WO2002016290A2 - Method for synthesising terminal olefins having a limited molar mass distribution - Google Patents
Method for synthesising terminal olefins having a limited molar mass distribution Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002016290A2 WO2002016290A2 PCT/EP2001/009756 EP0109756W WO0216290A2 WO 2002016290 A2 WO2002016290 A2 WO 2002016290A2 EP 0109756 W EP0109756 W EP 0109756W WO 0216290 A2 WO0216290 A2 WO 0216290A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fraction
- olefins
- olefin
- metathesis
- reaction
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C6/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions
- C07C6/02—Metathesis reactions at an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond
- C07C6/04—Metathesis reactions at an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond at a carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C11/02—Alkenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/10—Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/28—Molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/30—Tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/32—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/36—Rhenium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- C07C2523/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
- C07C2523/755—Nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/20—Carbon compounds
- C07C2527/232—Carbonates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of long-chain ⁇ -olefins with a narrow molecular weight distribution, the process comprising an isomerizing metathesis and ethenolysis as process steps.
- the process is preferably suitable for the production of ⁇ -olefins having 6 to 15 carbon atoms.
- the process can be used for the production of linear ⁇ -olefins with 8 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably with 9 to 11 carbon atoms, and for ⁇ -olefins with 12 to 15 carbon atoms, which have a certain proportion of branching.
- olefins Due to their carbon double bond, via which the introduction of a large number of functional groups is possible, olefins represent the most important class of basic chemicals for the chemical industry.
- olefins which, as is known to the person skilled in the art, are divided into different classes, for example in short - And long-chain, linear and branched olefins or olefins with internal and terminal double bonds exist in a wide variety of manufacturing processes.
- the cracking of saturated hydrocarbons is the most frequently used process for the preparation of olefins. However, this is particularly suitable for the production of short-chain olefins in the C number range up to max. 4th
- Linear higher ⁇ -olefins with C numbers of about C 6 to C n represent a class of olefins which, after further processing, have found a wide range of uses in the production of detergents, plasticizers and lubricating oils. There are only a limited number of manufacturing processes for this class of olefins. The dehydration of natural alcohols and the cracking of higher paraffins (wax splitting) are insignificant. The majority of linear ⁇ -olefins are represented by Transition-metal-catalyzed oligomerization of ethylene by the Ziegler process or the so-called SHOP process of Shell, whereby highly linear olefin fractions with ⁇ -olefin contents of> 95% can be obtained.
- Aluminum alkyls are used as catalysts in the Ziegler process, while phosphine-modified nickel complexes are used as active species in the oligomerization reaction in the SHOP process.
- the length distribution of the carbon chain follows the so-called Schulz-Flory distribution with a high proportion of short-chain ⁇ -olefins. The proportion of a particular ⁇ -olefin decreases exponentially with increasing carbon number.
- No. 3,491,163 discloses a build-up reaction for olefins which is not based on a transition metal-catalyzed oligomerization.
- propylene is first subjected to a metathesis reaction.
- the thereby resulting freed of lighter and heavier olefins C 4 fraction is then inserted into an isomerized metathesis reaction, after which the resulting C 5 - and C ö -olefin separated from the lighter and heavier isomers and is used again in an isomerizing metathesis.
- the resulting desired product namely C -C 1 o-olefins
- is isomerized then freed from lighter and heavier fractions and then isomerized and metatlietized one last time.
- the respectively separated light and heavy olefins are returned and used again in the reaction or, in the case of ethylene, used in a build-up reaction.
- a mixture of C ⁇ -C 15 olefins with an internal double bond is obtained.
- the method described in WO 97/34854 allows the production of linear ⁇ -olefins.
- the process is characterized in that an olefin mixture of olefins with an internal double bond having 6 to 30 carbon atoms is metatlized under non-equilibrium conditions.
- the resulting product is separated into a low-boiling olefin component and a higher-boiling olefin component. Both fractions consist of internal olefins.
- the higher-boiling fraction is then subjected to a metathesis with ethylene (ethenolysis), the ⁇ - Olefins formed.
- there is no build-up reaction to olefins but only the conversion of an olefin cut with an internal double bond into an olefin cut with terminal double bonds.
- olefin mixtures have recently gained economic importance which, in addition to linear ⁇ -olefins in the carbon number range up to C 15 , in particular C 12 to C 15 , have a variable proportion of branched ⁇ -olefins in this carbon range.
- Such olefin mixtures are converted into alkylbenzenes which, after being converted into alkylbenzenesulfonates, are used as detergent raw materials.
- the process should preferably be linear ⁇ -olefins in the carbon number range from C 8 to C 12 , in particular C 9 to Cn, and branched ⁇ -olefins in the carbon number range from 2 to C 15 or mixtures of these branched olefins with linear ⁇ -olefins same carbon number range.
- the metathesis reaction can be carried out such that the product obtained has a high proportion of higher olefins by appropriately guiding the circulating currents and skillfully adjusting the suitable reaction conditions. It is thus possible to build up the carbon chain through the metathesis reaction.
- Suitable starting materials for the metathesis reaction i) are, on the one hand, short-chain linear olefins with carbon numbers from 4 to 10, which can originate, for example, from steam or so-called FCC crackers.
- such sections contain cis / trans-butenes, cis / trans-pentenes and cis / trans-hexenes with different positions of the double bond.
- olefins with the desired carbon number or olefin mixtures in the desired carbon number range, which originate from the Fischer-Tropsch process.
- a C 4 -C 6 olefin mixture is preferably used.
- C 4 olefins are particularly suitable as starting material.
- Butanes or obtained by dimerization of ethene can be used. Butanes contained in the C4 fraction are inert. Serve, ancestor or enine, in which are used, are removed using common methods such as extraction or selective hydrogenation.
- the butene content of the C4 fraction preferably used in the process is 1 to 100% by weight, preferably 60 to 90% by weight.
- the butene content relates to 1-butene and 2-butene.
- a C4 fraction is preferably used which is obtained in steam or FCC cracking or in the dehydrogenation of butane.
- Raffinate II is particularly preferably used as the C4 fraction, the C4 stream being freed from disturbing impurities, in particular oxigenates, by appropriate treatment on adsorber protective beds, preferably on high-surface area aluminum oxides and / or molecular sieves.
- Raffinate II is obtained from the C4 fraction by first extracting butadiene and / or subjecting it to selective hydrogenation. After separation of isobutene, the raffinate II is then obtained. Suitable processes are disclosed in DE 100 13 253.7 by the applicant.
- branched C 4 -Cjo olefins can also be used in metathesis i).
- This variant is interesting in the cases in which ⁇ -olefins are to be produced which are branched or mixtures which contain such branched olefins together with linear ⁇ -olefins.
- These branched olefins or the mixtures containing them are preferably used for the production of alkylbenzenes or alkylbenzenesulfonates.
- Another way to get branched olefins is to carry out a metathesis reaction under conditions where the hydrocarbon chain isomerizes. This is explained further below.
- the metathesis process i) is carried out on a catalyst which catalyzes the metathesis reaction and at the same time the double bond isomerization of the olefins formed.
- a metathesis catalyst and an isomerization catalyst can be present separately in the reactor.
- the metathesis and the isomerization reaction can be carried out in separate reactors, one of which contains the isomerization catalyst and the other contains the metathesis catalyst. First the metathesis and then the isomerization can be carried out, but the metathesis can also follow the isomerization.
- the metathesis catalyst contains a compound of a metal from groups VIb, Vllb or VIII of the periodic table of the elements.
- the metathesis catalyst preferably contains an oxide of a metal from group VIb or VIIIb of the periodic table of the elements.
- the metathesis catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Re 2 O, WO 3 and MoO 3 .
- the isomerization catalyst contains a metal from Groups Ia, Ha, Illb, IVb, Vb or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements or a compound thereof.
- the isomerization catalyst is preferably selected from the group consisting of Re 2 O 7 , RuO 2 , NiO, MgO, Na and K 2 CO 3 .
- a catalyst is preferably used which is active both as a metathesis and as an isomerization catalyst.
- Such a catalyst has a combination of the above-mentioned catalyst components, ie contains a compound of a metal from groups VIb, Vllb or VIII for catalyzing the metathesis and an element from groups Ia, Ha, Illb, IVb, Vb or VIII of the periodic table Elements for the catalysis of the isomerization reaction.
- Preferred and particularly preferred mixed catalysts each contain at least one of the compounds mentioned above as preferred and particularly preferred.
- the catalysts are generally supported on the usual materials known to the person skilled in the art. Examples of suitable materials include SiO 2 , ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , MgO, B 2 O 3 or mixtures of these materials, for example ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 / B 2 O 3 / SiO 2 .
- the isomerizing metathesis i) is generally carried out at temperatures of 20 to 450 ° C. If the production of linear ⁇ -olefins is desired, the temperature in the metathesis reaction i) is preferably in the range from 40 to 100 ° C. In the case of the production of branched ⁇ -olefins, the metathesis i) is preferably carried out at temperatures from 80 to 150 ° C.
- the pressures used are from 1 to 60 bar, preferably 10 to 45 bar, in particular 30 to 35 bar.
- reaction parameters known to the person skilled in the art
- the isomerizing metathesis can be carried out in such a way that a high proportion of olefins in the desired C number range is obtained.
- reaction parameters include, for example, the C number range of the insert olefons, the choice of catalysts, the reaction temperature, the residence time, the degree of discharge of the product formed, and the composition and degree of recycling of the olefin fraction which are obtained after the isomerizing metathesis and the subsequent separation become.
- the metathesis reaction i) can be carried out in such a way that the olefins used branch off.
- This branching can be achieved, for example, by using a catalyst with acidic centers and / or choosing a sufficiently high reaction temperature.
- a linear C 4 cut is used in the isomerizing metathesis reaction i), a linear C 4 -C 22 olefin fraction is obtained as fraction b) and this in step iv) with ethylene to a linear C 8 -C ⁇ 2 - ⁇ -olefin fraction implemented.
- a C 9 -C ⁇ - ⁇ -olefin fraction is obtained in iv).
- the isomerizing metathesis reaction can be carried out continuously or batchwise. Deactivation of the catalyst system is often observed after a certain time. This can be done by regenerating the catalysts, generally remove by heating in an oxygen-containing nitrogen stream and burning off the organic deposits.
- the product mixture obtained after the isomerizing metathesis i) is then separated using the customary methods, preferably by distillation.
- the desired olefin fraction b) which is subsequently subjected to ethenolysis or, if desired, is further processed to give valuable products, can be obtained in this way.
- This desired fraction is preferably the C 14 -C 22 fraction.
- a low boiler fraction a) which contains C 2 - and C 3 -olefins. These are separated and processed in the usual procedures.
- a light olefin fraction c) is isolated which contains olefins whose carbon number range is from C 4 to below the carbon number of the desired olefin fraction. This fraction is returned to the isomerizing metathesis. This light fraction is preferably the C -C 13 olefin fraction.
- a heavy olefin fraction d) is also obtained, which contains olefins whose carbon number range is at values which are higher than the carbon numbers of the desired olefin fraction. If appropriate, this fraction can also be returned to the isomerizing metathesis reaction, alternatively it can also be wholly or partly mixed with fraction b) in the ethenolysis reaction iv).
- the heavy fraction is preferably C 22+ olefins.
- olefin fractions a), b), c) and d) obtained can be used as such in some applications in which olefins with internal double bonds are more suitable than ⁇ -olefins, in some cases also more advantageous than ⁇ -olefins due to the lower price.
- uses of fraction b), preferably the C 14 -C 22 olefin fraction include in particular C 16+ or C 2 n + olefins as solvents with high flash points of> 100 ° C. or 120 ° C. for stretching silicones or other sealants, or C ⁇ -C 13 olefins after hydroformylation and alkoxylation as industrial cleaning agents.
- the desired olefin fraction is preferably subjected to a metathetic cleavage with ethylene (ethenolysis).
- the product of value fraction is separated off, preferably by distillation, the higher from the resulting linear ⁇ -olefins and lower boiling fractions are returned to the isomerizing metathesis. If the C 14 -C 22 olefin fraction is used in the ethenolysis, C 8 -C 12 ⁇ -olefins are obtained as the valuable product fraction.
- fraction d which contains long-chain olefins, or a part thereof, is also introduced into the ethenolysis reaction.
- the reaction conditions in ethenolysis correspond to the usual conditions known to those skilled in the art for such a reaction.
- the temperatures are generally from 20 to 160 ° C., preferably 40 to 60 ° C., pressures from 20 to 200 bar, preferably 40 to 80 bar.
- the catalysts used in ethenolysis correspond to the catalysts used in the isomerizing metathesis reaction as metathesis catalysts.
- Re 2 O 7 is preferably used.
- the same carrier materials are also used, preferably ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 .
- the olefins obtained according to the invention are suitable for various applications.
- the swamp has the usual methods of Gel permeation chromatography has a molecular weight M N of 520, a viscosity at 100 ° C. of 6 mm 2 / s and a viscosity index of 156, and is suitable as an additive to motor oils.
- Example r A 200 ml tubular reactor is filled with 53 g MoO 3 / SiO 2 and 46 g RuO 2 on Al 2 O 3 . The reaction is carried out at 130 ° C and 30 bar.
- Raffinate II obtained from a steam cracker C 4 cut after butadiene extraction (up to> 10 ppm) and subsequent isobutene separation (isobutene content max. 0.5%), is mixed with the recycle streams obtained in the workup and mixed at a flow rate of 100 g / h passed over the reactor.
- the product stream is distilled in a dividing wall column. Low boilers (ethene and propene) are separated off overhead.
- a small amount of an olefin fraction containing more than 22 carbon atoms is obtained in the sump.
- An olefin stream is taken off in the side draw and is distilled off in a further column operated under vacuum. The conditions are chosen so that a hydrocarbon cut containing 14-22 carbon atoms can be separated off in the bottom of this second column.
- the olefin stream separated off at the top is returned to the reactor.
- the product stream obtained is reacted directly in a further 200 ml tubular reactor, filled with 149 g of 10% Re O 7 / Al 2 O 3 at 60 ° C. and 40 bar with ethene.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002214957A AU2002214957A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 | 2001-08-23 | Method for synthesising terminal olefins having a limited molar mass distribution |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10041345.5 | 2000-08-23 | ||
DE2000141345 DE10041345A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 | 2000-08-23 | Process for the synthesis of terminal olefins with a narrow molecular weight distribution |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002016290A2 true WO2002016290A2 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
WO2002016290A3 WO2002016290A3 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2001/009756 WO2002016290A2 (en) | 2000-08-23 | 2001-08-23 | Method for synthesising terminal olefins having a limited molar mass distribution |
Country Status (3)
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AU (1) | AU2002214957A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10041345A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002016290A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4226906B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2009-02-18 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイティド | Metathesis of unsaturated fatty acid esters or unsaturated fatty acids with lower olefins |
BR0309359B1 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2014-03-18 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Alpha composition, polyol omega-polyester, alpha composition, polyamine omega-polyester and polyolefin polyester composition |
CN101003459B (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2011-08-10 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | Stabilization of olefin metathesis product mixtures |
DE602004014958D1 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2008-08-21 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | IMPROVED METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF UNSATURATED ALCOHOLS |
DE102004033410A1 (en) * | 2004-02-14 | 2005-09-01 | Oxeno Olefinchemie Gmbh | Preparation of higher olefins from lower olefins, useful to form alcohols and/or aldehydes, comprises hydroformylation of olefin to aldehyde, hydrogenation of the aldehyde to alcohol, removal of water and extraction |
EP2350159A1 (en) | 2008-10-31 | 2011-08-03 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Olefin metathesis process employing bimetallic ruthenium complex with bridging hydrido ligands |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3491163A (en) * | 1967-07-17 | 1970-01-20 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Preparation of long chain linear olefins |
EP0475245A2 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-18 | Albemarle Corporation | Preparation of alpha-olefin by ethenolysis |
US5243120A (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 1993-09-07 | Shell Oil Company | Process for the production of olefins |
WO1994008922A1 (en) * | 1992-10-19 | 1994-04-28 | Dsm N.V. | Process for the conversion of an olefin or a mixture of olefins |
WO1997034854A1 (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 1997-09-25 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for the preparation of alpha olefins |
DE19827323A1 (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 1999-12-23 | Basf Ag | Oligodecenes used as components of lubricants |
-
2000
- 2000-08-23 DE DE2000141345 patent/DE10041345A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-08-23 AU AU2002214957A patent/AU2002214957A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-23 WO PCT/EP2001/009756 patent/WO2002016290A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3491163A (en) * | 1967-07-17 | 1970-01-20 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Preparation of long chain linear olefins |
EP0475245A2 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-18 | Albemarle Corporation | Preparation of alpha-olefin by ethenolysis |
US5243120A (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 1993-09-07 | Shell Oil Company | Process for the production of olefins |
WO1994008922A1 (en) * | 1992-10-19 | 1994-04-28 | Dsm N.V. | Process for the conversion of an olefin or a mixture of olefins |
WO1997034854A1 (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 1997-09-25 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for the preparation of alpha olefins |
DE19827323A1 (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 1999-12-23 | Basf Ag | Oligodecenes used as components of lubricants |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2002214957A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
DE10041345A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
WO2002016290A3 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
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