WO2002091560A1 - Drive unit - Google Patents

Drive unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002091560A1
WO2002091560A1 PCT/DE2002/001083 DE0201083W WO02091560A1 WO 2002091560 A1 WO2002091560 A1 WO 2002091560A1 DE 0201083 W DE0201083 W DE 0201083W WO 02091560 A1 WO02091560 A1 WO 02091560A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
drive unit
series
speed
unit according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2002/001083
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Richard Vogt
Jochen Goehre
Thomas Helming
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to US10/312,548 priority Critical patent/US6812658B2/en
Priority to EP02729816A priority patent/EP1388204B1/en
Priority to JP2002587911A priority patent/JP3999672B2/en
Priority to KR10-2003-7000055A priority patent/KR20030021236A/en
Publication of WO2002091560A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002091560A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/04—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by varying pump speed, e.g. by changing pump-drive gear ratio
    • F01P7/048—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by varying pump speed, e.g. by changing pump-drive gear ratio using electrical drives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/20—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using multi-position switch, e.g. drum, controlling motor circuit by means of relays
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive unit, in particular for a fan in motor vehicles, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such drive units are used in motor vehicles as blower motors for the air conditioning or heating of the passenger compartment and for cooling the cooling water of the internal combustion engine.
  • air conditioning or heating fans it is known, for example, to use a step switch to select different fan stages in which the fan connected to the 12 V vehicle network
  • a known ballast for controlling a DC motor (DE 197 56 461 AI) has a semiconductor switch designed as a MOSFET, which is connected in series with the DC motor and the control electrode of which is supplied with a pulse-width-modulated control signal.
  • the semiconductor switch thus provides the DC motor with an average voltage, the magnitude of which depends on the degree of modulation of the control signal. As the average voltage decreases, the speed of the DC motor drops.
  • the control signal is generated as a function of a setpoint-actual value comparison of the power of the DC motor. It is also possible to generate the control signal from, for example, a manually specified target speed and to dispense with a speed control loop.
  • the drive unit according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that a gradual adjustment of the speed of the engine can be realized very inexpensively. Since the semiconductor switches are not clocked as in the known ballast, but are operated in such a way that one semiconductor switch is fully switched through and the other semiconductor switches are fully blocked, the drive unit has an uncritical electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). When using low-ohmic semiconductor switches, only negligibly small power losses occur in them, so that large-volume heat sinks can be dispensed with.
  • EMC uncritical electromagnetic compatibility
  • Device for speed control is small and is for example, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention can be integrated into a connector of the drive unit.
  • the device has n series connections each consisting of a resistor and a semiconductor switch and also a further semiconductor switch connected in series with the motor on the DC voltage network.
  • n series connections each consisting of a resistor and a semiconductor switch and also a further semiconductor switch connected in series with the motor on the DC voltage network.
  • Each of the n series connections is connected in parallel to the semiconductor switch of the series connection for the following speed stage and the last series connection is connected in parallel to the further semiconductor switch.
  • the resistances can be chosen to be the same size and the semiconductor switches can be dimensioned differently in order to use cost advantages in accordance with their different current loads.
  • the maximum speed is set when the further semiconductor switch is closed.
  • the device has n series circuits each consisting of a resistor and a semiconductor switch and also a further semiconductor switch in series with the motor on the DC voltage network, the n series circuits being connected to one another and to the other Semiconductor switches are connected in parallel.
  • the resistors are to be dimensioned differently in accordance with the selected speed step, but here too the semiconductor switches can be dimensioned differently due to their current load which decreases as the speed decreases. When the further semiconductor switch is closed, the maximum speed is set.
  • 1 is a circuit diagram of a fan that can be operated in four fan stages
  • Fig. 2 shows the same representation of the fan in Fig. 1 according to another embodiment.
  • blower shown in Fig. 1 in the circuit diagram is intended for use in motor vehicles and is on the 12 V
  • the DC network of the motor vehicle operated has a blower or fan wheel 11 which is coupled to a drive unit.
  • the blower can be operated in four blower stages at different speeds, for which purpose the drive unit has an electric motor which drives the blower wheel 11 and is designed as a DC motor Motor 12 and a device for controlling the speed of the motor 12, hereinafter referred to as the speed control device 13.
  • Speed control device 13 integrated in a connector 14 of the drive unit or the blower, which has two plug contacts 15, 16 for connecting to the direct current network U Ba t of the motor vehicle and a plug contact 17 for inputting a data signal for the blower stage setting.
  • the speed control device 13 has a plurality of resistors R1-R3 and a plurality of semiconductor switches in the form of power transistors T1-T3, which are designed here as low-side power MOSFET switches.
  • the speed control device 13 has three series connections, each consisting of a resistor R1-R3 and a transistor T1-T3, as well as a further transistor T4, likewise designed as a power MOSFET switch.
  • Each of the three series connections is connected in parallel to the transistor of the series connection for the following speed stage. So the series circuit of resistor R1 and transistor T1 is transistor T2 and
  • n series connections are off each have a resistor R and a transistor T, with - as described - each of the n series connections connected in parallel with the transistor of the series connection for the following speed stage and the last series connection consisting of resistor and transistor connected in parallel with the further transistor T, which - as described - in series with the motor 12 on the DC voltage network U Ba t.
  • the control electrodes of the transistors Tl-T4 in the case of the MOSFETs their gates, are connected to a control unit 18 with its input at the plug contact 17, which selectively switches the transistors Tl-T4 on. Only one of the transistors T1-T4 is fully turned on, while the others are blocked.
  • the control device 18 In accordance with the data signal present via the plug contact 17 at the input of the control device 18, the control device 18 generates a switching signal which causes the transistor to turn on for one of the transistors T1-T4, which is present until the data signal is changed.
  • the transistor T1 To switch on the smallest fan stage in which the motor 12 runs at the lowest speed, the transistor T1 is assigned the switching signal.
  • the operating voltage applied to the motor 12 is reduced by the voltage drop generated by the resistors R1-R3 with respect to the mains DC voltage U Ba t, and as a result the speed is maximally reduced compared to the nominal speed of the motor 12.
  • the control signal In the largest blower stage at maximum speed of the motor 12, the control signal is fed to the further transistor T4.
  • the motor 12 is connected to the DC line voltage U Bat and runs at the rated speed.
  • the remaining transistors are kept blocked.
  • the power loss which arises in the individual transistors Tl-T4 depends on the forward resistance of the transistors R D S ( O ⁇ ) and the motor current I and is in each case I 2 «R D s (on). This power loss can be kept small if low-resistance transistors T1-T4 are used.
  • cost advantages can be achieved in that the transistors T1-T4 are dimensioned differently in accordance with their different loads, the transistor T1 being least loaded and the transistor T4 being loaded the most.
  • the cooling surfaces required for the transistors Tl-T4 can be kept relatively small and all the transistors Tl-T4 can be combined on a common heat sink 19, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1.
  • the speed control device 13 shown in the circuit diagram in FIG. 2 for the motor 12 driving the impeller 11 is modified insofar as all three series connections, each consisting of a resistor R1-R3 and a transistor T1-T3, are connected in parallel to one another and to the further transistor T4, which is in turn connected in series with the motor 12 to the DC voltage network U Ba t.
  • the operation of the speed control device 13 is unchanged.
  • the resistors Rl - R3 have to be dimensioned differently.
  • the resistors R1-R3 can be dimensioned to be the same size for the same speed intervals between the individual speed steps, the resistors must be at the lower speed steps here can be multiplied.
  • further speed stages can advantageously be obtained by simultaneously driving a plurality of transistors T1-T3, for example T1 and T3 or T1 and T2 or T2 and T3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive unit, particularly for a blower in motor vehicles. The drive unit comprises an electric motor (12), which operates on a d.c. mains (UBat), and comprises a device (13) for controlling the rotational speed of the motor (12) by varying the operating voltage applied to the motor (12). The aim of the invention is to economically provide a drive unit in which the motor rotational speed can be gradually adjusted. To this end, the rotational speed control device (13) has a number of resistors (R1 - R3) and a number of semiconductor switches (T1 - T3) for series-connecting the motor (12) as desired to at least one of the resistors (R1 - R3).

Description

Antriebsaggregatpower unit
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere für ein Gebläse in Kraf fahrzeugen, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a drive unit, in particular for a fan in motor vehicles, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Solche Antriebsaggregate werden in Kraftfahrzeugen als Gebläsemotoren bei der Klimatisierung oder Heizung der Fahrgastzelle und bei der Kühlung des Kühlwassers der Brennkraftmaschine eingesetzt. Bei Klima- oder Heizungsgebläsen ist es beispielsweise bekannt, über einen Stufenschalter verschiedene Gebläsestufen anzuwählen, in welchen der an das 12 V-Fahrzeugnetz angeschlosseneSuch drive units are used in motor vehicles as blower motors for the air conditioning or heating of the passenger compartment and for cooling the cooling water of the internal combustion engine. In the case of air conditioning or heating fans, it is known, for example, to use a step switch to select different fan stages in which the fan connected to the 12 V vehicle network
Gleichstrommotor auf unterschiedliche Drehzahlen eingestellt wird. Bei Kühlgebläsen für das Kühlwasser der Brennkraftmaschine ist es bekannt, die Drehzahl des den Lüfter für den Kühler antreibenden Gleichstrommotors mittels eines elektrischen Vorschaltgeräts in Abhängigkeit von Daten der Brennkraftmaschinensteuerung einzustellen. Ein bekanntes Vorschaltgerät zur Steuerung eines Gleichstrommotors (DE 197 56 461 AI) weist einen als MOSFET ausgebildeten Halbleiterschalter auf, der in Reihe mit dem Gleichstrommotor geschaltet ist und dessen Steuerelektrode mit einem pulsweitenmodulierten Steuersignal beaufschlagt wird. Damit wird dem Gleichstrommotor durch den Halbleiterschalter eine mittlere Spannung zur Verfügung gestellt, deren Größe von dem Modulationsgrad des Steuersignals abhängt. Mit Abnehmen der mittleren Spannung sinkt die Drehzahl des Gleichstrommotors. Das Steuersignal wird in Abhängigkeit von einem Sollwert-Istwert-Vergleich der Leistung des Gleichstrommotors generiert. Möglich ist auch die Generierung des Steuersignals aus einer z.B. manuell vorgegebenen Solldrehzahl und Verzicht auf einen Drehzahlregelkreis.DC motor is set to different speeds. In cooling fans for the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, it is known to set the speed of the DC motor driving the fan for the cooler by means of an electrical ballast as a function of data from the internal combustion engine control system. A known ballast for controlling a DC motor (DE 197 56 461 AI) has a semiconductor switch designed as a MOSFET, which is connected in series with the DC motor and the control electrode of which is supplied with a pulse-width-modulated control signal. The semiconductor switch thus provides the DC motor with an average voltage, the magnitude of which depends on the degree of modulation of the control signal. As the average voltage decreases, the speed of the DC motor drops. The control signal is generated as a function of a setpoint-actual value comparison of the power of the DC motor. It is also possible to generate the control signal from, for example, a manually specified target speed and to dispense with a speed control loop.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Antriebsaggregat mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil,- daß eine stufenweise Einstellung der Drehzahl des Motors sehr kostengünstig realisiert werden kann. Da die Halbleiterschalter nicht wie bei dem bekannten Vorschaltgerät getaktet, sondern in der Weise betrieben werden, daß jeweils ein Halbleiterschalter voll durchgeschaltet und die übrigen Halbleiterschalter voll gesperrt sind, weist das Antriebsaggregat eine unkritische elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) auf. Bei Verwendung von niederoh igen Halbleiterschaltern treten in diesen nur vernachlässigbar kleine Verlustleistungen auf, so daß auf großvolumige Kühlkörper verzichtet werden kann. DieThe drive unit according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that a gradual adjustment of the speed of the engine can be realized very inexpensively. Since the semiconductor switches are not clocked as in the known ballast, but are operated in such a way that one semiconductor switch is fully switched through and the other semiconductor switches are fully blocked, the drive unit has an uncritical electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). When using low-ohmic semiconductor switches, only negligibly small power losses occur in them, so that large-volume heat sinks can be dispensed with. The
Vorrichtung zur Drehzahlsteuerung ist bauklein und ist beispielsweise gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung in einen Anschlußstecker des Antriebsaggregats integrierbar.Device for speed control is small and is For example, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention can be integrated into a connector of the drive unit.
Durch die in den weiteren Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Antriebsaggregats möglich.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the drive unit specified in claim 1 are possible through the measures listed in the further claims.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist für n + 1 Drehzahlstufen die Vorrichtung n Reihenschaltungen aus jeweils einem Widerstand und einem Halbleiterschalter sowie einen in Reihe mit dem Motor am Gleichspannungsnetz liegenden weiteren Halbleiterschalter auf. Jede der n Reihenschaltungen ist dem Halbleiterschalter der Reihenschaltung für die folgende Drehzahlstufe parallelgeschaltet und die letzte Reihenschaltung ist dem weiteren Halbleiterschalter parallelgeschaltet. Für um gleiche Drehzahldifferenzen abgestufte Drehzahlstufen können die Widerstände gleich groß gewählt und die Halbleiterschalter zur Nutzung von Kostenvorteilen entsprechend ihrer unterschiedlichen Strombelastung unterschiedlich dimensioniert werden. Mit Schließen des weiteren Halbleiterschalters ist die maximale Drehzahl eingestellt .According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, for n + 1 speed stages, the device has n series connections each consisting of a resistor and a semiconductor switch and also a further semiconductor switch connected in series with the motor on the DC voltage network. Each of the n series connections is connected in parallel to the semiconductor switch of the series connection for the following speed stage and the last series connection is connected in parallel to the further semiconductor switch. For speed steps graded by the same speed differences, the resistances can be chosen to be the same size and the semiconductor switches can be dimensioned differently in order to use cost advantages in accordance with their different current loads. The maximum speed is set when the further semiconductor switch is closed.
Gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist für n + 1 Drehzahlstufen die Vorrichtung n Reihenschaltungen aus jeweils einem Widerstand und einem Halbleiterschalter sowie einen in Reihe mit dem Motor am Gleichspannungsnetz liegenden weiteren Halbleiterschalter auf, wobei die n Reihenschaltungen zueinander und zu dem weiteren Halbleiterschalter parallelgeschaltet sind. Die Widerstände sind entsprechend der gewählten Drehzahlstufung unterschiedlich zu bemessen, aber auch hier können die Halbleiterschalter aufgrund ihrer mit sinkender Drehzahl sich verringernden Strombelastung unterschiedlich dimensioniert werden. Mit Schließen des weiteren Halleiterschalters ist die maximale Drehzahl eingestellt.According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, for n + 1 speed levels, the device has n series circuits each consisting of a resistor and a semiconductor switch and also a further semiconductor switch in series with the motor on the DC voltage network, the n series circuits being connected to one another and to the other Semiconductor switches are connected in parallel. The resistors are to be dimensioned differently in accordance with the selected speed step, but here too the semiconductor switches can be dimensioned differently due to their current load which decreases as the speed decreases. When the further semiconductor switch is closed, the maximum speed is set.
Zeichnungdrawing
Die Erfindung ist anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 ein Schaltbild eines in vier Gebläsestufen betreibbaren Gebläses,1 is a circuit diagram of a fan that can be operated in four fan stages,
Fig. 2 eine gleiche Darstellung des Gebläses in Fig. 1 gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel.Fig. 2 shows the same representation of the fan in Fig. 1 according to another embodiment.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Das in Fig. 1 im Schaltbild dargestellte Gebläse ist für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen bestimmt und wird am 12 V-The blower shown in Fig. 1 in the circuit diagram is intended for use in motor vehicles and is on the 12 V
Gleichspannungsnetz des Kraftfahrzeugs betrieben. Es weist ein Gebläse- oder Lüfterrad 11 auf, das mit einem Antriebsaggregat gekoppelt ist. Das Gebläse kann in vier Gebläsestufen mit unterschiedlichen Drehzahlen betrieben werden, wozu das Antriebsaggregat einen das Gebläserad 11 antreibenden, als Gleichstrommotor ausgeführten elektrischen Motor 12 und eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Drehzahl des Motors 12, im folgenden Drehzahlsteuervorrichtung 13 genannt, aufweist .DC network of the motor vehicle operated. It has a blower or fan wheel 11 which is coupled to a drive unit. The blower can be operated in four blower stages at different speeds, for which purpose the drive unit has an electric motor which drives the blower wheel 11 and is designed as a DC motor Motor 12 and a device for controlling the speed of the motor 12, hereinafter referred to as the speed control device 13.
Wie in Fig. 1 schematisch angedeutet ist, ist dieAs indicated schematically in Fig. 1, the
Drehzahlsteuervorrichtung 13 in einem Anschlußstecker 14 des Antriebsaggregats bzw. des Gebläses integriert, der zwei Steckerkontakte 15, 16 zum Anschließen an das Gleichspannungsnetz UBat des Kraftfahrzeugs und einen Steckerkontakt 17 zur Eingabe eines Datensignals für die Gebläsestufeneinstellung aufweist .Speed control device 13 integrated in a connector 14 of the drive unit or the blower, which has two plug contacts 15, 16 for connecting to the direct current network U Ba t of the motor vehicle and a plug contact 17 for inputting a data signal for the blower stage setting.
Die Drehzahlsteuervorrichtung 13 weist mehrere Widerstände Rl - R3 und mehrere Halbleiterschalter in Form von Leistungstransistoren Tl - T3 auf, die hier als Low-Side- Power-MOSFET-Switches ausgeführt sind. Für die im Ausführungsbeispiel realisierten vier Gebläse- oder Drehzahlstufen weist die Drehzahlsteuervorrichtung 13 drei Reihenschaltungen aus jeweils einem Widerstand Rl - R3 und einem Transistor T 1 - T3 sowie einen ebenfalls als Power- MOSFET-Switch ausgebildeten weiteren Transistor T4 auf. Jede der drei Reihenschaltungen ist dem Transistor der Reihenschaltung für die folgenden Drehzahlstufe parallelgeschaltet. So ist die Reihenschaltung aus Widerstand Rl und Transistor Tl dem Transistor T2 und dieThe speed control device 13 has a plurality of resistors R1-R3 and a plurality of semiconductor switches in the form of power transistors T1-T3, which are designed here as low-side power MOSFET switches. For the four blower or speed stages implemented in the exemplary embodiment, the speed control device 13 has three series connections, each consisting of a resistor R1-R3 and a transistor T1-T3, as well as a further transistor T4, likewise designed as a power MOSFET switch. Each of the three series connections is connected in parallel to the transistor of the series connection for the following speed stage. So the series circuit of resistor R1 and transistor T1 is transistor T2 and
Reihenschaltung aus Widerstand R2 und Transistor T2 dem Transistor T3 parallelgeschaltet. Die letzte Reihenschaltung aus Widerstand R3 und Transistor T3 ist dem weiteren Transistor T4 parallelgeschaltet, der in Reihe mit dem Motor 12 am Gleichspannungsnetz UBat liegt. Sind n + 1Series connection of resistor R2 and transistor T2 connected in parallel to transistor T3. The last series circuit comprising resistor R3 and transistor T3 is connected in parallel to the further transistor T4, which is connected in series with the motor 12 on the direct voltage network U Ba t. Are n + 1
Drehzahlstufen vorgesehen, so sind n Reihenschaltungen aus jeweils einem Widerstand R und einem Transistor T vorhanden, wobei - wie beschrieben - jede der n Reihenschaltungen dem Transistor der Reihenschaltung für die folgende Drehzahlstufe parallelgeschaltet und die letzte Reihenschaltung aus Widerstand und Transistor dem weiteren Transistor T parallelgeschaltet ist, der - wie beschrieben - in Reihe mit dem Motor 12 am Gleichspannungsnetz UBat liegt. Die Steuerelektroden der Transistoren Tl - T4, im Falle der MOSFETs deren Gate, sind an einem mit seinem Eingang am Steckerkontakt 17 liegenden Steuergerät 18 angeschlossen, das die Transistoren Tl - T4 selektiv leitend schaltet. Dabei ist immer nur einer der Transistoren Tl - T4 voll durchgesteuert, während die übrigen gesperrt sind. Entsprechend dem über den Steckerkontakt 17 an dem Eingang des Steuergeräts 18 anliegenden Datensignal erzeugt das Steuergerät 18 ein das Durchsteuern des Transistors bewirkendes Schaltsignal für einen der Transistoren Tl - T4, das solange ansteht, bis das Datensignal geändert wird. Zur Einschaltung der kleinsten Gebläsestufe, in welcher der Motor 12 mit kleinster Drehzahl läuft, wird der Transistor Tl mit dem Schaltsignal belegt. Die am Motor 12 anliegende Betriebsspannung wird um den von den Widerständen Rl - R3 erzeugten Spannungsabfall gegenüber der Netzgleichspannung UBat reduziert und dadurch die Drehzahl gegenüber der Nenndrehzahl des Motors 12 maximal abgesenkt. In der größten Gebläsestufe bei maximaler Drehzahl des Motors 12 ist das Steuersignal dem weiteren Transistor T4 zugeführt. Der Motor 12 liegt an der Netzgleichspannung UBat und läuft mit Nenndrehzahl. Die übrigen Transistoren werden jeweils gesperrt gehalten. Die in den einzelnen Transistoren Tl - T4 entstehende Verlustleistung hängt von dem Durchlaßwiderstand der Transistoren RDS(OΠ) und dem Motorstrom I ab und beträgt jeweils I2«RDs(on). Diese Verlustleistung kann klein gehalten werden, wenn niederohmige Transistoren Tl - T4 verwendet werden. Zusätzlich kann man Kostenvorteile dadurch erreichen, daß die Transistoren Tl - T4 entsprechend ihrer unterschiedlichen Belastung unterschiedlich dimensioniert werden, wobei der Transistor Tl am wenigsten und der Transistor T4 am stärksten belastet wird. Aufgrund der geringen Verlustleistung der Transistoren Tl - T4 können die erforderlichen Kühlflächen für die Transistoren Tl - T4 relativ klein gehalten werden und alle Transistoren Tl - T4 auf einen gemeinsamen Kühlkörper 19 vereinigt werden, der in Fig. 1 strichliniert angedeutet ist.Speed levels are provided, so n series connections are off each have a resistor R and a transistor T, with - as described - each of the n series connections connected in parallel with the transistor of the series connection for the following speed stage and the last series connection consisting of resistor and transistor connected in parallel with the further transistor T, which - as described - in series with the motor 12 on the DC voltage network U Ba t. The control electrodes of the transistors Tl-T4, in the case of the MOSFETs their gates, are connected to a control unit 18 with its input at the plug contact 17, which selectively switches the transistors Tl-T4 on. Only one of the transistors T1-T4 is fully turned on, while the others are blocked. In accordance with the data signal present via the plug contact 17 at the input of the control device 18, the control device 18 generates a switching signal which causes the transistor to turn on for one of the transistors T1-T4, which is present until the data signal is changed. To switch on the smallest fan stage in which the motor 12 runs at the lowest speed, the transistor T1 is assigned the switching signal. The operating voltage applied to the motor 12 is reduced by the voltage drop generated by the resistors R1-R3 with respect to the mains DC voltage U Ba t, and as a result the speed is maximally reduced compared to the nominal speed of the motor 12. In the largest blower stage at maximum speed of the motor 12, the control signal is fed to the further transistor T4. The motor 12 is connected to the DC line voltage U Bat and runs at the rated speed. The remaining transistors are kept blocked. The power loss which arises in the individual transistors Tl-T4 depends on the forward resistance of the transistors R D S ( OΠ ) and the motor current I and is in each case I 2 «R D s (on). This power loss can be kept small if low-resistance transistors T1-T4 are used. In addition, cost advantages can be achieved in that the transistors T1-T4 are dimensioned differently in accordance with their different loads, the transistor T1 being least loaded and the transistor T4 being loaded the most. Due to the low power dissipation of the transistors Tl-T4, the cooling surfaces required for the transistors Tl-T4 can be kept relatively small and all the transistors Tl-T4 can be combined on a common heat sink 19, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1.
Die in Fig. 2 im Schaltbild dargestellte Drehzahlsteuervorrichtung 13 für den das Gebläserad 11 antreibenden Motor 12 ist insoweit modifiziert, als alle drei Reihenschaltungen aus jeweils einem Widerstand Rl - R3 und einem Transistor Tl - T3 zueinander und zu dem weiteren Transistor T4 parallelgeschaltet sind, der wiederum seinerseits in Reihe mit dem Motor 12 an dem Gleichspannungsnetz UBat angeschlossen ist. Die Funktionsweise der Drehzahlsteuervorrichtung 13 ist unverändert. Für gleiche Drehzahlstufungen müssen lediglich die Widerstände Rl - R3 anders dimensioniert werden. Während bei der Drehzahlsteuervorrichtung 13 gemäß Fig. 1 für gleiche Drehzahlintervalle zwischen den einzelnen Drehzahlstu en die Widerstände Rl - R3 gleich groß bemessen werden können, müssen hier die Widerstände zu den kleineren Drehzahlstufen hin vervielfacht werden. Vorteilhaft können aber, weitere Drehzahlstufen durch gleichzeitiges Ansteuern mehrerer Transistoren Tl - T3, z.B. Tl und T3 oder Tl und T2 oder T2 und T3, erhalten werden. The speed control device 13 shown in the circuit diagram in FIG. 2 for the motor 12 driving the impeller 11 is modified insofar as all three series connections, each consisting of a resistor R1-R3 and a transistor T1-T3, are connected in parallel to one another and to the further transistor T4, which is in turn connected in series with the motor 12 to the DC voltage network U Ba t. The operation of the speed control device 13 is unchanged. For the same speed steps, only the resistors Rl - R3 have to be dimensioned differently. While in the speed control device 13 according to FIG. 1 the resistors R1-R3 can be dimensioned to be the same size for the same speed intervals between the individual speed steps, the resistors must be at the lower speed steps here can be multiplied. However, further speed stages can advantageously be obtained by simultaneously driving a plurality of transistors T1-T3, for example T1 and T3 or T1 and T2 or T2 and T3.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere für ein Gebläse in1. Drive unit, especially for a fan in
Kraftfahrzeugen, mit einem an einem Gleichspannungsnetz betriebenen elektrischen Motor (12) und mit einer Vorrichtung (13) zur Steuerung der Drehzahl des Motors (12) durch Verändern der am Motor (12) anliegenden Betriebsspannung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung (13) mehrere Widerstände (Rl - R3) und mehrere Halbleiterschalter (Tl - T3) zur wahlweisen Reihenschaltung des Motors (12) mit mindestens einem der Widerstände (Rl - R3) aufweist.Motor vehicles, with an electric motor (12) operated on a DC voltage network and with a device (13) for controlling the speed of the motor (12) by changing the operating voltage applied to the motor (12), characterized in that the device (13) has several Resistors (Rl - R3) and a plurality of semiconductor switches (Tl - T3) for the optional series connection of the motor (12) with at least one of the resistors (Rl - R3).
2. Antriebsaggregat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für n + 1 Drehzahlstufen die Vorrichtung (13) n Reihenschaltungen aus jeweils einem Widerstand (Rl - R3) und einem Halbleiterschalter (Tl - T3) sowie einen in Reihe mit dem Motor (12) am Gleichspannungsnetz (UBat) liegenden weiteren Halbleiterschalter (T4) aufweist und daß jede der n Reihenschaltungen dem Halbleiterschalter (Tl - T3) der Reihenschaltung für die folgende Drehzahlstufe parallelgeschaltet und die letzte Reihenschaltung dem weiteren Halbleiterschalter (T4) parallelgeschaltet ist. 2. Drive unit according to claim 1, characterized in that for n + 1 speed levels, the device (13) n series connections each consisting of a resistor (Rl - R3) and a semiconductor switch (Tl - T3) and one in series with the motor (12) has further semiconductor switches (T4) on the DC voltage network (U Ba t) and that each of the n series circuits is connected in parallel to the semiconductor switch (Tl - T3) of the series circuit for the following speed stage and the last series circuit is connected in parallel to the further semiconductor switch (T4).
3. Antriebsaggregat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für n + 1 Drehzahlstufen die Vorrichtung (13) n Reihenschaltungen aus jeweils einem Widerstand (Rl - R3) und einem Halbleiterschalter (Tl - T3) sowie einen in Reihe mit dem Motor (12) am Gleichspannungsnetz (UBat) liegenden weiteren Halbleiterschalter (T4) aufweist und daß die n Reihenschaltungen zueinander und zu dem weiteren Halbleiterschalter (T4) parallelgeschaltet sind.3. Drive unit according to claim 1, characterized in that for n + 1 speed stages, the device (13) n series connections each consisting of a resistor (Rl - R3) and a semiconductor switch (Tl - T3) and one in series with the motor (12) has further semiconductor switches (T4) located on the DC voltage network (U Ba t) and that the n series connections are connected in parallel to one another and to the further semiconductor switch (T4).
4. Antriebsaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halbleiterschalter (Tl - T4) als niederohmige Leistungsschalter ausgebildet sind.4. Drive unit according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the semiconductor switches (Tl - T4) are designed as low-resistance circuit breakers.
5. Antriebsaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerelektroden der Halbleiterschalter (Tl - T4) an einem Steuergerät (18) angeschlossen sind, das einen Eingang (17) zum Zuführen von Datensignalen aufweist.5. Drive unit according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the control electrodes of the semiconductor switches (Tl - T4) are connected to a control device (18) which has an input (17) for supplying data signals.
6. Antriebsaggregat nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Halbleiterschalter (Tl - T4) Low-Side-Power-MOSFET-Switches eingesetzt sind.6. Drive unit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that low-side power MOSFET switches are used as semiconductor switches (Tl - T4).
7. Antriebsaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung (13) zur Steuerung der Drehzahl in einem Anschlußstecker (14) integriert ist. 7. Drive unit according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the device (13) for controlling the speed in a connector (14) is integrated.
PCT/DE2002/001083 2001-05-04 2002-03-23 Drive unit WO2002091560A1 (en)

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US10/312,548 US6812658B2 (en) 2001-05-04 2002-03-23 Drive unit
EP02729816A EP1388204B1 (en) 2001-05-04 2002-03-23 Drive unit
JP2002587911A JP3999672B2 (en) 2001-05-04 2002-03-23 Drive device
KR10-2003-7000055A KR20030021236A (en) 2001-05-04 2002-03-23 Drive unit

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JP2004519997A (en) 2004-07-02
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KR20030021236A (en) 2003-03-12
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US6812658B2 (en) 2004-11-02
EP1388204A1 (en) 2004-02-11

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