WO2003098873A1 - A method to realize dynamic networking and resource sharing among equipments - Google Patents

A method to realize dynamic networking and resource sharing among equipments Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003098873A1
WO2003098873A1 PCT/CN2003/000361 CN0300361W WO03098873A1 WO 2003098873 A1 WO2003098873 A1 WO 2003098873A1 CN 0300361 W CN0300361 W CN 0300361W WO 03098873 A1 WO03098873 A1 WO 03098873A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
service
node
network
devices
home
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2003/000361
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Zhiqiang He
Jingnan Huang
Xiandong Liu
Yujin Luo
Dekui Zhang
Yuanyi Zhang
Yanpin Ren
Ming Li
Chuang Meng
Shan Jiang
Original Assignee
Legend (Beijing) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CNB021173346A external-priority patent/CN1160639C/zh
Priority claimed from CNB021296537A external-priority patent/CN1160911C/zh
Priority claimed from CNB021306303A external-priority patent/CN1160913C/zh
Application filed by Legend (Beijing) Limited filed Critical Legend (Beijing) Limited
Priority to KR20047018552A priority Critical patent/KR100681625B1/ko
Priority to AU2003242113A priority patent/AU2003242113A1/en
Priority to US10/514,341 priority patent/US20060155802A1/en
Priority to JP2004506243A priority patent/JP4068094B2/ja
Priority to EP03735240.8A priority patent/EP1511218B1/en
Publication of WO2003098873A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003098873A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50Network services
    • H04L67/51Discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40Network security protocols
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803Home automation networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/246Connectivity information discovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of computer networks and distributed computing, and more particularly, to a method for supporting interconnection and interconnection between network devices in a network environment, including a method for dynamically networking to implement resource sharing. Background of the invention
  • TCP / IP protocol Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
  • the device dynamic networking involved in the present invention includes three meanings: one is that there is no need to change the network parameters of the devices in the network; the other is that the related devices can be dynamically selected from the network to form a node, and the node can be used to implement a single device Completed functions, or improve the performance of the original functions of these single devices.
  • the third is that two nodes can directly communicate and share resources to expand the functions of a single node.
  • the resource sharing according to the present invention means that devices on the network can easily publish resources that they can provide, and can easily retrieve and use resources that other devices can provide, without adding network devices.
  • UPNP Forum proposed a network architecture focused on controlling home appliances.
  • UPNP-based network devices can dynamically form a peer-to-peer network.
  • Each device on the network can dynamically publish its own resources and retrieve resources from other devices in the network.
  • UPNP provides a method for one device to control another device as a control point, rather than implementing multiple devices. Method of dynamic networking and resource sharing.
  • C0RBA is a cross-platform distributed computing technology proposed by the International Object Management Group. This technology requires a dedicated central server in the network to implement object retrieval. Its application model is more suitable for client / server (Client / Server) mode, which cannot well support dynamic networking and resource sharing and collaboration among multiple devices.
  • DC0M distributed computing technology proposed by Microsoft, but its implementation is limited to Microsoft's system platform, and it only provides a new CI ient / Server computing platform.
  • Grid has proposed a technology for implementing resource sharing in a network environment across organizations or companies, but so far, this technology is only a development framework and fails to give specific implementation of dynamic networking and resource sharing. method.
  • An object of the present invention is to design a method for implementing dynamic networking and resource sharing between devices.
  • the method can implement dynamic networking and resource sharing for multiple devices in a network, including: devices in the network do not need to adjust original network parameters. Changes can be made dynamically and freely; each device on the network can either publish its own resources or retrieve and utilize the resources of other devices.
  • Another object of the present invention is to design a backbone network networking method for a home network, by establishing a basic composition architecture of the home backbone network, so as to realize dynamic networking and information of home network equipment. Source sharing.
  • Another object of the present invention is to design a method for implementing dynamic networking and resource sharing between devices in a home backbone network, so that various isolated devices (including processors and storage units) in a home environment can be dynamically interconnected together.
  • a network is formed, and various devices in the network can access and utilize resources on other devices, and new devices can be added to the network at any time, thereby improving interoperability and ease of use among home devices.
  • the present invention provides a method for implementing dynamic networking and resource sharing between devices, which is characterized by including the following steps:
  • A1 Install a dynamic networking and resource sharing module group on each device that needs to implement dynamic networking and resource sharing, including: a network transport layer module that is responsible for data transmission and reception; a device management module that establishes the connection relationship between devices Control and management; service management module, to realize the service management of the device itself or the nodes, and these devices periodically announce messages to the network by multicast;
  • a device acts as a node control device and announces its existence message in a multicast manner to create a node
  • the device joining the node finds the device providing the service by indexing the device to the node control device, and obtains the required service from the device by sending service call information.
  • the nodes include a public node and a dedicated node; the service entities on all devices belong to the same public node by default, and the service entity on any device can create a dedicated node outside the public node.
  • a public node and a dedicated node are created to dynamically combine multiple services (devices) to achieve resource sharing.
  • a public node may have a service entity (device) capable of completing node management.
  • the public node The remaining services (devices) of the node are registered with this service (device) and are managed by the entity (device); by default, all service entities (devices) that belong to the same public node can create a dedicated node outside the public node , You can invite or configure other service entities (devices) to join the newly created dedicated node; after a new public or dedicated node is created, its node management service entity is responsible for announcing its existence message to the network, and other service entities are listening to After the public or private node announces the message, it can apply to join the management service entity (device) of the public or private node. In this way, each device in the network can realize the invention purpose of publishing its own resources and retrieving and utilizing other device resources.
  • the method for implementing dynamic networking and resource sharing between devices of the present invention further includes a communication method between nodes, including:
  • the source node control device and the target node control device respectively send node announcement messages of the respective nodes to the network;
  • the source node control device and the target node control device respectively establish a resource sharing relationship between the two nodes and exchange resource information through a process of initiating a request and receiving a request;
  • the device in the source node initiates its node control device and forwards the request for invoking the device resource in the target node via the target node control device;
  • the present invention establishes a resource sharing relationship through a communication mechanism between two nodes (including a public node and a public node, a dedicated node and a dedicated node, and a public node and a dedicated node), and can exchange node resource information with each other. Devices in the nodes can then share resources through their respective node control devices.
  • the present invention also provides a backbone network networking method for a home network, which is characterized by including:
  • A2 At least one service providing device for providing services to other devices in the home network
  • C2 Set up a protocol gateway to connect the home network backbone network with the external network; D2. Service provision equipment, service use equipment and protocol gateways are connected to the home network backbone network through a broadband, high-speed home network backbone network protocol.
  • the service providing device and the service using device in steps A2 and B2 may be the same physical device.
  • the backbone network of the home network adopts a wired transmission method; or a wireless transmission method; or both a wired transmission method and a wireless transmission method.
  • a service providing device or a service using device or a protocol gateway is designated as a resource management device of a home network backbone network, and constitutes a backbone network topology structure of a master-slave connection mode between the resource management device and other devices, and is managed by resources.
  • the device centrally controls other devices.
  • the centralized control includes: the service providing device and / or the service using device are added to the home network backbone network after being successfully registered on the resource management device, and the service using device joining the home network backbone network is indexed from the resource management device.
  • a backbone network topology structure of a peer-to-peer connection is formed by the service providing device, the service using device, and the protocol gateway in a peer-to-peer connection manner.
  • the peer-to-peer connection is completed by the source device that wants to connect sends a peer-to-peer connection creation request to the target device, and the target device sends a peer-to-peer connection creation response to the source device.
  • the target device and the source device may be service providing devices and service using devices.
  • the service providing device and the service using device are reciprocal, and a home network backbone network device may be a service providing device and a service using device at the same time.
  • the present invention also provides a method for implementing dynamic networking and resource sharing between devices in a home backbone network, which is characterized by including the following steps:
  • the device announces the device information in a multicast manner through the release announcement message;
  • the device obtains the existence message of other devices by listening or searching;
  • the service using device or service providing device forms a home network together with the resource management device by registering on a resource management device; or more than one service using device or service providing device forms a home network through peer-to-peer connection;
  • the service using device joining the home network obtains the service information of the service providing device in the home network by initiating a service search request to the resource management device, and the service using device obtains the service by issuing a service lease request and a service call request to the service providing device.
  • the service using device obtains the information of the service providing device by initiating a service search request, service lease request, and service call request to the service providing device with which it has a peer-to-peer connection relationship.
  • Service information, rights to use services, and services provided using service provisioning equipment are examples of service providing device in the home network.
  • the home backbone network equipment includes information equipment, communication equipment, and entertainment equipment.
  • the equipment and its service information encapsulate and publish the equipment and its service description specifications according to the backbone network protocol.
  • the backbone network protocol stack includes a protocol for data transmission between devices and services.
  • the mutual transmission management layer is an intermediate protocol layer for realizing interconnection and resource sharing between devices in a home network, and an application support layer that provides an API access interface for upper-layer applications.
  • step B3 the device periodically announces the information of the device in a multicast manner; the announced message includes at least the device description, the network addressing identifier of the device, and the service information carried by the device.
  • the listening method is that the device obtains the existence information of other devices by listening to the device announcement messages of other devices;
  • the searching method is that the device sends a device search message through multicast, and receives the group When a device that broadcasts a search message meets the search condition in the search message, it returns its own device announcement information in unicast mode.
  • step D3 when a resource management device is specified on the service use or service providing device, the service use or service providing device initiates a registration process to the resource management device existing in the network.
  • step D3 the service use or service providing device performs registration on only one resource management device at a time.
  • the step D3 further includes: successfully registering the service providing device on the resource management device, and registering its own service on the resource management device; the resource management device maintains all the devices and service information registered on the device.
  • step D3 more than one device forms a home backbone network through a peer-to-peer connection method, and further includes: one device acquires the existence message of the other device by listening to the multicast announcement message of the other device; one device initiates to the other device A peer-to-peer connection creation request to request services on other devices.
  • the step D3 further includes a process of establishing a security mechanism, including:
  • the resource management device sends authentication information to the device that joins the home network, and its authentication key is configured by the key configuration management program. If the authentication succeeds, the registration is successful.
  • connection authentication key is secret.
  • the key configuration management program is issued and maintained locally on two peer-connected devices.
  • the method of the present invention can allow the electrical equipment in the home to dynamically form a whole as desired, so that various devices can cooperate to provide system users and complete services for home users.
  • the openness of the device fully considers future development and Support for existing technologies and equipment.
  • the method of the invention supports both wired network and wireless network environments. Brief description of the drawings
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a logical structure of a device that abstracts various physical network devices from a functional perspective into a logical device in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a public node according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a node (public or private) generation process of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication process between nodes according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram when a node generation mechanism of the present invention is used in a conference room;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a home network embodiment constructed according to the method of the present invention;
  • FIG. 7 is a backbone network topology of a home network slave / master connection method Simple structure and resource sharing diagram;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the backbone network topology and resource sharing of a home network peer-to-peer connection
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a layered structure of a device protocol stack used by a home network backbone network
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a transmission management layer structure in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an intermediate protocol layer in FIG. 9;
  • Figure 12 is a flowchart of the implementation of dynamic networking and resource sharing of devices in the backbone network of the home network system.
  • the method of the present invention does not need to add any new equipment on the basis of the original equipment of the network. It only needs to install additional software on the equipment that has the functions of dynamic networking and resource sharing, and the software can realize the invention in a limited range network environment.
  • the following dynamic networking and resource sharing One device can intelligently establish the underlying communication link with other devices; announce other related information to other devices; discover other devices with the software in the network, and dynamically and intelligently with them as needed Form a node (combination of multiple services) to support service sharing and integration distributed across multiple devices.
  • the service is provided by a resource entity with certain functions, including software or hardware or software-hardware collaboration, such as the
  • the print driver provides printing services by the printer's physical device itself.
  • FIG. 1 it is a model structure in which various physical network devices in the method of the present invention are abstracted from a functional perspective into a logical device, and includes a service management layer 11, a device management layer 12, and a network transmission layer 13 from top to bottom.
  • the network transmission layer 13 is responsible for sending and receiving data;
  • the device management layer 12 implements control and management of establishing connection relationships between devices, such as implementing identity authentication between devices, etc .;
  • the service management layer 11 implements services of the device itself or device nodes Management, such as checking the security of service calls.
  • a node consisting of multiple devices needs to be formed in the network.
  • One device in the node is required to implement the node management function.
  • the device that implements the node management function is the node control device, that is, one node is composed of one node. Control device and possibly multiple devices.
  • a node control device must have a service entity capable of performing the node management function.
  • Each device implementing the method of the present invention can have a service entity capable of performing the node management function. However, within a node, there is only one device at a time. The node management service entity on is active.
  • Node control equipment can be specified by the user or can be dynamically generated.
  • the nodes of the present invention may include two types of nodes: a public node and a dedicated node. All service entities in the same broadcast domain belong to the same public node by default, and any service entity may create a dedicated node outside the public node.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a node structure for implementing the method of the present invention.
  • Device 1, device 2, device 3, and device 4 are connected to a local area network or a wireless local area network (LAN / WLAN), and device 1, device 2, and device 3 in the ellipse form A node 1.
  • a service entity NMS1 Node Manager Service
  • a service entity NMS2 for managing node 1 exists on the device 1 to form a node 1 control device.
  • the device 2 and the device 3 are a server (Service) 1 and a server (Service) 2 respectively.
  • a service entity NMS2 that manages node 1 exists on device 4 to form a node 1 control device.
  • device 1, device 2, device 3, and device 4 are connected to a local area network or a wireless local area network (LAN / WLAN), where GNMS (Global Node Management Service) is one of the devices on device 1 to implement common node management
  • GNMS Global Node Management Service
  • the service entity SNMS Specific Node Manage Service
  • Service 1 is a service on device 3
  • Service 2 is a service on device 4.
  • Step 1 Device 1 creates a public node and announces its public node message to the network LAN / WLAN;
  • Step 2 step 3 and step 4, respectively, device 2, device 3 and device 4 add themselves to the public node;
  • Step 5 Device 2 creates a new dedicated node and announces the relevant dedicated node message to the network.
  • Step 6 The device 2 queries the public node for service information existing in the network.
  • Step 7 Device 1 returns related service information to device 2.
  • Step 8 device 2 invites device 3 where Service 1 is located to join the dedicated node; step 9, device 3 joins the dedicated node; Step 10, the device 2 invites the device 4 where the Service 2 is located to join the dedicated node; step 11, the device 4 joins the dedicated node;
  • Step 12. Device 2 sends service call information to Service 1.
  • Step 13 Device 2 sends service call information to Service 2.
  • Figure 3 shows a node generation process, including a public node or a dedicated node (a complete node generation and dissolution process should include: device announcement, node creation, node expansion, node destruction, public node management, and device election steps) . It should be noted that, in a dynamic network, it is not required that a public node and a dedicated node coexist. As long as a public node or a dedicated node is created, the dynamic networking and resource sharing of the device can be realized.
  • all devices in the same broadcast domain belong to the same public node by default. Any device can act as the node control device of the public node under the condition that its own capability allows, but only one public node control device, such as device 1, can exist in the same broadcast domain at the same time.
  • the life cycle of a public node automatically disappears when no control device exists in the network.
  • the device should join the public node.
  • a device joins a public node it should register the service information of the device with the control device of the public node.
  • the public node controls the services on all devices in the device management node. The management of the services of each device by the public node only serves as a service index.
  • Any device in the network can create a dedicated node outside the public node, such as device 2.
  • the device can invite other devices to join the newly created dedicated node.
  • a device can only be active in one node at a time. The life cycle of a dedicated node is maintained by the node control device that created the dedicated node.
  • the node's life cycle is controlled by the node's control device.
  • device 1 controls the life cycle of the public node
  • device 2 controls the life cycle of the dedicated node.
  • the control device decides to destroy the previously created node, it should send the node to each device in the node. Exit notification. One device returns When leaving the participating nodes, all service information of this device should be deregistered on the control device of the public node.
  • the node of the node controls the device, that is, device 1 and device 2 in the figure are responsible for announcing the existence information of the node to the network, and the node announcement message is sent in the form of multicast.
  • the node announcement message includes at least the network addressing identifier of the node control device, the node type of the node, the node identifier of the node, and other related attribute information.
  • the node control device configures other devices on the network, so that these devices must register the service information that can be provided on the node control device to join the node.
  • All devices in the network announce device information in multicast mode. They regularly announce messages to network multicast devices. The messages indicate the device's network addressing identifier, device description information, and service information on the device for other users. The device obtains information about the device accordingly.
  • the node control device periodically announces its own existence message to the network.
  • the node announcement message includes at least the network addressing identifier of the node control device, the node type of the node, the node identifier of the node, and other related attribute information.
  • the node announces that the message is sent in the form of multicast.
  • Any device on the network can actively or passively find nodes that exist on the network.
  • the active method is that the device sends a node search message to the network in multicast or multicast mode.
  • the node control device that meets the search conditions sends a node announcement message to the search device in a unicast form;
  • the passive method is that the device listens to the specified multicast address and multicast address to obtain the addresses in the same broadcast domain or in different broadcast domains Node's message.
  • a device When a device finds that a node message exists in the network, it can initiate a node join request to the control device of the node, and the node control device decides whether to allow the device to join the node, that is, to implement node expansion.
  • the node control device can also listen to the device announcement messages on the network to get the current For device information on the network, the node control device can initiate a node join invitation to the device, and the device determines whether to join the node.
  • NMS 1 Node Manage Service
  • NMS 2 Node Manage Service
  • Service 1 is a service on device 1 in node 1
  • Service 2 is a service on device 4 in node 2.
  • the steps for implementing the communication mechanism between NMS 1 and NMS 2 are as follows:
  • Step 1 Device 2 sends a node announcement message of node 1 to the network.
  • Step 2 Device 3 sends a node announcement message of node 1 to the network.
  • Step 3 Node 1 initiates a resource sharing request to node 2.
  • Step 4 node 2 accepts the resource sharing request from node 1, and establishes a resource sharing relationship between nodes between node 1 and node 2;
  • Step 5 Node 1 and node 2 exchange node resource information.
  • Step 6 Service 1 on device 1 in node 1 initiates a call request to node 1 control device to service 2 on device 4 in node 2.
  • Step 7 the node 1 control device forwards the call request to the node 1 control device;
  • step 8 the node 2 control device forwards the call request to the device 4;
  • Step 9 Service 2 of Device 4 sends the call response back to Node 2 control device; Step 10, Node 2 control device forwards the call response to Node 1 control device; Step 11, Node 1 control device forwards the call response to Device 1.
  • the communication mechanism between two different public or private nodes is implemented by the respective node control devices.
  • the control devices of the two nodes can discover each other through the node's announcement message.
  • the control device of one node (called the source node control device)
  • the control device of the point (called the target node control device) initiates a resource sharing request.
  • the target node control device makes a request to allow or deny the node resource sharing of the source node according to its own security policy.
  • the devices in the two nodes can share resources through the control devices of the respective nodes.
  • the call response includes service call information and cooperative control information between services.
  • FIG. 5 the figure schematically illustrates an intelligent conference room network structure formed by applying the method of the present invention to a conference room environment.
  • 51 is an AP device providing wireless access
  • 52 is a network printer
  • 57 is a PC device.
  • the AP device 51, the network printer 52, and the PC device 57 are connected through an Ethernet 58.
  • Participant notebook 1 (53), Participant Notebook 2 (54),... participant notebook N (55), wireless projector 56 and PDA, mobile phone (not shown in the figure) are used as mobile devices, and are connected to AP device 51 through wireless local area network 59.
  • AP devices 51, network printers 52, and PC devices 57 that provide wireless access are provided, and wireless projectors 56 are resident devices in the conference room.
  • wireless projectors 56 are resident devices in the conference room.
  • the functions and performance of the AP device 51, the network printer 52, and the wireless projector 56 are concerned, they are not enough to serve as a common node control device.
  • the conference administrator designates a device from PC device 57 and N participant notebooks as the common node control device.
  • the network printer 52 and the wireless projector 56 can register their services to the public node control device by listening to the public node announcement message.
  • each participant notebook can also create a dedicated node to use the wireless projector 56 and / or the network printer 52 without conflict.
  • the home network should include four levels of meaning:
  • Information equipment, communication equipment, entertainment equipment, household appliances, automation equipment, security (monitoring) devices in the home can be interconnected and dynamically networked to realize resource sharing and form a home intelligent network system;
  • the home network is connected to the community and the Internet through a gateway to exchange information with the external environment of the home;
  • the requirements of the home network are completely different from those of the commercial network.
  • the topological structure of the digital home network system mainly includes two levels: the backbone network and the control subnet.
  • the backbone network interconnects information equipment, communication equipment, and entertainment equipment (generally devices with relatively strong computing and storage capabilities).
  • the control subnet connects home appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners to the backbone network through the control gateway.
  • the home backbone network also supports wireless transmission and access methods. Therefore, in the form of networking, the home network backbone network should include both wired and wireless parts.
  • the external Internet can also be connected to the home network backbone through a portal gateway to achieve broadband access.
  • a dashed box illustrates a structure of an embodiment of a home network (including a backbone network and a control subnet) established in accordance with the network construction method of the present invention, which is implemented by using Ethernet.
  • the backbone network has two transmission methods: wired and wireless.
  • the requirements for the home backbone network are mainly high-speed transmission, high quality of service guarantee, dynamic networking, and effective resource sharing. This allows many complicated electrical appliances in the home to organically interconnect and work together, effectively implementing dynamic networking and resource sharing between devices.
  • 61 is a home gateway device (including a portal gateway and a control gateway), 62 is an electric light device, 63 is a television device, 64 is a sound device, 65 is a PC device, and 66 is an AP device providing wireless access through a wireless local area network. 67 Connect mobile devices 68 (including PDA, laptop, etc.).
  • the home gateway 61 has low power consumption and continuous power performance. In addition, it should also have multiple network interfaces.
  • interface 1 is an external Internet interface to connect to the Internet.
  • Interface 2 is an RS232 interface to connect lights 52, TV 53, and audio 54.
  • Interface 3 is an Ethernet interface and is connected to a PC 65, an AP 66, and so on.
  • the home gateway 61 may be designated as a public node control device in the network.
  • the AP device 66 in the backbone network is a device that provides wireless access, and the mobile device 68 is connected to the main network through a wireless local area network 67.
  • the node control device (also called resource management device) on the backbone network should be an information device such as a PC, which can run various services on it.
  • the home gateway 61 has the function of a protocol gateway here. Through the protocol gateway, the backbone network can interact with devices in the Internet 1 and the control subnet 2 such as televisions, stereos, and lights. In addition, the home gateway 61 can also function as a resource management device. All devices on the backbone network are registered on it, and the home gateway 61 is responsible for indexing all devices on the backbone network and their services. Network devices in the home, such as PC device 65, mobile device 68, enter Ethernet After that, the public node with the home gateway 61 as the control device can be found by listening to the public node message.
  • CEBus Traditional household electrical appliances in the home, such as electric light 62, television 63, audio 64, etc., can be connected to the home gateway 61 through various home network standard interfaces, such as CEBus, etc., through various home network standard interfaces, such as RS232 interfaces.
  • the home gateway 61 runs a CEBus network proxy service entity to implement the release and control of CEBus network services.
  • the public node can control the node services and retrieval services provided by the device-home gateway 61 to discover each device in the home network and obtain the services provided by these devices.
  • each device can be controlled, for example, a PC 65, a PDA of a mobile device 68 can be used to control the TV 63, audio 64, and so on.
  • devices outside the home can also access the home network through the network access service provided by the Internet and the home gateway 61, and then join the home network node to implement home node Remote control of appliances.
  • the following further describes the networking method using the method of the present invention to implement the home network backbone network (public node) in combination with the embodiments.
  • the home network backbone network builds the family's information / multimedia network, and realizes the dynamic networking interconnection of information equipment, communication equipment, and entertainment equipment.
  • the data transmitted in the home network backbone network mainly includes text, pictures, audio, video and other information.
  • the members of the home backbone network involved include information equipment, communication equipment, and entertainment equipment. Through the protocol gateway, they can also communicate with the Internet and some household appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, audio, etc. These devices are the carriers that provide services and obtain services.
  • Each device that supports the backbone network protocol has a globally unique identification code, which is called device identification.
  • the involved protocol gateways provide services to convert different protocols.
  • the resource management equipment involved ie public node control Device
  • the service providing device involved refers to a device that provides services to other devices on the network.
  • the service involved refers to a functional entity that runs on the device and meets the standard interface defined by the backbone network protocol.
  • Each service has an identification number, called a service identification.
  • the identification number can be a 32-bit unsigned integer.
  • the service ID is assigned by the device that provides its service.
  • the service providing device involved refers to a device that provides services to other devices on the network.
  • the service usage device involved is a device that uses services provided by other devices in the network.
  • the unicast method involved refers to a sending device sending information to a designated receiving device.
  • the involved multicast mode refers to a sending device sending information to a specified set of receiving devices.
  • a device can serve as a service providing device to other devices, and can also use a service provided by another device as a service using device.
  • FIG. 7 shows a topology of a home network backbone network established in a master / slave manner.
  • a centralized control device that is, a resource management device 71
  • other devices in the network include a service providing device 72 and / or a service using device that wirelessly access the backbone network.
  • the service providing devices 72 and 74 and / or the service using devices 73 and 75 must be registered and successfully registered on the resource management device 71 when joining the home network backbone network, and the activities of other devices joining the home network backbone network are determined by The centralized control device controls, that is, indexing a service function from the resource management device.
  • the protocol gateway 76 implements communication between the home network backbone network and other networks 77 such as the external Internet.
  • a home backbone network device can be either a service providing device or a service using device.
  • a resource management device can also be a service providing or service using device.
  • the home backbone is usually implemented with wired Ethernet; or wireless Ethernet; or Mixed implementation of wireless and wireless Ethernet is characterized by high frequency bandwidth and high speed.
  • the figure shows the topology of a home network backbone network established in a peer-to-peer manner. And a service providing device 84 and / or a service using device 85 that accesses the backbone network via a wired connection.
  • the protocol gateway 86 realizes the connection between the home network backbone network and other networks 87 such as the external Internet.
  • the difference from the master / slave structure shown in Figure 7 is:
  • there is no centralized control device that is, there is no resource management device.
  • the relationship between service provision and service using equipment and protocol gateways in the network are all peer-to-peer.
  • a device can be both a service providing device and a service using device.
  • the process of establishing a peer-to-peer connection is as follows: the source device sends a request to create a peer-to-peer connection, and the target device sends a peer-to-peer connection to the source device.
  • the source device and the target device can mutually serve the service using device and the service providing device.
  • the method for constructing a home network backbone network can establish a basic architecture of the home network backbone network, and based on it, can flexibly and conveniently implement dynamic networking among various devices of the home network, thereby achieving resource sharing.
  • the method for implementing dynamic networking and resource sharing between devices in a home backbone network using the method of the present invention is further described below with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
  • Supporting dynamic networking among various devices in the home backbone network means that the devices in the home backbone network can dynamically select related devices from the network to form a home network without manually configuring network parameters in advance.
  • Resource sharing means that devices in the home backbone network can publish resources provided by themselves, and can also easily retrieve and use other Provided resources, the function of a single device can be extended between any two devices through direct communication and resource sharing.
  • the existing TCP / IP protocol provides basic communication and addressing methods for network devices.
  • the present The invention designs a home backbone network protocol based on the TCP / IP protocol.
  • dynamic networking and resource sharing between devices is realized, including device discovery, service discovery, device registration, device connection, service registration, service access, service call, etc. The process is executed according to the corresponding sub-protocol.
  • Equipment manufacturers and service providers provide information about equipment and services. These equipment and service information are encapsulated according to the backbone network protocol. The encapsulated information is published on the network through the device discovery process and service discovery process. Multiple devices dynamically generate a home backbone network through device registration, service registration, and device connection processes.
  • the home backbone network may have a home resource management device (master / slave connection mode) that functions as a central index and service access authorization, or may not have a home resource management device (peer-to-peer connection mode). Devices are fully peer-to-peer connected. Services on the device share resources through a service invocation process.
  • the figure shows a backbone network protocol stack structure used by the method of the present invention.
  • This protocol stack is logically divided into 3 layers, from top to bottom being an application support layer, an intermediate protocol layer, and a transmission management layer.
  • the transmission management layer is the basis for data interaction between the intermediate protocol layers and is used for data interaction between devices and services. Its data interaction is based on TCP / IP protocol.
  • the transmission management layer is based on the TCP / IP and HTTP protocols, and its structure is shown in Figure 10. From top to bottom, it is the HTTP (HTTP, HTTP, and HTTPU) protocol, the secure transmission protocol, TCP (UDP), and IP.
  • HTTP HTTP, HTTP, and HTTPU
  • TCP secure transmission protocol
  • IP IP
  • the security transmission protocol is responsible for the security of the transmission channel between the devices.
  • the intermediate protocol layer is used to implement interconnection and resource sharing between network devices. Consists of several sub-protocols, including device discovery agreement, device registration agreement, device connection agreement, service registration agreement, service discovery agreement, service lease agreement, service authorization agreement, service call agreement And equipment certification and secure transmission protocols.
  • the logical relationship between the sub-protocols of the intermediate protocol layer is shown in Figure 11.
  • the service discovery protocol and service registration agreement; service lease agreement and service call agreement; service authorization agreement which is located at the lower layer From top to bottom are the device discovery protocol, the device connection protocol, and the device registration protocol.
  • the device discovery protocol, device registration protocol, and device connection protocol are the basis for the execution of other sub-protocols in the intermediate protocol layer.
  • services can be operated through protocols such as service registration, service discovery, service lease, service invocation, and service authorization.
  • the application support layer provides software API access interfaces for upper-layer applications.
  • the intermediate protocol layer provides core protocols for interconnection and resource sharing, the application support layer protocol provides corresponding software interfaces for specific application development.
  • a unified application support layer protocol is designed to ensure interoperability between similar devices from different manufacturers.
  • the first step to achieve dynamic networking and resource sharing is device discovery.
  • Each device supporting the method of the present invention periodically announces the relevant information of the device to the network in the form of multicast.
  • the announcement message includes the device description information, the device's network addressing identifier, and the service information carried by the device.
  • the device can obtain the existence information of other devices by listening to the device announcement messages of other devices; it can also send a device search request message through multicast.
  • the device search request information should include the search conditions and receive the multicast search request The information device, if it meets the search conditions in the device search request, should return its own device declaration letter in unicast mode.
  • a home resource management device usually designated by humans
  • a home resource management device and Registered devices form a home backbone network.
  • the process of generating the home backbone network is:
  • resource management device initiates a device registration process
  • resource management device when a resource management device exists in the network, these service use or service providing devices shall initiate a device registration process with the resource management device. If two or more resource management devices exist in the network at the same time as the resource management device for building a home network.
  • Service use or service providing equipment can only be registered on one resource management device at a time.
  • the service providing device After the service providing device is successfully registered on the resource management device, it should register its own service on the resource management device.
  • the resource management device should maintain all device information and related service information registered on it.
  • the service using device or service providing device can log out of the home network at any time by sending a device deregistration request to the resource management device. At this time, the resource management device will delete the registration information and registered service information of these devices.
  • all home devices When there is no home resource management device, all home devices perform communication, dynamic networking, and resource sharing in a peer-to-peer connection manner to form a home backbone network.
  • the process of generating the home backbone network is:
  • a home device can obtain information about other devices by listening to the multicast announcement messages of other devices, and then can initiate a peer-to-peer connection creation request to other devices in order to make corresponding requests for services on other devices.
  • the service-using device or service-providing device may exit the home network unexpectedly. When the power is lost, the service-using device may also send a request to the service-providing device to cancel the connection relationship and withdraw from the home network.
  • a service using device added to a home network can obtain service information of other devices in the home network by initiating a service search request to the resource management device of the home network;
  • Corresponding service The service providing device initiates a service lease request to obtain the right to use the service; by initiating a service call request to the service provided on the corresponding service providing device, the service can be used.
  • the service-using device can obtain the service of the service-providing device by initiating a service search request to the service-providing device Information; by initiating a service lease request to a service providing device, the right to use the service can be obtained; by initiating a service call request to the service providing device, the service provided by the service providing device can be used.
  • the whole process of dynamic home networking is shown in the figure, including device announcement, device registration, service registration, service search, service lease, service call, and device cancellation.
  • device 1, device 2, device 3, and device are connected to a local area network or wireless local area network (LAN / WLAN).
  • LAN / WLAN wireless local area network
  • device 1 is a resource management device for the home network
  • device 2 is a service use device
  • device 3 and device 4 It is a service providing device.
  • Each of the devices 1, 2, 3, and 4 has its own service entity.
  • Step 1 The resource management device 1 sends a device announcement message to the outside.
  • Steps 2, 3, and 4, Device 2, Device 3, and Device 4 that are used as a service or a service providing device perform device registration according to the announcement message of the resource management device 1, and register the devices 2, 3, and 4 after the device registration.
  • the service entity that has been locally registered is then registered on the resource management device 1 again;
  • Step 5 The service on the device 2 queries (finds) other service information existing in the network from the resource management device 1;
  • Step 6 The resource management device 1 returns related other service information to the search-initiated service on the device 2.
  • Step 7 the service on device 2 initiates the lease request information to the service on device 3;
  • step 8 the service on device 3 returns the lease response information to the service on device 2 that initiated the lease request;
  • Step 9 The service on device 2 sends a call message to the service that was successfully leased on device 3-Step 10, device 4 sends a device logout to resource management device 1 and exits the network.
  • a security mechanism for interaction between devices in a home network must be established, including the establishment of a security mechanism in the presence of a home resource management device and the establishment of a security mechanism in the absence of a home resource management device.
  • a device When a home network resource management device exists, if a device wants to join the home network, it must register with the resource management device. When registering, the resource management device initiates authentication to the device. If the authentication is passed, the device is successfully registered.
  • the authentication key is responsible for a special key configuration management program, which can be set on the resource management device or any other device with human-computer interaction capabilities.
  • the key configuration management program is not only responsible for the configuration of the authentication key between the device and the resource management device, but also for configuring the connection authentication key between the devices.
  • the connection security between devices is based on the private key, which means that the connection authentication key between devices is negotiated between two specific devices. Another use of the connection authentication key between devices is based on the key, establishing a transmission key between the two devices for secure transmission.
  • a device When there is no home network resource management device, if a device wants to join the home network, its security mechanism is similar to the situation when there is a home resource management device, except that the authentication process between the device and the resource management device becomes a connection between the devices. During the authentication process, the connection authentication key between the devices is issued by the key configuration management program and maintained locally on the device.
  • the key configuration is performed by a special key configuration management program.
  • the configuration is performed manually by the user.
  • the key configuration management program needs the support of human-computer interaction. If the device cannot provide a human-computer interaction interface, the configuration program cannot run. At this time, the device can only rely on other capabilities.
  • a device running the Key Configuration Manager program remotely configures its device connection authentication key.
  • the key configuration management program can be configured on any device with human-computer interaction capabilities. For example, when a resource management device exists in the home network, the key configuration management program can be configured on the resource management device. When no resource exists in the home network When managing devices, the key configuration manager can be configured on devices with human-computer interaction capabilities.
  • the device authentication key configuration method is as follows: The key configuration management program sends authentication configuration information in a multicast mode. After receiving the message, each device judges that it is in the state of no key setting, then responds to the message and sends a secret. Key configuration requests. The configuration management program responds to these requests and sets the corresponding keys.
  • One method of implementation may be to set a default key when the device leaves the factory. When the key configuration management program performs key configuration, it needs to know the default key.
  • the method of the present invention supports dynamic networking and resource sharing of home backbone network devices within the scope of a home network, thereby improving interoperability and ease of use of home devices.
  • Any device in the home network that supports the backbone network protocol can publish its own resource information to the network, discover the resource information provided by other devices, and share resources between the devices according to the backbone network protocol.

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Description

一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及计算机网络与分布式计算技术领域, 更确切地说是涉及 一种在网络环境中, 用于支持网络设备间的互联互通, 包括动态组网进 而实现资源共享的方法。 发明背景
传统的网络技术为网络设备提供了基本的通讯和寻址方法, 如传输 控制协议 /网际协议(TCP/IP协议)族, 但尚缺乏一种与之相配套的、 可以实现设备间动态组网和资源共享的体系结构和方法。
本发明所涉及的设备动态组网包括三个含义: 一是无需对网络中设 备的网络参数进行更改; 二是可以动态地从网络中选择相关设备组成一 个节点, 节点可以用于实现单一设备无法完成的功能, 或提高这些单一 设备原功能的性能; 三是两个节点之间可以直接通信和资源共享以扩展 单一节点功能。
而本发明所涉及的资源共享是指在不增加网络设备的前提下, 网络 中的设备能够方便地发布自身所能提供的资源, 并能方便地检索并利用 其他设备所能提供的资源。
国际上有多个组织和公司为分布式计算技术提出了不少标准和方 法, 不同程度地实现了网络设备间的动态组网和资源共享。
UPNP 论坛提出过一套着眼于控制家电设备的网络体系结构, 基于 UPNP的网络设备可以动态地形成一个对等网络, 网络中的各个设备可以 动态地发布自身的资源和检索网络中其他设备的资源, 但 UPNP提供的 是作为控制点的一个设备控制另一个设备的方法, 不是实现多个设备间 动态组网与资源共享的方法。
C0RBA 是由国际对象管理集团提出的一种跨平台的分布式计算技 术 , 该技术要求网络中有一个专门的用以实现对象检索的中央服务器, 其应用模型比较适合于客户 /服务器(Cl ient/Server )模式, 不能很好 地支持多个设备间的动态组网与资源共享及协作。
微软公司提出的 DC0M分布式计算技术, 但其实施仅限于微软的系 统平台, 而且也只是提供了一个新的 CI ient/Server计算平台。
目前兴起的各种 Peer-to-Peer 技术, 着重考虑的是在因特网环境 条件下, 如何不依赖中央服务器实现资源共享, 其中典型的技术方案有 Freenet , Gnutel la, 和 Naps ter, 但它们所能实现的共享资源范围都太 小, 且大多局限于静态文件共享。
G r i d提出了一种在跨组织或跨公司的网络环境中实现资源共享的 技术, 但到目前为止, 该技术还仅是一种发展框架, 未能给出动态组网 与资源共享的具体实施方法。
综上所述, 目前存在的各种分布式计算技术, 虽然对于单个设备的 特定资源发布与检索已经给出了多种解决方案, 但都未能解决多个设备 间动态组网与实现各种资源共享与协作的问题。 发明内容
本发明的目的是设计一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的方法, 该方法能够实现网络中多个设备的动态组网与资源共享, 包括: 网络中 的设备无需对原有的网络参数进行更改, 就可动态地自由组合; 网络中 的每个设备, 既可发布自已的资源, 也可检索并利用其它设备的资源。
本发明的另一目的是设计一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法, 通过建 立家庭主干网的基本组成架构, 以便实现家庭网络设备的动态组网和资 源共享。
本发明的再一目的是设计一种在家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 使家庭环境中的各种孤立的设备(含有处理器和 存储单元) 能够动态互联在一起形成网络, 网络中的各种设备能够相互 访问和利用其它设备上的资源, 网络中还可随时加入新的设备, 从而提 高家庭设备间的互操作性和易用性。 为了实现本发明的目的, 本发明提供了一种实现设备间动态组网与 资源共享的方法, 其特征在于包括以下步骤:
A1.每个需要实现动态组网与资源共享的设备上安装一动态组网与 资源共享模块组, 包括: 网络传输层模块, 负责数据发送与接收; 设备 管理层模块, 建立设备间连接关系的控制与管理; 服务管理层模块, 实 现设备自身或节点的服务管理, 这些设备以组播方式定期地向网络传送 设备宣告消息;
B1. 由一个设备充当节点控制设备,并以组播方式宣告其存在消息, 创建节点;
C1. 设备通过侦听节点宣告消息发现节点, 要求加入节点的设备, 向节点的节点控制设备注册本设备所能提供的服务信息; 或者, 节点控 制设备对网络上其它设备进行配置, 使该等设备必须向节点控制设备注 册其上所能提供的服务信息, 加入该节点;
D1. 加入节点的设备通过向节点控制设备索引, 发现提供服务的设 备, 和通过发送服务调用信息从该设备上获取所需要的服务。
所述的节点包括公共节点和专用节点; 所有设备上的服务实体都缺 省属于同一个公共节点, 任何一个设备上的服务实体均可创建一个公共 节点外的专用节点。 本发明通过创建公共节点与专用节点, 对多个服务(设备)进行动 态组合, 以实现资源共享; 一个公共节点可以存在一个能够完成节点管 理的服务实体(设备), 如果存在该实体, 该公共节点的其余服务(设 备)均向此服务(设备)注册, 并接受该实体(设备) 的管理; 缺省属 于同一公共节点的所有服务实体(设备), 都可以创建一个公共节点外 的专用节点, 可以邀请或者配置其它服务实体(设备)加入到新创建的 专用节点中; 一个新的公共或专用节点创建后, 由其节点管理服务实体 负责向网络宣告其存在消息, 其它服务实体在收听到该公共或专用节点 宣告消息后, 就可以向公共或专用节点的管理服务实体(设备)提出加 入申请。 从而实现了网络中的每个设备, 既可发布自已资源, 也可检索 并利用其它设备资源的发明目的。
本发明的实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的方法, 进一步包括节点 间的通讯方法: 包括:
E1. 分别由源节点控制设备、 目标节点控制设备向网络发送各自节 点的节点宣告消息;
F1. 源节点控制设备、 目标节点控制设备分别通过发起请求和接收 请求的过程, 建立起两节点间的资源共享关系并交换资源信息;
G1. 源节点内的设备向其节点控制设备发起并经目标节点控制设备 转发调用目标节点内设备资源的请求;
HI. 由目标节点内设备向目标节点控制设备发回并经源节点控制设 备转发给源节点内设备的资源调用响应。
本发明通过两个节点间 (包括公共节点与公共节点间、 专用节点与 专用节点间和公共节点与专用节点间) 的通讯机制, 建立起资源共享关 系, 就可以相互交换节点资源信息, 两个节点中的设备就可以通过各自 的节点控制设备进行资源共享。 为了实现本发明的目的, 本发明还提供了一种家庭网络的主干网组 网方法, 其特征在于包括:
A2. 设置至少一个服务提供设备, 用于为家庭网络中的其它设备提 供服务;
B2. 设置至少一个服务使用设备, 用于使用家庭网络中其它设备所 提供的服务;
C2. 设置一个协议网关, 用于联络本家庭网络主干网与外部网络; D2. 服务提供设备、 服务使用设备和协议网关通过宽频带、 高速率 的家庭网络主干网协议连接成家庭网络主干网。
步骤 A2、 B2中的服务提供设备和服务使用设备可以是同一物理设 备。
所述的家庭网络主干网采用有线传输方式; 或采用无线传输方式; 或同时采用有线传输方式与无线传输方式。
将所述的一个服务提供设备或一个服务使用设备或协议网关指定为 家庭网络主干网的资源管理设备, 构成资源管理设备与其它设备间主 I 从连接方式的主干网拓朴结构, 由资源管理设备对其它设备进行集中控 制。
所述的集中控制包括:服务提供设备和 /或服务使用设备经在资源管 理设备上注册成功后加入家庭网络主干网, 和加入家庭网络主干网的服 务使用设备从资源管理设备上索引服务。
由所述的服务提供设备、 服务使用设备、 协议网关按对等连接方式 构成对等连接的主干网拓朴结构。
所述的对等连接, 是由希望连接的源设备向目标设备发出对等连接 创建请求, 和由目标设备向源设备发出对等连接创建响应完成的。
所述的目标设备和源设备可互为服务提供设备和服务使用设备。 所述的服务提供设备和服务使用设备是可互易的 , 一个家庭网络主 干网设备可同时是服务提供设备和服务使用设备。
本发明的建立家庭网络主干网的方法, 在对家庭主干网以及其成员 描述的^出上, 利用所提供的家庭主干网基本模型一主从连接方式及对 等连接方式, 可实现动态组网和达到资源共享。 为了实现本发明的目的, 本发明还提供了一种家庭主干网中实现设 备间动态组网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于包括以下步骤:
A3. 将家庭主干网设备连接在局域网或无线局域网上;
B3. 设备以组播方式通过发布宣告消息宣告本设备信息;
C3. 设备通过侦听或查找方式获得其它设备的存在消息;
D3. 服务使用设备或服务提供设备通过在一个资源管理设备上注 册, 与资源管理设备一起构成一个家庭网络; 或一个以上的服务使用设 备或服务提供设备通过对等连接方式构成一个家庭网络;
E 3. 加入家庭网络的服务使用设备通过向资源管理设备发起服务查 找请求, 获取家庭网络内服务提供设备的服务信息, 服务使用设备通过 向服务提供设备发起服务租用请求和服务调用请求, 获取使用服务的权 利和使用服务提供设备所提供的服务; 或者服务使用设备通过向与之建 立有对等连接关系的服务提供设备发起服务查找请求、 服务租用请求和 服务调用请求, 获取该服务提供设备的服务信息、 使用服务的权利和使 用服务提供设备所提供的服务。
所述的步骤 A3 , 所述的家庭主干网设备包括信息类设备、 通讯类 设备和娱乐类设备, 设备及其服务信息按主干网协议对设备及其服务描 述规范进行封装并发布。
所述的主干网协议, 其主干网协议栈包括用于设备、 服务间数据交 互的传输管理层, 用于实现家庭网络中设备间互联互通、 资源共享的中 间协议层, 和为上层应用程序提供 API访问接口的应用支持层。
所述的步骤 B3,设备是定期地以组播方式宣告本设备信息的; 所发 布的宣告消息中至少包括设备描述、 设备的网络寻址标识和设备所带的 服务信息。
所述的步骤 C3,所述的侦听方式是设备通过侦听其它设备的设备宣 告消息, 获取其它设备的存在信息; 所述的查找方式是设备通过组播方 式发送查找设备消息, 收到组播查找消息的设备, 在自身条件符合查找 消息中的查找条件时, 以单播方式返回自身的设备宣告信息。
所述的步骤 D3 , 在服务使用或服务提供设备上指定了资源管理设 备时, 服务使用或服务提供设备向网络中存在的该资源管理设备发起注 册过程。
所述的步骤 D3 , 所述的服务使用或服务提供设备在同一时间内只 在一个资源管理设备上进行注册。
所述的步骤 D3还包括, 在资源管理设备上注册成功的服务提供设 备, 将自身的服务注册到资源管理设备上; 资源管理设备维持在其上注 册的所有设备及其服务信息。
所述的步骤 D3 , —个以上的设备通过对等连接方式构成一个家庭 主干网络, 进一步包括: 一个设备通过侦听其它设备的组播宣告消息获 取其它设备的存在消息; 一个设备向其它设备发起对等连接创建请求, 以请求其它设备上的服务。
所述步骤 D3, 进一步设置有安全机制的建立过程, 包括:
D31. 由资源管理设备向加入家庭网络的设备发出认证信息, 其认 证密钥由密钥配置管理程序负责配置, 认证通过则注册成功;
D32. 在两个对等连接的设备间进行连接认证, 连接认证密钥由密 钥配置管理程序发放, 并维持在两个对等连接的设备本地。
本发明方法, 可随心所欲地让家庭中的电器设备动态组网形成一个 整体, 使各种设备能协同为家庭用户提供***、 完整的服务, 所具有的 开放性特点, 充分考虑了未来的发展和对现有技术及设备的支持。
本发明的方法同时支持有线网络和无线网络环境。 附图简要说明
图 1是将各种物理网络设备在本发明中从功能角度抽象为一个逻辑 设备的设备逻辑模型结构示意图;
图 2是本发明公共节点的构成示意图;
图 3是本发明的节点 (公共或专用)生成过程示意图;
图 4是本发明节点间通讯过程示意图;
图 5是利用本发明的节点生成机制用于会议室时的结构示意图; 图 6是按本发明方法构建的一个家庭网络实施例结构示意图; 图 7 是家庭网络主 /从连接方式的主干网拓朴结构及资源共享示意 图;
图 8 是家庭网络对等连接方式的主干网拓朴结构及资源共享示意 图;
图 9是家庭网络主干网所利用的设备协议栈分层结构示意图; 图 10是图 9中的传输管理层结构示意图;
图 11是图 9中的中间协议层结构示意图;
图 12 是家庭网络体系主干网中设备动态组网与资源共享的实现流 程图。 实施本发明的方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述。
本发明的方法不需要在网络原有设备基础上增加任何新的设备, 只 需要在希望具备动态组网和资源共享功能的设备上安装额外的软件, 由 该软件实现本发明在有限范围网络环境下的动态组网与资源共享: 一个 设备可以智能地与其它设备建立底层通讯链路; 向其它设备宣告自身相 关的信息; 发现网络中其它具有该软件的设备, 动态地与它们按需要智 能地形成一个节点 (多个服务的组合), 从而支持分布在多个设备上的 服务共享与集成, 该服务由具有一定功能的资源实体提供, 包括软件或 硬件或软件与硬件的协作, 如打印机通过打印驱动程序由打印机物理设 备自身提供打印服务。
参见图 1, 是实施本发明方法中各种物理网络设备从功能角度抽象 为一个逻辑设备的模型结构, 由上而下包括服务管理层 11、设备管理层 12和网络传输层 13。 其中, 网络传输层 13负责数据的发送与接收; 设 备管理层 12 实现对设备间连接关系建立的控制与管理, 如实现设备间 的身份认证等; 服务管理层 11 实现设备本身或设备节点的服务管理, 如对服务调用安全性的检查等。
实施本发明的方法需要在网络中形成由多个设备构成的节点, 在该 节点中需要有一个设备实现节点管理功能, 这个实现节点管理功能的设 备就是节点控制设备, 也即一个节点由一个节点控制设备和可能的多个 设备构成。 节点控制设备上必须存在一个能够完成节点管理功能的服务 实体, 实施本发明方法的每个设备上, 都可以存在能够完成该节点管理 功能的服务实体, 但在一个节点内部, 同一时刻只有一个设备上的节点 管理服务实体处于活动状态。
节点控制设备可以由用户指定也可以动态产生。 本发明的节点可包括公共节点和专用节点两种节点类型, 同一广播 域中所有的服务实体都缺省属于同一个公共节点, 而任何一个服务实体 均可创建一个公共节点外的专用节点。
参见图 2, 是实施本发明方法的节点构成示意图, 设备 1、 设备 2、 设备 3和设备 4连接在局域网或无线局域网 (LAN/WLAN )上, 椭圆内的 设备 1、 设备 2和设备 3构成了一个节点 1。 设备 1上存在一个管理节 点 1的服务实体 NMS1 ( Node Manager Service ), 形成节点 1控制设备, 设备 2和设备 3分别为服务器 (Service)l和服务器 (Service)2。 设备 4上 存在一个管理节点 1的服务实体 NMS2 , 形成节点 1控制设备。
参见图 3, 图中, 设备 1、 设备 2、 设备 3和设备 4连接在局域网或 无线局域网 ( LAN/WLAN )上, 其中 GNMS ( Globa l Node Manage Service ) 为设备 1上的一个实现公共节点管理的服务实体, SNMS (Specif i c Node Manage Service)为设备 2 上一个实现专用节点管理的服务实体, Service 1是设备 3上的一个服务, Service 2是设备 4上的一个服务。
图中各个步骤含义如下:
步骤 1 ,设备 1创建公共节点, 并向网络 LAN/WLAN宣告其公共节点 消息;
步骤 2、 步骤 3和步骤 4, 分别为设备 2、 设备 3和设备 4将自身加 入公共节点;
步骤 5, 设备 2创建一个新的专用节点, 并向网络宣告相关专用节 点消息;
步骤 6 , 设备 2向公共节点查询网络中存在的服务信息;
步骤 7, 设备 1向设备 2返回相关服务信息;
步驟 8, 设备 2邀请 Service 1所在的设备 3加入专用节点; 步骤 9, 设备 3加入专用节点; 步骤 10, 设备 2邀请 Service 2所在的设备 4加入专用节点; 步骤 11, 设备 4加入专用节点;
步骤 12, 设备 2向 Service 1发送服务调用信息;
步骤 13 , 设备 2向 Service 2发送服务调用信息。
图 3中示出一个节点的生成过程, 包括公共节点或专用节点(一个 完整的节点生成和解散过程应包括: 设备宣告, 节点创建, 节点扩充, 节点销毁, 公共节点管理和设备选举等步骤)。 需要说明的是, 在动态 组网中并不要求公共节点与专用节点并存, 只要创建了公共节点或专用 节点, 都可实现设备动态组网与资源共享。
在上述步骤中 , 处于同一个广播域的所有设备都缺省属于同一个公 共节点。 任何设备在其自身能力允许的条件下, 都可以充当公共节点的 节点控制设备, 但同一时刻, 同一广播域中只允许存在一个公共节点控 制设备, 如设备 1。 公共节点的生存周期是在网络中不存在控制设备的 时候自动消失。
如果设备所处的广播域中存在公共节点, 则该设备应加入该公共节 点。 设备加入公共节点时, 应向该公共节点的控制设备注册本设备的服 务信息。 由公共节点控制设备管理节点内所有设备上的服务, 公共节点 对各设备服务的管理仅仅起服务索引作用。
网络中的任何一个设备均可创建一个公共节点外的专用节点 , 如设 备 2, 该设备可以邀请其他设备加入到新创建的专用节点中。 除了公共 节点的控制设备外, 一个设备在同一时刻只能在一个节点中处于活动状 态。 专用节点的生存周期则由创建该专用节点的节点控制设备维护。
节点的生命周期由节点的控制设备控制, 如设备 1控制公共节点的 生命周期, 设备 2控制专用节点的生命周期, 当控制设备决定销毁先前 创建的节点时, 应向节点中的各个设备发送节点退出通知。 一个设备退 出所参与的节点时, 应在公共节点的控制设备上注销所有本设备的服务 信息。
一个新的节点(包括公共和专用节点)创建后, 由该节点的节点控 制设备, 即图中的设备 1、 设备 2负责向网络宣告该节点的存在信息, 节点宣告消息以组播形式发送。 节点宣告消息至少包括节点控制设备的 网络寻址标识、 节点的节点类型、 节点的节点标识符及其它相关的属性 信息。 其他设备收听到该节点宣告信息后, 就可以向该节点的节点控制 设备, 如设备 1、 设备 2提出加入申请。 或者节点控制设备对网络上的 其它设备进行配置, 使这些设备必须向节点控制设备注册其上所能提供 的服务信息, 以加入该节点。
网络中的所有设备以组播方式进行设备信息宣告, 它们定期地向网 络多播传送设备宣告消息, 在消息中指明设备的网络寻址标识、 设备描 述信息、和设备上的服务信息,供其它设备据此获取该设备的相关信息。
节点控制设备定期地向网络宣告自身的存在消息, 节点宣告消息至 少包括节点控制设备的网络寻址标识、 节点的节点类型、 节点的节点标 识符及其它相关的属性信息。 节点宣告消息以组播形式发送。
网络中的任何设备都可以通过主动或被动的方式来查找网络中存 在的节点。 其中的主动方式是设备以组播形式或多播形式向网络发送节 点查找消息。 符合查找条件的节点控制设备则以单播形式向该查找设备 发送节点宣告消息; 被动方式是设备侦听指定的组播地址和多播地址, 以获取处于同一广播域或处于不同广播域中的节点的消息。
一个设备发现网络中存在有节点消息时, 可以向该节点的控制设备 发起节点加入请求, 由节点控制设备决定是否允许该设备加入节点, 即 实现节点扩充。
节点控制设备也可以通过侦听网络上的设备宣告消息以获取当前 网络上的设备信息, 节点控制设备可以向设备发起节点加入邀请, 由设 备决定是否加入该节点。
参见图 4, 图中示出节点间的通讯机制。 设备 1、 设备 2、 设备 3和 设备 4连接在局域网或宽带局域网 (LAN/WLAN)上, 其中 NMS 1 (Node Manage Service)为设备 2上的一个实现公共或专用节点 1管理的服务 实体, NMS 2 (Node Manage Service)为设备 3上一个实现公共或专用节 点 1管理的服务实体, Service 1是节点 1 中设备 1 上的一个服务, Service 2是节点 2中设备 4上的一个服务。 NMS 1与 NMS 2实现节点 间通讯机制的步骤如下:
步骤 1, 设备 2向网络中发送节点 1的节点宣告消息;
步骤 2, 设备 3向网络中发送节点 1的节点宣告消息;
步骤 3, 节点 1向节点 2发起资源共享请求;
步骤 4, 节点 2接受节点 1资源共享请求, 节点 1和节点 2间建立 节点间资源共享关系;
步骤 5, 节点 1与节点 2交换节点资源信息;
步骤 6, 节点 1中设备 1上的 Service 1向节点 1 控制设备发起到 节点 2中设备 4 上 Service 2的调用请求;
步骤 7, 节点 1 控制设备转发调用请求给节点 1 控制设备; 步骤 8, 节点 2 控制设备转发调用请求给设备 4;
步骤 9, 设备 4的 Service 2将调用响应发回给节点 2 控制设备; 步骤 10, 节点 2 控制设备转发调用响应给节点 1 控制设备; 步骤 11, 节点 1 控制设备转发调用响应给设备 1。
上述步骤中, 两个不同公共或专用节点间的通讯机制通过各自的节 点控制设备实现。 两个节点的控制设备可以通过对方的节点宣告消息发 现对方。 一个节点的控制设备(称为源节点控制设备)可以向另一个节 点的控制设备 (称为目标节点控制设备 )发起资源共享请求。 目标节点 控制设备根据自身的安全策略, 作出允许或拒绝源节点的节点资源共享 请求。 两个节点建立起资源共享关系后, 可以相互交换节点资源信息。 两个节点中的设备可以通过各自的节点控制设备进行资源共享。 其中的 调用响应包括服务调用信息和服务之间的协同控制信息。
参见图 5 , 图中示意出将本发明方法应用于会议室环境中, 组成的 智能会议室网络结构。 图中, 51为提供无线接入的 AP设备, 52为网络 打印机, 57为 PC设备, AP设备 51、 网络打印机 52及 PC设备 57通过 以太网 58连接; 参会笔记本 1 ( 53 )、 参会笔记本 2 ( 54 )、 …参会笔记 本 N ( 55 ), 无线投影仪 56及 PDA、 手机等(图中未示出)作为移动设 备, 并通过无线局域网 59与 AP设备 51连接。
图中所示的会议室环境中, 提供了无线接入的 AP设备 51、 网络打 印机 52和 PC设备 57 , 无线投影仪 56为会议室常驻设备。 就 AP设备 51、 网络打印机 52和无线投影仪 56的功能和性能来说, 均不足以充当 公共节点控制设备。 当多个(如 N个, N为正整数)参会笔记本进入会 议室环境后, 由会议管理员从 PC设备 57和 N个参会笔记本中指定一个 设备作为公共节点控制设备。
网络打印机 52和无线投影仪 56通过侦听公共节点宣告消息可以将 自身的服务注册到该公共节点控制设备上。
公共节点形成后, 所有参会笔记本无需事先安装打印机驱动程序, 也无需直接连接到无线投影仪上, 在公共节点控制设备控制下, 即可实 现对网络打印机 52和无线投影仪 56的有序控制。 各个参会笔记本, 还 可通过创建专用节点, 使用无线投影仪 56和 /或网络打印机 52, 不会发 生冲突。
随着人们物质生活水平的提高,家庭范围内的信息设备、通讯设备、 娱乐设备、 家用电器、 自动化设备、 保安(监控)装置等设备逐渐增多, 同时因为个人计算机和因特网在家庭中的迅速普及、 电讯技术的蓬勃发 展以及智能设备的长足进步, 家庭网络日益受到广泛关注, 人们对于简 单、 灵活与可靠的家庭网络的需求也愈显强烈。 当前, 就有许多与之相 关的技术表述, 例如, 智能家居(Smart Home )、 电子家庭( Electronic Home, e- Home )、数字家园(Digi tal Fami ly ) ,网络家居(Network Home ) , 智能化家庭(Intel l igent Home )等。 这些技术表述所涵盖的内容及概 念是基本相同的, 都是源于家庭网络。 因此家庭网络技术是实现家庭设 备数字化的关键性技术。 利用本发明的方法, 就可以将家庭中的所有电 器设备动态连接成整体, 实现随时随地的设备互联和信息传递。
具体的讲家庭网络(Home network )应包括四层含义:
1. 家庭中的信息设备、 通讯设备、 娱乐设备、 家用电器、 自动化 设备、 保安(监控)装置等能互联互通、 动态组网实现资源共享, 组成 家庭智能化网络***;
2. 家庭网络通过网关与社区、 互联网连接, 实现与家庭外部环境 的信息交换;
3. 家庭的设备及其连接的网络应该满足人们安全、 方便、 舒适、 健康与绿色环保的基本需求, 让人们能体验到身心享受与愉快;
4. 体现以人为本的理念, 易于使用、 安全可靠、 方便维护、 价格 适宜, 满足居家生活的特点。
家庭网络的需求完全不同于商业网络, 数字家庭的网络体系拓朴结 构, 主要包括主干网和控制子网两个层次。 主干网实现信息设备、 通讯 设备、 娱乐设备(一般是计算能力和存储能力都比较强的设备)等的互 联, 控制子网通过控制网关将冰箱、 洗衣机、 空调等家电设备连接到主 干网上。 为了实现一些无线移动设备的互连, 让用户能充分享受随时随 地的信息访问, 家庭主干网还支持无线传输和接入方式, 因此在组网形 态上家庭网络主干网应包含有线和无线两部分。 此外, 外部的因特网还 可通过门户网关与家庭网络主干网连接, 实现宽带接入。
参见图 6 , 虛线框内示意出按照本发明的建网方法建立的家庭网络 (包括主干网和控制子网) 实施例结构, 用以太网实现。 主干网有两种 传输方式: 有线和无线。 对家庭主干网的要求主要是高速率的传输、 高 服务质量的保证、 动态组网以及有效的资源共享。 让家庭内的众多纷繁 复杂的电器设备能有机互联与协同工作, 有效地实现设备间动态组网与 资源共享。
图中, 61为家庭网关设备(包括门户网关和控制网关), 62为电灯 装置, 63为电视装置, 64为音响装置, 65为 PC设备, 66为提供无线 接入的 AP设备, 通过无线局域网 67连接移动设备 68 (包括 PDA, 笔记 本等)。 其中的家庭网关 61具有低功耗, 不断电的性能, 此外还应具有 多种网络接口,如接口 1为外部因特网接口,连接因特网;接口 2为 RS232 接口, 连接电灯 52、 电视 53及音响 54等; 接口 3为以太网接口, 连接 PC机 65、 AP机 66等。 可以人为指定家庭网关 61为该网络中的公共节 点控制设备。
主干网中的 AP设备 66是提供无线接入的设备, 移动设备 68通过 无线局域网 67 与主千网连接。 主干网上的节点控制设备(也称资源管 理设备)应该是 PC这样的信息设备, 在它上面可以运行各种各样的服 务。 家庭网关 61 在这里具有协议网关的功能, 通过协议网关, 主干网 可以同因特网 1和控制子网 2中的设备如电视、 音响和电灯等交互。 除 此之外, 家庭网关 61 也可以起到资源管理设备的作用, 主干网上的所 有设备都在其上注册, 并由家庭网关 61 负责索引主干网上的所有设备 及其服务。 家庭中的网络设备, 如 PC设备 65、 移动设备 68进入以太网 后即可通过侦听公共节点消息发现以家庭网关 61 为控制设备的公共节 点。
家庭中的传统家用电器设备, 如电灯 62、 电视 63、 音响 64等可以 通过标准的家庭网络协议, 如 CEBus等, 通过各种家庭网络标准接口, 如 RS232接口接到家庭网关 61上。 家庭网关 61上通过运行一个 CEBus 网络代理服务实体实现对 CEBus网络服务的发布和控制。
PC机 65或移动设备 68加入公共节点后,即可通过公共节点控制设 备-家庭网关 61提供的节点服务、 检索服务, 发现家庭网络中的各个设 备, 获得由这些设备所提供的服务; 还可在公共节点控制设备的管理下 通过创建专用节点, 进而对各个设备实施控制, 如可用 PC机 65、 移动 设备 68的 PDA控制电视 63、 音响 64等。
同理, 采用本发明的节点生成机制, 本家庭外的设备也可通过因特 网、 家庭网关 61 提供的网络接入服务, 接入到本家庭网络中, 进而加 入本家庭网络节点中, 实现对家庭电器的远程控制。 下面结合实施例进一步说明利用本发明的方法, 实现家庭网络主干 网 (公共节点) 的组网方法。 家庭网络主干网构筑了家庭的信息 /多媒 体网络, 实现信息设备、 通讯设备、 娱乐设备等的动态组网互联。 家庭 网络主干网中传输的数据主要包括文字、 图片、 音频、 视频等信息。
以下内容中, 所涉及到的家庭主干网成员, 包括信息设备、 通讯设 备和娱乐设备等, 通过协议网关的方式, 还可以和因特网以及一些家用 电器设备, 如冰箱、 洗衣机、 电视机、 音响等进行交互, 因此这些设备 是提供服务和获得服务的载体, 每一个支持本主干网协议的设备都存在 一个全球唯一的识别码, 称为设备标识。 所涉及到的协议网关, 提供对 不同协议进行转换的服务。 所涉及到的资源管理设备(即公共节点控制 设备)是指能够提供网络中的设备进行注册和服务索引功能的设备。 所 涉及到的服务提供设备, 是指为网络中的其它设备提供服务的设备。 所 涉及到的服务, 是指运行在设备上的满足主干网协议所定义的标准接口 的功能实体, 每个服务具有一个标识号码, 称为服务标识, 该标识号码 可以是 32位无符号整型数, 服务标识由提供其服务的设备分配。 所涉 及到的服务提供设备, 是指为网络中的其它设备提供服务的设备。 所涉 及到的服务使用设备是指使用网络中其它设备所提供的服务的设备。 所 涉及到的单播方式是指由一个发送设备给一个指定的接收设备发送信 息。 所涉及到的组播方式是指由一个发送设备给一组指定的接收设备发 送信息。 在实际的家庭网络中, 一个设备可以作为服务提供设备向其它 设备提供服务, 同时也可作为服务使用设备使用其它设备所提供的服 务。
参见图 7, 图中示出按主 /从方式建立的家庭网络主干网拓朴结构。 在网络中, 存在一个集中控制设备, 即资源管理设备 71 , 网络中其它设 备包括以无线方式接入主干网的服务提供设备 72 和 /或服务使用设备
75。 服务提供设备 72、 74和 /或服务使用设备 73、 75 , 在加入家庭网络 主干网时, 都要在该资源管理设备 71 上注册并获得成功, 加入家庭网 络主干网的其它设备的活动都由该集中控制设备控制, 即从该资源管理 设备上索引服务功能。 协议网关 76 实现本家庭网络主干网与其它网络 77如外部因特网间的联络。
一个家庭主干网设备既可以是服务提供设备, 也可以是服务使用设 备; 资源管理设备除了充当资源管理的任务外, 也同时可以作为服务提 供或服务使用设备。
家庭主干网通常用有线以太网实现; 或用无线以太网实现; 或用有 线、 无线以太网混合实现, 特点是频带宽、 速率高。
参见图 8, 图中示出按对等方式建立的家庭网络主干网拓朴结构。 及通过有线方式接入主干网的服务提供设备 84和 /或服务使用设备 85。 协议网关 86实现本家庭网络主干网与其它网络 87如外部因特网间的联 络。
与图 7 所示主 /从结构方式的不同之处是: 在网络中, 不存在集中 控制设备, 即没有资源管理设备。 在对等方式下, 网络中的服务提供与 服务使用设备及协议网关之间的关系都是对等的。 在对等网络中, 一个 设备可以同时是服务提供设备和服务使用设备。
其对等连接的建立过程是: 由源设备向目标设备发出创建对等连接 请求, 由目标设备向源设备发出创建对等连接呼应而实现的。 源设备、 目标设备可互为服务使用设备、 服务提供设备。
本发明的组建家庭网络主干网的方法, 可建立起家庭网络主干网的 基本架构, 并在其基础上, 能灵活且方便地实现家庭网络各设备之间的 动态组网, 进而实现资源共享。 下面结合实施例及附图进一步说明利用本发明的方法, 在家庭主干 网中实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的方法。 在家庭主干网中支持各种 设备间的动态组网, 是指家庭主干网络中的设备无需事先通过手工方式 进行网络参数配置 , 就可以动态地从网络中选择相关设备组成一个家庭 网络, 用于实现任一个单一设备无法完成的功能, 或提高任一单一设备 原功能的性能; 资源共享是指家庭主干网络中的设备能够发布自身所提 供的资源, 同时也可以方便地检索并利用其它设备所提供的资源, 任意 两个设备间通过直接通信和资源共享扩展单一设备的功能。 已有的 TCP/IP协议为网络设备提供了基本的通讯和寻址方法, 在 家庭主干网中, 基于家庭联网的具体需求, 为了更好地在家庭范围内实 现动态组网和资源共享, 本发明基于 TCP/IP协议设计家庭主干网协议, 在家庭主干网中, 实现设备间动态组网与资源共享, 包括设备发现、 服 务发现、 设备注册、 设备连接、 服务注册、 服务访问、 服务调用等过程, 按相应的子协议执行。
设备生产厂家和服务提供者提供设备及服务的相关信息。 这些设备 以及服务信息是按照主干网协议封装的。 经过封装后的信息通过设备发 现过程与服务发现过程在网络中进行发布。 多个设备之间通过设备注 册、 服务注册以及设备连接过程动态生成一个家庭主干网络。 该家庭主 干网络中可以具有一个起中心索引作用和服务访问授权的家庭资源管 理设备(主 /从连接方式) , 也可以不具备家庭资源管理设备(对等连 接方式) , 此时网络上的各个设备完全对等连接。 设备上的服务通过服 务调用过程进行资源的共享。
参见图 9 , 图中示出本发明方法所利用的主干网协议栈结构, 本协 议栈在逻辑上分为 3层, 由上而下为应用支持层、 中间协议层和传输管 理层。
其中的传输管理层,是中间协议层进行数据交互的基础,用于设备、 服务间的数据交互。 其数据交互都基于 TCP/IP协议之上。 传输管理层 基于 TCP/IP及 HTTP协议,其结构如图 10中所示,由上而下为 HTTP( HTTP, HTTP而、 HTTPU )协议、 安全传输协议、 TCP ( UDP )和 IP。 在基于 TCP 传输时, 由安全传输协议负责设备间传输通道的安全。
中间协议层, 用于网络设备间实现互联互通、 资源共享。 由若干个 子协议组成, 包括设备发现协议、 设备注册协议、 设备连接协议、 服务 注册协议、 服务发现协议、 服务租用协议、 服务授权协议、 服务调用协 议及设备认证和安全传输协议。 中间协议层的各子协议间的逻辑关系如 图 11所示, 位于上层的并由上而下的是服务发现协议、 服务注册协议; 服务租用协议、 服务调用协议; 服务授权协议, 位于下层并由上而下的 是设备发现协议、 设备连接协议; 和设备注册协议。
设备发现协议、 设备注册协议和设备连接协议是中间协议层其它子 协议的执行基础。在它们执行的 出上, 可以通过服务注册、服务发现、 服务租用、 服务调用和服务授权等协议对服务进行操作。
应用支持层, 为上层应用程序提供软件 API访问接口。 在中间协议 层提供了互联互通和资源共享的核心协议基础上, 应用支持层协议为具 体的应用开发提供相应的软件接口。另外,设计统一的应用支持层协议, 可保证不同厂商同类设备之间能进行相互操作。
家庭主干网上的设备通过局域网 (LAN )或无线局域网 (WLAN )连 接。 实现动态组网与资源共享的首要步骤是设备发现。 支持本发明方法 的每个设备, 定期地以组播的形式向网络宣告本设备的相关信息, 在宣 告消息中包含设备描述信息, 设备的网络寻址标识, 设备所带的服务信 息。 设备可以通过侦听其它设备的设备宣告消息的方式来获取其它设备 的存在信息; 也可以通过组播方式发送查找设备请求信息, 该查找设备 请求信息中应包含查找条件, 收到组播查找请求信息的设备, 如果符合 设备查找请求中的查找条件, 则应以单播的方式返回自身的设备宣告信 当存在家庭资源管理设备(通常人为指定)时, 由一个家庭资源管 理设备及在其上注册的设备构成一个家庭主干网络。 该家庭主干网络生 成的过程是:
如果在服务使用或服务提供设备中已经指定了资源管理设备, 而在 网络中存在有该资源管理设备时, 该等服务使用或服务提供设备, 应向 该资源管理设备发起设备注册过程;
如果在服务使用或服务提供设备中没有指定资源管理设备, 当网络 中存在资源管理设备时, 这些服务使用或服务提供设备应向该资源管理 设备发起设备注册过程。 如果网络中同时存在两个或两个以上的资源管 备作为构建家庭网络的资源管理设备。
服务使用或服务提供设备在一个时间内, 只能在一个资源管理设备 上进行注册。
当服务提供设备在资源管理设备上注册成功后 , 应将自身的服务注 册到资源管理设备上。 资源管理设备应该维持所有在其上注册的设备信 息及相关的服务信息。 服务使用设备或服务提供设备通过向资源管理设 备发出设备注销请求, 就可随时退出家庭网络, 此时资源管理设备将删 除其上这些设备的注册信息及注册的服务信息。
当不存在家庭资源管理设备时, 由所有的家庭设备以对等连接的方 式进行通信、 动态组网和资源共享, 构成一个家庭主干网络。 该家庭主 干网络生成的过程是:
一个家庭设备可以通过侦听其它设备的组播宣告消息获取其它设 备的信息, 进而可以向其它设备发起对等连接创建请求, 以便对其它设 备上的服务进行相应的请求。 服务使用设备或服务提供设备可意外退出 家庭网络, 如掉电时, 也可由服务使用设备向服务提供设备发出解除连 接关系请求宣告, 退出家庭网络。
完成动态组网后的家庭网络, 实现资源共享的过程是:
对于存在有家庭资源管理设备的家庭网络, 加入到一个家庭网络中 的一个服务使用设备, 通过向家庭网络的资源管理设备发起服务查找请 求, 可以获取家庭网络内其他设备的服务信息; 通过向提供相应服务的 服务提供设备发起服务租用请求, 可以获取使用服务的权利; 通过向相 应的服务提供设备上提供的服务发起服务调用请求, 可以使用该服务。
对于不存在有家庭资源管理设备的家庭网络, 当一个服务使用设备 和一个服务提供设备建立起对等连接关系后, 服务使用设备通过向服务 提供设备发起服务查找请求, 可以获取服务提供设备的服务信息; 通过 向服务提供设备发起服务租用请求, 可以获取使用服务的权利; 通过向 服务提供设备发起服务调用请求, 可以使用服务提供设备所提供的服 务。
参见图 12, 图中示出一个家庭主干网动态组网的全过程, 包括设备 宣告、 设备注册、 服务注册、 服务查找、 服务租用、 服务调用和设备注 销。
图中, 设备 1、 设备 2、 设备 3和设备 连接在局域网或无线局域 网 (LAN/WLAN )上, 假设: 设备 1是家庭网络的资源管理设备; 设备 2 是服务使用设备; 设备 3和设备 4是服务提供设备, 设备 1、 2、 3、 4 上都有自己的服务实体。
图中各个步骤的含义如下:
步骤 1, 资源管理设备 1对外发出设备宣告消息;
步骤 2、 3和 4, 作为服务使用或服务提供设备的设备 2、 设备 3和 设备 4 , 根据资源管理设备 1的宣告消息, 进行设备注册, 经过设备注 册后的设备 2、 3、 4将它们已经过本地注册的服务实体再注册在资源管 理设备 1上;
步骤 5 , 设备 2上的服务向资源管理设备 1查询 (查找) 网络中存 在的其它服务信息;
步骤 6 , 资源管理设备 1向设备 2上的发起查找的服务返回相关的 其它服务信息; 步骤 7, 设备 2上的服务向设备 3上的服务发起租用请求信息; 步骤 8, 设备 3上的服务向设备 2上的发起租用请求的服务返回租 用响应信息;
步骤 9 , 设备 2上的服务向设备 3上获得租用成功的服务发调用信 白 - 步骤 10, 设备 4向资源管理设备 1发出设备注销, 退出网络。 在实现本发明方法中, 必须建立家庭网络中设备之间交互的安全机 制, 包括存在家庭资源管理设备时安全机制的建立和不存在家庭资源管 理设备时安全机制的建立两方面。
在存在家庭网络资源管理设备时, 如有设备想加入该家庭网络, 就 必须向资源管理设备注册。 注册时资源管理设备向该设备发起认证, 认 证通过则该设备注册成功。 认证密钥由专门的密钥配置管理程序负责, 该程序可以设在资源管理设备上, 也可以设在其它任何有人机交互能力 的设备上。 密钥配置管理程序不仅负责设备与资源管理设备之间的认证 密钥的配置, 同时也负责配置设备之间的连接认证密钥。 设备间连接安 全基于私钥, 也就是说设备间的连接认证密钥是由具体的两个设备之间 协商的。 设备间的连接认证密钥的另一用途是以该密钥为基础, 建立两 设备之间的传输密钥, 以便进行安全传输。
不存在家庭网络资源管理设备时, 如有设备想加入该家庭网络, 其 安全机制与存在家庭资源管理设备时的情况类似, 只是设备与资源管理 设备之间的认证过程变为设备之间的连接认证过程, 设备间的连接认证 密钥由密钥配置管理程序发放, 并维持在设备本地。
密钥配置由专门的密钥配置管理程序负责, 配置是用户手动进行 的。 密钥配置管理程序需要有人机交互的支持, 如果设备无法提供人机 交互界面那么该配置程序就无法运行, 此时这个设备只能借助于其它能 运行密钥配置管理程序的设备来异地配置它的设备连接认证密钥。 密钥 配置管理程序可以配置在任一有人机交互能力的设备上, 如当家庭网络 中存在有资源管理设备时, 密钥配置管理程序可以配置在资源管理设备 上, 当家庭网络中不存在有资源管理设备时, 密钥配置管理程序可以配 置在有人机交互能力的设备上。
其设备认证密钥配置方法是: 由密钥配置管理程序以组播方式发出 认证配置信息, 各设备接到该消息后, 如果判断自己处于未设定密钥状 态, 则响应该消息, 发出密钥配置请求, 由配置管理程序对这些请求进 行响应, 设置相应密钥。 实施时的一种做法可以是在设备出厂时, 设置 缺省密钥,密钥配置管理程序在进行密钥配置时,则需要知道缺省密钥。
本发明的方法, 在家庭网络范围内支持家庭主干网设备动态组网与 资源共享, 从而提高了家庭设备的互操作性和易用性。 家庭网络中的任 一个支持主干网协议的设备可以向网络发布自身的资源信息, 发现其它 设备所提供的资源信息, 设备之间按照主干网协议进行资源共享。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于包括 以下步骤:
A1.每个需要实现动态组网与资源共享的设备上安装一动态组网与 资源共享模块组, 包括: 网络传输层模块, 负责数据发送与接收; 设备 管理层模块, 建立设备间连接关系的控制与管理; 服务管理层模块, 实 现设备自身或节点的服务管理, 这些设备以组播方式定期地向网络传送 设备宣告消息;
B1. 由一个设备充当节点控制设备,并以组播方式宣告其存在消息, 创建节点;
C1. 设备通过侦听节点宣告消息发现节点, 要求加入节点的设备, 向节点的节点控制设备注册本设备所能提供的服务信息; 或者节点控制 设备对网络上其它设备进行配置, 使该等设备必须向节点控制设备注册 其上所能提供的服务信息, 加入该节点;
D1. 加入节点的设备通过向节点控制设备索引, 发现提供服务的设 备, 和通过发送服务调用信息从该设备上获取所需要的服务。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的 方法, 其特征在于: 所述的节点包括公共节点和专用节点; 所有设备上 的服务实体都缺省属于同一个公共节点, 任何一个设备上的服务实体均 可创建一个公共节点外的专用节点。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的 方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 A1 中, 设备以组播方式定期地向网络传 送设备宣告消息, 至少包括设备网络寻址标识、 设备描述信息和设备上 的服务信息。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的 方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 B1 中, 充当节点控制设备的设备可以人 为指定或动态产生。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的 方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 B1 中节点控制设备的宣告消息, 至少包 括节点控制设备的网络寻址标识、 节点的节点类型、 节点的节点标识符 及其它相关的属性信息。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的 方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 B1 中, 网络中节点的生存周期同节点控 制设备的创建与消失; 节点控制设备在销毁所创建的节点时, 向节点中 的所有设备发送节点退出通知。
7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的 方法, 其特征在于所述的步骤 C1 还包括: 退出节点的设备, 向节点的 节点控制设备注销本设备所能提供的服务信息。
8. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的 方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 D1 中的索引, 由设备通过主动方式查找 网络中存在的节点进行; 所述的主动方式是由设备以组播方式向网络发 送节点查找消息, 由节点的节点控制设备以单播方式向该查找设备发送 所述的节点宣告消息。
9. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的 方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 D1 中的索引, 由设备通过被动方式查找 网络中存在的节点进行; 所述的被动方式是由设备通过侦听指定的多播 地址, 来获取处于同一广播域或不同广播域中的节点消息。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种动态组网以实现资源共享的方法, 其特征在于进一步包括节点间的通讯方法: 包括: El. 分别由源节点控制设备、 目标节点控制设备向网络发送各自节 点的节点宣告消息;
F1. 源节点控制设备、 目标节点控制设备分别通过发起请求和接收 请求的过程, 建立起两节点间的资源共享关系并交换资源信息;
G1. 源节点内的设备向其节点控制设备发起并经目标节点控制设备 转发调用目标节点内设备资源的请求;
HI. 由目标节点内设备向目标节点控制设备发回并经源节点控制设 备转发给源节点内设备的资源调用响应。
11. 一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法, 其特征在于包括:
A2. 设置至少一个服务提供设备, 用于为家庭网络中的其它设备提 供服务;
B2. 设置至少一个服务使用设备, 用于使用家庭网络中其它设备所 提供的服务;
C2. 设置一个协议网关, 用于联络本家庭网络主干网与外部网络; D2. 服务提供设备、 服务使用设备和协议网关通过宽频带、 高速率 的家庭网络主干网协议连接成家庭网络主干网。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法,其特 征在于: 所述步骤 A2、 B2 中的服务提供设备和服务使用设备可以存在 于同一物理设备上。
13. 根据权利要求 11所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法,其特 征在于: 所述的家庭网络主干网采用有线传输方式; 或釆用无线传输方 式; 或同时采用有线传输方式与无线传输方式。
14. 根据权利要求 11所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法,其特 征在于: 将所述的一个服务提供设备或一个服务使用设备或协议网关指 定为家庭网络主干网的资源管理设备, 构成资源管理设备与其它设备间 主 /从连接方式的主千网拓朴结构, 由资源管理设备对其它设备进行集 中控制。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法,其特 征在于所述的集中控制包括: 服务提供设备和 /或服务使用设备经在资 源管理设备上注册成功后加入家庭网络主干网, 和加入家庭网络主干网 的服务使用设备从资源管理设备上索引服务。
16.根据权利要求 11所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法,其特 征在于: 由所述的服务提供设备、 服务使用设备、 协议网关按对等连接 方式构成对等连接的主干网拓朴结构。
17.根据权利要求 16所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法,其特 征在于: 所述的对等连接, 是由希望连接的源设备向目标设备发出对等 连接创建请求, 和由目标设备向源设备发出对等连接创建响应完成的。
18.根据权利要求 17所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法,其特 征在于: 所述的目标设备和源设备可互为服务提供设备和服务使用设 备。
19. 才艮据权利要求 11 所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法, 其 特征在于: 所述的服务提供设备和服务使用设备是可互易的, 一个家庭 网络主干网设备可同时为服务提供设备和服务使用设备。
20. 根据权利要求 11 所述的一种家庭网络的主干网组网方法, 其 特征在于: 所述的家庭网络主干网是用有线以太网实现的; 或用无线以 太网实现的; 或用有线、 无线以太网混合实现的。
21. 一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组网与资源共享的方法, 其 特征在于包括以下步骤: A3. 将家庭主干网设备连接在局域网或无线局域网上;
B3. 设备以组播方式通过发布宣告消息宣告本设备信息;
C3. 设备通过侦听或查找方式获得其它设备的存在消息;
D3. 服务使用设备或服务提供设备通过在一个资源管理设备上注 册, 与资源管理设备一起构成一个家庭主干网络; 或一个以上的服务使 用设备或服务提供设备通过对等连接方式构成一个家庭主干网络;
E3. 加入家庭主干网络的服务使用设备通过向资源管理设备发起服 务查找请求, 获取家庭主干网络内服务提供设备的服务信息, 服务使用 设备通过向服务提供设备发起服务租用请求和服务调用请求, 获取使用 服务的权利和使用服务提供设备所提供的服务; 或者服务使用设备通过 向与之建立有对等连接关系的服务提供设备发起服务查找请求、 服务租 用请求和服务调用请求, 获取该服务提供设备的服务信息、 使用服务的 权利和使用服务提供设备所提供的服务。
22. 根据权利要求 21 所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步骤 A3, 所述的家庭主干 网设备包括信息类设备、 通讯类设备和娱乐类设备, 设备及其服务信息 按主干网协议对设备及其服务描述规范进行封装并发布。
23. 根据权利要求 22所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的主干网协议, 其主干网协议 栈包括用于设备、 服务间数据交互的传输管理层, 用于实现家庭网络中 设备间互联互通、 资源共享的中间协议层, 和为上层应用程序提供 API 访问接口的应用支持层。
24. 根据权利要求 21 所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步骤 B3 , 设备是定期地以组 播方式宣告本设备信息的; 所发布的宣告消息中至少包括设备的寻址标 识、 设备的描述信息和设备所带的服务信息。
25. 根据权利要求 21 所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步骤 C3, 所述的侦听方式是 设备通过侦听其它设备的设备宣告消息, 获取其它设备的存在信息; 所 述的查找方式是设备通过组播方式发送查找设备消息 , 收到组播查找消 息的设备, 在自身条件符合查找消息中的查找条件时, 以单播方式返回 自身的设备宣告信息。
26. 根据权利要求 21 所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步骤 D3, 在服务使用或服 务提供设备上指定了资源管理设备时, 服务使用或服务提供设备向网络 中存在的该资源管理设备发起注册过程; 在服务使用或服务提供设备上 没有指定资源管理设备时, 向网络中存在的一个资源管理设备发起注册 过程。
27. 根据权利要求 21 所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步骤 D3, 所述的服务使用 或服务提供设备在同一时间内只在一个资源管理设备上进行注册。
28. 根据权利要求 21 所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步驟 D3还包括, 在资源管 理设备上注册成功的服务提供设备, 将自身的服务注册到资源管理设备 上; 资源管理设备维持在其上注册的所有设备及其服务信息。
29. 根据权利要求 21 所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步骤 D3, 一个以上的设备 通过对等连接方式构成一个家庭主干网络, 进一步包括: 一个设备通过 侦听其它设备的组播宣告消息获取其它设备的存在消息; 一个设备向其 它设备发起对等连接创建请求, 以请求其它设备上的服务。
30.根据权利要求 21所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组网 与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 D3 , 进一步设置有安全机 制的建立过程, 包括:
D31. 由资源管理设备向加入家庭主干网络的设备发出认证信息 , 其认证密钥由密钥配置管理程序负责配置, 认证通过则注册成功;
D32. 在两个对等连接的设备间进行连接认证, 连接认证密钥由密 钥配置管理程序发放, 并维持在两个对等连接的设备本地。
31.根据权利要求 30所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组网 与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于: 所述步骤中, 家庭主干网络中的设备 通过协商的私钥, 由密钥配置管理程序负责配置连接认证密钥, 并以该 连接认证密钥为基础, 建立两设备间的传输密钥, 进行安全传输。
32.根据权利要求 30所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组网 与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于所述的密钥配置管理程序对密钥的配置 包括: 由密钥配置管理程序以组播方式发出认证配置消息; 收到该认证 配置消息的设备, 在未设定密钥的状态下, 对该消息作出响应发出密钥 配置请求; 由密钥配置管理程序对配置请求进行响应, 设置密钥。
33.根据权利要求 30所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组网 与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于所述的密钥配置管理程序设置在资源管 理设备上, 或者设置在家庭主干网络中具有人机交互能力的设备上。
34. 根据权利要求 21 所述的一种家庭主干网中实现设备间动态组 网与资源共享的方法, 其特征在于还包括: 服务使用设备或服务提供设 备通过向资源管理设备发出设备注销请求, 退出家庭主干网络, 资源管 理设备删除其上该设备的注册信息及注册的服务信息; 或者由服务使用 设备向服务提供设备发出解除连接关系请求宣告, 退出家庭主干网络。
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