most 19%. If it is less than 5%, the glass is likely to separate phases or the strain point is lowered. It is preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 14%.
- B 2 0 3 is to reduce the specific gravity, to increase the solubility of the glass, a component which hardly devitrified essential. If it exceeds 20%, the strain point decreases, chemical resistance decreases, or volatilization during melting of the glass becomes remarkable, and the heterogeneity of the glass increases. It is preferably at most 16%, more preferably at most 12%. If it is less than 1%, the specific gravity increases, the solubility of the glass decreases, and the glass tends to be devitrified. It is preferably at least 3%, more preferably at least 6%.
- Mg0 is not essential, but is a component that reduces the specific gravity and improves the melting of glass. If it exceeds 10%, the glass tends to undergo phase separation, devitrification tends to occur, or the chemical resistance decreases. It is preferably at most 7%, more preferably at most 5%.
- MgO When MgO is contained, it is preferable to contain 0.1% or more. In particular, in order to reduce the specific gravity while maintaining the solubility, the content is preferably 1% or more. C a O is not essential, but can be contained up to 15% in order to increase the solubility of the glass and make it harder to devitrify. If it exceeds 15%, the specific gravity increases, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases, and on the contrary, it tends to be devitrified. It is preferably at most 12%, more preferably at most 8%. When CaO is contained, it is preferable to contain 2% or more. It is more preferably at least 4%.
- SrO is not essential, but can be contained up to 15% to suppress the phase separation of the glass and make it harder to devitrify. If it exceeds 15%, the specific gravity increases, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases, and on the contrary, it tends to be devitrified. It is preferably at most 12%, more preferably at most 10%. When SrO is contained, it is preferable to contain 0.5% or more. It is more preferably at least 3%.
- BaO is not essential, it can be contained up to 20% in order to suppress the phase separation of the glass and make it difficult to devitrify. If it exceeds 20%, the specific gravity increases and the coefficient of thermal expansion increases. It is preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 1%. In particular, it is preferable not to include it when importance is placed on weight reduction. Particularly preferred compositions are S i 0 2 51-68%,
- the glass of the present invention is used as a substrate for a PDP, it is typically used in terms of mass percentage.
- R O 12-27% (R, means Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba)
- R 2 0 is the total amount of L i 2 0 + Na 2 0 + K 2 0.
- R ′ 0 is the total amount of MgO + CaO + Sr0 + BaO.
- Li 2 O is 0-3%, Na 2 ⁇ :! ⁇ 7% K 2 0 is 3 to 20%
- MgO is 0. 5 to 7%
- CaO is 0. 5 to 12% S and rO is 0-10%, that B aO-is 0-10% preferable.
- R 'O 12-25% (R' means Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba)
- R 20 is the total amount of Li 20 + Na 20 + K 20 .
- the contents of R and O are the total amount of MgO + CaO + Sr0 + BaO.
- L i 2 ⁇ is 0 to 3% Na 2 0 is 1 to 7% K 2 0 is 3 to 20%
- MgO is 0. 5 to 7%
- CaO is from 0.5 to 12%, the S and rO 0
- the content of BaO is from 0 to 10%.
- R 'O 13-24% (R, means Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba)
- R 2 0 is the total amount of L i 2 0 + Na 2 0 + K 2 0. Further, the content of R and 0 is the total amount of MgO + CaO + Sr0 + BaO.
- L i 2 O is 0 to 2%, Na 2 ⁇ is 2 ⁇ 6%, K 2 0 is 5 to 14%, MgO is 1 to 6%, CaO is 1 ⁇ 9%, S rC 3 ⁇ 40 ⁇ 6%, B a 0 is preferably 0 to 3% .
- Zn is not an essential component but is contained up to 5%.
- the glass of the present invention As 2 0 3 or Sb 2 0 3 having containing an NH 4 + without containing, namely, its internal bubble by levitation effect of gas components such as H 2 generated from Anmoniumu group Although it has the feature of being able to reduce emissions, it is essential to achieve a high degree of reduction.
- the glass of the present invention contains Fe as an essential component when Fe ion is used as an index.
- the Fe 2 O 3 conversion content of Fe (the total amount of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ ) must be 0.0015% or more. 6 2 0 3 basis content of 6 becomes difficult to r measured is less than 0.0015%.
- the Fe 2 ⁇ 3 equivalent content of Fe is preferably 0.01% or more.
- Fe 2 0 3 in terms of the content of Fe is typically 3% or less 0.1.
- the content is preferably 0.2% or less. If the content exceeds 0.2%, it is colored blue, which is not preferable for display glass. Preferably it is 0.1% or less, more preferably 0.05% or less.
- the degree of reduction of the glass of the present invention can be measured using an index other than Fe ion.
- the state of Fe ions can be estimated by analyzing the Ti 3+ ions present as trace impurities by ESR (Electron Spin Resonance Analysis). It is also effective to remelt the glass and measure the oxygen activity by measuring the potential of the glass.
- the light wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is in the visible light range, and glass having absorption in this range is not preferable as a glass substrate for displays.
- a typical wavelength of a visible light beam is represented by 546 nm in the CRT standard (EIAJ ED-2138A, glass characteristic standard for cathode ray tubes of the Japan Electronics Industry Association).
- the glass of the present invention is suitable for a glass substrate, and when the thickness of the substrate is 0.7 mm, the transmittance of light at a wavelength of 546 nm is 85% or more (particularly 90% or more). preferable.
- the transmittance of light at a wavelength of 546 nm is 85% or more (particularly 90% or more).
- a glass substrate whose substrate thickness is not 0.7 mm it can be evaluated by converting it to 0.7 mm by measuring the substrate thickness, transmittance and reflectance. It is known that the transmittance of ultraviolet light having a wavelength around 300 nm is reduced by absorption of Fe 3 +. Since the glass of the present invention has a high r, the transmittance of ultraviolet light is easily improved.
- the glass of the present invention has an ultraviolet transmittance at a wavelength of 300 nm of 60% or more, preferably 77% or more when the thickness of the substrate is 0.7 mm. In the onset bright, coupled when the content of 6 is less than 2% 0.1 6 2 0 3 basis and clarifying effect, it is also possible to make the transmittance of 80% or more.
- the glass of the present invention is produced by using an ammonium salt, a slight amount of NH 4 + is contained in the obtained glass.
- the glass of the present invention contains NH 4 + can be determined, for example, as follows.
- the glass contains NH 4 + when NH 4 + content in the glass is quantified and 0.0001% or more.
- Kjeldahl distillation apparatus use the equipment shown in JIS K0102 “Factory drainage test method” (1993), “42. Ammonia ion (NH 4 + )”.
- the distillation procedure is also performed in accordance with the method for analyzing ammonium ions specified in “42” of JIS K0102 and the method for analyzing organic nitrogen specified in “44. Organic nitrogen”. .
- the present inventor used an ion chromatography device manufactured by Dionex. Both Ion-Pak CGI4 and Ion-Pak CS14 manufactured by Dionex were used as the precolumn and the separation column, respectively.
- An auto-sublesser (recycle mode) was used as the sub-lesser device.
- An electric conductivity meter was used as a detector.
- Methanesulfonic acid (concentration: 1 Ommo 1/1) was used as the eluent, and the flow rate of the eluent was 1. Oml / min.
- the content of NH 4 + in the glass of the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 0.01%, particularly preferably 0.0004% or more. More preferably, it is 0.0004 to 0.001%.
- the content is typically 0.03 to 1%, particularly 0.05 to 1%. Preferably it is 1%. If the content exceeds 1%, the strain point or chemical resistance may be reduced when the glass of the present invention is used for a TFT-LCD glass substrate.
- the content is preferably 0.5% or less, and more preferably 0.05% or more and 0.08% or more under the condition that the refining effect is remarkable.
- the glass of the present invention does not contain S, or also contain S its S 0 3 in terms of the content is not more than 005% 0.1.
- the 30 3 converted content 0.00 over 5% not sufficient refining effect becomes small reduction of the glass is obtained, or there is a possibility that bubbles are generated bubbles increases due to reboil the so 3.
- the S content is very small, amber coloration may occur due to the coexistence of S with Fe2 + or Fe3 +, and the glass may not be used as a flat panel display glass substrate.
- the preferred SO 3 equivalent content for preventing coloring is 0.002% or less, more preferably 0.0005% or less.
- the glass of the present invention contains neither As nor Sb, or As or It is preferred that the total of S b also contain A s 2 O 3 in terms of content and S b 2 O 3 in terms of the content of 1% or less 0.1. More preferably, it is 0.01% or less.
- the glass of the present invention does not contain S n, or it is preferable that the S ⁇ 2 terms content also contain S n is equal to or less than 02% 0.1. If the content is more than 0.02%, the degree of reduction of the glass due to salt water may be reduced, or Sn may be present in the glass as a metal colloid to color the glass, and the glass for flat panel display may be used. There is a possibility that use as a substrate becomes difficult.
- the glass of the present invention preferably does not contain oxides such as Ti, V, Nb, Mo, and Ce. Since these oxides release oxygen in the reduced glass, the degree of reduction by ammonium chloride may be reduced, or they may become metal ions to color the glass and be used as glass substrates for flat panel displays. This can be difficult.
- oxides such as Ti, V, Nb, Mo, and Ce. Since these oxides release oxygen in the reduced glass, the degree of reduction by ammonium chloride may be reduced, or they may become metal ions to color the glass and be used as glass substrates for flat panel displays. This can be difficult.
- the glass of the present invention preferably does not contain Se, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, Mn, Ge, Cs and the like. These elements may be present in the glass as metal colloids to color the glass, making it difficult to use it as a glass substrate for flat panel displays.
- the glass of the present invention the S i in mass percentage to a glass you containing more than 40% S i0 2 terms, containing NH 4 + or C 1, to contain (or S containing no S even if less 005% 0.1 in its S0 3 in terms of content mass percentage), both of As and S b do not contain (or As or also contain S b As 2 0 3 in terms of content and S b 2 0 3 in terms of the total content of 1% or less 0.1 in mass percentage), furthermore, do not contain Sn (or also contain Sn in the terms of SnO 2 content mass percentage 0 It is glass.
- the content of Si in terms of SiO 2 is preferably 80% or less in terms of mass percentage.
- NH 4 + is preferably contained in a mass percentage of 0.0001 to 0.01%, particularly preferably 0.0004 to 0.001%.
- One or more elements selected from the group consisting of C1, F, Br and I preferably contain 0.03 to 1%, particularly preferably 0.05 to 1% of C1 by mass percentage. You.
- it contains one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn, and has the following oxide-based mass percentage content of Al 2 ⁇ 3 0 to 35%, B 2 ⁇ 30 0 to 25%, MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO + ZnO 0 to 50%, Al 2 0 3 + B 2 0 3 + MgO + Ca ⁇ +
- SrO + BaO + ZnO is 19-59%.
- the glass S i 0 2 45 ⁇ 70%, ⁇ 1 2 ⁇ 3 5 ⁇ 25%, B 2 0 3 1 ⁇ 20%, MgO 0 ⁇ : 10%, C aO 0 ⁇ 15%, S r O 0 to 15%
- the force is 0 to 20% BaO, or,
- the glass containing 0.001 to 0.01% of NH 4 + and 0.05 to 1% of C 1 is preferable.
- the glass of the present invention is produced by, for example, the method A, the method B, or the like of the present invention.
- the method A of the present invention will be described.
- the raw materials prepared so as to obtain the silicate glass of the target composition are heated and melted to obtain molten glass.
- the molten glass is cooled after defoaming and homogenizing. Homogenization of the molten glass may be facilitated, for example, by stirring. Also, it is usually formed into sheet glass or the like during cooling.
- the raw material is usually made of sand or the like, but may contain waste glass (cullet).
- the melting is performed, for example, by placing the raw material in an appropriate rutupo and putting the rutupo into a furnace such as an electric furnace maintained at a high temperature. It may be performed while the raw materials are continuously charged into a glass melting furnace in which the high temperature, for example, the highest temperature part is maintained at 1500 to 160 Ot.
- a raw material containing the above-mentioned ammonium salt for example, ammonium chloride, which is an extremely excellent fining agent as described above, is used.
- the content ratio of ammonium chloride in the raw material is 0.1 to 10 parts based on 100 parts by mass of the glass obtained by melting the raw material, that is, the amount of ammonium chloride obtained by melting the raw material It is preferable to add to the glass raw material in an amount corresponding to 0.1 to 10 parts based on 100 parts by mass. If the amount is less than 0.1 part, the refining effect of the ammonium chloride may be reduced. More preferably at least 0.2 parts is there.
- the content is preferably at least 0.3 part, more preferably at least 1.0 part.
- ammonia gas generation, hydrogen chloride gas generation, chlorine gas generation or other gas generation during melting may increase. More preferably, it is 3 parts or less.
- NH 4 + and C 1 may be contained in the glass obtained by melting, but since they are extremely small, NH 4 + and C 1 are used when calculating the amount to be added to the raw material of Shiridani Ammonium. 4 + and no problem was calculated as 1 0 0 parts by weight of glass containing C 1.
- the raw material does not contain a sulfate, or even if the raw material contains a sulfate, the total content of the raw materials is 0.01 part or less based on 100 parts by mass of the glass obtained by melting the raw material. That is, it is preferable that the sulfate is added to the glass raw material in an amount equivalent to 0.01 part or less based on 100 parts by mass of the glass obtained by melting the raw material. If the content exceeds 0.01 part, the fining effect of ammonium chloride may be reduced. Or, there is a possibility that amper coloring may occur and the glass substrate for display cannot be used.
- the glass obtained by melting may contain so 3 and the like due to sulfate.
- a s, S b is the same for S n 0 2. That, A s, S b, the case of using small amount of S N_ ⁇ 2, etc., dissolved in a glass obtained by A s, S b, but may include S n O 2, etc., they are very small since, a s, S b, in calculating the amount of the S n 0 2, etc. of the raw materials, a s, S b, the mass of glass containing S N_ ⁇ 2 such as 1 0 0 part You can calculate it.
- Raw material does not contain any of A s and S b, or raw material total A s or A s 2 0 3 in terms of content and S b 2 0 3 in terms of content also contain S b is the raw material 0 the mass of glass obtained by dissolving a 1 0 0 parts. 1 part or less, i.e., the sum of a s 2 0 3 in terms of content and S b 2 0 3 in terms of the content is to dissolve the starting material It is preferable that the glass obtained is added to the glass raw material in an amount corresponding to 0.1 part or less, with the mass of the glass obtained as 100 parts.
- the raw material does not contain S n 0 2 , or even if the raw material contains S n 0 2 , the total content of the raw materials is 0. 0 3 parts or less, i.e., the S N_ ⁇ 2 is added to the glass raw material in an amount corresponding to the mass of the glass obtained by dissolving the raw material below 0.0 3 parts as 1 0 0 parts, and especially It is preferably at most 0.02 parts. If it exceeds 0.02 parts, especially if it exceeds 0.03 parts, the refining action of the ammonium chloride may be reduced.
- the raw materials may contain chlorides other than fluoride and ammonium chloride.
- chlorides other than fluoride and ammonium chloride For example, the combined use of chloride Anmoniumu strontium hydrate (S r C l 2 * 6 H 2 0) chloride also Shikuwashioi ⁇ barium hydrate and (B a C l 2 * 2 H 2 0) However, it is possible to increase the C 1 content in the glass while keeping the reduction degree constant.
- the glass of the present invention can be produced, for example, using the method A of the present invention as follows. That is, the raw materials are prepared by blending each component raw material of the glass of the present invention which is usually used so as to have a target composition, and a glass melting furnace having a maximum temperature of, for example, 150 to 160 ° C. Into a molten glass. An appropriate amount of ammonium chloride is added to the raw material.
- the molten glass is then degassed, for example, by keeping it at 1200 to 1500 ° C., or defoamed by a vacuum degassing technique.
- the defoamed molten glass is formed into a sheet glass, for example.
- the molding method include a float method, a fusion method, and a slot down draw method.
- the sheet glass is gradually cooled and then cut, for example, into a glass substrate for TFT-LCD or a glass substrate for PDP.
- the molten glass is made to contain NH 4 + by adding the salt to the raw material, that is, H 2 gas and other gases are generated.
- the method B is characterized by directly supplying a salted ammonia to the molten glass and causing the molten glass to contain NH 4 +, that is, generating H 2 gas and other gases.
- a method of supplying the salted ammonium directly to the molten glass for example, a method of spraying ammonium chloride powder on the surface of the molten glass can be mentioned.
- the method B of the present invention may be used in combination with the method A of the present invention.
- S i 0 2 ⁇ Fe 2 0 3 in Table 1 is the mass ratio of the components when the total amount of S i ⁇ 2 .about.B A_ ⁇ components of the glass obtained in an embodiment of the present invention is 100, Further, ammonium salt / chloride to SO 3 indicates the amount added to the glass raw material.
- An industrial raw material substantially free of sulfate was prepared so that the total in the column of Sio 2 to BaO in Table 1 became 100 so that the composition indicated by mass ratio was obtained, and iron oxide,
- An ammonium salt (ammonium chloride), a chloride (strontium chloride hydrate) or a sulfate (calcium sulfate) was contained to prepare a 250 g raw material.
- the content of the acid iron, chloride or sulfate, the S 10 2 ⁇ Table; Fe 2 0 3 in terms of the content of Fe respectively represented a total of 8 & 0 at a mass ratio which is a 10 0, C 1 content was set to be S0 3 content.
- the amount of ammonium chloride was converted based on the C1 content.
- the content ratio of the ammonium salt in the raw material when the mass of the glass is 100 parts is substantially the same as the value of the mass ratio of the ammonium salt in Table 1.
- “one” indicates “does not contain” and “not” indicates “not measured”.
- oxides of Ti, V, Nb, Mo, and Ce are not substantially contained. Further, Se, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, Mn, Ge, and Cs are not substantially contained.
- the above 250 g of the raw material was placed in a platinum rutpo and melted in an air atmosphere using an electric furnace while being held at 1600 ° C for Examples 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 at 1600 ° C and 1550 ° C for Example 4 for 1 hour. It was a molten glass. The molten glass was poured onto a carbon plate, solidified, and then gradually cooled.
- Fe 2 + in glass was quantified by viviridyl absorption spectrophotometry, and the total Fe ion, that is, 6 2 + + 6 3 + was 1? It was determined quantitatively by emission spectroscopy.
- the r of 6 was not measured but is estimated to be 0.60.
- Dissolved C1 amount Glass was ground and measured by X-ray fluorescence. Example 5 was not measured.
- i3-OH The infrared transmittance was measured and determined by dividing the transmittance at 4000 cm- 1 by the transmittance at 3570 cm- 1 . Note that no measurements were made for Examples 5 and 6.
- Number of bubbles The glass was cut and polished to obtain a glass plate with a thickness of 2 mm. The number of bubbles of about 10 m or more was counted under a stereoscopic microscope, and divided by the volume of the glass plate. In this evaluation, bubbles in the glass after melting and holding for 1 hour are evaluated. Number of bubbles is preferably 1,000 ZCM 3 or less, more preferably 500 / cm 3 or less.
- the number of bubbles sharply decreases as the dissolution time is extended. If the number of bubbles is 2000 / cm 3 or less in this evaluation, the number of bubbles after dissolving for 6 hours under the same conditions is 1 / cm 3 or less. When the number of bubbles is 1000 / cm 3 or less in this evaluation, the number of bubbles after 6 hours of dissolution decreases to a number that can be regarded as substantially zero. In this evaluation, if the number of bubbles is less than 500 cm 3, it is considered that the number of bubbles will be reduced to a value that can be regarded as practically zero even when developed in many continuous melting furnaces.
- the dissolution time in the float method is usually 6 hours or more.
- Transmittance With respect to the glasses of Examples 1 to 3, the glass was cut and polished to obtain a plate glass having a thickness of 7 mm, and a portion where bubbles did not exist was selected to measure the spectral transmittance. For the measurement, the transmittance (%) at 546 nm and 300 nm was determined using a Hitachi U-3500 type recording spectrophotometer.
- the specific gravity, coefficient of thermal expansion and glass transition temperature (Tg), strain point, Young's modulus, and HC1 resistance were as follows. Glass samples were prepared by melting and removing bubbles completely from the glass.
- TMA differential thermal dilatometer
- strain point The strain point () was measured by the fiber-elongation method (JIS R 3103-2 2001).
- Young's modulus A glass (5 OmmX 5 OmmX 1 Omm) having a thickness of 10 mm was prepared, and the Young's modulus (GPa) was measured by an ultrasonic pulse method.
- HC 1 resistance The specimen was immersed in hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 molnoliter at 90 for 20 hours at 90, and the mass loss per unit area was determined from the surface area of the glass and the change in the mass of the glass due to the immersion.
- the glass of Example 3 was qualitatively analyzed for impurities in the glass, that is, elements other than those listed in the table, using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS; 7500 s, manufactured by AgIent). Of the elements detected by ICP-MS, quantitative elements were analyzed quantitatively by the standard addition method. As a result, the impurity element with the highest concentration was 45 ppm in Ti, followed by 1.5 ppm in Pb and 1.1 ppm in Ni, and all other impurity elements were less than 1 ppm. In all cases, the amounts were judged to be practically not contained. As, Sb, and Sn were all below the quantifiable limit. For S0 3, it was 8ppm where took place; quantitative analysis by fluorescence X-ray method (0.0008%).
- the amount of dissolved sulfur 3 in the glass of Example 7 was 0.001%.
- Examples 1 to 5 are examples of the method A of the present invention, and Examples 6 and 7 are comparative examples.
- the fining agent comprises only chloride Anmoniumu
- S_ ⁇ 3 substantially included such les ⁇
- As and S b also does not include substantial.
- the glass contains both NH 4 + and C 1.
- the glasses of Examples 1 to 5 are suitable for a glass substrate for TFT-LCD.
- the effect of fining in the present invention also depends on the composition of the glass, but in an alkali-free glass, a composition having a smaller total amount of alkaline earth metal oxides (MgO, Ca ⁇ , SrO, BaO) has a smaller effect.
- a remarkable fining effect tends to be obtained with the amount of fining agent added.
- the glasses of Examples 1 to 3 contain 11.7% alkaline earth metal oxide in mole%.
- Example 4 has 14.5% and Example 5 has 12.3%. The difference in the number of bubbles between Example 3 and Example 4 is considered to be due to this effect.
- the content of the alkaline earth metal oxide is preferably 20% or less, particularly preferably 15% or less, and more preferably 12% or less.
- the sum of the column of S i 0 2 B aO in Table 3 is shown in mass ratio such that the 100, formulated industrial raw material is substantially free of sulfate, which iron oxide, ammonium ⁇ beam Salts (ammonium bromide, ammonium iodide, ammonium tetraborate tetrahydrate, diammonium hydrogen citrate, or ammonium sulfate) were used to produce 250 g of raw material.
- the amount of the ammonium salt was set such that the total amount of the SiO 2 BaO was 100 and the amount of NH 4 + was 0.25.
- the mass ratio of the ammonium salt in Table 3 is substantially the same.
- Tables 5 and 6 show examples of glass substrates for PDP.
- S I_ ⁇ 2 to F e 2 0 Table 5 3 the total amount of S i 0 2 ⁇ K 2 0 component of the glass obtained in an embodiment of the present invention in a mass ratio of the components 1 00 and the time Yes, and ammonium salt to ⁇ 4 + indicate the amount added to the glass material.
- the composition of the glass in the raw material used in this embodiment, the composition of the S I_ ⁇ 2 ⁇ F e 2 0 3 in Table 5 were similar (B 2 0 3 is about 1/3 volatilization during the dissolution did) .
- Table 6 shows the properties and the like of the glass in this example.
- the implementation method is the same as in Tables 1 and 3.
- the content ratio of the ammonium salt in the raw material when the mass of the glass is 100 parts is substantially the same as the value of the mass ratio of the ammonium salt in Table 5.
- any of A s 2 0 3 and S b 2 0 3 does not contain further small glass bubble even when containing no SO s is obtained.
- Such a glass is suitable for a glass substrate for a display (particularly, a glass substrate for a TFT-LCD).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003242057A AU2003242057A1 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2003-06-09 | Glass and method for production of glass |
JP2004511228A JP4466371B2 (ja) | 2002-06-10 | 2003-06-09 | ガラスおよびガラス製造方法 |
US11/008,408 US20050096209A1 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2004-12-10 | Glass and method for producing glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002-168847 | 2002-06-10 | ||
JP2002168847 | 2002-06-10 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/008,408 Continuation US20050096209A1 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2004-12-10 | Glass and method for producing glass |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003104157A1 true WO2003104157A1 (ja) | 2003-12-18 |
Family
ID=29727702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/007267 WO2003104157A1 (ja) | 2002-06-10 | 2003-06-09 | ガラスおよびガラス製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4466371B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003242057A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200401757A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003104157A1 (ja) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008038779A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited | Composition de verre et article en verre l'utilisant |
JP2009084073A (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-23 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | ガラスの製造方法 |
JP2010030876A (ja) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-02-12 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 強化ガラスおよびその製造方法 |
JP2010241676A (ja) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-10-28 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 無アルカリガラス |
WO2013005679A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-10 | AvanStrate株式会社 | フラットパネルディスプレイ用ガラス基板及びその製造方法 |
EP2650264A4 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2014-06-04 | Nippon Electric Glass Co | LI2O-AL2O3-SIO2 BASED CRYSTALLIZED GLASS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF |
JP2015038025A (ja) * | 2010-03-29 | 2015-02-26 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | ガラスロール及びガラスロール梱包体 |
JP2016102059A (ja) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-02 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | ガラス基板及びその製造方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60141642A (ja) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-26 | Tdk Corp | 高温度安定低膨脹ガラス |
US4820326A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1989-04-11 | Schott Glaswerke | Method for producing solarization-stable ultraviolet filter glasses for the 280-500 nm transmission range |
US5006144A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1991-04-09 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Melting glass with oxidation control and lowered emissions |
US5888917A (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 1999-03-30 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Glass substrate for plasma display panel |
WO1999020577A1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-29 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Infrared and ultraviolet radiation absorbing blue glass composition |
-
2003
- 2003-06-09 WO PCT/JP2003/007267 patent/WO2003104157A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-06-09 AU AU2003242057A patent/AU2003242057A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-09 JP JP2004511228A patent/JP4466371B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-10 TW TW92115737A patent/TW200401757A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60141642A (ja) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-26 | Tdk Corp | 高温度安定低膨脹ガラス |
US4820326A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1989-04-11 | Schott Glaswerke | Method for producing solarization-stable ultraviolet filter glasses for the 280-500 nm transmission range |
US5006144A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1991-04-09 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Melting glass with oxidation control and lowered emissions |
US5888917A (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 1999-03-30 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Glass substrate for plasma display panel |
WO1999020577A1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-29 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Infrared and ultraviolet radiation absorbing blue glass composition |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008038779A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited | Composition de verre et article en verre l'utilisant |
JP2009084073A (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-23 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | ガラスの製造方法 |
JP2010030876A (ja) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-02-12 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 強化ガラスおよびその製造方法 |
JP2012087040A (ja) * | 2008-06-27 | 2012-05-10 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 強化ガラス及びその製造方法 |
JP2010241676A (ja) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-10-28 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 無アルカリガラス |
JP2015038025A (ja) * | 2010-03-29 | 2015-02-26 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | ガラスロール及びガラスロール梱包体 |
EP2650264A4 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2014-06-04 | Nippon Electric Glass Co | LI2O-AL2O3-SIO2 BASED CRYSTALLIZED GLASS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF |
US9120699B2 (en) | 2010-05-31 | 2015-09-01 | Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. | Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 based crystallized glass and production method for the same |
US9458053B2 (en) | 2010-05-31 | 2016-10-04 | Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. | Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 based crystallized glass and production method for the same |
JP2013216561A (ja) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-10-24 | Avanstrate Inc | フラットパネルディスプレイ用ガラス基板及びその製造方法 |
JP5172044B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-03-27 | AvanStrate株式会社 | フラットパネルディスプレイ用ガラス基板及びその製造方法 |
US8932969B2 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2015-01-13 | Avanstrate Inc. | Glass substrate for flat panel display and method for manufacturing same |
WO2013005679A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-10 | AvanStrate株式会社 | フラットパネルディスプレイ用ガラス基板及びその製造方法 |
US9321671B2 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2016-04-26 | Avanstrate Inc. | Glass substrate for flat panel display and manufacturing method thereof |
JP2016199467A (ja) * | 2011-07-01 | 2016-12-01 | AvanStrate株式会社 | フラットパネルディスプレイ用ガラス基板及びその製造方法 |
JP2016102059A (ja) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-02 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | ガラス基板及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200401757A (en) | 2004-02-01 |
JPWO2003104157A1 (ja) | 2005-10-06 |
JP4466371B2 (ja) | 2010-05-26 |
AU2003242057A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7763559B2 (en) | Glass substrate for display and display | |
JP5909263B2 (ja) | 清澄剤として鉄およびスズを含有する無アルカリガラス | |
US20050096209A1 (en) | Glass and method for producing glass | |
JP5537144B2 (ja) | ガラス組成物とそれを用いたフラットパネルディスプレイ用ガラス基板 | |
JP7421171B2 (ja) | ガラス | |
US20140356608A1 (en) | Method for producing glasses, glass ceramics and the use thereof | |
WO2006080444A1 (ja) | ガラスの製造方法 | |
KR20080003373A (ko) | 무알칼리 유리 및 그 제조 방법 | |
JP2006265001A (ja) | ガラスおよびガラス製造方法 | |
US20110011319A1 (en) | Spool holder and sewing machine provided therewith | |
WO2006064878A1 (ja) | ガラス組成物およびその製造方法 | |
WO2003104157A1 (ja) | ガラスおよびガラス製造方法 | |
CN113526865A (zh) | 铝硅酸盐玻璃及其制造方法 | |
JP2017030975A (ja) | 無アルカリガラスおよびその製造方法 | |
JP5882840B2 (ja) | ガラス組成物とそれを用いたディスプレイ用ガラス基板 | |
JP5484220B2 (ja) | 表示装置用ガラス基板および表示装置 | |
CN105916821B (zh) | 硅酸盐玻璃的制造方法、硅酸盐玻璃及硅酸盐玻璃用二氧化硅原料 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004511228 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11008408 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |