WO2003006109A1 - Fire resistant barrier - Google Patents

Fire resistant barrier Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2003006109A1
WO2003006109A1 PCT/GB2002/003118 GB0203118W WO03006109A1 WO 2003006109 A1 WO2003006109 A1 WO 2003006109A1 GB 0203118 W GB0203118 W GB 0203118W WO 03006109 A1 WO03006109 A1 WO 03006109A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fire
roof
curtain
intumescent
coated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2002/003118
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Derek Alfred Ward
Original Assignee
Environmental Seals Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Environmental Seals Ltd filed Critical Environmental Seals Ltd
Priority to EP02749001A priority Critical patent/EP1404414A1/en
Publication of WO2003006109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003006109A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/10—Fire-proof curtains
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/065—Physical fire-barriers having as the main closure device materials, whose characteristics undergo an irreversible change under high temperatures, e.g. intumescent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C8/00—Hand tools or accessories specially adapted for fire-fighting, e.g. tool boxes
    • A62C8/08—Shields

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fire-resistant barriers for preventing the spread of fire and smoke in roof spaces. More especially, the invention relates to fire-resistant barriers for preventing the spread of fire and smoke between the roof spaces of adjoining terraced buildings. The invention also has application for preventing the spread of fire and smoke in relatively large roof spaces.
  • GB-A- 2250933 discloses a fire barrier or curtain which comprises a sheet of woven glass fibrous cloth, typically of the thickness of 0.75mm which is coated on one side with an intumescent material and on its other side with a second coating of intumescent material or a layer of metallic foil, or a facing of neoprene or silicon.
  • GB-A-2297985 discloses a thermal insulating wall or door for use with cold rooms providing fire resistance.
  • the individual panels comprise slabs of polyurethane foam as thermal insulation faced with cast foamed magnesium oxychloride panels clad with sheet metal. Straightline paths between adjacent abutted panels are avoided by infills of high density mineral board and intumescent fillers.
  • GB-A-2318594 discloses a concealed cavity firestopping system comprising a preformed plastic sack which can be shaped to fill the voids or cavities common in the fabric of most buildings which unless firestopped will allow fire spread through those cavities.
  • the present invention sets out to provide a fire-resistant barrier which operates to prevent the spread of fire between adjoining roof spaces for an enhanced period of time, especially periods in excess of one hour.
  • a fire-resistant barrier for roof spaces comprising a fire curtain impregnated or coated with a quantity of an intumescent material, an intumescent-containing adhesive for adhering the fire curtain to one or more roof trusses or party walls of the roof space, a plurality of battens coated with or produced from an intumescent material for securing the fire curtain to roof trusses or party walls of the roof space, and pieces of fire retardant intumescent impregnated flexible foam or sponge, rockwool, ceramic felt or compressed glass wool for filling all gaps present between the fire curtain and the surrounding roof structure to seal the adjoining roof spaces one from the other.
  • a method of creating a fire barrier between neighbouring roof spaces lined with roofing felt comprising the steps of cutting through all roofing felt at the point at which the barrier is to be erected to expose all roofing tiles, battens of the roof structure in the area in which the barrier is to be erected, adhering to the exposed roof structure a fire curtain containing or coated with an intumescent material using an intumescent containing adhesive, attaching the sides of the fire curtain to the exposed roof structure using battens coated with or constructed essentially from an intumescent material, and filling all gaps present between the adjoining roof spaces with pieces of flexible cellular fire-retardant foam or sponge, or rockwool or ceramic felt or compressed glass wool to create an effective seal between the divided roof spaces.
  • the invention provides a method of erecting a fire barrier between a roof truss and party wall of a roof space lined with roofing felt, the method comprising the steps of cutting and/or removing all roofing felt between the party wall and the roof truss, adhering to the roof truss using an intumescent-containing adhesive a fire curtain impregnated or coated with an intumescent material extending the curtain towards and over the party wall and adhering the same to the party wall using an intumescent- containing adhesive whereby the curtain defines a fire barrier which extends across the full width of the roof space and along the entire roof interior surface between the truss and the party wall, and securing the curtain to the truss and/or the party wall with battens either coated with or essentially comprising intumescent material.
  • the fire curtain may include or be coated with a mixture of particular ceramic material, an intumescent substance and a binder.
  • the intumescent material may comprise exfoliating graphite and/or sodium silicate in granular and/or powder form.
  • the sheet containing the intumescent material may comprise a non-woven mat or sheet. The initial thickness of the sheet is preferably from 2 to 3mm and the sheet thickness when intumesced preferably exceeds 25mm.
  • a fire-retardant foam or sponge When a fire-retardant foam or sponge, it may be coated on at least one of its surfaces with a primer solution including a sealant and a flowable coating of fire-retardant material.
  • the primer solution operates to close the open pores of the coated surface of the rib and provides a bond to which the fire-retardant coating can adhere.
  • the primer solution may comprise an aqueous solution of an acrylic polymer, including ammonium polyphosphate.
  • the fire-retardant coating may comprise a chlorinated vinyl copolymer system which includes a quantity of ammonium polyphosphate, zinc borate, or magnesium and calcium carbonates.
  • the foam or sponge may comprise polyurethane or a silicone coated with silane primer.
  • Party walls are constructed to divide the entire roof space into separate sections so that each house of the terrace has its own roof space for storage or other purposes.
  • Party walls are generally constructed by securing sheets of plasterboard to roof trusses.
  • the continuous nature of the roofing felt and the wooden battens used to retain the felt in place represent potential fire hazards.
  • the continuous lengths of roofing felt and the battens can encourage the spread of fire from one roof space to an adjoining roof space, and so on.
  • a fire in one property of a terrace can - and often does - lead to severe fire damage to all properties of that terrace.
  • the roofing felt was cut tight up against the party wall and against the neighbouring roof truss remote from the party wall to create a continuous break in the roofing felt.
  • a fire curtain impregnated with a material which intumesces in the presence of fire was then adhered to the truss using an intumescent-containing adhesive and then firmly secured to the truss using fireproofed battens and large headed clout nails.
  • the fire curtain was then pulled along the underside of the exposed roof tiles and secured to the party wall using the tumescent-containing adhesive and fire-proofed battens. In this way an effective fire barrier was created between the adjoining roof space sections.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

A fire-resistant barrier for roof spaces comprises a fire curtain impregnated or coated with a quantity of an intumescent material. An intumescent-containing adhesive is provided to adhere the fire curtain to one or more roof trusses or party walls of the roof space. A plurality of battens coated with or produced from an intumescent material are provided to secure the fire curtain to roof trusses or party walls of the roof space, and pieces of fire retardant intumescent impregnated flexible foam or sponge, rockwool, ceramic felt or compressed glass wool are provided to fill all gaps present between the fire curtain and the surrounding roof structure to seal the adjoining roof spaces one from the other.

Description

FIRE RESISTANT BARRIER
This invention relates to fire-resistant barriers for preventing the spread of fire and smoke in roof spaces. More especially, the invention relates to fire-resistant barriers for preventing the spread of fire and smoke between the roof spaces of adjoining terraced buildings. The invention also has application for preventing the spread of fire and smoke in relatively large roof spaces.
Presently a fire in one building of a terrace quickly spreads to the adjoining buildings particularly through the neighbouring roof spaces. One major cause of a fire spreading is the use of flammable roofing felt and timber battens. Even in cases where roofing felt having Class D and Class 1 protection, the battens which hold the felt in place define paths for the spread of fire. The same problems apply for buildings having substantial roof spaces.
Curtains for containing or preventing the spread of fire are known. Thus, GB-A- 2250933 discloses a fire barrier or curtain which comprises a sheet of woven glass fibrous cloth, typically of the thickness of 0.75mm which is coated on one side with an intumescent material and on its other side with a second coating of intumescent material or a layer of metallic foil, or a facing of neoprene or silicon.
GB-A-2297985 discloses a thermal insulating wall or door for use with cold rooms providing fire resistance. The individual panels comprise slabs of polyurethane foam as thermal insulation faced with cast foamed magnesium oxychloride panels clad with sheet metal. Straightline paths between adjacent abutted panels are avoided by infills of high density mineral board and intumescent fillers.
GB-A-2318594 discloses a concealed cavity firestopping system comprising a preformed plastic sack which can be shaped to fill the voids or cavities common in the fabric of most buildings which unless firestopped will allow fire spread through those cavities.
The present invention sets out to provide a fire-resistant barrier which operates to prevent the spread of fire between adjoining roof spaces for an enhanced period of time, especially periods in excess of one hour.
According to the present invention in one aspect, there is provided a fire-resistant barrier for roof spaces, the barrier comprising a fire curtain impregnated or coated with a quantity of an intumescent material, an intumescent-containing adhesive for adhering the fire curtain to one or more roof trusses or party walls of the roof space, a plurality of battens coated with or produced from an intumescent material for securing the fire curtain to roof trusses or party walls of the roof space, and pieces of fire retardant intumescent impregnated flexible foam or sponge, rockwool, ceramic felt or compressed glass wool for filling all gaps present between the fire curtain and the surrounding roof structure to seal the adjoining roof spaces one from the other.
In another aspect, there is provided a method of creating a fire barrier between neighbouring roof spaces lined with roofing felt, the method comprising the steps of cutting through all roofing felt at the point at which the barrier is to be erected to expose all roofing tiles, battens of the roof structure in the area in which the barrier is to be erected, adhering to the exposed roof structure a fire curtain containing or coated with an intumescent material using an intumescent containing adhesive, attaching the sides of the fire curtain to the exposed roof structure using battens coated with or constructed essentially from an intumescent material, and filling all gaps present between the adjoining roof spaces with pieces of flexible cellular fire-retardant foam or sponge, or rockwool or ceramic felt or compressed glass wool to create an effective seal between the divided roof spaces.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of erecting a fire barrier between a roof truss and party wall of a roof space lined with roofing felt, the method comprising the steps of cutting and/or removing all roofing felt between the party wall and the roof truss, adhering to the roof truss using an intumescent-containing adhesive a fire curtain impregnated or coated with an intumescent material extending the curtain towards and over the party wall and adhering the same to the party wall using an intumescent- containing adhesive whereby the curtain defines a fire barrier which extends across the full width of the roof space and along the entire roof interior surface between the truss and the party wall, and securing the curtain to the truss and/or the party wall with battens either coated with or essentially comprising intumescent material.
The fire curtain may include or be coated with a mixture of particular ceramic material, an intumescent substance and a binder. The intumescent material may comprise exfoliating graphite and/or sodium silicate in granular and/or powder form. The sheet containing the intumescent material may comprise a non-woven mat or sheet. The initial thickness of the sheet is preferably from 2 to 3mm and the sheet thickness when intumesced preferably exceeds 25mm.
When a fire-retardant foam or sponge, it may be coated on at least one of its surfaces with a primer solution including a sealant and a flowable coating of fire-retardant material. In this embodiment, the primer solution operates to close the open pores of the coated surface of the rib and provides a bond to which the fire-retardant coating can adhere. The primer solution may comprise an aqueous solution of an acrylic polymer, including ammonium polyphosphate. The fire-retardant coating may comprise a chlorinated vinyl copolymer system which includes a quantity of ammonium polyphosphate, zinc borate, or magnesium and calcium carbonates. The foam or sponge may comprise polyurethane or a silicone coated with silane primer.
The following is one example of a fire resistant barrier in accordance with the invention created within a roof space in the vicinity of a party wall between two adjoining terraced houses. This is given by way of example only.
As is common with the vast majority of terraced and semi-detached properties, the entire roof space spanning each property of the terrace is lined with roofing felt held in position between roof trusses and roofing tiles of the roof structure by wooden battens. Party walls are constructed to divide the entire roof space into separate sections so that each house of the terrace has its own roof space for storage or other purposes. Party walls are generally constructed by securing sheets of plasterboard to roof trusses.
The continuous nature of the roofing felt and the wooden battens used to retain the felt in place represent potential fire hazards. Thus, if a fire breaks out in one property of a terrace, the continuous lengths of roofing felt and the battens can encourage the spread of fire from one roof space to an adjoining roof space, and so on. A fire in one property of a terrace can - and often does - lead to severe fire damage to all properties of that terrace.
The same considerations apply for houses having large roof spaces to the extent that a fire in one part of the building can quickly spread to other parts through roofing felt and battens.
To create the fire barrier of this example, the roofing felt was cut tight up against the party wall and against the neighbouring roof truss remote from the party wall to create a continuous break in the roofing felt.
A fire curtain impregnated with a material which intumesces in the presence of fire was then adhered to the truss using an intumescent-containing adhesive and then firmly secured to the truss using fireproofed battens and large headed clout nails.
All gaps between the top and sides of the party wall and the roof tiles were then filled with a fire-proofed sponge material which expands slightly in the presence of fire. Alternatively rockwool slabs, ceramic felt or compressed glass wool can be used for this purpose.
The fire curtain was then pulled along the underside of the exposed roof tiles and secured to the party wall using the tumescent-containing adhesive and fire-proofed battens. In this way an effective fire barrier was created between the adjoining roof space sections.
It will be appreciated that the foregoing is merely exemplary of fire resistant barriers in accordance with the invention and that various modifications can be made thereto without departing from the true scope of the invention as set out in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fire-resistant barrier for roof spaces, the barrier comprising a fire curtain impregnated or coated with a quantity of an intumescent material, an intumescent- containing adhesive for adhering the fire curtain to one or more roof trusses or party walls of the roof space, a plurality of battens coated with or produced from an intumescent material for securing the fire curtain to roof trusses or party walls of the roof space, and pieces of fire retardant intumescent impregnated flexible foam or sponge, rockwool, ceramic felt or compressed glass wool for filling all gaps present between the fire curtain and the surrounding roof structure to seal the adjoining roof spaces one from the other.
2. A fire curtain as claimed in claim 1 which includes or is coated with a mixture of particulate ceramic material, an intumescent substance and a binder .
3. A fire curtain as claimed in claim 2 wherein the intumescent substance comprises exfoliating graphite and/or sodium silicate in granular and/or powder form.
4. A fire curtain as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the sheet containing the intumescent material comprises a non- woven mat or sheet.
5. A fire curtain as claimed in claim 4 wherein the initial thickness of the sheet is from 2 to 3mm and the sheet thickness when intumesced preferably exceeds 25mm.
6. A fire curtain as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fire-retardant foam or sponge is coated on at least one of its surfaces with a primer solution including a sealant and a flowable coating of fire-retardant material.
7. A fire curtain as claimed in claim 6 wherein the primer solution comprises an aqueous solution of an acrylic polymer, including ammonium polyphosphate.
8. A fire curtain as claimed in claim 6 or claim 7 wherein the fire-retardant coating comprises a chlorinated vinyl copolymer system which includes a quantity of ammonium polyphosphate, zinc borate, or magnesium and calcium carbonates.
9. A fire curtain as claimed in any of the claims 6 to 8 wherein the foam or sponge comprises polyurethane or a silicone coated with silane primer.
10. A method of creating a fire barrier between neighbouring roof spaces lined with roofing felt at the point at which the barrier is to be erected, the method comprising exposing all roofing tiles, battens of the roof structure in the area in which the barrier is to be erected, adhering to the exposed roof structure a fire curtain containing or coated with an intumescent material using an intumescent containing adhesive, attaching the sides of the fire curtain to the exposed roof structure using battens coated with or constructed essentially from an intumescent material, and filling all gaps present between the adjoining roof spaces with pieces of flexible cellular fire-retardant foam or sponge, or rockwool or ceramic felt or compressed glass wool to create an effective seal between the divided roof spaces.
11. A method or erecting a fire barrier between a roof truss and party wall of a roof space lined with roofing felt, the method comprising the steps of cutting and/or removing all roofing felt between the party wall and the roof truss, adhering to the roof truss using an intumescent-containing adhesive a fire curtain impregnated or coated with an intumescent material, extending the curtain towards and over the party wall and adhering the same to the party wall using an intumescent-containing adhesive whereby the curtain defines a fire barrier which extends across the full width of the roof space and along the entire roof interior surface between the truss and the party wall, and securing the curtain to the truss and/or the party wall with battens either coated with or essentially comprising intumescent material.
PCT/GB2002/003118 2001-07-10 2002-07-08 Fire resistant barrier WO2003006109A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02749001A EP1404414A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2002-07-08 Fire resistant barrier

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0116817A GB2377379B (en) 2001-07-10 2001-07-10 Fire resistant barrier
GB0116817.8 2001-07-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003006109A1 true WO2003006109A1 (en) 2003-01-23

Family

ID=9918229

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2002/003118 WO2003006109A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2002-07-08 Fire resistant barrier

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1404414A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2377379B (en)
WO (1) WO2003006109A1 (en)

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US9404581B1 (en) 2014-02-28 2016-08-02 Schul International Company, LLC Joint seal system
US9528262B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2016-12-27 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Fire and water resistant expansion joint system
US9631362B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2017-04-25 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Precompressed water and/or fire resistant tunnel expansion joint systems, and transitions
US9637915B1 (en) 2008-11-20 2017-05-02 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Factory fabricated precompressed water and/or fire resistant expansion joint system transition
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US9689158B1 (en) 2009-03-24 2017-06-27 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Fire and water resistant expansion and seismic joint system
US9689157B1 (en) 2009-03-24 2017-06-27 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Fire and water resistant expansion and seismic joint system
US9739050B1 (en) 2011-10-14 2017-08-22 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Flexible expansion joint seal system
US9745738B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2017-08-29 Schul International Company, LLC Expansion joint for longitudinal load transfer
US9765486B1 (en) 2016-03-07 2017-09-19 Schul International Company, LLC Expansion joint seal for surface contact applications
US9803357B1 (en) 2016-07-22 2017-10-31 Schul International Company, LLC Expansion joint seal system providing fire retardancy
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US9982428B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2018-05-29 Schul International Company, LLC Expansion joint seal with surface load transfer, intumescent, and internal sensor
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US10081939B1 (en) 2016-07-22 2018-09-25 Schul International Company, LLC Fire retardant expansion joint seal system with internal resilient members and intumescent members
US10087621B1 (en) 2015-03-10 2018-10-02 Schul International Company, LLC Expansion joint seal system with isolated temperature-activated fire retarding members
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US10087619B1 (en) 2016-07-22 2018-10-02 Schul International Company, LLC Fire retardant expansion joint seal system with elastically-compressible members and resilient members
US10125490B2 (en) 2016-07-22 2018-11-13 Schul International Company, LLC Expansion joint seal system with internal intumescent springs providing fire retardancy
US10213962B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2019-02-26 Schul International Company, LLC Expansion joint seal with load transfer and flexion
US10227734B1 (en) 2017-12-26 2019-03-12 Veloxion, Inc. Helically-packaged expansion joint seal system
US10240302B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2019-03-26 Schul International Company, LLC Durable joint seal system with detachable cover plate and rotatable ribs
US10280611B1 (en) 2016-07-22 2019-05-07 Schul International Company, LLC Vapor permeable water and fire-resistant expansion joint seal
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US10316661B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2019-06-11 Emseal Joint Systems, Ltd. Water and/or fire resistant tunnel expansion joint systems
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US10358813B2 (en) 2016-07-22 2019-07-23 Schul International Company, LLC Fire retardant expansion joint seal system with elastically-compressible body members, internal spring members, and connector
US10480654B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2019-11-19 Schul International Co., Llc Joint seal system having internal barrier and external wings
US10851541B2 (en) 2018-03-05 2020-12-01 Schul International Co., Llc Expansion joint seal for surface contact with offset rail
US10851542B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2020-12-01 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Fire and water resistant, integrated wall and roof expansion joint seal system
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US10519651B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2019-12-31 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Fire resistant tunnel expansion joint systems
US10179993B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2019-01-15 Emseal Joint Systems, Ltd. Water and/or fire resistant expansion joint system
US9528262B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2016-12-27 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Fire and water resistant expansion joint system
US9631362B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2017-04-25 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Precompressed water and/or fire resistant tunnel expansion joint systems, and transitions
US9637915B1 (en) 2008-11-20 2017-05-02 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Factory fabricated precompressed water and/or fire resistant expansion joint system transition
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US11180995B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2021-11-23 Emseal Joint Systems, Ltd. Water and/or fire resistant tunnel expansion joint systems
US10941562B2 (en) 2008-11-20 2021-03-09 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Fire and water resistant expansion joint system
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US9739050B1 (en) 2011-10-14 2017-08-22 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Flexible expansion joint seal system
US9068297B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2015-06-30 Emseal Joint Systems Ltd. Expansion joint system
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GB2377379B (en) 2004-05-19
GB0116817D0 (en) 2001-08-29
GB2377379A (en) 2003-01-15

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