WO2003045937A1 - N-ureido-piperidines as antagonists viii for ccr-3 receptor - Google Patents

N-ureido-piperidines as antagonists viii for ccr-3 receptor Download PDF

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WO2003045937A1
WO2003045937A1 PCT/EP2002/013218 EP0213218W WO03045937A1 WO 2003045937 A1 WO2003045937 A1 WO 2003045937A1 EP 0213218 W EP0213218 W EP 0213218W WO 03045937 A1 WO03045937 A1 WO 03045937A1
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alkyl
chlorobenzyl
piperidin
mmol
cyclopentyl
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PCT/EP2002/013218
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French (fr)
Inventor
Daisy Joe Du Bois
Denis John Kertesz
Eric Brian Sjogren
David Bernard Smith
Beihan Wang
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F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag
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Priority to KR1020047008357A priority Critical patent/KR100652450B1/en
Priority to BR0214613-4A priority patent/BR0214613A/en
Priority to CA002467874A priority patent/CA2467874A1/en
Priority to AU2002352123A priority patent/AU2002352123A1/en
Priority to JP2003547387A priority patent/JP2005515193A/en
Priority to EP02787796A priority patent/EP1453825A1/en
Priority to MXPA04005176A priority patent/MXPA04005176A/en
Publication of WO2003045937A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003045937A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

  • N-UREIDO-PIPERIDINES AS ANTAGONISTS VI II FOR CCR-3 RECEPTOR
  • This invention relates to piperidine derivatives that are CCR-3 receptor antagonists, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, their use, and methods for preparing them.
  • Tissue eosinophilia is a feature of a number of pathological conditions such as asthma, rhinitis, eczema and parasitic infections (see Bousquet, J. et al., N. Eng. J. Med. 323: 1033-1039 (1990) and Kay, A. B. and Corrigan, C. J., Br. Med. Bull. 48:51-64 (1992)).
  • asthma eosinophil accumulation and activation are associated with damage to bronchial epithelium and hyperresponsiveness to constrictor mediators.
  • Chemokines such as RANTES, eotaxin and MCP-3 are known to activate eosinophils (see Baggiolini, M. and Dahinden, C.
  • Glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone, methprednisolone and hydrocortisone have been used for treating many eosinophil-related disorders, including bronchial asthma (R. P. Schleimer et al., Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 141, 559 (1990)).
  • the glucocorticoids are believed to inhibit IL-5 and IL-3 mediated eosinophil survival in these diseases.
  • prolonged use of glucocorticoids can lead to side effects such as glaucoma, osteoporosis and growth retardation in the patients (see Hanania, N. A. et al., J. Allergy and Clin. Immunol., Vol.
  • the CCR-3 receptor was identified as a major chemokine receptor that eosinophils use for their response to eotaxin, RANTES and MCP-3.
  • CCR-3 bound eotaxin, RANTES and MCP-3 conferred chemotactic responses on these cells to eotaxin, RANTES and MCP-3 (see Ponath, P. D. et al., J. Exp. Med. 183, 2437-2448 (1996)).
  • the CCR-3 receptor is expressed on the surface of eosinophils, T-cells (subtype Th-2), basophils and mast cells and is highly selective for eotaxin.
  • blocking the ability of the CCR-3 receptor to bind RANTES, MCP-3 and eotaxin and thereby preventing the recruitment of eosinophils should provide for the treatment of eosinophil-mediated inflammatory diseases.
  • the present invention concerns novel piperidine derivatives which are capable of inhibiting the binding of eotaxin to the CCR-3 receptor and thereby provide a means of combating eosinophil induced diseases, such as asthma.
  • this invention provides a compound of Formula (I):
  • R 1 is (C r C 2 )alkylene
  • R is optionally substituted phenyl
  • R is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, aryl, or arylalkyl;
  • ring A is a cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or optionally substituted phenyl;
  • R a is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyloxycarbonyl;
  • X is absent, -(CR'R")O-, -(CR'R")S-,-(CR > R")NR b - or alkylene;
  • R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl, and R is hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 4 is aryl or heteroaryl
  • R 5 is hydrogen or alkyl
  • R 1 is -CH 2 -
  • R is phenyl
  • R 3 is hydrogen
  • R 5 is hydrogen
  • A is phenyl
  • prodrugs individual isomers, ramecic and non-racemic mixtures of isomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • R'-R 5 , A, L, and X are as defined in (i).
  • R'-R 5 , A, L, and X are as defined in (i).
  • R 3 , R 4 , A, L, and X are as defined in (i).
  • this invention provides pharmaceutical compositions containing a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • this invention provides processes disclosed herein for preparing compounds of Formula (I).
  • this invention provides novel intermediates disclosed herein that are useful for preparing compounds of Formula (I).
  • this invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in medical therapy or diagnosis (e.g. for treating asthma).
  • this invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the manufacture of a medicament useful for treating a disease in a mammal treatable by administration of a CCR-3 receptor antagonist (e.g. asthma).
  • a CCR-3 receptor antagonist e.g. asthma
  • Acyl means a radical -C(O)R, where R is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, phenyl or phenylalkyl wherein alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and phenylalkyl are as defined herein.
  • Representative examples include, but are not limited to formyl, acetyl, cyclohexylcarbonyl, cyclohexylmethylcarbonyl, benzoyl, benzylcarbonyl.
  • Acylalkyl means a radical -alkylene-C(O)R where R is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, benzyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monoalkylamino or dialkylamino.
  • Representative examples include methylcarbonyl- methyl, 2-(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl, 2-(methoxycarbonyl)ethyl, 2-carboxyethyl.
  • Acylamino means a radical -NR'C(O)R, where R' is hydrogen or alkyl, and R is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, phenyl or phenylalkyl wherein alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and phenylalkyl are as defined herein.
  • Representative examples include, but are not limited to formylamino, acetylamino, cylcohexylcarbonylamino, cyclohexylmethyl-carbonylamino, benzoylamino, benzylcarbonylamino.
  • Alkoxy means a radical -OR where R is an alkyl as defined herein e.g., methoxy, efhoxy, propoxy, butoxy.
  • Alkoxycarbonyl means a radical -C(O)-R where R is alkoxy as defined herein.
  • Alkenyl means a linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of two to six carbon atoms or a branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, containing at least one double bond, e.g., ethenyl, propenyl.
  • Alkyl means a linear saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of one to six carbon atoms or a branched saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, 2-propyl, n-butyl, j ' so-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl.
  • Alkylamino or “Monoalkylamino” means a radical -NHR where R represents an alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl group as defined herein. Representative examples include, but are not limited to methylamino, ethylamino, isopropylamino, cyclohexylamino.
  • Alkylene means a linear saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of one to six carbon atoms or a branched saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, e.g., methylene, ethylene, 2,2-dimethylethylene, propylene, 2-mefhylpropylene, butylene, pentylene.
  • Alkynyl means a linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of two to six carbon atoms or a branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, containing at least one triple bond, e.g., ethynyl, propynyl.
  • Alkylsulfonyl means a radical -S(O) 2 R where R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl group as defined herein, e.g., methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, propylsulfonyl, butylsulfonyl, cyclohexylsulfonyl.
  • Alkylsulfinyl means a radical -S(O)R where R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl group as defined herein e.g., methylsulfinyl, efhylsulfinyl, propylsulfinyl, butylsulfinyl, cyclohexylsulfinyl.
  • Alkylthio means a radical -SR where R is an alkyl as defined above e.g., methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, butylthio.
  • Aryl means a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical of preferably 6 to 10 ring atoms which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, preferably one, two or three, substituents preferably selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, -SO 2 NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy. More specifically the term aryl includes, but is not limited to, phenyl, chlorophenyl, fluorophenyl, methoxyphenyl, 1-
  • Allene means a divalent aryl group as defined above.
  • Arylalkyl refers to an alkyl radical as defined herein in which one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced with an aryl group.
  • Typical arylalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, benzyl, 2-phenylethan- l-yl, naphthylmethyl, 2-naphthylethan-l-yl, naphthobenzyl, 2-naphthophenylethan-l-yl.
  • Aryloxy means a radical -O-R where R is an aryl group as defined herein.
  • Cycloalkyl refers to a saturated monovalent cyclic hydrocarbon radical of three to seven ring carbons e.g., cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl. x y x V
  • Cycloalkyl-alkyl means a radical -R R where R is an alkylene group and R is cycloalkyl group as defined herein, e.g., cyclohexylmefhyl.
  • Dialkylamino means a radical -NRR' where R and R' independently represent an alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl group as defined herein. Representative examples include, but are not limited to dimethylamino, me hylethylamino, di( l-methylethyl)amino, (cyclohexyl)(methyl)amino, (cyclohexyl)(ethyl)amino, (cyclohexyl) (propyl)amino, (cyclohexylmethyl)(mefhyl)amino, (cyclohexylmethyl)(ethyl)amino.
  • Halo means fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo, preferably fluoro and chloro.
  • Haloalkyl means alkyl substituted with one or more same or different halo atoms, e.g., -CH 2 ⁇ , -CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3) -CH 2 CC1 3 .
  • Heteroaryl means a monocyclic or bicyclic radical of 5 to 12 ring atoms having at least one aromatic ring containing one, two, or three ring heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S, the remaining ring atoms being C, with the understanding that the attachment point of the heteroaryl radical will be on an aromatic ring.
  • the heteroaryl ring is optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents, preferably one or two substituents, selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, -SO 2 NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy or optionally substituted phenyl.
  • substituents preferably one or two substituents, selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, al
  • heteroaryl includes, but is not limited to, pyridyl, furanyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, triazolyl, imidazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrimidinyl, 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(4- methoxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, benzofuranyl, tetrahydrobenzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzotriazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzoxazolyl, quinolyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, isoquinolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, triazo
  • Heteroarylene means a divalent heteroaryl group as defined above.
  • Heteroarylalkyl means an alkyl radical as defined herein in which one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced with a heteroaryl group.
  • Heteroalkyl means an alkyl radical as defined herein wherein one, two or three hydrogen atoms have been replaced with a substituent independently selected from the group consisting of -OR d , -NR R c , and -S(O) n R (where n is an integer from 0 to 2), with the understanding that the point of attachment of the heteroalkyl radical is through a carbon atom, wherein R d is hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl; R and R c are independently of each other hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl; when n is 0, R d is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl, and when n is 1 or 2, R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, amino, acylamino, monoalkylamin
  • Representative examples include, but are not limited to, 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxy-l-hydroxymethylefhyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 1-hydroxymethyl ethyl, 3- hydroxybutyl, 2,3-dihydroxybutyl, 2-hydroxy-l-mefhylpropyl, 2-aminoethyl, 3- aminopropyl, 2-methylsulfonylethyl, aminosulfonylmethyl, aminosulfonylethyl, aminosulfonylpropyl, methylaminosulfonylmethyl, methylaminosulfonylethyl, methylaminosulfonylpropyl.
  • Heterocyclyl means a saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic cyclic radical of 3 to 8 ring atoms in which one or two ring atoms are heteroatoms selected from NR X ⁇ wherein each R x is independently hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, (alkylamino)sulfonyl, (dialkylamino)sulfonyl, carbamoyl, (alkylamino)carbonyl, (dialkylamino)carbonyl, (carbamoyl)alkyl, (alkylamino)carbonylalkyl, or dialkylaminocarbonylalkyl ⁇ , O, or S(O) n (where n is an integer from 0 to 2), the remaining ring atoms being C.
  • the heterocyclyl ring may be optionally substituted independently with one, two, or three substituents selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, heteroalkyl, halo, nitro, cyanoalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, arylalkyl, -(X) n - C(O)R (where X is O or NR ⁇ n is 0 or 1, R is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or optionally substituted phenyl, and R' is hydrogen or alkyl), -alkylene-C(O)R (where R is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or optionally substituted phenyl) or -S(O) n R (where n is an integer from 0 to 2, and
  • heterocyclyl includes, but is not limited to, tetrahydropyranyl, piperidino, N-methylpiperidin-3-yl, piperazino, N-methylpyrrolidin-3- yl, 3-pyrrolidino, morpholino, thiomorpholino, thiomorpholino-1 -oxide, thiomorpholino-l,l-dioxide,tetrahydrothiophenyl-S,S-dioxide, pyrrolinyl, imidazolinyl, and the derivatives thereof.
  • “Hydroxyalkyl” means an alkyl radical as defined herein, substituted with one or more, preferably one, two or three hydroxy groups, provided that the same carbon atom does not carry more than one hydroxy group.
  • Representative examples include, but are not limited to, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, l-(hydroxymethyl)-2- mefhylpropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl, 3-hydroxybutyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 2- hydroxy-1-hydroxymethylethyl, 2,3-dihydroxybutyl, 3,4-dihydroxybutyl and 2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, preferably 2-hydroxyethyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl and l-(hydroxymethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl. Accordingly, as used herein, the term "hydroxyalkyl" is used to define a subset of heteroalkyl groups.
  • Leaving group has the meaning conventionally associated with it in synthetic organic chemistry, i.e., an atom or a group capable of being displaced by a nucleophile and includes halo (such as chloro, bromo, and iodo), alkanesulfonyloxy, arenesulfonyloxy, alkylcarbonyloxy (e.g., acetoxy), arylcarbonyloxy, mesyloxy, tosyloxy, trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy, aryloxy (e.g., 2,4-dinitrophenoxy), methoxy, N,O- dimethylhydroxylamino.
  • halo such as chloro, bromo, and iodo
  • alkanesulfonyloxy arenesulfonyloxy
  • alkylcarbonyloxy e.g., acetoxy
  • arylcarbonyloxy mesyloxy, tosyloxy, trifluorome
  • Optionally substituted phenyl means a phenyl group which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, preferably one, two or three, substituents preferably selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, -SO 2 NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy.
  • substituents preferably one, two or three, substituents preferably selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl,
  • the term includes, but is not limited to, phenyl, chlorophenyl, fluorophenyl, bromophenyl, methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, methoxyphenyl, cyanophenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl, 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl or 3,4-dichlorophenyl and the derivatives thereof.
  • aryl group optionally mono- or di-substituted with an alkyl group means that the alkyl may but need not be present, and the description includes situations where the aryl group is mono- or disubstituted with an alkyl group and situations where the aryl group is not substituted with the alkyl group.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable excipient” means an excipient that is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is generally safe, non-toxic and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable, and includes excipient that is acceptable for veterinary use as well as human pharmaceutical use.
  • a "pharmaceutically acceptable excipient” as used in the specification and claims includes both one and more than one such excipient.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” of a compound means a salt that is pharmaceutically acceptable and that possesses the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound.
  • Such salts include: (1) acid addition salts, formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3- (4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethane-disulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid
  • Phenylalkyl refers to an alkyl radical as defined herein in which one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl radical has been replaced by an optionally substituted phenyl.
  • Protecting group refers to a grouping of atoms that when attached to a reactive group in a molecule masks, reduces or prevents that reactivity. Examples of protecting groups can be found in T.W. Green and P.G. Futs, Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry, (Wiley, 2 nd ed. 1991) and Harrison and Harrison et al., Compendium of Synthetic Organic Methods, Vols. 1-8 (John Wiley and Sons, 1971-1996).
  • Representative amino protecting groups include, formyl, acetyl, trifluoroacetyl, benzyl, benzyloxycarbonyl (CBZ), ter -butoxycarbonyl (Boc), trimethyl silyl (TMS), 2-trimethylsilyl-ethanesulfonyl (SES), trityl and substituted trityl groups, allyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (FMOC), nitro-veratryloxycarbonyl (NVOC).
  • hydroxy protecting groups include those where the hydroxy group is either acylated or alkylated such as benzyl, and trityl ethers as well as alkyl ethers, tetrahydropyranyl ethers, trialkylsilyl ethers and allyl ethers.
  • Treating" or “treatment” of a disease includes: (1) preventing the disease, i.e., causing the clinical symptoms of the disease not to develop in a mammal that maybe exposed to or predisposed to the disease but does not yet experience or display symptoms of the disease; (2) inhibiting the disease, i.e., arresting or reducing the development of the disease or its clinical symptoms; or (3) relieving the disease, i.e., causing regression of the disease or its clinical symptoms.
  • a therapeutically effective amount means the amount of a compound that, when administered to a mammal for treating a disease, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the disease.
  • the “therapeutically effective amount” will vary depending on the compound, the disease and its severity and the age, weight, etc., of the mammal to be treated.
  • Prodrugs means any compound which releases an active parent drug according to Formula I in vivo when such a prodrug is administered to a mammalian subject.
  • Prodrugs of a compound of Formula I are prepared by modifying functional groups present in the compound of Formula I in such a way that the modifications maybe cleaved in vivo to release the parent compound.
  • Prodrugs include compounds of Formula I wherein a hydroxy, amino, or sulfhydryl group in a compound of Formula I is bonded to any group that may be cleaved in vivo to regenerate the free hydroxyl, amino, or sulfhydryl group, respectively.
  • prodrugs include, but are not limited to esters (e.g., acetate, formate, and benzoate derivatives), carbamates (e.g., N,N-dimefhylaminocarbonyl) of hydroxy functional groups in compounds of Formula I.
  • esters e.g., acetate, formate, and benzoate derivatives
  • carbamates e.g., N,N-dimefhylaminocarbonyl
  • isomers Compounds that have the same molecular Formula but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “isomers.” Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “stereoisomers”. Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another are termed “diastereomers” and those that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are termed “enantiomers”. When a compound has an asymmetric center, for example, if a carbon atom is bonded to four different groups, a pair of enantiomers is possible.
  • An enantiomer can be characterized by the absolute configuration of its asymmetric center and is described by the R- and S-sequencing rules of Cahn and Prelog, or by the manner in which the molecule rotates the plane of polarized light and designated as dextrorotatory or levorotatory (i.e., as (+) or (-)-isomers respectively).
  • a chiral compound can exist as either individual enantiomer or as a mixture thereof. A mixture containing equal proportions of the enantiomers is called a "racemic mixture".
  • the compounds of this invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof.
  • the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers and mixtures, racemic or otherwise, thereof.
  • the methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well-known in the art (see discussion in Chapter 4 of "Advanced Organic Chemistry", 4th edition J. March, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1992). The nomenclature used in this application is generally based on the IUPAC recommendations.
  • a compound of Formula (I) wherein Ri is methylene; R 2 is 4-chlorophenyl; L is C( O)NH; X is absent; A is cyclopentyl; R 3 is hydrogen; and R is 2-quinolyl (Compound 1 in Table 1), is named ( ⁇ )- trans- l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]cyclopentyl ⁇ -3-quinolin-2-yl-urea.
  • a preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R 1 is methylene.
  • One aspect of the invention relates to compounds of Formula (I) where ring A is cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl or substituted phenyl.
  • Another preferred compound of the invention are compounds of Formula (I) wherein ring A is cyclopentyl. Compounds where ring A is cyclopentyl are bind unexpectedly potently to the CCR-3 receptor.
  • Other preferred compounds of the invention are compounds of Formula (I) wherein ring A is heterocyclyl (particularly tetrahydropyranyl, S,S-dioxo-tetrahydothiophenyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl or pyrrolidinyl) or compounds of Formula (I) wherein ring A is substituted phenyl.
  • a preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R 2 is phenyl ring substituted with one, or two substituents selected from alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, halo, cyano or nitro; preferably methyl, ethyl, methoxy, trifluoromefhyl, chloro, fluoro or bromo; most preferably 4-nitrophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3,4- difluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl, 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl, 3- chloro-4-fluorophenyl or 3,4-dichlorophenyl. Particularly preferred are 4-chlorophenyl or 3,4-dichlorophenyl.
  • a preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R 3 is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.
  • a preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein X is absent, methylene, 1,2-ethanediyl, 1,3-propanediyl, or 1,4-butanediyl.
  • a preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R is optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl wherein the heteroaryl ring is indolyl, thienyl, quinolinyl, substituted pyrimidin-2-yl, e.g. (5-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl or 5-(4- methoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl) or 1,8-naphthyridinyl.
  • R is optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl wherein the heteroaryl ring is indolyl, thienyl, quinolinyl, substituted pyrimidin-2-yl, e.g. (5-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxy)-pyrimidin-2-
  • R 4 is selected from 3,4- dichlorophenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl, 3- methanesulfonylphenyl, 4-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl, 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin- 2-yl, phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-ethylphenyl, 3 -methoxyphenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 4- carboxamidophenyl, 4-acetylphenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 2-chloro-4- fluorophenyl, 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl,
  • R 4 being trimethoxyphenyl, e.g 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-acetyl-phenyl, 4-carboxamido-phenyl and 4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl.
  • X is -CH 2 S-, -CH 2 O-, -CH 2 CH 2 - and R 4 is heteroaryl, preferably optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl or thienyl.
  • Particularly preferred are compounds where X is -CH 2 S- and R 4 is 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)- pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(4- methoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of Formula (II):
  • R'-R 5 , A, L, and X have any of the values described herein.
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of Formula (III):
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (IV):
  • R , R , A, L, and X have any of the values described herein.
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (V):
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (VI):
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (VII):
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (VIII):
  • R x is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, (alkylamino)sulfonyl, (dialkylamino)sulfonyl, carbamoyl, (alkylamino)carbonyl, (dialkylamino)carbonyl, (carbamoyl)alkyl, (alkylamino)carbonylalkyl, or dialkylaminocarbonylalkyl.
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (IX):
  • a specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (X):
  • a particularly preferred compound of the invention is:
  • the compounds of the invention are CCR-3 receptor antagonists and inhibit eosinophil recruitment by CCR-3 chemokines such as RANTES, eotaxin, MCP-2, MCP-3 and MCP-4.
  • CCR-3 chemokines such as RANTES, eotaxin, MCP-2, MCP-3 and MCP-4.
  • Compounds of this invention and compositions containing them are useful in the treatment of eosiniphil-induced diseases such as inflammatory or allergic diseases and including respiratory allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, hypersensitivity lung diseases, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, eosinophilic pneumonias (e.g., chronic eosinophilic pneumonia); inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis); and psoriasis and inflammatory dermatoses such as dermatitis and eczema.
  • respiratory allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, hypersensitivity lung diseases, hypersensitivity pneumonitis
  • the CCR-3 antagonistic activity of the compounds of this invention can be measured by in vitro assays such as ligand binding and chemotaxis assays as described in more detail in Examples 45, 46, and 47. In vivo activity was assayed in the Ovalbumin induced Asthma in Balb/c Mice Model as described in more detail in Example 48.
  • the compounds of this invention can be administered in a therapeutically effective amount by any of the accepted modes of administration for agents that serve similar utilities.
  • the actual amount of the compound of this invention, i.e., the active ingredient, will depend upon numerous factors such as the severity of the disease to be treated, the age and relative health of the subject, the potency of the compound used, the route and form of administration, and other factors.
  • Therapeutically effective amounts of compounds of Formula (I) may range from approximately 0.01-20 mg per kilogram body weight of the recipient per day; preferably about 0.1-10 mg/kg/day. Thus, for administration to a 70 kg person, the dosage range would most preferably be about 7 mg to 0.7 g per day.
  • compounds of this invention will be administered as pharmaceutical compositions by any one of the following routes: oral, transdermal, inhalation (e.g., intranasal or oral inhalation) or parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous) administration.
  • routes e.g., oral, transdermal, inhalation (e.g., intranasal or oral inhalation) or parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous) administration.
  • routes e.g., oral using a convenient daily dosage regimen which can be adjusted according to the degree of affliction.
  • Compositions can take the form of tablets, pills, capsules, semisolids, powders, sustained release formulations, solutions, suspensions, liposomes, elixirs, or any other appropriate compositions.
  • Another preferred manner for administering compounds of this invention is inhalation. This is an effective means for delivering a therapeutic agent directly to the respiratory tract for the treatment of diseases such as asthma and other
  • the choice of formulation depends on various factors such as the mode of drug administration and the bioavailability of the drug substance.
  • the compound can be formulated as liquid solutions or suspensions, aerosol propellants or dry powder and loaded into a suitable dispenser for administration.
  • suitable dispenser for administration There are three types of pharmaceutical inhalation devices--nebulizer inhalers, metered-dose inhalers (MDI) and dry powder inhalers (DPI).
  • MDI metered-dose inhalers
  • DPI dry powder inhalers
  • Nebulizer devices produce a stream of high velocity air that causes the therapeutic agents (which has been formulated in a liquid form) to spray as a mist which is carried into the patient's respiratory tract.
  • MDI's typically have the formulation packaged with a compressed gas.
  • the device Upon actuation, the device discharges a measured amount of therapeutic agent by compressed gas, thus affording a reliable method of administering a set amount of agent.
  • DPI's administer therapeutic agents in the form of a free flowing powder that can be dispersed in the patient's inspiratory air-stream during breathing by the device.
  • the therapeutic agent In order to achieve a free flowing powder, the therapeutic agent is formulated with an excipient, such as lactose.
  • a measured amount of the therapeutic is stored in a capsule form and is dispensed to the patient with each actuation.
  • pharmaceutical formulations have been developed especially for drugs that show poor bioavailability based upon the principle that bioavailability can be increased by increasing the surface area i.e., decreasing particle size.
  • 4,107,288 describes a pharmaceutical formulation having particles in the size range from 10 to 1,000 nm in which the active material is supported on a crosslinked matrix of macromolecules.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,684 describes the production of a pharmaceutical formulation in which the drug substance is pulverized to nanoparticles (average particle size of 400 nm) in the presence of a surface modifier and then dispersed in a liquid medium to give a pharmaceutical formulation that exhibits remarkably high bioavailability.
  • compositions are comprised of in general, a compound of Formula (I) in combination with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • Acceptable excipients are non-toxic, aid administration, and do not adversely affect the therapeutic benefit of the compound of Formula (I).
  • excipient maybe any solid, liquid, semi- solid or, in the case of an aerosol composition, gaseous excipient that is generally available to one of skill in the art.
  • Solid pharmaceutical excipients include starch, cellulose, talc, glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, glycerol monostearate, sodium chloride, dried skim milk.
  • Liquid and semisolid excipients may be selected from glycerol, propylene glycol, water, ethanol and various oils, including those of petroleum, animal, vegetable or synthetic origin, e.g., peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil, etc.
  • Preferred liquid carriers, particularly for injectable solutions include water, saline, aqueous dextrose, and glycols.
  • Compressed gases may be used to disperse a compound of this invention in aerosol form.
  • Inert gases suitable for this purpose are nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.
  • the drug and the lipids are dissolved in a suitable organic solvent e.g. tert-butanol, cyclohexane (1% ethanol).
  • a suitable organic solvent e.g. tert-butanol, cyclohexane (1% ethanol).
  • the solution is lyopholized and the lipid mixture is suspended in an aqueous buffer and allowed to form a liposome. If necessary, the liposome size can be reduced by sonification.
  • a suitable organic solvent e.g. tert-butanol, cyclohexane (1% ethanol).
  • the level of the compound in a formulation can vary within the full range employed by those skilled in the art.
  • the formulation will contain, on a weight percent (wt %) basis, from about 0.01-99.99 wt % of a compound of Formula (I) based on the total formulation, with the balance being one or more suitable pharmaceutical excipients.
  • the compound is present at a level of about 1-80 wt %.
  • Representative pharmaceutical formulations containing a compound of Formula (I) are described in
  • the compounds of the present invention can be prepared in a number of ways known to one skilled in the art. Preferred methods include, but are not limited to, the general synthetic procedures described below.
  • the starting materials and reagents used in preparing these compounds are either available from commercial suppliers such as Aldrich Chemical Co., (Milwaukee, Wis., USA), Bachem (Torrance, Calif., USA), Enika Chemie, or Sigma (St. Louis, Mo., USA), Maybridge (Dist: Ryan Scientific, P.O. Box 6496, Columbia, S.C. 92960), Bionet Research Ltd., (Cornwall PL32 9QZ, UK), Menai Organics Ltd., (Gwynedd, N. Wales, UK), Butt Park Ltd., (Dist.
  • the starting materials and the intermediates of the reaction may be isolated and purified if desired using conventional techniques, including but not limited to filtration, distillation, crystallization, chromatography. Such materials may be characterized using conventional means, including physical constants and spectral data.
  • Compounds of Formula (I) are generally prepared from the precursor amine of Formula (la) as shown below.
  • Schemes 1-5 show methods of preparing compounds of Formula la having different rings A. Specific exemplification is provided for R -R being 4-chlorobenzyl in Preparations 1-6. Preparation of analogous compounds where R and R vary within the full scope of this invention may be readily prepared by one of skill in the art in light of this specification and incorporated references.
  • a 0.2-0.3 M solution of the amino alcohol (1 equiv) in CH 2 C1 2 at 0 °C is treated successively with Et 3 N (2 equiv) and MeSO 2 Cl (2 equiv), stirred at 0 °C for 1-2 hours, and partitioned between CH 2 CI2 and 10-15% NH 4 OH.
  • the aqueous phase is extracted with CH 2 CI 2 and the extracts are dried and concentrated.
  • a 0.13M solution of the residue in 2.5:1 dioxane:28-30 wt % NH 4 OH is stirred at 70-80 °C for 2.5-18 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated.
  • R 2 NH 4-(4-C lorobenzyl)piperidine
  • Schemes 6 and 7 show preparation of compounds of Formula la where ring A is substituted.
  • Scheme 6 shows preparation of compounds of Formula la with a substituted cyclopentyl ring A.
  • NR 2 4-( 4 -chlorobenzyl)p ⁇ per ⁇ d ⁇ nyl
  • Schemes 8 and 9 show methods of converting compounds of Formula (la) to compounds of Formula (I) where L and A are varied.
  • a 0.1-0.6 M solution of the amine (1 equiv) in CH 2 C1 2 or CH 2 C1 2 and DMF at 0-20 °C is treated with the specified isocyanate (1.1-2 equiv), stirred for 0.5-1.5 hours, and partitioned between CH 2 C1 2 and saturated NaHCO 3 .
  • the aqueous phase is extracted with CH 2 CI 2 and the extracts are dried and concentrated.
  • the crude urea is purified by column chromatography or preparative TLC or used in the next step without further purification.
  • a solution of the free base in CH 2 CI2 is treated with 1 N HCI in Et 2 ⁇ and concentrated to give the hydrochloride salt.
  • a 0.1-0.4 M solution of the amine (1 equiv) and the specified carboxylic acid (1.2-1.5 equiv) in CH 2 CI 2 at 0 °C is treated successively with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBt) (0.2-0.5 equiv) and l-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (DEC) (1.3-2 equiv), stirred at 0-20 °C for 2-72 hours, and partitioned between CH 2 C1 2 and saturated NaHCO 3 .
  • the aqueous phase is extracted with CH 2 CI 2 and the extracts are dried and concentrated.
  • the crude amide is purified by column chromatography and/or preparative TLC.
  • a 0.1-0.4 M solution of the amine (1 equiv) and the specified carboxylic acid (1.2-1.5 equiv) in CH 2 C1 2 at 0 °C is treated successively with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBt) (0.2-0.5 equiv) and l-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (DEC) (1.3-2 equiv), stirred at 0-20 C for 2-72 hours, and partitioned between CH 2 C1 2 and saturated NaHCO 3 .
  • the aqueous phase is extracted with CH 2 C1 2 and the extracts are dried and concentrated.
  • the crude amide is purified by column chromatography and/or preparative TLC.
  • a solution of the free base in CH 2 C1 2 is treated with 1 N HCI in Et 2 O and concentrated to provide the hydrochloride salt.
  • Mass spectral analyses were accomplished using electrospray ionization.
  • Analytical reverse-phase HPLC was performed on Shimadzu system equipped with a diode array spectrometer (range 190-300 nm; Hewlett Packard).
  • the stationary phase was a Zorbax SB-Phenyl Rapid Resolution column (4.6 mm x 50 mm; Hewlett Packard), mobile phase A was 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, and mobile phase B was CH 3 CN.
  • a flow rate of 2.5 ml/min with a linear gradient of 20-55% B in 5 min and then 55-20% B in 5 min was employed.
  • Other physical and analytical data were obtained by the physical and analytical chemistry group at Roche Bioscience.
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ⁇ ns-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyI)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclohexanol
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )-t ⁇ ms-2-f4-(4-chIorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclohexylamine
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tmHS-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclopentanol
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )-fmns-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclopentylamine
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ns-4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 2-azido-cyclopentyl ester
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )- ⁇ s-l-(2-azido-cyclopentyl)-4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine
  • Step C Preparation of ( ⁇ )-ris-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yI]- cyclopentylamine
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-fmns-4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 2-azido-cyclohexyl ester
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )- ⁇ ' s- l-(2-azido-cyclohexyI)-4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine
  • Step C Preparation of ( ⁇ )-ris-2-f4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidm-l-yl1-cyclohexylamine
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone O-methyl-oxime
  • Step C Preparation of ( ⁇ )-rrans-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclobutylamine
  • the aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc and the extracts were washed with brine, dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and concentrated.
  • a solution of the residue in MeOH (30 ml) and 1 N HCI (3 ml) was stirred at 50 °C for 1 hour and at 75 °C for 5 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated.
  • the residue was partitioned between CH 2 C1 2 and 1 N NaOH, the aqueous phase was extracted with CH 2 CI 2 and the extracts were dried and concentrated.
  • Step A Preparation of 4-(4-Chloro-benzylidene)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid fert-butyl ester
  • the phosphorium salt (lOg) was taken up in THF and placed in an ice bath.
  • the KHMDS (42ml) was added slowly, the ice bath was removed, and the reaction was stirred for 45 minutes at room temperature.
  • the reaction solution was then cooled to -78°C and the ketone (4.2g) was added slowly.
  • the reaction was stirred for 30 minutes, the cooling bath was removed, and the reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature.
  • the reaction solution was poured into a saturated NH 4 C1 (100ml) solution, the layers were separated, the aqueous layer was washed twice with EtOAc, the organic layers were combined, dried (MgSO 4 ), and concentrated to ⁇ 40ml.
  • the solution was diluted with hexane and filtered to remove the majority of the Ph PO. Chromatography of the crude product with 20:1-10:1 hexane:EtOAc gave the product as a colorless oil (4.7g).
  • Step B Preparation of 4-(4-Chloro-benzyl)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
  • the protected piperidine ( lOg) was dissolved in EtOAc ( 100ml), the Pt ⁇ 2 was added, and the mixture was stirred rapidly under H 2 for 3 hours. The mixture was filtered through celite and concentrated. The crude product was taken up in hot hexane, filtered and allowed to crystallize. The product was recrystallized with hot hexane to yield the clean product (8.0g). Additional product was isolated form the mother liquor.
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ⁇ n5-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-tetrahydro- furan-3-ol
  • Step B Preparation of (+)-trflns-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-tetrahydro- furan-3-ylamine
  • Example 6 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-l- ⁇ (ii?,2 ⁇ ,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-hydroxy-cyclopentyl ⁇ -3-(3 ) 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea.
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-(l#,2#,4#)-4-(te ⁇ bu1yl-dimethyIsilanyloxy)- 2-[4-(4-chIorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yll-cyclopentanol
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )-(lfl,2/ ⁇ S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxy)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyI)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine
  • Step C Preparation of ( ⁇ )-l- ⁇ (l ⁇ ,2 ⁇ ,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxy)- 2-f4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1-cvclopentyll-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea
  • Example 7 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-l- ⁇ (li?,2i?,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-hydroxycyclopentyl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 8 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-l- ⁇ (l. ,2JR,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzy ⁇ )piperidin-l-yl]- 4-hydroxyrnethyl-cyclopentyl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-( lfl,2R,4i -4-(terf-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxymethyl)-
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )-(U ⁇ ,2i ,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxymethyl)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine
  • Step C Preparation of ( ⁇ )-l- ⁇ (l ⁇ ,2i ⁇ ,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxymethyl)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl ⁇ -3-(3 > 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea
  • Example 9 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-frans-l- ⁇ 4-[4-(4-chlorobenzy ⁇ )piperidin-l-yl]- pyrr olidin- 3 -yl ⁇ - 3 - ( 3 ,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl) urea dihydr ochloride .
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-frflns-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-4-hydroxy- pyrrolidine-1 -carboxylic acid t ⁇ rr-butyl ester
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )-t ⁇ 5-3-amino-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidine-1 -carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step C Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ⁇ s-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ureido1-pyrrolidine-l-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Example 10 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-cis-l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl ⁇ - 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 11 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-cis-N- ⁇ 2- [4- (4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl ⁇ - 4-methanesulfonyl-benzamide hydrochloride.
  • Example 12 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ⁇ «s-l- ⁇ l-acetyl-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 13 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-ris-l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexyl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 14 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-cis-N- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexyl ⁇ -4-methanesulfonyl-benzamide hydrochloride.
  • Example 15 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-trans-l- ⁇ 4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- l-methanesulfonyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 16 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-trans-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrroridine-l-sulfonic acid dimethylamide hydrochloride.
  • Example 19 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-l- ⁇ (li?,2/?,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-methoxymethyl-cyclopentyl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 20 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-l- ⁇ (ljR,2 ⁇ ,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-methoxy-cyclopentyl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 21 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ⁇ ns-2- ⁇ 3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-[3-(3,4 ) 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrrolidin-l-yl ⁇ -acetamide dihydrochloride.
  • Example 22 Preparation of (+)-tr «s-l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl ⁇ -3-(4-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)urea.
  • Example 23 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ⁇ «s-l- ⁇ 4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- l-(2-methanesulfonyl-ethyl)-pyrrolidin-3-yl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea dihydrochloride.
  • Example 24 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-trans-l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl ⁇ -3-[2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ethyl]urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 25 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ns-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrrolidine-l-sulfonic acid amide hydrochloride.
  • Example 27 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ⁇ «s-l- ⁇ 4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-l.l-dioxo- tetrahydro-l ⁇ 6 -thiophen-3-yl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride
  • Step A Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tmns- ⁇ 4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-l.l-dioxo- tetrah dro-l ⁇ -thiophen-3-yU-carbamic acid ethyl ester
  • Step B Preparation of ( ⁇ )-trflns-4- 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-l.l-dioxo- tetrahydro- l ⁇ -thiophen-3-ylamine
  • Example 28 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-tr ⁇ ns-3- ⁇ 3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-y ⁇ ]- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrrolidin-l-yl ⁇ -3-oxo-propinoic acid.
  • Example 29 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-trans-l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutyl ⁇ -3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 31 Preparation of ( ⁇ )-c ⁇ ' s-l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutyl ⁇ - 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
  • Example 32 The following compound was prepared using General Procedure C, with the appropriate amine and isocyanate.
  • Example 33 The following compounds were prepared using General Procedure E, with the appropriate amine and carboxylic acid.
  • Example 34 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure F, using the appropriate amine and carboxylic acid. ( ⁇ )- ⁇ s-N- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl ⁇ -
  • Example 35 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure G, using the appropriate amine and sulfonyl chloride.
  • Example 36 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure H, using the appropriate amine and acid chloride.
  • Example 37 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure I, using the appropriate amine and carboxylic acid.
  • Example 38 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure J, using the appropriate amine and isocyanate. ( ⁇ )-trans-l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl ⁇ -
  • Example 39 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure K, using the appropriate amine and isocyanate.
  • Example 40 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure L, using the appropriate aniline and Phoxime resin. ( ⁇ )-trans-l- ⁇ 2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl ⁇ -
  • Example 41 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure M, using the appropriate aniline.
  • Example 42 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure N, using the appropriate thioisocyanate.
  • Example 43 The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure O, using the appropriate succinimide.
  • the following ingredients are mixed to form a suspension for oral administration.
  • Veegum K (Vanderbilt Co.) 1.0 g
  • the CCR-3 antagonistic activity of the compounds of the invention was determined by their ability to inhibit the binding of l I eotaxin to CCR-3 LI.2 transfectant cells (see Ponath, P. D. et al., J. Exp. Med., Vol. 183, 2437-2448, (1996)).
  • the assay was performed in Costar 96-well polypropylene round bottom plates. Test compounds were dissolved in DMSO and then diluted with binding buffer (50 mM HEPES, 1 mM CaCl.sub.2, 5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.5% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.02% sodium azide, pH 7.24) such that the final DMSO concentration was 2%. 25 ⁇ l of the test solution or only buffer with DMSO (control samples) was added to each well, followed by the addition of 25 ⁇ l of 125 I-eotaxin (100 pmol) (NEX314, New England Nuclear, Boston, Mass.) and 1.5 x 10 5 of the CCR-3 LI.2 transfected cells in 25 ⁇ l binding buffer. The final reaction volume was 75 ⁇ l.
  • binding buffer 50 mM HEPES, 1 mM CaCl.sub.2, 5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.5% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.02% sodium azide, pH
  • the reaction was terminated by filtering the reaction mixture through polyethylenimine treated Packard Unifilter GF/C filter plate (Packard, Chicago, 111.).
  • the filters were washed four times with ice cold wash buffer containing 10 mm HEPES and 0.5M sodium chloride (pH 7.2) and dried at 65°C. for approximately 10 minutes. 25 ⁇ l/well of Microscint-20® scintillation fluid (Packard) was added and the radioactivity retained on the filters was determined by using the Packard TopCount ® .
  • the CCR-3 antagonistic activity of the compounds of this invention can be determined by measuring the inhibition of eotaxin mediated chemotaxis of the CCR-3 Ll.2 transfectant cells, using a slight modification of the method described in Ponath, P. D. et al., J. Clin. Invest. 97: 604-612 (1996). The assay is performed in a 24-well chemotaxis plate (Costar Corp., Cambridge, Mass.). CCR-3 Ll.2 transfectant cells are grown in culture medium containing RPMI 1640, 10% Hyclone ® fetal calf serum, 55 mM 2- mercaptoethanol and Geneticin 418 (0.8 mg/ml).
  • the transfected cells are treated with n-butyric acid at a final concentration of 5 mM/lxlO cells/ml, isolated and resuspended at lxlO 7 cells/ml in assay medium containing equal parts of RPMI 1640 and Medium 199 (M 199) with 0.5% bovine serum albumin.
  • the plate is incubated at 37 °C. After 4 hours, the inserts are removed from the chambers and the cells that have migrated to the bottom chamber are counted by pipetting out 500 ⁇ l of the cell suspension from the lower chamber to 1.2 ml Cluster tubes (Costar) and counting them on a FACS for 30 seconds.
  • Cluster tubes Costar
  • Endothelial cells are cultured on 6.5 mm diameter Biocoat.RTM. Transwell tissue culture inserts (Costar Corp., Cambridge, Mass.) with a 3.0 ⁇ M pore size.
  • Culture media for ECV 304 cells consists of M199, 10% Fetal Calf Serum, L-glutamine and antibiotics.
  • Assay media consists of equal parts RPMI 1640 and M199, with 0.5% BSA. 24 hours before the assay 2xl0 5 ECV 304 cells are plated on each insert of the 24-well chemotaxis plate and incubated at 37 X. 20 nM of eotaxin diluted in assay medium is added to the bottom chamber. The final volume in bottom chamber is 600 ⁇ l.
  • the endothelial coated tissue culture inserts are inserted into each well. 10 eosinophil cells suspended in 100 ⁇ l assay buffer are added to the top chamber. Test compounds dissolved in DMSO are added to both top and bottom chambers such that the final DMSO volume in each well was 0.5%. T he assay is performed against two sets of controls. The positive control contains cells in the top chamber and eotaxin in the lower chamber. The negative control contains cells in the top chamber and only assay buffer in the lower chamber. The plates are incubated at 37 °C. in 5% CO 2 /95% air for 1-1.5 hours.
  • the cells that migrate to the bottom chamber are counted using flow cytometry.
  • 500 ⁇ l of the cell suspension from the lower chamber are placed in a tube, and relative cell counts are obtained by acquiring events for a set time period of 30 seconds.
  • Example 48 Inhibition of Eosinophil Influx Into the Lungs of Ovalbumin Sensitized Balb/c Mice by CCR-3 Antagonist-In Vivo Assay
  • the ability of the compounds of the invention to inhibit leukocyte infiltration into the lungs can be determined by measuring the inhibition of eosinophil accumulation into the bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of Ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized balb/c mice after antigen challenge by aerosol.
  • BAL bronchioalveolar lavage
  • OA Ovalbumin
  • male balb/c mice weighing 20-25g are sensitized with OA (10 ⁇ g in 0.2 ml aluminum hydroxide solution) intraperitoneally on days 1 and 14. After a week, the mice are divided into ten groups. Test compound or only vehicle (control group) or anti-eotaxin antibody (positive control group) is administered either intraperitoneally, subcutaneously or orally.
  • mice After 1 hour, the mice are placed in a Plexiglass box and exposed to OA aerosol generated by a PARISTAR.TM. nebulizer (PARI, Richmond, Va.) for 20 minutes. Mice which have not been sensitized or challenged are included as a negative control. After 24 or 72 hours, the mice are anesthetized (urethane, approx. 1 g/kg, i.p.), a tracheal cannula (PE 60 tubing) is inserted and the lungs are lavaged four times with 0.3 ml PBS. The BAL fluid is transferred into plastic tubes and kept on ice. Total leukocytes in a 20 ⁇ l aliquot of the BAL fluid is determined by Coulter Counter .TM. (Coulter, Miami, Fla.). Differential leukocyte counts are made on Cytospin.TM. preparations which have been stained with a modified Wright's stain (DiffQuick.TM.) by light microscopy using standard morphological criteria.

Abstract

The invention relates to compounds of Formula (I), wherein R1 R5, A, L, and X are as defined in the specification. The compounds are useful as CCR-3 receptor antagonists, and therefore, may be used for treatment of CCR-3 mediated diseases.

Description

N-UREIDO-PIPERIDINES AS ANTAGONISTS VI II FOR CCR-3 RECEPTOR
This invention relates to piperidine derivatives that are CCR-3 receptor antagonists, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, their use, and methods for preparing them.
Tissue eosinophilia is a feature of a number of pathological conditions such as asthma, rhinitis, eczema and parasitic infections (see Bousquet, J. et al., N. Eng. J. Med. 323: 1033-1039 (1990) and Kay, A. B. and Corrigan, C. J., Br. Med. Bull. 48:51-64 (1992)). In asthma, eosinophil accumulation and activation are associated with damage to bronchial epithelium and hyperresponsiveness to constrictor mediators. Chemokines such as RANTES, eotaxin and MCP-3 are known to activate eosinophils (see Baggiolini, M. and Dahinden, C. A., Immunol. Today. 15:127-133 (1994), Rot, A. M. et al., J. Exp. Med. 176, 1489-1495 (1992) and Ponath, P. D. et al., J. Clin. Invest., Vol. 97, #3, 604-612 (1996)). However, unlike RANTES and MCP-3 which also induce the migration of other leukocyte cell types, eotaxin is selectively chemotactic for eosinophils (see Griffith- Johnson, D. A. et al., Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun. 197:1167 (1993) and Jose, P. J. et al., Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun. 207, 788 (1994)). Specific eosinophil accumulation was observed at the site of administration of eotaxin whether by intradermal or intraperitoneal injection or aerosol inhalation (see Griffith-Johnson, D. A. et al., Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun. 197:1167 (1993); Jose, P. J. et al., J. Exp. Med. 179, 881-887 (1994); Rothenberg, M. E. et al., J. Exp. Med. 181, 1211 (1995) and Ponath, P. D., J. Clin. Invest., Vol. 97, #3, 604-612 (1996)).
Glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone, methprednisolone and hydrocortisone have been used for treating many eosinophil-related disorders, including bronchial asthma (R. P. Schleimer et al., Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 141, 559 (1990)). The glucocorticoids are believed to inhibit IL-5 and IL-3 mediated eosinophil survival in these diseases. However, prolonged use of glucocorticoids can lead to side effects such as glaucoma, osteoporosis and growth retardation in the patients (see Hanania, N. A. et al., J. Allergy and Clin. Immunol., Vol. 96, 571-579 (1995) and Saha, M. T. et al., Acta Paediatrica, Vol. 86, #2, 138-142 (1997)). It is therefore desirable to have an alternative means of treating eosinophil related diseases without incurring these undesirable side effects.
Recently, the CCR-3 receptor was identified as a major chemokine receptor that eosinophils use for their response to eotaxin, RANTES and MCP-3. When transfected into a murine pre-beta. lymphoma line, CCR-3 bound eotaxin, RANTES and MCP-3 conferred chemotactic responses on these cells to eotaxin, RANTES and MCP-3 (see Ponath, P. D. et al., J. Exp. Med. 183, 2437-2448 (1996)). The CCR-3 receptor is expressed on the surface of eosinophils, T-cells (subtype Th-2), basophils and mast cells and is highly selective for eotaxin. Studies have shown that pretreatment of eosinophils with an anti-CCR-3 mAb completely inhibits eosinophil chemotaxis to eotaxin, RANTES and MCP-3 (see Heath, H. et al, J. Clin. Invest., Vol. 99, #2, 178-184 (1997)). Applicants' issued U.S. patents U.S. Patent Nos. 6,140,344 and 6,166,015 and published EP application EP903349, published March 24, 1999 disclose CCR-3 antagonists that inhibit eosinophilic recruitment by chemokine such as eotaxin.
Therefore, blocking the ability of the CCR-3 receptor to bind RANTES, MCP-3 and eotaxin and thereby preventing the recruitment of eosinophils should provide for the treatment of eosinophil-mediated inflammatory diseases.
The present invention concerns novel piperidine derivatives which are capable of inhibiting the binding of eotaxin to the CCR-3 receptor and thereby provide a means of combating eosinophil induced diseases, such as asthma.
In a first aspect, this invention provides a compound of Formula (I):
Figure imgf000003_0001
(I)
wherein:
R1 is (CrC2)alkylene;
R is optionally substituted phenyl;
R is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, aryl, or arylalkyl; ring A is a cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or optionally substituted phenyl;
L is -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -SO2-,
Figure imgf000004_0001
-C(=S) N(Ra)-, -SO2 N(Ra)-, -C(=O)O-, -C(=S)O-, -S(=O)2O-;
where Ra is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyloxycarbonyl;
X is absent, -(CR'R")O-, -(CR'R")S-,-(CR>R")NRb- or alkylene;
where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl, and R is hydrogen or alkyl;
R4 is aryl or heteroaryl; and
R5 is hydrogen or alkyl;
provided that when R1 is -CH2-, R is phenyl, R3 is hydrogen, R5 is hydrogen, A is phenyl, L is -C(=O)NH- and X is absent, then R4 is not 2,5-difluorophenyl; or
prodrugs, individual isomers, ramecic and non-racemic mixtures of isomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Also, within the compounds as defined above [they will be referred to in the following under (i)], preferred are the following compounds:
(ii) The compound of (i), which is a compound of Formula (II):
Figure imgf000004_0002
(ID
wherein R'-R5, A, L, and X are as defined in (i).
(iii) The compound of (i), which is a compound of Formula (III):
Figure imgf000005_0001
(HI)
wherein R'-R5, A, L, and X are as defined in (i).
(iv) The compound of any one of (i) to (iii) wherein R1 is methylene.
(v) The compound of any one of (i) to (iii) wherein R ι 2 i •s 4-chlorophenyl or 3,4- dichlorophenyl.
(vi) The compound of any one of (i) to (iii) wherein R is hydrogen.
(vii) The compound of any one of (i) to (iii) wherein L is -C(=O)-, -SO2-> -C(=O)N(Ra)-, -C(=S)N(Ra)-> or -C(=O)O-.
(viii) The compound of (vii) wherein L is -C(=O)-.
(ix) The compound of (i), which is a compound of Formula (IV):
Figure imgf000005_0002
(IV)
wherein R3, R4, A, L, and X are as defined in (i).
(x) The compound of (i), which is a compound of Formula (VI):
Figure imgf000006_0001
(VI)
wherein X and R4 are as defined in (i).
(xi) The compound of (vii) wherein X is absent, methylene, 1,2-ethanediyl, 1,3- propanediyl, or 1,4-butanediyl.
(xii) The compound of (xi) wherein R4 is 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-methanesulfonylphenyl, 3-methanesulfonylphenyl, 4-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl, 5-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-ethylphenyl, 3- methoxyphenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4- fluorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 4-carbamoylphenyl, 3-carbamoylphenyl, 4-acetylphenyl, 4- nitrophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,5- dimethoxyphenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 4-chloro-3- nitrophenyl, 2-nitrophenyl, 2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3- chlorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 2-trifluoromethylphenyl, 2- methoxyphenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3,5- bis-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-fert-butylphenyl, 4-ethoxyphenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 4- cyanophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 3-nitrophenyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 4-iodophenyl, 4- isopropylphenyl, 3-methoxycarbonylphenyl, 3-acetylphenyl, 2-methylphenyl, indol-2-yl, 5-methoxyindol-2-yl, 5-chloroindol-2-yl, 2-methoxycarbonylphenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 1-naphthyl, 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl, 2,5-dimethylphenyl, 2-thienyl, 3-ethoxyphenyl, 3- isoquinolyl, 2-methylquinolin-6-yl, 3-methylaminophenyl, 3-quinolyl, 2-quinolyl, 5- hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl, 8-hydroxyquinolin-2-yl, 5,7-dimethyl-[l,8]naphthyridin-2-yl, 6- quinolyl, 3-(acetylamino)phenyl, or 2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl.
(xiii) The compound of (xii) wherein R is 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-acetyl-phenyl, 3- carbamoylphenyl, 4-carbamoylphenyl, 3-methanesulfonylphenyl or 4-methanesulfonylphenyl. (xiv) The compound of (viii), wherein X is -CH2S- and R4 is 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)- pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl or 5-(4- methoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, and a salt thereof.
(xv) The compound of (i), wherein ring A is cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl or substituted phenyl.
(xvi) The compound of (xv), wherein ring A is cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl.
(xvii) The compound of (i), wherein R2 is substituted phenyl.
In a second aspect, this invention provides pharmaceutical compositions containing a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
In a third aspect, this invention provides processes disclosed herein for preparing compounds of Formula (I).
In a forth aspect, this invention provides novel intermediates disclosed herein that are useful for preparing compounds of Formula (I).
In a fifth aspect, this invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in medical therapy or diagnosis (e.g. for treating asthma).
In a sixth aspect, this invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the manufacture of a medicament useful for treating a disease in a mammal treatable by administration of a CCR-3 receptor antagonist (e.g. asthma).
Unless otherwise stated, the following terms used in the specification and claims have the meanings given below.
"Acyl" means a radical -C(O)R, where R is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, phenyl or phenylalkyl wherein alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and phenylalkyl are as defined herein. Representative examples include, but are not limited to formyl, acetyl, cyclohexylcarbonyl, cyclohexylmethylcarbonyl, benzoyl, benzylcarbonyl.
"Acylalkyl" means a radical -alkylene-C(O)R where R is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, benzyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monoalkylamino or dialkylamino. Representative examples include methylcarbonyl- methyl, 2-(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl, 2-(methoxycarbonyl)ethyl, 2-carboxyethyl.
"Acylamino" means a radical -NR'C(O)R, where R' is hydrogen or alkyl, and R is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, phenyl or phenylalkyl wherein alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, and phenylalkyl are as defined herein. Representative examples include, but are not limited to formylamino, acetylamino, cylcohexylcarbonylamino, cyclohexylmethyl-carbonylamino, benzoylamino, benzylcarbonylamino.
"Alkoxy " means a radical -OR where R is an alkyl as defined herein e.g., methoxy, efhoxy, propoxy, butoxy.
"Alkoxycarbonyl" means a radical -C(O)-R where R is alkoxy as defined herein.
"Alkenyl" means a linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of two to six carbon atoms or a branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, containing at least one double bond, e.g., ethenyl, propenyl.
"Alkyl" means a linear saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of one to six carbon atoms or a branched saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, 2-propyl, n-butyl, j'so-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl.
"Alkylamino" or "Monoalkylamino" means a radical -NHR where R represents an alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl group as defined herein. Representative examples include, but are not limited to methylamino, ethylamino, isopropylamino, cyclohexylamino.
"Alkylene" means a linear saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of one to six carbon atoms or a branched saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, e.g., methylene, ethylene, 2,2-dimethylethylene, propylene, 2-mefhylpropylene, butylene, pentylene. "Alkynyl" means a linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical of two to six carbon atoms or a branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, containing at least one triple bond, e.g., ethynyl, propynyl.
"Alkylsulfonyl" means a radical -S(O)2R where R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl group as defined herein, e.g., methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, propylsulfonyl, butylsulfonyl, cyclohexylsulfonyl. "Alkylsulfinyl" means a radical -S(O)R where R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl group as defined herein e.g., methylsulfinyl, efhylsulfinyl, propylsulfinyl, butylsulfinyl, cyclohexylsulfinyl.
"Alkylthio " means a radical -SR where R is an alkyl as defined above e.g., methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, butylthio.
"Aryl" means a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical of preferably 6 to 10 ring atoms which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, preferably one, two or three, substituents preferably selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, -SO2NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy. More specifically the term aryl includes, but is not limited to, phenyl, chlorophenyl, fluorophenyl, methoxyphenyl, 1- naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, and the derivatives thereof.
"Arylene" means a divalent aryl group as defined above.
"Arylalkyl" refers to an alkyl radical as defined herein in which one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced with an aryl group. Typical arylalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, benzyl, 2-phenylethan- l-yl, naphthylmethyl, 2-naphthylethan-l-yl, naphthobenzyl, 2-naphthophenylethan-l-yl.
"Aryloxy" means a radical -O-R where R is an aryl group as defined herein.
"Carbamoyl" means the radical -C(=O)NH2.
"Cycloalkyl" refers to a saturated monovalent cyclic hydrocarbon radical of three to seven ring carbons e.g., cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl. x y x V
"Cycloalkyl-alkyl" means a radical -R R where R is an alkylene group and R is cycloalkyl group as defined herein, e.g., cyclohexylmefhyl.
"Dialkylamino" means a radical -NRR' where R and R' independently represent an alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl group as defined herein. Representative examples include, but are not limited to dimethylamino, me hylethylamino, di( l-methylethyl)amino, (cyclohexyl)(methyl)amino, (cyclohexyl)(ethyl)amino, (cyclohexyl) (propyl)amino, (cyclohexylmethyl)(mefhyl)amino, (cyclohexylmethyl)(ethyl)amino.
"Halo" means fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo, preferably fluoro and chloro. "Haloalkyl" means alkyl substituted with one or more same or different halo atoms, e.g., -CH2α, -CF3, -CH2CF3) -CH2CC13.
"Heteroaryl" means a monocyclic or bicyclic radical of 5 to 12 ring atoms having at least one aromatic ring containing one, two, or three ring heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S, the remaining ring atoms being C, with the understanding that the attachment point of the heteroaryl radical will be on an aromatic ring. The heteroaryl ring is optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents, preferably one or two substituents, selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, -SO2NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy or optionally substituted phenyl. More specifically the term heteroaryl includes, but is not limited to, pyridyl, furanyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, triazolyl, imidazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrimidinyl, 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(4- methoxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, benzofuranyl, tetrahydrobenzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzotriazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzoxazolyl, quinolyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, isoquinolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl or benzothienyl and derivatives thereof.
"Heteroarylene" means a divalent heteroaryl group as defined above.
"Heteroarylalkyl" means an alkyl radical as defined herein in which one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced with a heteroaryl group.
"Heteroalkyl" means an alkyl radical as defined herein wherein one, two or three hydrogen atoms have been replaced with a substituent independently selected from the group consisting of -ORd, -NR Rc, and -S(O)nR (where n is an integer from 0 to 2), with the understanding that the point of attachment of the heteroalkyl radical is through a carbon atom, wherein Rd is hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl; R and Rc are independently of each other hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl; when n is 0, Rd is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl, and when n is 1 or 2, R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, amino, acylamino, monoalkylamino, or dialkylamino;. Representative examples include, but are not limited to, 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxy-l-hydroxymethylefhyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 1-hydroxymethyl ethyl, 3- hydroxybutyl, 2,3-dihydroxybutyl, 2-hydroxy-l-mefhylpropyl, 2-aminoethyl, 3- aminopropyl, 2-methylsulfonylethyl, aminosulfonylmethyl, aminosulfonylethyl, aminosulfonylpropyl, methylaminosulfonylmethyl, methylaminosulfonylethyl, methylaminosulfonylpropyl.
"Heterocyclyl" means a saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic cyclic radical of 3 to 8 ring atoms in which one or two ring atoms are heteroatoms selected from NRX {wherein each Rx is independently hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, (alkylamino)sulfonyl, (dialkylamino)sulfonyl, carbamoyl, (alkylamino)carbonyl, (dialkylamino)carbonyl, (carbamoyl)alkyl, (alkylamino)carbonylalkyl, or dialkylaminocarbonylalkyl}, O, or S(O)n (where n is an integer from 0 to 2), the remaining ring atoms being C. The heterocyclyl ring may be optionally substituted independently with one, two, or three substituents selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, heteroalkyl, halo, nitro, cyanoalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, arylalkyl, -(X)n- C(O)R (where X is O or NR\ n is 0 or 1, R is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or optionally substituted phenyl, and R' is hydrogen or alkyl), -alkylene-C(O)R (where R is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or optionally substituted phenyl) or -S(O)nR (where n is an integer from 0 to 2, and R is hydrogen (provided that n is 0), alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, or hydroxyalkyl). More specifically the term heterocyclyl includes, but is not limited to, tetrahydropyranyl, piperidino, N-methylpiperidin-3-yl, piperazino, N-methylpyrrolidin-3- yl, 3-pyrrolidino, morpholino, thiomorpholino, thiomorpholino-1 -oxide, thiomorpholino-l,l-dioxide,tetrahydrothiophenyl-S,S-dioxide, pyrrolinyl, imidazolinyl, and the derivatives thereof.
"Hydroxyalkyl" means an alkyl radical as defined herein, substituted with one or more, preferably one, two or three hydroxy groups, provided that the same carbon atom does not carry more than one hydroxy group. Representative examples include, but are not limited to, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, l-(hydroxymethyl)-2- mefhylpropyl, 2-hydroxybutyl, 3-hydroxybutyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 2- hydroxy-1-hydroxymethylethyl, 2,3-dihydroxybutyl, 3,4-dihydroxybutyl and 2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, preferably 2-hydroxyethyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl and l-(hydroxymethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl. Accordingly, as used herein, the term "hydroxyalkyl" is used to define a subset of heteroalkyl groups.
"Leaving group" has the meaning conventionally associated with it in synthetic organic chemistry, i.e., an atom or a group capable of being displaced by a nucleophile and includes halo (such as chloro, bromo, and iodo), alkanesulfonyloxy, arenesulfonyloxy, alkylcarbonyloxy (e.g., acetoxy), arylcarbonyloxy, mesyloxy, tosyloxy, trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy, aryloxy (e.g., 2,4-dinitrophenoxy), methoxy, N,O- dimethylhydroxylamino.
"Optionally substituted phenyl" means a phenyl group which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, preferably one, two or three, substituents preferably selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, -SO2NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl), alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy. More specifically the term includes, but is not limited to, phenyl, chlorophenyl, fluorophenyl, bromophenyl, methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, methoxyphenyl, cyanophenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl, 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl or 3,4-dichlorophenyl and the derivatives thereof.
"Optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may but need not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instances in which it does not. For example, "aryl group optionally mono- or di-substituted with an alkyl group" means that the alkyl may but need not be present, and the description includes situations where the aryl group is mono- or disubstituted with an alkyl group and situations where the aryl group is not substituted with the alkyl group.
"Pharmaceutically acceptable excipient" means an excipient that is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is generally safe, non-toxic and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable, and includes excipient that is acceptable for veterinary use as well as human pharmaceutical use. A "pharmaceutically acceptable excipient" as used in the specification and claims includes both one and more than one such excipient.
"Pharmaceutically acceptable salt" of a compound means a salt that is pharmaceutically acceptable and that possesses the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound. Such salts include: (1) acid addition salts, formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3- (4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethane-disulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4- toluenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, 4-methylbicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene-l-carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid, muconic acid, and the like; or (2) salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound either is replaced by a metal ion, e.g., an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth ion, or an aluminum ion; or coordinates with an organic base such as efhanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, tromethamine, N-methylglucamine.
"Phenylalkyl" refers to an alkyl radical as defined herein in which one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl radical has been replaced by an optionally substituted phenyl.
"Protecting group" refers to a grouping of atoms that when attached to a reactive group in a molecule masks, reduces or prevents that reactivity. Examples of protecting groups can be found in T.W. Green and P.G. Futs, Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry, (Wiley, 2nd ed. 1991) and Harrison and Harrison et al., Compendium of Synthetic Organic Methods, Vols. 1-8 (John Wiley and Sons, 1971-1996). Representative amino protecting groups include, formyl, acetyl, trifluoroacetyl, benzyl, benzyloxycarbonyl (CBZ), ter -butoxycarbonyl (Boc), trimethyl silyl (TMS), 2-trimethylsilyl-ethanesulfonyl (SES), trityl and substituted trityl groups, allyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (FMOC), nitro-veratryloxycarbonyl (NVOC). Representative hydroxy protecting groups include those where the hydroxy group is either acylated or alkylated such as benzyl, and trityl ethers as well as alkyl ethers, tetrahydropyranyl ethers, trialkylsilyl ethers and allyl ethers.
"Treating" or "treatment" of a disease includes: (1) preventing the disease, i.e., causing the clinical symptoms of the disease not to develop in a mammal that maybe exposed to or predisposed to the disease but does not yet experience or display symptoms of the disease; (2) inhibiting the disease, i.e., arresting or reducing the development of the disease or its clinical symptoms; or (3) relieving the disease, i.e., causing regression of the disease or its clinical symptoms.
"A therapeutically effective amount" means the amount of a compound that, when administered to a mammal for treating a disease, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the disease. The "therapeutically effective amount" will vary depending on the compound, the disease and its severity and the age, weight, etc., of the mammal to be treated.
"Prodrugs" means any compound which releases an active parent drug according to Formula I in vivo when such a prodrug is administered to a mammalian subject. Prodrugs of a compound of Formula I are prepared by modifying functional groups present in the compound of Formula I in such a way that the modifications maybe cleaved in vivo to release the parent compound. Prodrugs include compounds of Formula I wherein a hydroxy, amino, or sulfhydryl group in a compound of Formula I is bonded to any group that may be cleaved in vivo to regenerate the free hydroxyl, amino, or sulfhydryl group, respectively. Examples of prodrugs include, but are not limited to esters (e.g., acetate, formate, and benzoate derivatives), carbamates (e.g., N,N-dimefhylaminocarbonyl) of hydroxy functional groups in compounds of Formula I.
Compounds that have the same molecular Formula but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed "isomers." Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed "stereoisomers". Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another are termed "diastereomers" and those that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are termed "enantiomers". When a compound has an asymmetric center, for example, if a carbon atom is bonded to four different groups, a pair of enantiomers is possible. An enantiomer can be characterized by the absolute configuration of its asymmetric center and is described by the R- and S-sequencing rules of Cahn and Prelog, or by the manner in which the molecule rotates the plane of polarized light and designated as dextrorotatory or levorotatory (i.e., as (+) or (-)-isomers respectively). A chiral compound can exist as either individual enantiomer or as a mixture thereof. A mixture containing equal proportions of the enantiomers is called a "racemic mixture".
The compounds of this invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof. Unless indicated otherwise, the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers and mixtures, racemic or otherwise, thereof. The methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well-known in the art (see discussion in Chapter 4 of "Advanced Organic Chemistry", 4th edition J. March, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1992). The nomenclature used in this application is generally based on the IUPAC recommendations. For example, a compound of Formula (I) wherein Ri is methylene; R2 is 4-chlorophenyl; L is C(=O)NH; X is absent; A is cyclopentyl; R3 is hydrogen; and R is 2-quinolyl (Compound 1 in Table 1), is named (±)- trans- l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]cyclopentyl}-3-quinolin-2-yl-urea.
Representative compounds of Formula (I) are shown in the following table.
Table I
Figure imgf000015_0001
Figure imgf000016_0001
While the broadest definition of this invention is described before, certain compounds of Formula (I) are preferred.
A preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R1 is methylene.
One aspect of the invention relates to compounds of Formula (I) where ring A is cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl or substituted phenyl. Another preferred compound of the invention are compounds of Formula (I) wherein ring A is cyclopentyl. Compounds where ring A is cyclopentyl are bind unexpectedly potently to the CCR-3 receptor. Other preferred compounds of the invention are compounds of Formula (I) wherein ring A is heterocyclyl (particularly tetrahydropyranyl, S,S-dioxo-tetrahydothiophenyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl or pyrrolidinyl) or compounds of Formula (I) wherein ring A is substituted phenyl.
A preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R2 is phenyl ring substituted with one, or two substituents selected from alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, halo, cyano or nitro; preferably methyl, ethyl, methoxy, trifluoromefhyl, chloro, fluoro or bromo; most preferably 4-nitrophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3,4- difluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl, 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl, 3- chloro-4-fluorophenyl or 3,4-dichlorophenyl. Particularly preferred are 4-chlorophenyl or 3,4-dichlorophenyl.
A preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R3 is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.
A preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein L is - C(=O)-, -SO2-, -C(=O)N(Ra)-, -C(=S)N(Ra)-, or -C(=O)O-. More preferred are compounds where L is -C(=O)-, -C(=O)N(Ra)-, most preferably -C(=O)N(Ra)-. In the preceding Ra is preferably hydrogen or methyl, most preferably hydrogen.
A preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein X is absent, methylene, 1,2-ethanediyl, 1,3-propanediyl, or 1,4-butanediyl.
A preferred compound of the invention is a compound of Formula (I) wherein R is optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl wherein the heteroaryl ring is indolyl, thienyl, quinolinyl, substituted pyrimidin-2-yl, e.g. (5-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl or 5-(4- methoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl) or 1,8-naphthyridinyl. Preferably R4 is selected from 3,4- dichlorophenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl, 3- methanesulfonylphenyl, 4-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl, 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin- 2-yl, phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-ethylphenyl, 3 -methoxyphenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 4- carboxamidophenyl, 4-acetylphenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 2-chloro-4- fluorophenyl, 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl,
2,4-dichlorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl, 2-nitrophenyl, 2-nitro-4- trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 2-trifluoromethylphenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3- trifluoromefhylphenyl, 3,5-bis-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-fert-butylphenyl, 4-ethoxyphenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 3-nitrophenyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 4- iodophenyl, 4-isopropylphenyl, 3-methoxycarbonylphenyl, 3-acetylphenyl, 2- methylphenyl, indol-2-yl, 5-methoxyindol-2-yl, 5-chloroindol-2-yl, 2- methoxycarbonylphenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 1-naphthyl, 3-chloro-2-mefhylphenyl, 2,5- dimethylphenyl, 2-thienyl, 3-ethoxyphenyl, 3-isoquinolyl, 2-methylquinolin-6-yl, 3- methylaminophenyl, 3-quinolyl, 2-quinolyl, 5-hydroxynaphfhalen-2-yl, 8- hydroxyquinolin-2-yl, 5,7-dimethyl-[ l,8]naphthyridin-2-yl, 6-quinolyl, 3- (acetylamino)phenyl, or 2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl. Particularly preferred are R4 being trimethoxyphenyl, e.g 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-acetyl-phenyl, 4-carboxamido-phenyl and 4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl.
Also preferred are compounds where X is -CH2S-, -CH2O-, -CH2CH2- and R4 is heteroaryl, preferably optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl or thienyl. Particularly preferred are compounds where X is -CH2S- and R4 is 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)- pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-(4- methoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl
A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of Formula (II):
Figure imgf000018_0001
wherein R'-R5, A, L, and X have any of the values described herein.
A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of Formula (III):
Figure imgf000018_0002
wherein R ι l - rR> 5 , A, L, and X have any of the values described herein. A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (IV):
Figure imgf000019_0001
wherein R , R , A, L, and X have any of the values described herein.
A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (V):
Figure imgf000019_0002
wherein X and R4 have any of the values defined herein.
A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (VI):
Figure imgf000019_0003
wherein X and R4 have any of the values defined herein.
A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (VII):
Figure imgf000020_0001
wherein X and R4 have any of the values defined herein.
A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (VIII):
Figure imgf000020_0002
wherein X and R4 have any of the values defined herein; and Rx is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, (alkylamino)sulfonyl, (dialkylamino)sulfonyl, carbamoyl, (alkylamino)carbonyl, (dialkylamino)carbonyl, (carbamoyl)alkyl, (alkylamino)carbonylalkyl, or dialkylaminocarbonylalkyl.
A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (IX):
Figure imgf000020_0003
wherein X and R have any of the values defined herein.
A specific compound of Formula (I) is a compound of formula (X):
Figure imgf000021_0001
wherein X and R4 have any of the values defined herein.
A particularly preferred compound of the invention is:
trans- l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy- phenyl) urea hydrochloride;
trans- 1- {4- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidin-l-yl]-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5- trimethoxy-phenyl)urea;
(±)-l-{(JΛ,2Λ,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-hydroxy-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea;
(±)-l-{(lΛ,2Λ,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-
4-hydroxymethyl-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea; and
(±)-l-{(lΛ,2Λ,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-methoxymethyl-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea
or prodrugs, individual isomers, racemic and non-racemic mixtures of isomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
The compounds of the invention are CCR-3 receptor antagonists and inhibit eosinophil recruitment by CCR-3 chemokines such as RANTES, eotaxin, MCP-2, MCP-3 and MCP-4. Compounds of this invention and compositions containing them are useful in the treatment of eosiniphil-induced diseases such as inflammatory or allergic diseases and including respiratory allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, hypersensitivity lung diseases, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, eosinophilic pneumonias (e.g., chronic eosinophilic pneumonia); inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis); and psoriasis and inflammatory dermatoses such as dermatitis and eczema. The CCR-3 antagonistic activity of the compounds of this invention can be measured by in vitro assays such as ligand binding and chemotaxis assays as described in more detail in Examples 45, 46, and 47. In vivo activity was assayed in the Ovalbumin induced Asthma in Balb/c Mice Model as described in more detail in Example 48.
In general, the compounds of this invention can be administered in a therapeutically effective amount by any of the accepted modes of administration for agents that serve similar utilities. The actual amount of the compound of this invention, i.e., the active ingredient, will depend upon numerous factors such as the severity of the disease to be treated, the age and relative health of the subject, the potency of the compound used, the route and form of administration, and other factors.
Therapeutically effective amounts of compounds of Formula (I) may range from approximately 0.01-20 mg per kilogram body weight of the recipient per day; preferably about 0.1-10 mg/kg/day. Thus, for administration to a 70 kg person, the dosage range would most preferably be about 7 mg to 0.7 g per day.
In general, compounds of this invention will be administered as pharmaceutical compositions by any one of the following routes: oral, transdermal, inhalation (e.g., intranasal or oral inhalation) or parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous) administration. A preferred manner of administration is oral using a convenient daily dosage regimen which can be adjusted according to the degree of affliction. Compositions can take the form of tablets, pills, capsules, semisolids, powders, sustained release formulations, solutions, suspensions, liposomes, elixirs, or any other appropriate compositions. Another preferred manner for administering compounds of this invention is inhalation. This is an effective means for delivering a therapeutic agent directly to the respiratory tract for the treatment of diseases such as asthma and other similar or related respiratory tract disorders (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,607,915).
The choice of formulation depends on various factors such as the mode of drug administration and the bioavailability of the drug substance. For delivery via inhalation the compound can be formulated as liquid solutions or suspensions, aerosol propellants or dry powder and loaded into a suitable dispenser for administration. There are three types of pharmaceutical inhalation devices--nebulizer inhalers, metered-dose inhalers (MDI) and dry powder inhalers (DPI). Nebulizer devices produce a stream of high velocity air that causes the therapeutic agents (which has been formulated in a liquid form) to spray as a mist which is carried into the patient's respiratory tract. MDI's typically have the formulation packaged with a compressed gas. Upon actuation, the device discharges a measured amount of therapeutic agent by compressed gas, thus affording a reliable method of administering a set amount of agent. DPI's administer therapeutic agents in the form of a free flowing powder that can be dispersed in the patient's inspiratory air-stream during breathing by the device. In order to achieve a free flowing powder, the therapeutic agent is formulated with an excipient, such as lactose. A measured amount of the therapeutic is stored in a capsule form and is dispensed to the patient with each actuation. Recently, pharmaceutical formulations have been developed especially for drugs that show poor bioavailability based upon the principle that bioavailability can be increased by increasing the surface area i.e., decreasing particle size. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,107,288 describes a pharmaceutical formulation having particles in the size range from 10 to 1,000 nm in which the active material is supported on a crosslinked matrix of macromolecules. U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,684 describes the production of a pharmaceutical formulation in which the drug substance is pulverized to nanoparticles (average particle size of 400 nm) in the presence of a surface modifier and then dispersed in a liquid medium to give a pharmaceutical formulation that exhibits remarkably high bioavailability.
The compositions are comprised of in general, a compound of Formula (I) in combination with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. Acceptable excipients are non-toxic, aid administration, and do not adversely affect the therapeutic benefit of the compound of Formula (I). Such excipient maybe any solid, liquid, semi- solid or, in the case of an aerosol composition, gaseous excipient that is generally available to one of skill in the art.
Solid pharmaceutical excipients include starch, cellulose, talc, glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, glycerol monostearate, sodium chloride, dried skim milk. Liquid and semisolid excipients may be selected from glycerol, propylene glycol, water, ethanol and various oils, including those of petroleum, animal, vegetable or synthetic origin, e.g., peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil, etc. Preferred liquid carriers, particularly for injectable solutions, include water, saline, aqueous dextrose, and glycols.
Compressed gases may be used to disperse a compound of this invention in aerosol form. Inert gases suitable for this purpose are nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.
For liposomal formulations of the drug for parenteral or oral delivery the drug and the lipids are dissolved in a suitable organic solvent e.g. tert-butanol, cyclohexane (1% ethanol). The solution is lyopholized and the lipid mixture is suspended in an aqueous buffer and allowed to form a liposome. If necessary, the liposome size can be reduced by sonification. (see, Frank Szoka, Jr. and Demetrios Papahadjopoulos, "Comparative Properties and Methods of Preparation of Lipid Vesicles (Liposomes)", Ann. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng., 9:467-508 (1980), and D. D. Lasic, "Novel Applications of Liposomes", Trends in Biotech., 16:467-608, (1998)).
Other suitable pharmaceutical excipients and their formulations are described in
Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, edited by E. W. Martin (Mack Publishing Company, 18th ed., 1990).
The level of the compound in a formulation can vary within the full range employed by those skilled in the art. Typically, the formulation will contain, on a weight percent (wt %) basis, from about 0.01-99.99 wt % of a compound of Formula (I) based on the total formulation, with the balance being one or more suitable pharmaceutical excipients.
Preferably, the compound is present at a level of about 1-80 wt %. Representative pharmaceutical formulations containing a compound of Formula (I) are described in
Example 44.
The compounds of the present invention can be prepared in a number of ways known to one skilled in the art. Preferred methods include, but are not limited to, the general synthetic procedures described below.
The starting materials and reagents used in preparing these compounds are either available from commercial suppliers such as Aldrich Chemical Co., (Milwaukee, Wis., USA), Bachem (Torrance, Calif., USA), Enika Chemie, or Sigma (St. Louis, Mo., USA), Maybridge (Dist: Ryan Scientific, P.O. Box 6496, Columbia, S.C. 92960), Bionet Research Ltd., (Cornwall PL32 9QZ, UK), Menai Organics Ltd., (Gwynedd, N. Wales, UK), Butt Park Ltd., (Dist. Interchim, Montlucon Cedex, France) or are prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art following procedures set forth in references such as Fieser and Fieser's Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Volumes 1-17 (John Wiley and Sons, 1991); Rodd's Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, Volumes 1-5 and Supplemental (Elsevier Science Publishers, 1989), Organic Reactions, Volumes 1-40 (John Wiley and Sons, 1991), March's Advanced Organic Chemistry, (John Wiley and Sons, 1992), and Larock's Comprehensive Organic Transformations (VCH Publishers Inc., 1989). These schemes are merely illustrative of some methods by which the compounds of this invention can be synthesized, and various modifications to these schemes can be made and will be suggested to one skilled in the art having referred to this disclosure.
The starting materials and the intermediates of the reaction may be isolated and purified if desired using conventional techniques, including but not limited to filtration, distillation, crystallization, chromatography. Such materials may be characterized using conventional means, including physical constants and spectral data.
Synthesis of Compounds of Formula (I)
Compounds of Formula (I) are generally prepared from the precursor amine of Formula (la) as shown below.
Figure imgf000025_0001
la I Preparation of compounds of Formula (la) and their conversion to compounds of
Formula I is illustrated in the following Schemes 1-8.
Schemes 1-5 show methods of preparing compounds of Formula la having different rings A. Specific exemplification is provided for R -R being 4-chlorobenzyl in Preparations 1-6. Preparation of analogous compounds where R and R vary within the full scope of this invention may be readily prepared by one of skill in the art in light of this specification and incorporated references.
Scheme 1. Synthesis of Cyclobutylamines - Ring A - Phenyl.
BH3, THF, Δ H H, NNI N NRFL M H,lN, NR,
TMSO OT S - R2N■ ■■H■ X "γγm* t ' —r ' ♦ *— '
MeONH2-HCI ( χ = N0Me NaBH3(02CCF3) H2 NNR2
V " - ^
FLN = 4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)pιperιdιne HN— ^— Cl Scheme 2. Synthesis of Cis Diamines - Ring A = Cyclopentyl and Cyclohexyl.
Figure imgf000026_0001
n = 1 R2NH = 4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidine
Figure imgf000026_0002
Scheme 3. Synthesis of Trans Diamines - Ring A = Cycloalkyl, Tetrahydrofuranyl, Pyrrolidinyl or Tetrahydrothiophenyl.
Figure imgf000026_0003
General Procedure A: (Amine Alkylation with Epoxides)
A 0.5-1.5 M solution of the amine, R NH (1 equiv), and the specified epoxide, 3a (1.1-10 equiv) in EtOH is stirred at 80-95 °C for 2-4.5 days, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. The crude amino alcohol is purified by chromatography or recrystallization.
General Procedure B: (Amine Formation Using Methanesulfonyl Chloride and
Ammonium Hydroxide)
A 0.2-0.3 M solution of the amino alcohol (1 equiv) in CH2C12 at 0 °C is treated successively with Et3N (2 equiv) and MeSO2Cl (2 equiv), stirred at 0 °C for 1-2 hours, and partitioned between CH2CI2 and 10-15% NH4OH. The aqueous phase is extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts are dried and concentrated. A 0.13M solution of the residue in 2.5:1 dioxane:28-30 wt % NH4OH is stirred at 70-80 °C for 2.5-18 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. The residue is partitioned between EtOAc and 1 N NaOH, the aqueous phase is extracted with EtOAc, and the extracts are washed with brine, dried and concentrated. The crude product is purified by chromatography or used without further purification. Scheme 4. Synthesis of Sulfone - Ring A = Sulfolane (IS THIS CORRECT??).
B02CH R2
Figure imgf000027_0001
R2N eridine
Figure imgf000027_0002
Scheme 5. Synthesis of Aniline - Ring A = Phenyl.
Figure imgf000027_0003
pc062 pc063
R2NH = 4-(4-C lorobenzyl)piperidine
Schemes 6 and 7 show preparation of compounds of Formula la where ring A is substituted. Scheme 6 shows preparation of compounds of Formula la with a substituted cyclopentyl ring A. Scheme 7 shows preparation of compounds of Formula la with a substituted pyrrolidine ring A by treatment of the unsubstituted pyrrolidine 7a (R=H) with the appropriate reagent to produce the substituted pyrrolidine 7b.
Scheme 6. Synthesis of Cycloalkyl Derivatives.
Figure imgf000027_0004
R' = OTBS Λ HCI ( R' = CH2OTBS R' = OH A Y R' = CH2OH
R' = O e /lcH2N2Λ R' = CH2OMe Scheme 7. Synthesis of Pyrrolidine Derivatives.
R.
Figure imgf000028_0001
NR2 = 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)pιperιdιnyl
^.Cl
HN"^ ^^r Reagent R'
CH2CHS02Me (CH2)2S02Me
ICH2CONH2 CH2CONH2 R' = BOC Ac20 Ac HCl (^ R. = H CICOCH2C02Me, KOH C0CH2C02H
NaNCO CONH2
CICONMe2 CONMe2
MsCI Ms CIS02NHBOC; HCI S02NH2
CIS02NMe2 S02NMe2
Schemes 8 and 9 show methods of converting compounds of Formula (la) to compounds of Formula (I) where L and A are varied.
Scheme 8. Conversion of Primary Amines to Ureas and Benzamides.
Compounds of Formula (I) where L is -C(=O)NRa and X is absent are made as shown below in Scheme 8 (exemplified with R being 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) and General Procedures C and D. Compounds of Formula (I) where L is -C(=O)- and X is absent are made as shown below in Scheme 8 (exemplified with R4 being 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) and General Procedures E and F.
Figure imgf000028_0002
R2N = 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)pιperιdιnyl x= C, O, S(0)n, NR< HN where π= 0-2 and R> is as defined in the Heterocyclyl definition •c'x -x —r Cl
General Procedure C: (Urea Formation Using Isocyanates)
A 0.1-0.6 M solution of the amine (1 equiv) in CH2C12 or CH2C12 and DMF at 0-20 °C is treated with the specified isocyanate (1.1-2 equiv), stirred for 0.5-1.5 hours, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase is extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts are dried and concentrated. The crude urea is purified by column chromatography or preparative TLC or used in the next step without further purification. General Procedure D: (Urea Formation Using Isocyanates followed by salt formation)
A 0.1-0.6 M solution of the amine (1 equiv) in CH2C12 or CH2C12 and DMF at 0-20 °C is treated with the specified isocyanate (1.1-2 equiv), stirred for 0.5-1.5 hours, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase is extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts are dried and concentrated. The crude urea is purified by column chromatography or preparative TLC or used in the next step without further purification. A solution of the free base in CH2CI2 is treated with 1 N HCI in Et2θ and concentrated to give the hydrochloride salt.
General Procedure E: (Amide Formation Using 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole and l-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide Hydrochloride)
A 0.1-0.4 M solution of the amine (1 equiv) and the specified carboxylic acid (1.2-1.5 equiv) in CH2CI2 at 0 °C is treated successively with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBt) (0.2-0.5 equiv) and l-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (DEC) (1.3-2 equiv), stirred at 0-20 °C for 2-72 hours, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase is extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts are dried and concentrated. The crude amide is purified by column chromatography and/or preparative TLC.
General Procedure F: (Amide Formation Using 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole and l-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide Hydrochloride followed by salt formation)
A 0.1-0.4 M solution of the amine (1 equiv) and the specified carboxylic acid (1.2-1.5 equiv) in CH2C12 at 0 °C is treated successively with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBt) (0.2-0.5 equiv) and l-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (DEC) (1.3-2 equiv), stirred at 0-20 C for 2-72 hours, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase is extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts are dried and concentrated. The crude amide is purified by column chromatography and/or preparative TLC. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 is treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O and concentrated to provide the hydrochloride salt.
Scheme 9 and following procedures G-O describe the various methods used to convert compounds of Formula la to compounds of Formula I where L is varied. R4 Procedure G
Figure imgf000030_0001
0
Procedure H
0
Procedure 1
R< ΌH
Compound of + ^—^ Compound of Formula la Formula 1
Procedure J, K
N
I 1
R4
Procedure L,M
Figure imgf000030_0002
Procedure N
Figure imgf000030_0003
R"
0 0 ιfΥ"° 1 > Procedure 0 u 0
General Pr ocedure G (Parallel Svnt hesis of Sulfonamides)
A mixture of the requisite amine la (1 equiv), the appropriate sulfonyl chloride (1.5 equiv), and Amberlite IRA67 (2 equiv) in CH2C1 (2 ml) was rotated overnight. The mixture was treated with PS-trisamine (1.2 equiv) (Argonaut Technologies Inc., San
Carlos, CA, USA) and rotated overnight. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with CH2CI2, MeOH, and CH2C12. The filtrate was concentrated to give the product.
General Procedure H (Parallel Synthesis of Amides from Acid Chlorides) A mixture of the requisite amine la (1 equiv), the appropriate acid chloride (1.5 equiv), and Amberlite IRA67 (2 equiv) in CH2CI2 (2 ml) was rotated overnight. The mixture was treated with PS-trisamine (1.2 equiv) and MP-carbonate (2 equiv) (Argonaut Technologies, San Carlos, CA) and rotated overnight. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with CH2C12, MeOH, and CH2C12. The filtrate was concentrated to give the product. General Procedure I (Parallel Synthesis of Amides from Carboxylic Acids)
A mixture of the requisite amine la (1 equiv), the appropriate carboxylic acid (1.5 equiv), and PS-carobodiimide (2 equiv) (Argonaut Technologies Inc., San Carlos, CA,
USA) in CH2CI2 (2 ml) was rotated overnight. The mixture was treated with MP-carbonate (2 equiv) and rotated overnight. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with CH2CI2, MeOH, and CH2C12. The filtrate was concentrated to give the product.
General Procedure J (Parallel Synthesis of Ureas from Isocyanates and Purification by Parallel Chromatography) A mixture of the requisite amine la (1 equiv) and the appropriate isocyanate
(1.2 equiv) in CH2C12 (2 ml) was stirred overnight. The mixture was concentrated to give the crude product, which was purified by parallel chromatography using a step gradient
(2.5% MeOH/CH2Cl2, 10% MeOH/CH2Cl2).
General Procedure K (Parallel Synthesis of Ureas from Isocyanates and Purification by Catch and Release Scavenger)
A mixture of the requisite amine la (1 equiv) and the appropriate isocyanate
(1.2 equiv) in CH2C12 (2 ml) was stirred overnight. The mixture was treated with
MP-TsOH and rotated for 3 hours. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with
CH2C12, MeOH, and CH2C12. The solid was rotated with 2 M NH3 in MeOH for 2 hours. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with CH2CI2, MeOH, and CH2C12. The filtrate was concentrated to give the purified product.
General Procedure L (Parallel Synthesis of Ureas from Anilines using Phoxime Resin)
A mixture of the appropriate aniline (3 equiv) and Phoxime resin (1 equiv) in CH2C12 (2 ml) was rotated for 3 hours. If the aniline had not dissolved, triethylamine (3.5 equiv) was added. The mixture was rotated overnight. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with CH2C12, MeOH, CH2C12) MeOH, and CH2C12. A mixture of the solid and the requisite amine la (1.1 equiv) in CH2C12 (0.5 ml) and toluene (1.5 ml) were heated at 80 °C with shaking overnight and allowed to cool to room temperature. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with CH2C12, MeOH, and CH2C12. The filtrate was concentrated to give the product.
General Procedure M (Parallel Synthesis of Ureas from Anilines using Triphosgene)
A mixture of the appropriate aniline (1.2 equiv), triphosgene (0.4 equiv), and triethylamine (1.4 equiv) in CH2C12 was heated at 35 °C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the requisite amine la ( 1 equiv) was added. The mixture was stirred overnight, washed with H2O and brine, passed through Na2SO4, and concentrated to give crude product which was purified by parallel chromatography.
General Procedure N (Parallel Synthesis of Thioureas from Thioisocvanates)
A mixture of the requisite amine la (1 equiv) and the appropriate thioisocyanate (1.2 equiv) in CH2CI2 (2 ml) was stirred overnight. The mixture was treated with MP-TsOH and rotated for 3 hours. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with CH2CI2, MeOH, and CH2C12. The solid was rotated with 2 M NH3 in MeOH for 2 hours. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with CH2C12, MeOH, and CH2C12. The filtrate was concentrated to give the purified product.
General Procedure O (Parallel Synthesis of Carbamates)
A mixture of the requisite amine la (1 equiv) and the appropriate succinimide (1.5 equiv) in CH2C12 (2 ml) was stirred overnight. If the reaction was not complete, it was heated at 38 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was washed with H2O and brine, passed through Na2SO4 and concentrated to give the crude product which was purified via parallel purification (step gradient 5% MeOH/CH2Cl2, 10% MeOH/CH2Cl2).
EXPERIMENTAL SECTION
General
Unless otherwise noted, all non-aqueous reactions were run under a nitrogen atmosphere and Na2SO4 was used to dry all organic layers. Purifications were typically carried out by flash chromatography on silica gel (230-400 mesh) or preparative TLC on Uniplate Silica Gel GF PLC Plates (20 x 20 cm, 1000 microns) from Analtech, Inc., Newark, DE. Alumina used was basic with 6 wt % H2O (Brockmann III). Melting points taken in capillary tubes are uncorrected. IR spectra were determined in KBr. NMR spectra were run in CDC13, unless otherwise indicated. Η NMR spectra were recorded on 300 MHz instruments and 13C NMR spectra were recorded at 75.5 MHz. Mass spectral analyses were accomplished using electrospray ionization. Analytical reverse-phase HPLC was performed on Shimadzu system equipped with a diode array spectrometer (range 190-300 nm; Hewlett Packard). The stationary phase was a Zorbax SB-Phenyl Rapid Resolution column (4.6 mm x 50 mm; Hewlett Packard), mobile phase A was 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, and mobile phase B was CH3CN. A flow rate of 2.5 ml/min with a linear gradient of 20-55% B in 5 min and then 55-20% B in 5 min was employed. Other physical and analytical data were obtained by the physical and analytical chemistry group at Roche Bioscience. All parallel synthesis reactions were run in sealed tubes that were vented prior to rotated overnight. Amberlite IRA67 (Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, Wis., USA) was washed consecutively with CH2CI2, MeOH, CH2CI2, MeOH, CH2C12 and then dried under vacuum prior to use. All products derived from parallel synthesis reactions were characterized via HPLC-MS.
EXAMPLES
The following Preparations (1-6) are useful for preparing synthetic intermediates that can be used to prepare compounds of the invention, as described in the following Examples.
Preparation 1: Preparation of (±)-trα«s-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexylamine
Figure imgf000033_0001
Step A: Preparation of (±)-trøns-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyI)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclohexanol
Figure imgf000033_0002
Following Procedure A, 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (see Preparation 7) (52 mg,
0.25 mmol) was alkylated with 7-oxa-bicyclo [4.1.0] heptane (0.25 ml, 2.5 mmol) in EtOH (0.5 ml) at 80 °C for 3 days. Chromatography of the crude product with 90:9.5:0.5-80:19:1 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (68 mg, 88%) as a tan oil which solidified upon standing as a cream solid: mp 100-101.3 °C; IR 3379, 2929 cm"1; Η NMR δ 1.05-1.76 (m, 12H), 2.02 (dt, / = 2.4,11.6 Hz, IH), 2.06-2.20 (m, 2H), 2.49 (d, /= 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.51-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.79 (m, IH), 3.34 (m, IH), 4.05 (m, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m, 2H); MS m/z 308 (M + H)+. Anal. (C18H26ClNO) C, H, N. Step B: Preparation of (±)-tπms-2-f4-(4-chIorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclohexylamine
Figure imgf000034_0001
A solution of (±)-traπs-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclohexanol (390 mg, 1.27 mmol) in CH2C12 (6 ml) at 0 °C was treated successively with Et3N (350 μl, 2.53 mmol) and MeSO2Cl (194 μl, 2.53 mmol), stirred at 0 °C for 2 hours, and partitioned between CH2C12 and 10% NH4OH. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were washed with brine, dried and concentrated. A solution of the residue in THF (3 ml) and 28-30 wt % NH4OH (1.2 ml) was stirred at 70 °C for 24 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and partitioned between EtOAc and 1 N NaOH. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc and the extracts were washed with brine, dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue on alumina with 1:3 EtOAc:MeOH to 100% MeOH and a subsequent chromatography on alumina with 20:1 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc followed by 3:1 EtOAαMeOH to 100% MeOH gave the product (260 mg, 67%) as a tan oil which solidified upon standing: mp 69.1-70.4 °C; Η NMR δ 1.03-1.34 (m, 6H), 1.37-1.52 (m, IH), 1.57-1.77 (m, 5H), 1.92-2.05 (m, 3H), 2.48 (d, / = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.45-2.64 (m, 3H), 2.73 (m, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); MS m/z 307 (M + H)+. Preparation 2: Preparation of (±)-tr ns-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentylamine
Figure imgf000034_0002
Step A: Preparation of (±)-tmHS-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclopentanol
Figure imgf000034_0003
Following General Procedure A, a solution of 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (17.86 g, 85.05 mmol) and 6-oxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (50 g, 0.6 mol) in EtOH (170 ml) was stirred at 95 °C for 40 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. The residue was crystallized in hot CH2CI2 (80 ml), the crystallization mixture was concentrated to half the volume, and kept at 0 °C overnight and filtered, and the precipitate was rinsed with cold hexanes to give the product (18.2 g, 73%) as a tan solid. The mother liquors were concentrated to half the volume, diluted with CH2C12 and kept at -10 °C for 1 hour, and the precipitate was rinsed with cold CH2CI2 and hexanes to give additional product (1.8 g, 7%) as a tan solid: mp 104.1-105.5 °C; IR 3436, 2928 cm"1; 1H NMR δ 1.19-1.75 (m, 8H), 1.81-1.99 (m, 4H), 2.06 (dt, 7= 2.5,11.7 Hz, IH), 2.47 (m, IH), 2.50 (d, /= 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.90 (m, IH), 3.07 (m, IH), 4.10 (m, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); 13C NMR δ 21.63, 27.35, 32.01, 32.15, 34.31, 37.87, 42.47, 50.47, 52.97, 75.15, 75.22, 128.27, 130.43, 131.55, 139.04; MS m/z 294 (M + H)+. Anal. (C17H24C1NO»0.1H2O) C, H, N.
Step B: Preparation of (±)-fmns-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclopentylamine
Figure imgf000035_0001
Following General Procedure B, a solution of (±)-trøπs-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)- piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentanol (205 mg, 0.697 mmol) in CH2C12 (2.8 ml) at 0 °C was treated successively with Et3N (190 μl, 1.4 mmol) and MeSO2Cl (110 μl, 1.4 mmol), stirred at 0 °C for 1 hour, and partitioned between CH2Cl2 and 10% NH4OH. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were dried and concentrated to give 220 mg of an oil. A solution of the residue (110 mg) in dioxane (2 ml) and 28-30 wt % NH4OH (0.8 ml) was stirred at 70-80 °C overnight, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. The residue was partitioned between EtOAc and 1 N NaOH, the aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc, and the extracts were washed with brine, dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue on alumina with 10:1 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc followed by 95:4.75:0.25-60:38:2 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (87 mg, 85%) as an oil: Η NMR δ 1.18-1.71 (m, 9H), 1.76-2.00 (m, 3H), 2.07 (dt, 7 = 2.4,11.5 Hz, IH), 2.31 (m, IH), 2.50 (d, / = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.86-2.99 (m, 2H), 3.19 (m, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); MS m/z 293.2 (M + H)+. Preparation 3: Preparation of (±)- s-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentylamine
Figure imgf000036_0001
Step A: Preparation of (±)-tr ns-4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 2-azido-cyclopentyl ester
Figure imgf000036_0002
A solution of (±)-traπs-2-azido-cyclopentanol (1.27 g, 10.0 mmol) (Zhang, Z. da; Scheffold, R. Helv. Chim. Acta 1993, 76, 2602) in CH2C12 (14 ml) at 0 °C was treated successively with pyridine (0.88 ml, 10.9 mmol) and 4-nitro-benzenesulfonyl chloride (2.22 g, 10.0 mmol) and allowed to warm to room temperature slowly. The reaction was stirred for 4 days, during which additional pyridine (0.9 ml, 11 mmol) and 4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid (2.2 g, 10 mmol) was added, and partitioned between CH2C12 and 1 N HCI. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were washed with saturated NaHCO3, dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 10:1-4:1 hexanes:EtOAc gave the product (2.63 g, 84%) as a yellow oil: 1H NMR δ
1.61-1.90 (m, 4H), 2.00-2.16 (m, 2H), 3.96 (m, IH), 4.72 (m, IH), 8.14 (m, 2H), 8.43 (m, 2H).
Step B: Preparation of (±)-αs-l-(2-azido-cyclopentyl)-4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine
Figure imgf000036_0003
A murky solution of (±)-traπs-4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 2-azido-cyclopentyl ester
(630 mg, 2.0 mmol), 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (420 mg, 2.0 mmol), and Et3N (280 μl, 2.0 mmol) in CH3CN (4 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 10 days and 65 °C for 2 days, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. The residue was partitioned between CH2CI2 and 1 N NaOH, the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 20:1-1:1 hexanes:EtOAc followed by chromatography with 100% CH2C12 to 95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (145 mg, 22%) as a tan oil: Η NMR δ 1.32-1.90 (m, 13H), 2.33 (m, IH), 2.49 (d, } = 6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.96 (m, IH), 3.06 (m, IH), 4.04 (t, J = 4.0 Hz, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); MS m/z 319.2 (M - H)\
Step C: Preparation of (±)-ris-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yI]- cyclopentylamine
Figure imgf000037_0001
A solution of (±)-αs-l-(2-azido-cyclopentyl)-4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (210 mg, 0.65 mmol) in THF (2.5 ml) was treated successively with PPh3 (514 mg, 1.96 mmol) and H2O ( 141 μl, 7.83 mmol), refluxed for 3.5 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 90:9.5:0.5-75:23.75:1.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (183 mg, 95 %) as a colorless oil which solidified upon standing to a cream solid: mp 69.6-71.3 °C; Η NMR δ 1.20-1.35 (m, 2H), 1.43-1.93 (m, 1 IH), 2.17 (m, IH), 2.49 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.89-3.02 (m, 2H), 3.34 (t, } = 4.4 Hz, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); 13C NMR δ 20.72, 27.08, 32.48, 32.61, 38.32, 42.95, 52.14, 53.09, 53.61, 71.49, 128.63, 130.80, 131.88, 139.58; MS m/z 293.2 (M + H)+.
Preparation 4: Preparation of (±)- s-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexylamine
Figure imgf000037_0002
Step A: Preparation of (±)-fmns-4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 2-azido-cyclohexyl ester
Figure imgf000037_0003
A solution of (±)-trans-2-azidocyclohexan-l-ol (11.3 g, 80.0 mmol) (Zhang, Z. da; Scheffold, R. Helv. Chim. Ada 1993, 76, 2602] in CH2C12 ( 110 ml) at 0 °C was treated successively with pyridine (14.2 ml, 176 mmol) and 4-nitro-benzenesulfonyl chloride (35.6 g, 160 mmol), allowed to warm to room temperature slowly, stirred for 4 days, and partitioned between CH2C12 and 1 N HCI. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were washed with saturated NaHCO3, dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 10:1-1:1 hexanes:EtOAc gave the product (19 g, 72%) as a cream solid: 1H NMR δ 1.19-1.39 (m, 3H), 1.53-1.82 (m, 3H), 2.00-2.10 (m, IH), 2.26 (m, IH), 3.36 (m, IH), 4.35 (ddd, J = 4.7, 9.2, 10.8 Hz, IH), 8.17 (m, 2H), 8.41 (m, 2H).
Step B: Preparation of (±)-α's- l-(2-azido-cyclohexyI)-4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine
Figure imgf000038_0001
A murky solution of (±)-traπs-4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 2-azido-cyclohexyl ester
(1.77 g, 5.41 mmol), 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (1.14 g, 5.43 mmol), and Et3N (0.75 ml, 5.4 mmol) in CH3CN (11.2 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 17 hours, 65 °C for 31 hours, and 80 °C for 5 days, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. The residue was partitioned between CH2C12 and 1 N NaOH, the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 98:1.9:0.1-95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH to 100 % MeOH and subsequent chromatography with 10:1 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc followed by 95:5 EtOAαMeOH gave, in order of elution, starting (±)-tr πs-4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 2-azidocyclohexyl ester (1.2 g, 68%), desired product (155 mg, 9%), and starting 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (810 mg, 71%). Product: Η NMR δ 1.19-1.81 (m, 12H), 1.92-2.08 (m, 3H), 2.22 (m, IH), 2.48 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.02 (m, 2H), 4.05 (m, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); MS m/z 333.2 (M + H)+.
Step C: Preparation of (±)-ris-2-f4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidm-l-yl1-cyclohexylamine
Figure imgf000038_0002
A solution of (±)- s-l-(2-azido-cyclohexyl)-4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (155 mg, 0.463 mmol) in THF (1.8 ml) was treated successively with PPh3 (364 mg, 1.39 mmol) and H2O (141 μl, 5.56 mmol), refluxed for 3 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 95:4.75:0.25-75:23.75:1.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (121 mg, 85 %) as a cream solid: Η NMR δ 1.14-1.93 (m, 15H), 1.96 (dt, 7= 11.8, 3.5 Hz, IH), 2.48 (d, / = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.03-3.13 (m, 2H), 3.30 (m, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); MS m/z 307.2 (M + H)+.
Preparation 5: Preparation of (+)-rrans-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutylamine
Figure imgf000039_0001
Step A: Preparation of (±)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone
Figure imgf000039_0002
l,2-Bis(trimethylsilyloxy)cyclobutene (5.0 g, 22 mmol) at 0 °C under Ar was treated dropwise during 15 min with a solution of 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (4.56 g, 21.7 mmol) in MeOH (10.9 ml) and allowed to warm to room temperature. The reaction was stirred over a period of 5 hours, during which additional l,2-bis(trimefhylsilyloxy)- cyclobutene (0.99 g, 4.3 mmol) was added, and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (4.8 g, 80 %) as a yellow oil: Η NMR δ 1.20-1.35 (m, 2H), 1.43-1.64 (m, 3H), 1.93-2.18 (m, 4H), 2.49 (d, } = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.64-2.91 (m, 3H), 3.14 (m, IH), 3.90 (m, IH), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); MS m/z 278.1 (M + H)+.
Step B: Preparation of (±)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone O-methyl-oxime
Figure imgf000039_0003
A solution of (±)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone (1.74 g, 6.26 mmol) and MeONH2»HCl (2.63 g, 31.3 mmol) in MeOH (20 ml) was stirred at 65 °C under Ar for 3 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. The residue was partitioned between CH2CI2 and saturated NaHCO3, the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12, and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (1.5 g, 78 %) as a brown oil and predominantly one stereoisomer: 1H NMR δ 1.05-1.65 (m, 4.5H), 1.92-2.11 (m, 4H), 2.45-2.65 (m, 3H), 2.73-2.96 (m, 2H), 3.22 (m, IH), 3.73 (m, IH), 3.82 (m, 3H), 4.57 (m, 0.5H), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); MS m/z 307.1 (M + H)+.
Step C: Preparation of (±)-rrans-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- cyclobutylamine
Figure imgf000040_0001
A mixture of NaBH (604 mg, 16.0 mmol) in THF (13 ml) under Ar was treated dropwise with trifluoroacetic acid (1.23 ml, 16.0 mmol), stirred for 5 min, treated dropwise with a solution of (±)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone O-methyl-oxime (985 mg, 3.21 mmol) in THF (35 ml), and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The mixture was treated carefully with 6 N HCI (1.5 ml) until the pH ~ 2, stirred for 10 min, basified with 8 N NaOH until the pH ~ 10, and partitioned between EtOAc and 1 N NaOH. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc and the extracts were washed with brine, dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated. A solution of the residue in MeOH (30 ml) and 1 N HCI (3 ml) was stirred at 50 °C for 1 hour and at 75 °C for 5 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. The residue was partitioned between CH2C12 and 1 N NaOH, the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue on alumina with 10:1 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc followed by 98:1.9:0.1-90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave 400 mg of the product (80% pure by Η NMR) as a yellow oil which was used without further purification: Η NMR δ 1.19-1.90 (m, 9H), 2.11 (m, IH), 2.28 (m, IH), 2.44-2.59 (m, 3H), 2.80 (m, IH), 3.05 (m, IH), 3.22 (m, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); MS m/z 279.2 (M + H)+.
Preparation 6: Preparation of (±)- s-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutylamine
Figure imgf000040_0002
A solution of (±)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone O-methyl-oxime (438 mg, 1.43 mmol) in THF (13 ml) under Ar was treated dropwise with 1 M BH3*THF complex in THF (8.6 ml, 8.6 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 3 hours and at 75 °C for 20 hours. The reaction was cooled to 0 °C and treated carefully with 6 N HCI (1 ml) until the pH ~ 2. The THF was evaporated and a solution of the residue in EtOH (9 ml) and 6 N HCI (1 ml) was stirred at 75 °C for 1 hour. It was then allowed to cool to room temperature, basified with 8 N NaOH (4 ml) until the pH ~ 10, diluted with H2O (5 ml) to dissolve the resulting white precipitate, and concentrated. The residue was partitioned between CH2CI2 and 1 N NaOH, the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2, and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with
90:9.5:0.5-60:38:2 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave, in order of elution, 70 mg of the desired product (80% pure by Η NMR) as a colorless oil which was used without further purification, 48 mg (12%) of pure desired product as a colorless oil, and 125 mg of a mixture of desired product, stereoisomeric (±)-trαns-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutylamine, and an unidentified impurity. Product: 1H NMR δ 1.19-1.70 (m, 8H), 1.89-2.05 (m, 3H), 2.50(d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.56 (m, IH), 2.78 (m, 2H), 3.44 (m, IH), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H); 13C NMR δ 24.39, 25.56, 31.63, 31.76, 38.01, 42.61, 49.17, 49.63, 51.74, 62.51, 128.25, 130.42, 131.50, 139.16; MS m/z 279.2 (M + 1)+.
Preparation 7: Preparation of 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine
Figure imgf000041_0001
Step A: Preparation of 4-(4-Chloro-benzylidene)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid fert-butyl ester
Figure imgf000041_0002
The phosphorium salt (lOg) was taken up in THF and placed in an ice bath. The KHMDS (42ml) was added slowly, the ice bath was removed, and the reaction was stirred for 45 minutes at room temperature. The reaction solution was then cooled to -78°C and the ketone (4.2g) was added slowly. The reaction was stirred for 30 minutes, the cooling bath was removed, and the reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction solution was poured into a saturated NH4C1 (100ml) solution, the layers were separated, the aqueous layer was washed twice with EtOAc, the organic layers were combined, dried (MgSO4), and concentrated to ~ 40ml. The solution was diluted with hexane and filtered to remove the majority of the Ph PO. Chromatography of the crude product with 20:1-10:1 hexane:EtOAc gave the product as a colorless oil (4.7g).
Step B: Preparation of 4-(4-Chloro-benzyl)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure imgf000042_0001
The protected piperidine ( lOg) was dissolved in EtOAc ( 100ml), the Ptθ2 was added, and the mixture was stirred rapidly under H2 for 3 hours. The mixture was filtered through celite and concentrated. The crude product was taken up in hot hexane, filtered and allowed to crystallize. The product was recrystallized with hot hexane to yield the clean product (8.0g). Additional product was isolated form the mother liquor.
Step C: Preparation of 4-(4Chlorobenzyl)piperidine
Figure imgf000042_0002
Methanol (400ml) was placed in an ice bath and AcCl (60ml) was added. After the addition was completed the solution was stirred at room temperature for one hour. The protected piperidine (62.8g) was added and the solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction solution was concentrated to ~70ml (when product first started to precipitate out), diluted with ether (500ml), and the product was collected by filtration (44.9g). An additional 3.1g of the product was collected from the mother liquor. Example 1: Preparation of (±)-fr ns-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea.
Figure imgf000043_0001
Following General Procedure C, (±)-trans-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexylamine (56 mg, 0.18 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (76 mg, 0.36 mmol) were coupled in CH2C12 (1 ml) and DMF (1 ml) at room temperature for 1.5 hour. After the combined extracts were washed with H O, dried and concentrated, preparative TLC with 95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH followed by 90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH and subsequent preparative TLC with 93:6.65:0.35 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (52 mg, 55%) as a grey solid: mp 196.9-200.0 °C; IR 1670, 1606, 1545, 1505 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO, 87 °C] δ 1.00-1.25 (m, 6H), 1.38-1.63 (m, 4H), 1.70 (m, IH), 1.78 (m, IH), 2.06 (m, IH), 2.13-2.27 (m, 2H), 2.43 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H), 2.44 (m, IH), 2.59 (m, IH), 2.74 (m, IH), 3.39 (m, IH), 3.63 (s, 3H), 3.73 (s, 6H), 5.69 (d, 7= 5.3 Hz, IH), 6.75 ( s, 2H), 7.12 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m, 2H), 8.28 (s, IH); MS m/z 516 (M + H)+.
Example 2: Preparation of (±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexyl}-4-methanesulfonyl-benzamide
Figure imgf000043_0002
Following General Procedure E, (±)-traπs-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexylamine (92 mg, 0.30 mmol) and 4-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid (72 mg, 0.36 mmol) were coupled in CH2C12 (2 ml) using HOBt (8 mg, 0.06 mmol) and DEC (86 mg,
0.45 mmol) at room temperature for 16 hours. Purification of the crude product by preparative TLC with 93:6.65:0.35 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product ( 105 mg,
72%) as a tan solid: mp 184.5-186.7 °C; IR 1637 cm"1; 1H NMR δ 0.94 (ddd, } = 3.9, 11.7,
23.9 Hz, IH), 1.09-1.93 (m, 12H), 2.05 (dt, 7 = 2.4, 11.5 Hz, IH), 2.35-2.74 (m, 6H),
3.10(m, 3H), 3.55-3.66 (m, IH), 7.04 (m, 2H), 7.16 (m, IH), 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.95 (m, 2H), 8.04 (m, 2H); MS m/z 489 (M + H)+. Anal. (C26H33ClN2O3S) H, N; C: calcd, 63.85; found, 60.83. HPLC purity: 99.4%.
Example 3: Preparation of (±)-trαπs-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexyl}-3-(3-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)urea hydrochloride
Figure imgf000044_0001
A solution of triphosgene (60 mg, 0.2 mmol) in CH2CI2 (3 ml) was treated with a solution of 3-methanesulfonyl-phenylamine (120 mg, 0.7 mmol) and Et3N (125 μl, 0.90 mmol) in CH2CI2 (3 ml), stirred at 40 °C for 1.5 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and added in 2 portions during 30 min to a solution of (±)-trans-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclohexylamine (88 mg, 0.29 mmol) in CH2CI2 (1 ml). The reaction was stirred for 1 hour and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (140 mg, 0.28 mmol) as a cream solid. A solution of the free base in CH2Cl2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.5 ml, 0.5 mmol) and EtOAc, allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 days, at 0 °C overnight and at -20 °C overnight, and filtered to give the product (80 mg, 50%) as a white solid: mp 150.2-151.6 °C; MS m/z 504 (M + H)+.
Example 4: Preparation of (±)-tr ns-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride
Figure imgf000044_0002
Following General Procedure D, (±)-rrøns-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentylamine (250 mg, 0.85 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (355 mg, 1.70 mmol) were coupled in CH2CI2 (5 ml) at room temperature for 1 hour. After the combined extracts were dried (MgSO4) and concentrated, chromatography of the residue with 95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:Et3N and subsequent chromatography with 98:1.9:0.1 CH2Cl2:MeOH:Et3N gave the free base (248 mg, 0.494 mmol) as a white foam. A solution of the free base (100 mg, 0.2 mmol) in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.5 ml, 0.5 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (104 mg, 56%) as a tan powder: mp 136.1-138.0 °C; IR 1690, 1607, 1555, 1507 cm"1; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.40-2.15 (m, 11H), 2.53 (m, 1.6H), 2.70 (m, 0.4H), 2.80-2.95 (m, 2H), 3.33-3.60 (m, 3H), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.71 (s, 6H), 4.24-4.38 (m, IH), 6.74 ( s, 1.6H), 6.77 ( s, 0.4H), 6.85 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 0.8H), 6.91 (m, 0.2H), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.33 (m, 2H), 8.77 (s, 0.8H), 8.86 (s, 0.2H), 10.10-10.23 (m, 0.8H), 10.45 (m, 0.2H); 13C NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 21.82, 26.88, 29.06, 32.57, 34.82, 40.68, 50.73, 51.01, 51.82, 56.02, 60.52, 71.47, 96.26, 128.51, 131.07, 131.27, 132.61, 136.25, 138.62, 153.10, 155.10; MS m/z 502 (M + H)+. Example 5: Preparation of (±)-trαns-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-tetrahydro- furan-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride
Figure imgf000045_0001
Following General Procedure D, (+)-tra«s-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- tetrahydrofuran-3-ylamine (3.03 g, 10.3 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimefhoxybenzene (2.37 g, 11.3 mol) were coupled in CH2C12 (60 ml) at 0 °C for 1 hour. Chromatography of the crude product with 1:1 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc followed by 50:0.95:0.05-10:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (4.62 g, 9.2 mmol) as a white foam. A solution of the free base (3.62 g, 7.2 mmol) in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (10 ml, 10 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (3.61 g, 83%) as a white solid: mp 229.2-230.9 °C; IR 3273 (br), 2937, 1690, 1606, 1554, 1507 cm"1; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.54-1.74 (m, 7H), 2.52 (m, 2H), 2.97 (m, 2H), 3.49-3.71 (m, 11H), 4.06 (m, 3H), 4.59 (m, IH), 6.74 (s, 2H), 7.00 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, IH), 7.22 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 8.85 (s, IH), 10.8 (br s, IH); MS m/z 504 (M + H)+.
Step A: Preparation of (±)-trαn5-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-tetrahydro- furan-3-ol
Figure imgf000045_0002
Following General Procedure A, 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (10.1 g, 48 mmol) was alkylated with 3,6-dioxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (24.7 g, 288 mol) (Barili, P. L.; Berti, G.; Mastrorilli, E.; Tetrahedron 1993, 49, 6263) in EtOH (75 ml) at 90-95 °C for 45 hours. Chromatography of the crude product with CH2C12 followed by 99:0.95:0.05-95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (10.7g, 76%) as a white solid: 1H NMR δ 1.21 (m, 2H), 1.51 (m, IH), 1.62 (m, 2H), 2.03 (tt, J = 2.5, 11.6 Hz, 2H), 2.19 (br, IH), 2.50 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.73 (m, 2H), 3.08 (m, IH), 3.61 (dd, J = 6.9, 9.3 Hz, IH) , 3.70 (dd, 7 = 3.1, 10.0 Hz, IH), 3.93 (dd, } = 5.7, 10.0 Hz, IH), 4.05 (dd, J = 7.0, 9.3 Hz, IH), 4.33 (dt, J = 3.0, 5.7 Hz, IH), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m, 2H); MS m/z 296.2 (M + H)+.
Step B: Preparation of (+)-trflns-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-tetrahydro- furan-3-ylamine
Figure imgf000046_0001
Following General Procedure B, (±)-tr πs-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- tetrahydrofuran-3-ol (10.65 g, 36 mmol) in CH2C12 (150 ml) was treated with Et3N (10.2 ml, 72 mmol) and MeSO2Cl (5.53 ml, 72 mol) for 1.25 hours and the resultant product was heated in dioxane (205 ml) and NH4OH (83 ml) for 4 hours. Chromatography of the crude product with 100:1.9:0.1-100:19:1 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (9.58 g, 90%) as a yellow oil: Η NMR δ 1.21-1.68 (m, 7H), 2.01 (m, 2H), 2.50 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (dt, 7 = 3.4, 6.8 Hz, 2H), 2.72 (m, IH), 3.06 (m, IH), 3.50 (m, 2H), 3.64 (dd, } = 6.5, 9.3 Hz, IH), 3.99 (m, 2H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m, 2H); MS m/z 295.2 (M + H)+.
Example 6: Preparation of (±)-l-{(ii?,2β,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-hydroxy-cyclopentyl}-3-(3)4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea.
Figure imgf000046_0002
A solution of (±)-l-{(li?,2i?,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxy)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (605 mg, 0.96 mmol) in 1% HCl/EtOH (80 ml) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The EtOH was evaporated and the residue was partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 95:4.75:0.25-90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (440 mg, 89%) as a yellow solid: mp 98.7-102.0 °C; MS m/z 518 (M + H)+.
Step A: Preparation of (±)-(l#,2#,4#)-4-(te^bu1yl-dimethyIsilanyloxy)- 2-[4-(4-chIorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yll-cyclopentanol
Figure imgf000047_0001
Following General Procedure A, 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (741 mg, 3.53 mmol) was alkylated with α's-tert-butyl-dimethyl-(6-oxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yloxy)-silane (1.51 g, 7.06 mmol) (Asami, M. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1990, 63, 1402) in EtOH (5 ml) at 90-95 °C for 82 hours. Chromatography of the crude product with CH2C12 followed by 99:0.95:0.05-95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (1.16 g, 78%) as a yellow foam: Η NMR δ 0.00 (s, 6H), 0.81 (s, 9H), 1.19-1.99 (m, 12H), 2.44 (m, 2H), 2.80 (m, 2H), 3.13 (m, IH), 4.07 (m, IH), 4.28 (m, IH), 6.99 (m, 2H), 7.17 (m, 2H); 13C NMR δ -4.55, -4.50, 18.3, 26.1, 32.1, 32.2, 38.1, 39.8, 42.3, 44.0, 52.1, 53.0, 74.0, 75.7, 75.8, 128.7, 130.8, 131.9, 139.2; MS m/z 424.2 (M + H)+. HPLC purity 98.5%.
Step B: Preparation of (±)-(lfl,2/^S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxy)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyI)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine
Figure imgf000047_0002
Following General Procedure B, (±)-(li?,2i?,4i?)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxy)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentanol (1.14 g, 2.68 mmol) in CH2CI2 (10 ml) was treated with Et3N (740 μl, 5.36 mmol) and MeSO2Cl (410 μl, 5.36 mmol) for 2 hours and the resultant product was heated in dioxane (15.6 ml) and NH4OH (6.2 ml) for 6 hours. Chromatography of the crude product with 98:1.9:0.1-80:19:1 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (620 mg, 55%) as a colorless oil: 1H NMR δ 0.00 (s, 6H), 0.83 (s, 9H), 1.15-1.32 (m, 2H), 1.40-2.11 (m, 11H), 2.45 (m, 2H), 2.60 (m, IH), 2.80 (m, IH), 3.02 (m, IH), 3.14 (m, IH), 4.20 (m, IH), 7.02 (m, 2H), 7.19 (m, 2H); 13C NMR δ -4.85, -4.87, 17.9, 25.8, 32.0, 32.1, 37.8, 39.2, 42.4, 44.8, 51.0, 52.8, 54.8, 72.8, 75.8, 128.2, 130.4, 131.5, 139.0; MS m/z 423.2 (M + H)+. HPLC purity 99.2%.
Step C: Preparation of (±)-l-{(l^,2^,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxy)- 2-f4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1-cvclopentyll-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea
Figure imgf000048_0001
Following General Procedure C, (±)-(l. ,2β,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxy)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine (610 mg, 1.44 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (603 mg, 2.88 mmol) were coupled in CH2CI2 (8.5 ml) at 0 °C for 1 hour. Chromatography of the crude product with 1:1 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc gave the product (665 mg, 73%) as a yellow solid: mp 81.0-84.0 °C; IR 3379 (br), 2929, 1653, 1608, 1555, 1507 cm"1; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 0.03 (d, 6H), 0.86 ( s, 9H), 1.12-1.69 (m, 8H), 1.95 (m, 2H), 2.18 (m, IH), 2.46 (m, 2H), 2.79 (m, 3H), 3.58 (s, 3H), 3.71 (s, 6H), 3.93 (m, IH), 4.16 (m, IH), 5.94 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, IH), 6.70 (s, 2H), 7.16 (m, 2H), 7.30 (m, 2H), 8.43 (s, IH); MS m/z 632 (M + H)+.
Example 7: Preparation of (±)-l-{(li?,2i?,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-hydroxycyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000048_0002
A solution of (±)-l-{(lΛ,2Λ,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-
4-hydroxy-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea ( 102 mg, 0.20 mmol) in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2θ (0.5 ml, 0.5 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (110 mg, 100%) as a yellow solid: mp 137.0- 143.0 °C; IR 3405 (br), 2935, 1685, 1606, 1554, 1507 cm"1; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.48-2.12 (m, 11H), 2.54 (m, 2H), 2.90 (m, 2H), 3.45 (m, IH), 3.58 (s, 3H), 3.71 (s, 6H), 4.22 (m, IH), 4.48 (m, IH), 5.16 (br s, IH), 6.42 (d, J ■■ 9.4 Hz, IH), 6.70 (s, 2H), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 10.19 (br s, IH); MS m/z 518 (M + H)+.
Example 8: Preparation of (±)-l-{(l. ,2JR,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyι)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-hydroxyrnethyl-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000049_0001
A solution of (±)- l-{( li?,2i?,4S)-4-(rert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxymethyl)- 2- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin- l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-3-(3>4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea ( 1.13 g, 1.75 mmol) in 1% HCl/EtOH ( 120 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The EtOH was evaporated and the residue was partitioned between CH2CI2 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 95:4.75:0.25-90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (±)- l-{(Ji?,2Λ,4S)-2- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin- l-yl] -
4-hydroxymethyl-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (690 mg, 1.30 mmol) as a yellow solid. A solution of the free base ( 105 mg, 0.20 mmol) in CH2CI2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.5 ml, 0.5 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (112 mg, 74%) as a yellow solid: mp 138.0-143.0 °C; IR 3417 (br), 2936, 1687, 1606, 1554, 1507 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.28-2.12 (m, 10H), 2.54 (m, 2H), 2.91 (m, 2H), 3.26-3.59 (m, 8H), 3.71 (s, 6H), 4.34 (m, IH), 4.70 (br s, IH), 6.66 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, IH), 6.73 (s, 2H), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 8.78 (s, IH), 10.13 (br s, IH); MS m/z 532 (M + H)+.
Step A: Preparation of (±)-( lfl,2R,4i -4-(terf-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxymethyl)-
2- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin- l-yl1 -cyclopentanol.
Figure imgf000049_0002
Following General Procedure A, 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (946 mg, 4.50 mmol) was alkylated with cis-tert-butyl-dimethyl-(6-oxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hex- 3-ylmethoxy)silane (1.13 g, 4.96 mmol) (Asami, M. Takahashi, J.; Inoue, S. Tetrahedron Asymmetry 1994, 5, 1649) in EtOH (4 ml) at 95 °C for 4.5 days. Chromatography of the crude product with CH2C12 followed by 99:0.95:0.05-95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (1.38 g, 74%) as a brown oil: 1H NMR δ 0.00 (s, 6H), 0.84 (s, 9H), 1.34-1.86 (m, 8H), 2.08-2.31 (m, 5H), 2.48 (m, 2H), 2.80 (m, IH), 3.13 (m, IH), 3.28 (m, IH), 3.48 (m, 2H), 4.28 (m, IH), 7.00 (m, 2H), 7.19 (m, 2H); MS m/z 438.2 (M + H)+.
Step B: Preparation of (±)-(U^,2i ,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxymethyl)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine
Figure imgf000050_0001
Following General Procedure B, a solution of (±)-(li?,2J^,4i?)-4-(tert-butyl- dimethylsilanyloxymethyl)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentanol (1.36 g, 3.0 mmol) in CH2C12 (15 ml) was treated with Et3N (0.83 ml, 6.0 mmol) and MeSO2Cl (0.46 ml, 6.0 mmol) for 1 hour and the resultant product was heated in dioxane (17.2 ml) and NH4OH (6.9 ml) for 2.5 hours. Chromatography of the crude product with 98:1.9:0.1-90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (780 mg, 57%) as a yellow oil: Η NMR δ 0.00 (s, 6H), 0.85 (s, 9H), 0.92-1.70 (m, 11H), 1.96-2.21 (m, 3'H), 2.44 (m, 3H), 2.83 (m, 2H), 3.12 (m, IH), 3.43 (d, J= 5.8 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 7.19 (m, 2H); MS m/z 438.2 (M + H)+. HPLC purity: 96.4%
Step C: Preparation of (±)-l-{(l^,2i^,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxymethyl)- 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-(3>4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea
Figure imgf000050_0002
Following General Procedure C, (±)-(li?,2i?,4S)-4-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilanyloxy- methyl)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine (770 mg, 1.76 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (442 mg, 2.11 mmol) were coupled in CH2C12 (10 ml) at 0 °C for 30 min to give 1.19 g of the product as a yellow solid which was used directly in the next step: MS m/z 646.2 (M + H)+.
Example 9: Preparation of (±)-frans-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyι)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrr olidin- 3 -yl} - 3 - ( 3 ,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl) urea dihydr ochloride .
Figure imgf000051_0001
A solution of (±)-trøns-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4- [3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido] -pyrrolidine- 1-carboxylic acid terr-butyl ester (410 mg, 0.68 mmol) in 2% HCl/MeOH (70 ml) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The MeOH was evaporated and the residue was partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue on alumina with CH2C12 followed by 50:0.95:0.05-5:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (±)-tm«s-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-pyrrolidin-3-yl}- 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (225 mg, 0.45 mmol) as a white solid. A solution of the free base (25 mg, 0.05 mmol) in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.15 ml, 0.15 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (27 mg, 68%) as a yellow solid: mp 157.0-170.0 °C; IR 3416 (br), 2935, 1686, 1606, 1554, 1507 cm"1; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.50-1.81 (m, 5H), 2.60 (d, / = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.00-3.99 (m, 20H), 4.68 (m, IH), 6.76 (s, 2H), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 2H); MS m/z 504 (M + H)+.
Step A: Preparation of (±)-frflns-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-4-hydroxy- pyrrolidine-1 -carboxylic acid tβrr-butyl ester
Figure imgf000051_0002
Following General Procedure A, 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (1.72 g, 8.19 mmol) was alkylated with 6-oxa-3-aza-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carboxylic acid tot-butyl ester (1.82 g, 9.82 mmol) [Okada, T.; Sato, H.; Tsuji, T.; Tsushima, T.; Nakai, H.; Yoshida, T.; Matsuura, S. Chem. Pharm. Bull. Jpn. 1993, 41, 132] in EtOH (5.5 ml) at 95 °C for 60 hours. Chromatography of the crude product with CH2C12 followed by 100:0.95:0.05-30:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (1.85 g, 54%) as a yellow solid: mp 61.9-64.5 °C; IR 3421 (br) cm"1; 1H NMR δ 1.26-1.69 (m, 14H), 1.94 (br s, IH), 2.19 (m, 2H), 2.53 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.89 (m, 2H), 3.05-3.33 (m, 3H), 3.60-3.79 (m, 2H), 4.33 (m, IH), 7.08 (m, 2H), 7.28 (m, 2H); MS m/z 395.2 (M + H)+.
Step B: Preparation of (±)-t π5-3-amino-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidine-1 -carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure imgf000052_0001
Following General Procedure B, a solution of (±)-trαns-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)- piperidin-l-yl]-4-hydroxy- pyrrolidine- 1 -carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1.80 g, 4.56 mmol) in CH2C12 (20 ml) was treated with Et3N (1.26 ml, 9.12 mmol) and MeSO2Cl (0.70 ml, 9.12 mmol) for 1 hour and the resultant product was heated in dioxane (26.0 ml) and NH OH (10.5 ml) for 6 hours to give 1.91 g of the product (91% pure by HPLC) as a yellow oil which was used directly for the next step: Η NMR δ 1.21-1.65 (m, 17H), 2.17 (m, 2H), 2.49 (d, J= 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.73-3.43 (m, 7H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m, 2H); MS m/z 394.2 (M + H)+.
Step C: Preparation of (±)-tr πs-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ureido1-pyrrolidine-l-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure imgf000052_0002
Following General Procedure C, (±)-trøns-3-amino-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin- 1-yl] -pyrrolidine- 1 -carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (394 mg, ~ 0.9 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (250 mg, 1.2 mmol) were coupled in CH2C12 (6.0 ml) at 0 °C for 1 hour. Chromatography of the crude product with 1:1 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc gave the product (445 mg, 77% from (±)-tmns-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)- piperidin-l-yl]-4-hydroxy- pyrrolidine- 1 -carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester) as a white solid: mp 99.0-102.5 °C; IR 3371 (br), 2932, 1655, 1607, 1552, 1507 cm"1; lH NMR δ 1.17-1.80 (m, 14H), 2.18 (m, 2H), 2.48 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.95-3.51 (m, 8H), 3.81 (m, 9H), 4.32 (br, IH), 5.30 (br, IH), 6.61 (s, 2H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 7.20 (m, 2H); MS m/z 603.2 (M + H)+.
Example 10: Preparation of (±)-cis-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000053_0001
Following General Procedure D, a solution of (±)-ris-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyι)- piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine (110 mg, 0.38 mmol) in CH2C12 (2 ml) at 0 °C was treated with 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (98 mg, 0.47 mmol), stirred for 1 hour, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with EtOAc followed by 90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH and a subsequent chromatography with 1:3 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc followed by 95:4.75:0.25 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (190 mg, 0.38 mmol) as a colorless oil. A solution of the free base in CH2CI2 (2 ml) was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (1 ml, 1 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (193 mg, 96%) as a white solid: mp 117.5-122.5 °C; IR 1692, 1606, 1557, 1507 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.33-2.15 (m, 11H), 2.51 (m, 2H), 2.64 (br d, 7= 7.8 Hz, 0.5H), 2.80-2.95 (m, 1.5H), 3.15-3.90 (m, 12H), 4.41 (m, IH), 6.74 (s, 2H), 7.08-7.24 (m, 3H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 9.01 (br s, 0.7H), 9.06 (br s, 0.3H), 9.25-9.47 (m, IH); HRMS (FAB) calcd for C27H37ClN3O4 502.2473 (M + H)\ found 502.2471.
Example 11: Preparation of (±)-cis-N- {2- [4- (4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-methanesulfonyl-benzamide hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000053_0002
Following General Procedure F, (±)- s-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentylamine (105 mg, 0.358 mmol) and 4-mefhanesulfonyl-benzoic acid (86 mg, 0.43 mmol) were coupled in CH2C12 (2 ml) using HOBt (10 mg, 0.07 mmol) and DEC (138 mg, 0.719 mmol) at 0 °C for 2.5 hours. Chromatography of the crude product with CH2C12 followed by 98:1.9:0.1 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (176 mg, 0.36 mmol) as a colorless oil. A solution of the free base in CH2Cl2was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.8 ml, 0.8 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (183 mg, 100%) as a cream foam: mp 125.3-131.9 °C; IR 1660 cm"1; Η NMR δ 1.63-2.23 (m, 11H), 2.56 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.56-2.85 (m, 2H), 3.05 (s, 0.3H), 3.06 (s, 2.7H), 3.20-3.34 (m, IH), 3.60 (br d, J = 11.7 Hz, IH), 3.78 (br d, J = 10.8 Hz, IH), 4.93 (m, IH), 7.00-7.11 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 8.03 (m, 2H), 8.50 (m, 2H), 8.95 (m, 0.1H), 9.06 (br d, 7 = 8.3 Hz, IH), 11.65-11.90 (m, IH); 13C NMR δ 21.06, 26.85, 29.18, 29.38, 33.31, 36.77, 41.57, 44.76, 50.69, 53.67, 54.39, 68.88, 127.87, 129.08, 129.85, 130.64, 132.72, 137.61, 138.20, 143.57, 166.50; HRMS (FAB) calcd for C25H31ClN2O3S 475.1822 (M + H)+, found 475.1823. Example 12: Preparation of (±)-trα«s-l-{l-acetyl-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000054_0001
A solution of (±)-trøns-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (80 mg, 0.16 mmol) and Et3N (26 μl, 0.19 mmol) in CH2CI2 (1 ml) at 0 °C was treated dropwise with acetic anhydride (15 μl, 0.16 mmol), stirred at 0 °C for 10 min, and partitioned between CH2CI2 and saturated NaHCO . The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 10:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base as a white solid. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.2 ml, 0.2 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (84 mg, 91%) as a tan solid: mp 155.0-161.0 °C; IR 3415 (br), 2936, 1691, 1608, 1554, 1508 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.56-1.97 (m, 8H), 2.50-3.94 (m, 20H), 4.70 (m, IH), 6.76 (s, 2H), 6.98 (m, IH), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 8.81 (s, IH), 10.72 (s, IH); MS m/z 545 (M + H)+. Example 13: Preparation of (±)-ris-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000055_0001
Following General Procedure D, (±)-ris-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexylamine (53 mg, 0.17 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (40 mg, 0.19 mmol) were coupled in CH2CI2 (1 ml) at 0 °C for 1 hour. Purification of the crude product by preparative TLC with 93:6.65:0.35 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (75 mg, 0.15 mmol) as a tan foam. A solution of the free base (100 mg, 0.2 mmol) in CH2Cl2was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.3 ml, 0.3 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (83 mg, 85%) as a tan foam: mp 120.1-137.3 °C; IR 1691, 1607, 1558, 1507 cm"1; 1H NMR (CD3OD) δ 1.35-2.15 (m, 13H), 2.58 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1.8H), 2.72 (m, 0.2H), 2.87-2.98 (m, 2H), 3.22 (m, IH), 3.59 (m, IH), 3.70 (s, 0.3H), 3.73 (s, 2.7H), 3.78 (s, 0.6H), 3.82 (s, 5.4H), 3.92 (m, IH), 4.55 (m, IH), 6.76 ( s, 1.8H), 6.77 ( s, 0.2H), 7.17 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m, 2H); MS m/z 516 (M + H)+. Anal. (C28H39Cl2N3O4»1.15H2O) C, H, N.
Example 14: Preparation of (±)-cis-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexyl}-4-methanesulfonyl-benzamide hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000055_0002
Following General Procedure F, (±)- s-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexylamine (30 mg, 0.10 mmol) and 4-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid (24 mg, 0.12 mmol) were coupled in CH2C12 (1 ml) using HOBt (3 mg, 0.02 mmol) and DEC (30 mg, 0.16 mmol) at 0 °C for 2 hours and at room temperature for 2 hours. Purification of the crude product by preparative TLC with 90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (46 mg, 0.09 mmol) as a white solid. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.2 ml, 0.2 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (47 mg, 88%) as a cream solid: mp 123.7-149.4 °C; IR 1659 cm"1; 1H NMR (CD3OD) δ 1.28-2.20 (m, 13H), 2.59 (d, / = 6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.90-3.03 (m, IH), 3.17 (s, 3H), 3.35 (m, IH), 3.61 (m, IH), 3.89 (m, IH), 4.47-4.91 (m, 2H), 7.17 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (m, 2H), 8.10 (m, 4H); MS m/z 489 (M + H)+. Anal. (C26H34Cl2N2O3S); calcd: C, 59.42; H, 6.52; N, 5.33; found: C, 55.39; H, 5.94; N, 4.88. HPLC purity: 98.6%.
Example 15: Preparation of (±)-trans-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- l-methanesulfonyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000056_0001
A solution of (±)-traπs-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (78 mg, 0.15 mmol) and pyridine (13 μl, 0.15 mmol) in CH2C12 (2.5 ml) at 0 °C was treated dropwise with MeSO2Cl (12 μl, 0.15 mmol) and allowed to warm to room temperature slowly. The reaction was stirred for 1 hour, during which additional pyridine (3 μl, 0.04 mmol) and MeSO2Cl (3 μl, 0.04 mmol) was added, and partitioned between CH2C12 and 10% aqueous NaOH. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were washed with brine, dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 10:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base as a yellow semi-solid. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.3 ml, 0.3 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (87 mg, 91%) as a tan solid: mp 148.0-158.0 °C; IR 3405 (br), 2933, 1691, 1608, 1554, 1507 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] 5 1.51-1.78 (m, 5H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.05-3.71 (m, 21H), 4.66 (m, IH), 6.74 (s, 2H), 6.91 (br d, IH), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 8.84 (s, IH), 10.75 (s, IH); MS m/z 581 (M + H)+. Anal. (C27H38Cl2N4O6S •1.35H2O) C, H, N.
Example 16: Preparation of (±)-trans-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrroridine-l-sulfonic acid dimethylamide hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000056_0002
A solution of (±)-tra«s-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (80 mg, 0.16 mmol) and Et3N (33 μl, 0.24 mmol) in CH2CI2 (2 ml) was treated with dimefhylsulfamoyl chloride (21 μl, 0.20 mmol), stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, and partitioned between CH2CI2 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 10:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base as a white solid. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.35 ml, 0.35 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (93 mg, 93%) as a white solid: mp 141.0-143.0 °C; IR 3378 (br), 2937, 1691, 1607, 1555, 1508 cm"1; Η NMR ([(CD3)2SO], D2O added, 87 °C) δ 1.53 (m, 2H), 1.86 (m, 3H), 2.58 (d, 7 = 6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.84 (s, 6H), 3.07-3.86 (m, 18H), 4.60 (m, IH), 6.74 (s, 2H), 7.22 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H); MS m/z 610 (M + H)+. Anal. (C28H4ιCl2N5O6S«lH2O) C, H, N. Example 17: Preparation of (±)-trans-3- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin- 1-yl] -
4- [3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido] -pyrrolidine- 1-carboxylic acid dimethylamide hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000057_0001
A solution of (±)-trø«s-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (90 mg, 0.18 mmol) and Et3N (37 μl, 0.27 mmol) in CH2C12 (2 ml) at 0 °C was treated with dimethylcarbamyl chloride (20 μl, 0.22 mmol), allowed to warm to room temperature slowly, stirred for 75 min, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 6:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free amine as a white solid. A solution of the free base in CH2CI2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.2 ml, 0.2 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (70 mg, 69%) as a yellow solid: mp 142.0-144.5 °C; IR 3272 (br), 2936, 1685, 1608, 1555, 1507 cm"1; Η NMR ( [(CD3)2SO], D2O added, 87 °C) δ 1.54 (m, 2H), 1.84 (m, 3H), 2.54 (m, 2H), 2.82 (s, 6H), 3.05-3.76 (m, 18H), 4.55 (m, IH), 6.76 (s, 2H), 7.22 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H); MS m/z 574 (M + H)+. Anal. (C29H41CI2N5O5 .IH2O) C, H, N. Example 18: Preparation of (±)-trαns-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrrolidine-l-carboxylic acid amide hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000058_0001
A solution of (±)-tra«s-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (120 mg, 0.24 mmol) and NaOCN (36 mg, 0.55 mmol) in CH3CN (2 ml) was treated with trifluoroacetic acid (36 μl, 0.48 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours and concentrated. The residue was partitioned between CH2CI2 and saturated NaHCO3, the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2, and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 5:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base as a white solid. A solution of the free base in CH2CI2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.2 ml, 0.2 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (70 mg, 54%) as a yellow solid: mp 158.0-162.0 °C; IR 3390 (br), 2935, 1654, 1605, 1554, 1508 cm"1; lH NMR ([(CD3)2SO], D2O added, 87 °C) δ 1.53-1.86 (m, 5H), 2.59 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.07-3.86 (m, 18H), 4.60 (m, IH), 6.74 (s, 2H), 7.22 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H); MS m/z 546 (M + H)+. Anal. (C27H37Cl2N5O5«l.lH2O) C, H, N
Example 19: Preparation of (±)-l-{(li?,2/?,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-methoxymethyl-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000059_0001
A mixture of (±)-l-{(Ii?,2Λ,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-
4-hydroxymethyl-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (160 mg, 0.30 mmol) and silica gel (1.5 g) in CH2CI2 (3 ml) at 0 °C was treated slowly with a fresh 0.5 N solution of diazomethane in Et2θ (60 ml, 30 mmol), allowed to warm to room temperature, stirred for 4 hours, and filtered. The silica gel was washed with methanol and the filtrate was concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 100:19:1 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH followed by another preparative TLC with 100:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (50 mg, 0.09 mmol) as a white foam. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.3 ml, 0.3 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (48 mg, 30%) as a white solid: mp 109.0-112.0 °C; IR 3420 (br), 2934, 1686, 1606, 1554, 1507 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.32-2.28 (m, 10H), 2.54 (m, 2H), 2.91 (m, 2H), 3.26-3.50 (m, 8H), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.71 (s, 6H), 4.33 (m, IH), 6.62 (d, 7 = 8.3 Hz, IH), 6.77 (s, 2H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 8.75 (s, IH), 10.14 (br s, IH); MS m/z 546 (M + H)+. Anal. (C29H41C12N3O5»0.9H2O) C, H, N.
Example 20: Preparation of (±)-l-{(ljR,2Λ,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-methoxy-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000059_0002
A mixture of (±)-l-{(l£,2i?,4S)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-hydroxy-cyclopentyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (105 mg, 0.20 mmol) and silica gel (1.0 g) in CH2C12 (2 ml) at 0 °C was treated slowly with a fresh 0.5 N solution of diazomethane in Et2θ (45 ml, 22.5 mmol), allowed to warm to room temperature slowly, stirred for 4 hours, and filtered. The silica gel was washed with methanol and the filtrate was concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 100:19:1 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (43 mg, 0.08 mmol) as a yellow solid. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.3 ml, 0.3 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (46 mg, 40%) as a tan solid: mp 112.5-119.5 °C; IR 3390 (br), 2935, 1686, 1607, 1555, 1506 cm"1; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.46-1.98 (m, 7H), 2.22 (m, 2H), 2.54 (m, 2H), 2.90 (m, 2H), 3.24 (s, 3H), 3.42 (m, 2H), 3.58 -3.85 (m, 11H), 4.50 (m, IH), 6.36 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, IH), 6.70 (s, 2H), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 10.10 (s, IH); MS m/z 532 (M + H)+. Anal. (C28H39C12N3O5«0.7H2O) C, H, N.
Example 21: Preparation of (±)-trαns-2-{3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-[3-(3,4)5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrrolidin-l-yl}-acetamide dihydrochloride.
Figure imgf000060_0001
A solution of (±)-trøns-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (90 mg, 0.18 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (2.5 ml) was treated successively with -Pr2NEt (47 μl, 0.27 mmol) and 2-iodoactamide (40 mg, 0.22 mmol), stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12, and the extracts were washed with H2O and brine, dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 10:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free amine as a yellow solid. A solution of the free base in CH2CI2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.3 ml, 0.3 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (54 mg, 50%) as a tan solid: mp 160.0-165.0 °C; IR 3414 (br), 2933, 1691, 1607, 1557, 1507 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.55-1.77 (m, 5H), 2.49 (m, 2H), 3.00-3.71 (m, 20H), 4.72 (br s, IH), 6.76 (s, 2H), 7.01 (br d, IH), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.58 (br s, IH), 7.83 (br s, IH), 9.12 (br s, IH); MS m/z 560 (M + H)+. Anal. (C28H4oCl3N5O5«1.3H2O) C, H, N.
Example 22: Preparation of (+)-tr «s-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-3-(4-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)urea.
Figure imgf000060_0002
A solution of triphosgene (47 mg, 0.16 mmol) in CH C12 (2 ml) was treated dropwise with a solution of (±)-traπs-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine (140 mg, 0.48mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (180 μl, 1.0 mmol) in CH2CI2 (1 ml) and added to a solution of 4-methoxy-naphfhalen-2-ylamine (83 mg, 0.48 mmol) and N,iV-diisopropylethylamine (180 μl, 1.0 mmol) in CH2C12 (1 ml). The reaction was stirred for 4 hours, washed with 1 N KHSO4, saturated NaHCO3, and brine, dried, and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 100:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (100 mg, 43%) as a yellow solid: mp 175-190 °C; MS m/z 492 (M + H)+.
Example 23: Preparation of (±)-trα«s-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- l-(2-methanesulfonyl-ethyl)-pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea dihydrochloride.
Figure imgf000061_0001
A solution of (±)-trans-l-{4- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimefhoxyphenyl)urea (100 mg, 0.20 mmol) in MeOH (1 ml) was treated with methyl vinyl sulfone (18 μl, 0.21 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 7:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free amine as a white solid. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.5 ml, 0.5 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (110 mg, 83%) as a white solid: mp 210.2-211.8 °C; IR 3422 (br), 2930, 1686, 1607, 1556, 1507 cm"1; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.54-1.77 (m, 5H), 2.51 (m, 2H), 3.05-3.71 (m, 25H), 4.71 (br s, IH), 6.75 (s, 2H), 6.92 (br d, IH), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 9.01 (s, IH); MS m/z 609 (M + H)+. Anal. (C29H43Cl3N4O6S«1.15H2O) C, H, N.
Example 24: Preparation of (±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-3-[2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ethyl]urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000061_0002
A solution of triphosgene (47 mg, 0.16 mmol) in CH2C12 (2 ml) was treated dropwise with a solution of (±)-trrt«s-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentylamine (140 mg, 0.48mmol) and JV,N-diisopropylethylamine (180 μl, 1.0 mmol) in CH2CI2 (1 ml) and added to a solution of 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ethylamine ( 101 mg, 0.48 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (180 μl, 1.0 mmol) in CH2C12 (1 ml). The reaction was stirred overnight and washed with saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were washed with brine, dried, and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 10:1 CH2θ2:MeOH gave the free base (83 mg, 0.16 mmol) as a yellow oil. A solution of the free base in CH2CI2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.3 ml, 0.3 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (86 mg, 32%) as a yellow solid: mp 90.3-95 °C; MS m/z 530 (M + H)+.
Example 25: Preparation of (±)-tr ns-3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrrolidine-l-sulfonic acid amide hydrochloride.
A solution of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (23 μl, 0.26 mmol) in CH2CI2 (1 ml) was treated with t-BuOH (21 μl, 0.22 mmol), stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and treated with a solution of (±)-trαns-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (110 mg, 0.22 mmol) and pyridine (19 μl, 0.24 mmol) in CH2CI2 (1 ml). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 days during which additional chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (46 μl, 0.52 mmol) and t-BuOH (42 μl, 0.44 mmol) was added, and partitioned between CH2C1 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 10:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave 55 mg of a yellow solid.
A solution of the solid in 10% HCl/MeOH (20 ml) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The MeOH was evaporated and the residue was partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were dried (MgSO ) and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 5:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base as a yellow solid. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.1 ml, 0.1 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (20 mg, 48%) as a tan solid: mp 155.7-160.0 °C; IR 3404 (br), 1686, 1607, 1554, 1507 cm'1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.48-1.77 (m, 5H), 2.54 (m, 2H), 3.00-3.83 (m, 18H), 4.60 (m, IH), 6.73 (s, 2H), 6.85 (m, IH), 7.11 (br s, 2H), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 8.76 (s, IH), 10.41 (s, IH); MS m/z 582 (M + H)+. Anal. (C26H37Cl2N5O6S«l.lH2O) C, H, N. Example 26: Preparation of (±)-trαns-N- {2- [4- (4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutyl}-4-methanesulfonyl-benzamide hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000063_0001
Following General Procedure F, a solution of (±)-trørcs-2- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)- piperidin-1-yl] -cyclobutylamine ( 130 mg, 80% pure, ~0.38 mmol) and
4-mefhanesulfonyl-benzoic acid ( 115 mg, 0.575 mmol) in CH2C12 (1 ml) at 0 °C was treated successively with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBt) (13 mg, 0.10 mmol) and l- [3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (DEC) (138 mg, 0.719 mmol), allowed to warm to room temperature slowly, stirred for 3 days, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (118 mg, 0.26 mmol) as a white solid. A solution of the free base (93 mg, 0.20 mmol) in CH2Cl2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.5 ml, 0.5 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (90 mg, 21% from (±)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone O-methyl-oxime) as a tan powder: mp 173.2-184.1 °C; IR 1657 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.45-2.20 (m, 9H), 2.52 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.80 (m, 2H), 3.20-3.45 (m, 5H), 3.68-3.79 (m, IH), 4.79-4.92 (m, IH), 7.21 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 8.00-8.19 (m, 4H), 9.38 (ά, J = 8.3 Hz, IH), 11.04-11.30 (m, IH); 13C NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 17.86, 21.23, 28.00, 34.70, 40.50, 43.21, 46.54, 48.69/49.15, 64.74, 126.90, 128.07, 128.34, 130.60, 130.78, 138.20, 138.35, 143.08, 164.24; MS m/z 461 (M + H)+. Anal. (C24H3oCl2N2O3S«0.4 CH2C12) C, H, N.
Example 27: Preparation of (±)-trα«s-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-l.l-dioxo- tetrahydro-lλ6-thiophen-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride
Figure imgf000063_0002
Following General Procedure C, (±)-t πs-4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- l.l-dioxo-tetrahydro-lλ6-thiophen-3-ylamine (60 mg, 0.18 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (44 mg, 0.21 mmol) were coupled in CH2C12 (1.5 ml) at 0 °C for 1 hour. Purification of the crude product by preparative TLC with 90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH and a subsequent preparative TLC with EtOAc gave the free base (55 mg, 0.10 mmol) as yellow solid. A solution of the free base in CH2CI2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2θ (0.3 ml, 0.3 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (59 mg, 57%) as a yellow solid: mp 162.0-166.0 °C; IR 3377 (br), 2935, 1690, 1606, 1556, 1506 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.48 (m, 2H), 1.78 (m, 3H), 2.56 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 2.89 (m, 2H), 3.21-3.60 (m, 6H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 3.99 (m, IH), 4.78 (m, IH), 6.74 (s, 2H), 7.19 (m, 2H), 7.31 (m, 2H); MS m/z 552 (M + H)+. Anal. (C27H37C12N3O«0.4H2O) C, H, N.
Step A: Preparation of (±)-tmns-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-l.l-dioxo- tetrah dro-lλ -thiophen-3-yU-carbamic acid ethyl ester
Figure imgf000064_0001
A solution of (4-chloro-l.l-dioxo-tetrahydro-lλ6-thiophen-3-yl)-carbamic acid ethyl ester (500 mg, 2.07 mmol) (Ohba, K.; Mori, K.; Kitahara, T.; Kitamura, S.; Matsui, M. Agr. Biol. Chem. 1974, 38, 1679) and 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperidine (599 mg, 2.85 mg) in EtOH (5 ml) was refluxed for 22 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue on silica gel with 95:4.75:0.25-90:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH and a subsequent preparative TLC with 10:1 CH2Cl2:MeOH gave the product (171 mg, 20%) as a yellow solid: 1H NMR δ 1.16-1.33 (m, 5H), 1.45-1.68 (m, 3H), 2.03 (m, IH), 2.26 (m, IH), 2.50 (d, 7= 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.80 (m, 2H), 2.92-3.08 (m,
2H), 3.19-3.36 (m, 2H), 3.78 (m, IH), 4.14 (q, J= 7.1 Hz, 2H), 4.25 (m, IH), 5.24 (br, IH), 7.04 (m, 2H), 7.21 (m, 2H); MS m/z 415.2 (M + H)+.
Step B: Preparation of (±)-trflns-4- 4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-l.l-dioxo- tetrahydro- lλ -thiophen-3-ylamine
Figure imgf000064_0002
A solution of (±)-trαπs- {4- [4- (4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin- l-yl]-l.1-dioxo- tetrahydro-lλ6-thiophen-3-yl}-carbamic acid ethyl ester (170 mg, 0.41 mmol) in 48% aqueous HBr (3 ml) was refluxed for 16 hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, and poured onto a mixture of ice and granular Na2CO3. The reaction mixture was completely neutralized and extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were washed with brine, dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 100:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (60 mg, 43%) as a yellow solid: Η NMR δ 1.26 (m, 2H), 1.49 (m, IH), 1.66 (m, 4H), 2.00 (m, IH), 2.29 (m, IH), 2.50 (d, J= 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.77-2.91 (m, 3H), 3.00-3.22 (m, 3H), 3.44 (m, IH), 3.65 (m, IH), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.26 (m, 2H); MS m/z 343.1 (M + H)+.
Example 28: Preparation of (±)-trøns-3-{3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yι]- 4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-ureido]-pyrrolidin-l-yl}-3-oxo-propinoic acid.
Figure imgf000065_0001
A solution of (±)-tra«s-l-{4-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- pyrrolidin-3-yl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea (82 mg, 0.16 mmol) in CH C12 (3 ml) at 0 °C was treated successively with Et3N (27 μl, 0.20 mmol) and methyl malonyl chloride (19 μl, 0.18 mmol) and allowed to warm to room temperature slowly. The reaction was stirred for 19 hours, during which additional Et3N (27 μl, 0.20 mmol) and methyl malonyl chloride (19 μl, 0.18 mmol) was added, and partitioned between CH2C12 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were dried and concentrated to give 87 mg of ester as a yellow solid which was used directly in the next step: Η NMR δ 1.08-1.61 (m, 5H), 2.03-2.48 (m, 4H), 2.74-3.93 (m, 21H), 4.50 (m, IH), 5.82 (m, IH), 6.70 (s, 2H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 7.49 (br s, IH); MS m/z 603.2 (M + H)+.
A solution of the ester in 5% KOH/MeOH (6 ml) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The MeOH was evaporated, the residue was treated carefully with 1 N HCI until the pH ~ 7 and extracted with CH2Cl2, and extracts were dried and concentrated. Purification of the residue by preparative TLC with 95:5 MeOH:NH4OH and a subsequent preparative TLC with 4:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the product (40 mg, 42%) as a yellow solid: mp 184.0-184.9 °C; IR 3377, 2924, 1607, 1554, 1506 cm"1; lH NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 1.15-1.49 (m, 5H), 2.15 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.00-3.71 (m, 18H), 4.62 (m, IH), 6.80 (s, 2H), 7.13 (m, 3H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 8.87 (m, IH); MS m/z 589 (M + H)+.
Example 29: Preparation of (±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000066_0001
A solution of (±)-trα«5-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutylamine (130 mg, 80% pure, -0.38 mmol) in CH2C12 (1 ml) at 0 °C was treated with 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimefhoxybenzene (110 mg, 0.53 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 2 hours, during which additional 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (25 mg, 0.12 mmol) was added, and partitioned between CH2C1 and saturated NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 and the extracts were dried and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue with 1:1 hexanes:EtOAc to 100% EtOAc followed by 95:4.75:0.25-50:47.5:2.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (138 mg, 0.28 mmol) as a glassy solid. A solution of the free base (74 mg, 0.15 mmol) in CH2CI2 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.5 ml, 0.5 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (76 mg, 25% from (±)-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutanone O-methyl-oxime) as a yellow powder: mp 127.4-128.2 °C; IR 1691, 1607, 1555, 1507 cm"1; Η NMR [(CD3)2SO, 77 °C] δ 1.45-1.85 (m, 6H), 1.93-2.20 (m, 3H), 2.54 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.65-2.80 (m, 2H), 3.07 (br s, 0.5H), 3.28 (m, IH), 3.47-3.62 (m, 1.5H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 3.72 (s, 6H), 4.45-4.58 (m, IH), 6.75 (m, 2H), 6.90-7.03 (m, IH), 7.19 (m, 2H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 8.67 (br s, 0.8H), 8.76 (br s, 0.2H), 10.70-11.00 (m, IH); MS m/z 488 (M + H)+. Anal. (C26H34C12N3O4»0.65H2O) C, H, N. Example 30: Preparation of (±)-ris-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutyl}-4-methanesulfonyl-benzamide hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000066_0002
Following General Procedure F, (±)-ris-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutylamine (100 mg, 90% pure, -0.33 mmol) and 4-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid (88 mg, 0.44 mmol) were coupled in CH2C12 (3 ml) using HOBt (25 mg, 0.18 mmol) and DEC (106 mg, 0.55 mmol) at 0 °C for 3.5 hours. Purification of the crude product by preparative TLC with 10:0.95:0.05 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH4OH gave the free base (102 mg, 0.22 mmol) as a colorless oil. A solution of the free base (82 mg, 0.18 mmol) in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.5 ml, 0.5 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (83 mg, 64%) as a white solid: mp 130.0-132.5 °C; IR 3438, 2924, 1662, 1541 cm"1; MS m/z 461 (M + H)+. Anal. (C24H3oCl2N2O3S*0.35H2O) C, H, N.
Example 31: Preparation of (±)-cι's-l-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclobutyl}- 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)urea hydrochloride.
Figure imgf000067_0001
Following General Procedure D, (±)-cz's-2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclobutylamine (40 mg, 0.15 mmol) and 5-isocyanato-l,2,3-trimethoxybenzene (37 mg, 0.18 mmol) were coupled in CH2C1 (1 ml) at 0 °C for 1 hour. Purification of the crude product by preparative TLC with 100:9.5:0.5 CH2Cl2:MeOH:NH OH and a subsequent preparative TLC with EtOAc gave the free base as a yellow solid. A solution of the free base in CH2C12 was treated with 1 N HCI in Et2O (0.1 ml, 0.1 mmol) and concentrated to give the product (26 mg, 34%) as a tan solid: mp 123.7-127.9 °C; IR 3423, 2925, 1690, 1607, 1556, 1507. Anal. (C26H35Cl2N3O4»0.7H2O) C, H, N.
Example 32: The following compound was prepared using General Procedure C, with the appropriate amine and isocyanate.
(±)-traπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3,4,5-trimefhoxyphenyl)urea.
Example 33: The following compounds were prepared using General Procedure E, with the appropriate amine and carboxylic acid.
(±)-tmπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]cyclohexyl}- 2-[5-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-pyrimidin-2-ylsulfanyl]acetamide; and (±)-traπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]cyclopentyl}-
2-[5-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-pyrimidin-2-ylsulfanyl]acetamide.
Example 34: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure F, using the appropriate amine and carboxylic acid. (±)-αs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
2- [5- (3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-pyrimidin-2-ylsulfanyl]-acetamide hydrochloride; (±)- s-JV-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclohexyl}-2-[5-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-pyrimidin-2-ylsulfanyl]-acetamide hydrochloride; and
(±)-tra«s-iV-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cydobutyl}-2-[5-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-pyrimidin-2-ylsulfanyl]-acetamide hydrochloride.
Example 35: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure G, using the appropriate amine and sulfonyl chloride.
(±)-tra«s-4-Chloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-trrtπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl 1]] -cyclopentyl} - 3-fluoro-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-tr «s-JV-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl l]]-cyclopentyl}- 4-efhyl-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-trøns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yll]]-cyclopentyl}- 3-methoxy-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-traπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1]] -cyclopentyl} - 2,4-difluoro-benzenesulfonamide; (±)-trππs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl1]] -cyclopentyl } -
3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-traπs-iV-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-y 1l]] -cyclopentyl } - 4-methyl-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-trα«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yll]]-cyclopentyl}- 4-fluoro-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-y 1l]] -cyclopentyl}- 2-fluoro-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-traπs-2-Chloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- benzenesulfonamide; (±)-traπs-4-Acetyl-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-trn«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-nitro-benzenesulfonamide; (±)-tra -N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-nitro-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-trαπs-3-Chloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 2-methyl-benzenesulfonamide; (±)-traπs-Naphthalene-l-sulfonic acid {2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl} -amide;
(±)-tra«s-2-Chloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 4-fluoro-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-trαns-N-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3,4-dimethoxy-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-trøns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2,5-dimethoxy-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-trfl«5-2,3-Dichloro-iV-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)pipeπdin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzenesulfonamide; (±)-traπs-2,4-Dichloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl} - benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-tr πs-3,4-Dichloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-tmπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-methanesulfonyl-benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-traπs-4-Bromo-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzenesulfonamide;
(±)-tratts-4-Chloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-nitro-benzenesulfonamide; (±)-t ns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
2-nitro-benzenesulfonamide; and
(±)-tmπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-nitro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide.
Example 36: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure H, using the appropriate amine and acid chloride.
(±)-traπs-4-Chloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzamide;
(±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-benzamide; (±)-traπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-fluoro-benzamide;
(±)-trans-2-Chloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzamide; (±)-tra -3-Chloro-iV-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzamide;
(±)-trøns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 2-methyl-benzamide;
(±)-trøns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-methyl-benzamide;
(±)-trrtns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 4-methyl-benzamide;
(±)-tr ns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-methoxy-benzamide; (±)-trfl«s-JV-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-
2-trifluoromethyl-benzamide;
(±)-t πs-iV-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)pipeπdin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-methoxy-benzamide;
(±)-traπ5-iV-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 4-fluoro-benzamide;
(±)-traπ5-3-Bromo-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzamide;
(±)-traπs-2,4-Dichloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzamide; (±)-trøns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-
4-trifluoromethyl-benzamide;
(±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-trifluoromethyl-benzamide;
(±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzamide;
(±)-traπs-4-tert-Butyl-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzamide;
(±)-trøns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-ethoxy-benzamide; (±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-cyano-benzamide;
(±)-traπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-cyano-benzamide; (±)-traπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
4-methoxy-benzamide;
(±)-trαπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-nitro-benzamide;
(±)-trαns-N-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-nitro-benzamide;
(±)-trnns-N-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3,5-dimethoxy-benzamide;
(±)-trαπ5-3,4-Dichloro-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzamide; (±)-trøπs-4-Bromo-N-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- benzamide; and
(±)-trøns-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-iodo-benzamide.
Example 37: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure I, using the appropriate amine and carboxylic acid.
(±)-tr πs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-isopropyl-benzamide;
(±)-tr«πs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-isophthalamic acid methyl ester;
(±)-trans-N-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 4-mefhanesulfonyl-benzamide;
(±)-tm«s-3-Acetyl-AT-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- benzamide; (±)-trans-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
2-o-tolyl-acetamide;
(±)-trαns-N-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-m-tolyl-acetamide; (±)-trαπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-p-tolyl-acetamide;
(±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-acetamide; (±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
2 - ( 3 - methoxy-phenyl) -acetamide;
(±)-trans-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-acetamide;
(±)-traπs-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-(3-chloro-phenyl)-acetamide;
(±)-tra«s-N-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-acetamide;
(±)-trαns-5-Methyl-lH-indole-2-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin- 1-yl] -cyclopentyl} -amide; (±)-trans-5-Fluoro-lH-indole-2-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-
1-yl] -cyclopentyl} -amide;
(±)-trøns-2-(3-Bromo-phenyl)-N-{2- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] - cyclopentylj-acetamide;
(±)-traπs-JV-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-acetamide;
(±)-tran5-lH-Indole-2-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-amide;
(±)-traπ5-5-Methoxy-lH-indole-2-carboxylic acid (2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)- piperidin-1-yl] -cyclopentyl} -amide; and (±)-traπs-5-Chloro-lH-indole-2-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-
1 -yl] -cyclopentyl} -amide.
Example 38: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure J, using the appropriate amine and isocyanate. (±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(4-chloro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trrt«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-o-tolyl-urea; (±)-tra«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(2-chloro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trø«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3-chloro-phenyl)urea; (±)-trøns-l-(3-Bromo-phenyl)-3-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-urea;
(±)-tmπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-3-p-tolyl-urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-m-tolyl-urea;
(±)-tm -l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-3-(4-methoxy— phenyl)urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3-methoxy-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(2-methoxy-phenyl)urea; (±)-tmπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-cyclohexyl-urea;
(±)-trørts-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)urea;
(±)-t -l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)urea; (±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-
3-(4-ethoxy-phenyl)urea;
(±)-tra«5-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-isopropyl-phenyl)urea;
(±)-tra«5-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-cyano-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trø -l-(3-Acetyl-phenyl)-3-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-urea;
(±)-trø -l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3-nitro-phenyl)urea; (±)-tra«5-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(4-nitro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-tra -2-(3-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- ureido)-benzoic acid methyl ester; (±)-trα«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3,5-dimefhoxy-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)urea; (±)-tmn5-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-tra«5-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trøns-l-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-3-{2- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-tr πs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3-fluoro-phenyl)urea; (±)-trøns-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-traπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(2,3-dichloro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trøHS-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-ethyl-phenyl)urea;
(±)-traπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-naphthalen-l-yl-urea;
(±)-tmπs-l-(3,5-Bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-3-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin- 1-yl] -cyclopentyl} -urea; (±)-t πs-l-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(2-nitro-phenyl)urea; and
(±)-tra«s-l-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-iodo-phenyl)urea.
Example 39: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure K, using the appropriate amine and isocyanate.
(±)-tra«s-l-(4-Acetyl-phenyl)-3-{2- [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-urea; (±)-trfl«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-3-phenyl-urea; (±)-tra«s-l-Benzyl-3-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-urea;
(±)-trα«5-l-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- -(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)urea; (±)-tra«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-phenethyl-urea;
(±)-trflπ5-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-phenethyl-urea;
(±)-trø«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- -(2,5-dimethyl-phenyl)urea;
(±)-tra«s-l-{(lΛ,2i?)-2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-((S)-l-phenyl-ethyl)urea;
(±)-trøns-l-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(2-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)urea; (±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)urea;
(±)-frαπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)urea;
(±)-tra«s-l-(4-tert-Butyl-phenyl)-3-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] - cyclopentyl} -urea;
(±)-trαns-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(2-thiophen-2-yl-ethyl)urea;
(±)-traπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-methyl-benzyl)urea; (±)-trøns-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-
3-(4-chloro-3-nitro-phenyl)urea;
(±)-trnπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-fluoro-benzyl)urea;
(±)-trrms- l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(2-methyl-benzyl)urea;
(±)-tra -l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3-methyl-benzyl)urea; (±)-frn«s-l-(2-Chlorobenzyl)-3-{2-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]- cyclopentyl}-urea;
(±)-tra«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-methoxy-benzyl)urea; and (±)-trøns-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)urea.
Example 40: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure L, using the appropriate aniline and Phoxime resin. (±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(3-ethoxy-phenyl)urea;
(±)-tr πs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-naphthalen-2-yl-urea;
(±)-tra«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-isoquinolin-3-yl-urea;
(±)-trørcs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(2-methylquinolin-6-yl)urea;
(±)-tra -l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}- 3-(3-methylamino-phenyl)urea; (±)-trøns-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-quinolin-3-yl-urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-quinolin-2-yl-urea;
(±)-traπs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(5-hydroxy-naphthalen-2-yl)urea;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(8-hydroxy-quinolin-2-yl)urea; and
(±)-trα«s-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(5,7-dimethyl-[ l,8]naphthyridin-2-yl)urea.
Example 41: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure M, using the appropriate aniline.
(±)-trrtns-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-quinolin-6-yl-urea; (±)-trøns-N'-[3-(3-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- ureido)-phenyl] -acetamide;
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)urea; and (±)-trøns-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-
3-(3-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)urea.
Example 42: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure N, using the appropriate thioisocyanate.
(±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-o-tolyl-thiourea;
(±)-trøHs-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-m-tolyl-thiourea; l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(3-chloro-phenyl)-thiourea; (±)-trans-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-3-p-tolyl-thiourea;
(±)-trøns-l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-thiourea; and
(±)-trfl -l-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}- 3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-thiourea.
Example 43: The following compounds were prepared following General Procedure O, using the appropriate succinimide.
(±)-trans-{2- [4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid 4-fluoro-benzyl ester; (±)-trαns-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid
3-chlorobenzyl ester;
(±)-trans-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid 4-chlorobenzyl ester;
(±)-t π5-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid 2-chlorobenzyl ester;
(±)-traπ5-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid 3-nitro-benzyl ester; (±)-trfl«s-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid 3-trifluoromefhyl-benzyl ester;
(±)-traπs-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid 3,4-dichlorobenzyl ester; (±)-trα«s-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid
3,5-dichlorobenzyl ester;
(±)-trα«5-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl] -cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid benzyl ester; and
(±)-tr «s-{2-[4-(4-Chlorobenzyl)piperidin-l-yl]-cyclopentyl}-carbamic acid 4- nitro-benzyl ester.
Example 44: Formulation Examples
The following are representative pharmaceutical Formulations containing a compound of Formula (I).
Tablet Formulation
The following ingredients are mixed intimately and pressed into single scored tablets.
Quantity per
Ingredient tablet, mg
compound of this invention 400
cornstarch 50
croscarmellose sodium 25
lactose 120
magnesium stearate 5
Capsule Formulation
The following ingredients are mixed intimately and loaded into a hard-shell gelatin capsule. Quantity per
Ingredient capsule, mg
compound of this invention 200
lactose, spray- dried 148
magnesium stearate 2
Suspension Formulation
The following ingredients are mixed to form a suspension for oral administration.
Ingredient Amount
compound of this invention 1.0 g
fumaric acid 0.5 g
sodium chloride 2.0 g
methyl paraben 0.15 g
propyl paraben 0.05 g
granulated sugar 25.5 g
sorbit (70% solution) 12.85 g
Veegum K (Vanderbilt Co.) 1.0 g
flavoring 0.035 ml
colorings 0.5 mg
distilled water q.s. to 100 ml
Injectable Formulation
The following ingredients are mixed to form an injectable Formulation.
Ingredient Amount
compound of this invention 0.2 g sodium acetate buffer solution, 0.4M 2.0 ml
HCI ( IN) or NaOH ( IN) q.s. to suitable pH
water (distilled, sterile) q.s. to 20 ml
Liposomal Formulation
The following ingredients are mixed to form a liposomal Formulation.
Ingredient Amount
compound of this invention 10 mg
L-.alpha.-phosphatidylcholine 150 mg
tert-butanol 4 ml
Freeze dry the sample and lyophilize overnight. Reconstitute the sample with 1 ml 0.9% saline solution. Liposome size can be reduced by sonication.
Example 45: CCR-3 Receptor Binding Assay—In Vitro
The CCR-3 antagonistic activity of the compounds of the invention was determined by their ability to inhibit the binding of l I eotaxin to CCR-3 LI.2 transfectant cells (see Ponath, P. D. et al., J. Exp. Med., Vol. 183, 2437-2448, (1996)).
The assay was performed in Costar 96-well polypropylene round bottom plates. Test compounds were dissolved in DMSO and then diluted with binding buffer (50 mM HEPES, 1 mM CaCl.sub.2, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.5% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.02% sodium azide, pH 7.24) such that the final DMSO concentration was 2%. 25 μl of the test solution or only buffer with DMSO (control samples) was added to each well, followed by the addition of 25 μl of 125I-eotaxin (100 pmol) (NEX314, New England Nuclear, Boston, Mass.) and 1.5 x 105 of the CCR-3 LI.2 transfected cells in 25 μl binding buffer. The final reaction volume was 75 μl.
After incubating the reaction mixture for 1 hour at room temperature, the reaction was terminated by filtering the reaction mixture through polyethylenimine treated Packard Unifilter GF/C filter plate (Packard, Chicago, 111.). The filters were washed four times with ice cold wash buffer containing 10 mm HEPES and 0.5M sodium chloride (pH 7.2) and dried at 65°C. for approximately 10 minutes. 25 μl/well of Microscint-20® scintillation fluid (Packard) was added and the radioactivity retained on the filters was determined by using the Packard TopCount®.
Compounds of this invention were active in this assay.
Figure imgf000081_0001
Example 46: Inhibition of Eotaxin Mediated Chemotaxis of CCR-3 Ll.2 Transfectant Cells— In Vitro Assay
The CCR-3 antagonistic activity of the compounds of this invention can be determined by measuring the inhibition of eotaxin mediated chemotaxis of the CCR-3 Ll.2 transfectant cells, using a slight modification of the method described in Ponath, P. D. et al., J. Clin. Invest. 97: 604-612 (1996). The assay is performed in a 24-well chemotaxis plate (Costar Corp., Cambridge, Mass.). CCR-3 Ll.2 transfectant cells are grown in culture medium containing RPMI 1640, 10% Hyclone® fetal calf serum, 55 mM 2- mercaptoethanol and Geneticin 418 (0.8 mg/ml). 18-24 hours before the assay, the transfected cells are treated with n-butyric acid at a final concentration of 5 mM/lxlO cells/ml, isolated and resuspended at lxlO7 cells/ml in assay medium containing equal parts of RPMI 1640 and Medium 199 (M 199) with 0.5% bovine serum albumin.
Human eotaxin suspended in phosphate buffered saline at 1 mg/ml is added to bottom chamber in a final concentration of 100 nm. Transwell culture inserts (Costar Corp., Cambridge, Mass.) having 3 micron pore size are inserted into each well and Ll.2 cells ( 1x10°) are added to the top chamber in a final volume of 100 μl. Test compounds in DMSO are added both to the top and bottom chambers such that the final DMSO volume is 0.5%. The assay is performed against two sets of controls. The positive control contained cells with no test compound in the top chamber and only eotaxin in the lower chamber. The negative control contains cells with no test compound in the top chamber and neither eotaxin nor test compound in lower chamber. The plate is incubated at 37 °C. After 4 hours, the inserts are removed from the chambers and the cells that have migrated to the bottom chamber are counted by pipetting out 500 μl of the cell suspension from the lower chamber to 1.2 ml Cluster tubes (Costar) and counting them on a FACS for 30 seconds.
Example 47: Inhibition of Eotaxin Mediated Chemotaxis of Human Eosinophils— In Vitro Assay
The ability of compounds of the invention to inhibit eotaxin mediated chemotaxis of human eosinophils can be assessed using a slight modification of procedure described in Carr, M. W. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91: 3652-3656 (1994). Experiments are performed using 24 well chemotaxis plates (Costar Corp., Cambridge, Mass.). Eosinophils are isolated from blood using the procedure described in PCT Application, Publication No. WO 96/22371. The endothelial cells used are the endothelial cell line ECV 304 obtained from European Collection of Animal Cell Cultures (Porton Down, Salisbury, U.K.). Endothelial cells are cultured on 6.5 mm diameter Biocoat.RTM. Transwell tissue culture inserts (Costar Corp., Cambridge, Mass.) with a 3.0 μM pore size. Culture media for ECV 304 cells consists of M199, 10% Fetal Calf Serum, L-glutamine and antibiotics. Assay media consists of equal parts RPMI 1640 and M199, with 0.5% BSA. 24 hours before the assay 2xl05 ECV 304 cells are plated on each insert of the 24-well chemotaxis plate and incubated at 37 X. 20 nM of eotaxin diluted in assay medium is added to the bottom chamber. The final volume in bottom chamber is 600 μl. The endothelial coated tissue culture inserts are inserted into each well. 10 eosinophil cells suspended in 100 μl assay buffer are added to the top chamber. Test compounds dissolved in DMSO are added to both top and bottom chambers such that the final DMSO volume in each well was 0.5%. T he assay is performed against two sets of controls. The positive control contains cells in the top chamber and eotaxin in the lower chamber. The negative control contains cells in the top chamber and only assay buffer in the lower chamber. The plates are incubated at 37 °C. in 5% CO2 /95% air for 1-1.5 hours.
The cells that migrate to the bottom chamber are counted using flow cytometry. 500 μl of the cell suspension from the lower chamber are placed in a tube, and relative cell counts are obtained by acquiring events for a set time period of 30 seconds.
Example 48: Inhibition of Eosinophil Influx Into the Lungs of Ovalbumin Sensitized Balb/c Mice by CCR-3 Antagonist-In Vivo Assay
The ability of the compounds of the invention to inhibit leukocyte infiltration into the lungs can be determined by measuring the inhibition of eosinophil accumulation into the bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of Ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized balb/c mice after antigen challenge by aerosol. Briefly, male balb/c mice weighing 20-25g are sensitized with OA (10 μg in 0.2 ml aluminum hydroxide solution) intraperitoneally on days 1 and 14. After a week, the mice are divided into ten groups. Test compound or only vehicle (control group) or anti-eotaxin antibody (positive control group) is administered either intraperitoneally, subcutaneously or orally. After 1 hour, the mice are placed in a Plexiglass box and exposed to OA aerosol generated by a PARISTAR.TM. nebulizer (PARI, Richmond, Va.) for 20 minutes. Mice which have not been sensitized or challenged are included as a negative control. After 24 or 72 hours, the mice are anesthetized (urethane, approx. 1 g/kg, i.p.), a tracheal cannula (PE 60 tubing) is inserted and the lungs are lavaged four times with 0.3 ml PBS. The BAL fluid is transferred into plastic tubes and kept on ice. Total leukocytes in a 20 μl aliquot of the BAL fluid is determined by Coulter Counter .TM. (Coulter, Miami, Fla.). Differential leukocyte counts are made on Cytospin.TM. preparations which have been stained with a modified Wright's stain (DiffQuick.TM.) by light microscopy using standard morphological criteria.
The foregoing invention has been described in some detail by way of illustration and example, for purposes of clarity and understanding. It will be obvious to one of skill in the art that changes and modifications may be practiced within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, it is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the following appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. AU patents, patent applications and publications cited in this application are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes to the same extent as if each individual patent, patent application or publication were so individually denoted.

Claims

Claims
1. A compound of Formula (I):
Figure imgf000085_0001
(I) wherein:
R1 is (Cι-C2)alkylene ;
R2 is optionally substituted phenyl;
R3 is hydrogen, Cι_6 alkyl, acyl, aryl, or aryl .6 alkyl;
ring A is a C3- cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or optionally substituted phenyl;
L is -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -SO2-, -C(=O)N(Ra)-, -C(=S) N(Ra)-, -SO2 N(Ra)-,
-C(=O)O-, -C(=S)O-, -S(=O)2O-;
where Ra is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, acyl, aryl, aryl C1-6 alkyl, Cι-6 alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyloxycarbonyl;
X is absent, -(CR'R")O-, -(CR'R")S-,-(CR'R")NRb- or Cι.6 alkylene;
where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or Q.6 alkyl, and Rb is hydrogen or .6 alkyl;
R is aryl or heteroaryl; and
R5 is hydrogen or -6 alkyl;
provided that when R1 is -CH2-, R is phenyl, R is hydrogen, R5 is hydrogen, A is phenyl, L is -C(=O)NH- and X is absent, then R4 is not 2,5-difluorophenyl; or
prodrugs, individual isomers, racemic and non-racemic mixtures of isomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein
the term "optionally substituted phenyl" refers to a phenyl group which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of -6 alkyl, halo Cι-6 alkyl, hydroxy -6 alkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, Q.6 alkylamino, di Q.6 alkylamino, Q.6 alkylthio, Q.6 alkylsulfinyl, Q.6 alkylsulfonyl, -SO2NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or Q.6 alkyl), Q .6 alkoxy, halo Q.6 alkoxy, Q.6 alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy;
the term "acyl" refers to a radical -C(O)R, where R is hydrogen, Q-6 alkyl, C3.7 cycloalkyl, C3.7 cycloalkyl Q_6 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl Q-6 alkyl;
the term "aryl" refrs to a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical of 6 to 10 ring atoms which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of Q.6 alkyl, halo Q.6 alkyl, hydroxy Q-6 alkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, Q-6 alkylamino, di Q.6 alkylamino, Q-6 alkylthio, Q.6 alkylsulfinyl, Q.6 alkylsulfonyl, -SO2NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or Q.6 alkyl), Q-6 alkoxy, halo Q-6 alkoxy, Q-6 alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy;
the term "heteroaryl" refers to a monocyclic or bicyclic radical of 5 to 12 ring atoms having at least one aromatic ring containing one, two, or three ring heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S, the remaining ring atoms being C, with the understanding that the attachment point of the heteroaryl radical will be on an aromatic ring, and the heteroaryl ring is optionally substituted independently with one or more substituents selected from Q_6 alkyl, halo Q.6 alkyl, hydroxy Q.6 alkyl, heteroalkyl, acyl, acylamino, amino, Q-6 alkylamino, di Q-6 alkylamino, Q-6 alkylthio, Q.6 alkylsulfinyl, Q-6 alkylsulfonyl, - SO2NR'R" (where R' and R" are independently hydrogen or Q.6 alkyl), Q.6 alkoxy, halo Q-6 alkoxy, Q.6 alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, mercapto, methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy or optionally substituted phenyl;
the term "heteroalkyl" refers to an Q.6 alkyl radical wherein one, two or three hydrogen atoms have been replaced with a substituent independently selected from the group consisting of -ORd, -NRbRc, and -S(O)nRd (where n is an integer from 0 to 2), with the understanding that the point of attachment of the heteroalkyl radical is through a carbon atom, wherein R is hydrogen, acyl, Q.6 alkyl, C3. cycloalkyl, or C3. cycloalkyl Q.6 alkyl; R and R are independently of each other hydrogen, acyl, Q.6 alkyl, C .7 cycloalkyl, or C3. cycloalkyl Q_6 alkyl; when n is 0, R is hydrogen, Q.6 alkyl, C3.7 cycloalkyl, or C3-7 cycloalkyl Cι-6 alkyl, and when n is 1 or 2, R is Q.6 alkyl, C3-7 cycloalkyl, C3- cycloalkyl Q. 6 alkyl, amino, acylamino, mono Q-6 alkylamino, or di Q_6 alkylamino;
the term "heterocyclyl" refers to a saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic cyclic radical of 3 to 8 ring atoms in which one or two ring atoms are heteroatoms selected from NRX {wherein each Rx is independently hydrogen, Q.6 alkyl, acyl, Q-6 alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, (Q.6 alkylamino)sulfonyl, (di Q.6 alkylamino)sulfonyl, carbamoyl, (Q-6 alkylamino)carbonyl, (di Q.6 alkylamino)carbonyl, (carbamoyl) Q-6 alkyl, (Q-6 alkylamino)carbonyl Q.6 alkyl, or di Q.6 alkylaminocarbonyl Q-6 alkyl}, O, or S(O)n (where n is an integer from 0 to 2), the remaining ring atoms being C and the heterocyclyl ring may be optionally substituted independently with one, two, or three substituents selected from Q_6 alkyl, halo Q_6 alkyl, heteroalkyl, halo, nitro, cyano Q_6 alkyl, hydroxy, Q-6 alkoxy, amino, mono Q_6 alkylamino, di Q.6 alkylamino, aryl Q.6 alkyl, -(X)n-C(O)R (where X is O or NR', n is 0 or 1, R is hydrogen, Q .6 alkyl, halo Q.6 alkyl, hydroxy, Q-6 alkoxy, amino, mono Q.6 alkylamino, di Q.6 alkylamino or optionally substituted phenyl, and R' is hydrogen or Q.6 alkyl), - Q.6 alkylene-C(O)R (where R is hydrogen, Q-6 alkyl, halo Q _6 alkyl, hydroxy, Q-6 alkoxy, amino, mono Q.6 alkylamino, di Q.6 alkylamino or optionally substituted phenyl) or -S(O)nR (where n is an integer from 0 to 2, and R is hydrogen (provided that n is 0), Q_6 alkyl, halo Q.6 alkyl, C3. cycloalkyl, C . cycloalkyl Q. 6 alkyl, amino, mono Q.6 alkylamino, di Q.6 alkylamino, or hydroxy Q-β alkyl).
2. The compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of Formula (II):
Figure imgf000087_0001
(ID
wherein R -R5, A, L, and X are as defined in claim 1.
3. The compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of Formula (III):
Figure imgf000088_0001
(HI)
wherein R^R5, A, L, and X are as defined in claim 1.
4. The compound according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein R1 is methylene.
5. The compound according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein R2 is 4-chlorophenyl or 3 ,4- dichlorophenyl.
6. The compound according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein R3 is hydrogen.
7. The compound according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein L is -C(=O)-, -SO2-, -C(=O)N(Ra)-, -C(=S)N(Ra)-, or -C(=O)O-.
8. The compound according to claim 7 wherein L is -C(=O)-.
9. The compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of Formula (IV):
Figure imgf000088_0002
(IV)
wherein R3, R4, A, L, and X are as defined in claim 1.
10. The compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of Formula (VI):
Figure imgf000089_0001
(VI)
wherein X and R4 are as defined in claim 1.
11. The compound according to claim 7 wherein X is absent, methylene, 1,2-ethanediyl, 1,3-propanediyl, or 1,4-butanediyl.
12. The compound according to claim 11 wherein R4 is 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-mefhanesulfonylphenyl, 3-methanesulfonylphenyl, 4-mefhoxynaphfhalen-2-yl, 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl, phenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-ethylphenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4- fluorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 4- carbamoylphenyl, 3-carbamoylphenyl, 4-acetylphenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 2- chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,5-dimefhoxyphenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl, 2-nitrophenyl, 2-nitro-4- trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 2-trifluoromethylphenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3- trifluoromethylphenyl, 3,5-bis-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-tert-butylphenyl, 4-ethoxyphenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 3-nitrophenyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 4- iodophenyl, 4-isopropylphenyl, 3-mefhoxycarbonylphenyl, 3-acetylphenyl, 2- methylphenyl, indol-2-yl, 5-mefhoxyindol-2-yl, 5-chloroindol-2-yl, 2- methoxycarbonylphenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 1-naphthyl, 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl, 2,5- dimethylphenyl, 2-thienyl, 3-ethoxyphenyl, 3-isoquinolyl, 2-methylquinolin-6-yl, 3- methylaminophenyl, 3-quinolyl, 2-quinolyl, 5-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl, 8- hydroxyquinolin-2-yl, 5,7-dimethyl-[l,8]naphthyridin-2-yl, 6-quinolyl, 3- (acetylamino)phenyl, or 2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl.
13. The compound according to claim 12 wherein R4 is 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4- acetyl-phenyl, 3- carbamoylphenyl, 4-carbamoylphenyl, 3-methanesulfonylphenyl or 4- methanesulfonyl-phenyl.
14. The compound according to claim 8, wherein X is -CH2S- and R4 is 5-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)-pyrirnidin-2-yl, 5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl or 5- (4- methoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl) and a salt thereof.
15. The compound according to claim 1, wherein ring A is C3.7 cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl or substituted phenyl.
16. The compound according to claim 15, wherein ring A is C3.7 cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl.
17. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R2 is substituted phenyl.
18. A method for preparing a compound of Formula (I) according to claim 1, wherein L is -C(=O)NRa-, Ra is hydrogen, comprising reacting a compound of Formula (la)
Figure imgf000090_0001
with an isocyanate of a formula; R4-N=C=O.
19. A method for preparing a compound of Formula (I) according to claim 1, wherein L is -C(=O)-, comprising reacting a compound of Formula (la)
Figure imgf000090_0002
with a compound of a formula; R4-C(=O)OH.
20. A composition containing a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to any one of claims 1-17, or a salt thereof; and an excipient.
21. A compound according to any one of claims 1-17, or a salt thereof for use in medical therapy or diagnosis.
22. A use of a compound of Formula (I) according to any one of claims 1-17, or a salt thereof; for the manufacture of a medicament comprising one or more compounds according to any one of claims 1-17, or a salt thereof for the treatment of a disease treatable by a CCR-3 receptor antagonist.
23. The use according to claim 22, wherein the disease is asthma.
24. The invention as herein before described, particularly with reference to the new compounds, intermediates, medicaments, uses and processes.
PCT/EP2002/013218 2001-11-30 2002-11-25 N-ureido-piperidines as antagonists viii for ccr-3 receptor WO2003045937A1 (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2005000803A3 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-03-03 Sumitomo Chemical Co Asymmetric urea compound and process for producing asymmetric compound by asymmetric conjugate addition reaction with the same as catalyst
US7632970B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2009-12-15 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Asymmetric urea compound and process for producing asymmetric compound by asymmetric conjugate addition reaction with the same as catalyst
KR101099408B1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2011-12-27 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 Subsidiary urea compound and subsidiary conjugated addition using the catalyst as a method for producing a subsidiary compound by reaction
WO2005058805A1 (en) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-30 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Process for producing optically active amine compound
US7635698B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2009-12-22 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Compounds useful as chemokine receptor antagonists
US7880002B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2011-02-01 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Substituted piperazinyl-pyrrolidine compounds useful as chemokine receptor antagonists
US8168788B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2012-05-01 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Substituted piperazinyl-pyrrolidine compounds useful as chemokine receptor antagonists
US8399455B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2013-03-19 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Compounds useful as chemokine receptor antagonists
US8648197B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2014-02-11 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Substituted piperazinyl-pyrrolidine compounds useful as chemokine receptor antagonists

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