WO2001048327A1 - Procede de construction rapide faisant intervenir des plaques d'autofixation permanente - Google Patents

Procede de construction rapide faisant intervenir des plaques d'autofixation permanente Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001048327A1
WO2001048327A1 PCT/CN2000/000735 CN0000735W WO0148327A1 WO 2001048327 A1 WO2001048327 A1 WO 2001048327A1 CN 0000735 W CN0000735 W CN 0000735W WO 0148327 A1 WO0148327 A1 WO 0148327A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
self
fixing
fixing plate
board
concrete
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2000/000735
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Yitong Chen
Original Assignee
Yitong Chen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yitong Chen filed Critical Yitong Chen
Priority to AU23428/01A priority Critical patent/AU2342801A/en
Publication of WO2001048327A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001048327A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D1/00—Bridges in general
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms

Definitions

  • the invention is a brand-new construction method, and particularly relates to a construction method of a concrete building. Construction methods of buildings such as buildings, bridges, tunnels, dams, concrete benches and chairs.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a brand-new construction method, namely, a one-step permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixing silkworm rapid construction method in which mold, decoration, solidification, and construction are integrated, which completely overcomes the existing need for temporary construction.
  • the construction method of the formwork and the Qin brick and Han tile construction methods The shortcomings of the traditional construction method completely abandon the wasteful temporary frame formwork support and bricks and batches of ash and decals and other materials and procedures that cause serious waste in traditional construction methods. It is a silkworm-type building that can build high-span buildings without large machinery. Objects, a comprehensive and effective construction method that reduces construction costs and construction difficulty, and improves construction speed, quality, and appearance.
  • the content of the present invention is: a permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixing silkworm rapid construction technology, which does not require temporary support, truss, formwork, bricks and other materials; does not require procedures such as batching ash appliques; easy industrialization and standardized large-scale commercial production; High and long span buildings can also be built without large machinery; high quality, low price, beautiful and durable; it is characterized by permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixing silkworm rapid construction technology
  • Method construction one is to use the materials of the building itself (such as concrete and decorative materials, slag and fly ash, etc.) to create a self-fixing board that can be permanently fixed on the building, instead of temporary templates and bricks; It is to preset the finish on the self-fixing plate to avoid the hard decoration process such as granting ash and decals.
  • the third is to use the self-reinforcing steel bar and temporary diagonal stays to support and fix the self-fixing plate and beam body, thereby saving support.
  • a rapid building self-fixing silkworm rapid construction technology includes a method for manufacturing a self-fixing board, characterized in that the method for manufacturing a self-fixing board includes a concrete method and a mold thereof, a ceramic method, a glass method, a plastic method, a natural or Various prefabrication methods such as artificial stone method, mixing method, and wood method; when prefabricating, the material and shape specifications of the board body, the materials and styles of the finish, and the type of self-fixing device must be determined according to the building object.
  • the present invention has:
  • Yongmo pre-decorates the self-fixing silkworm-type building, eliminating a large number of temporary external formwork, frames and consumables.
  • the molding and decoration are integrated, eliminating the need for bricks, batches of ash, stickers and other hard decoration procedures, and completely abandoning the Qin brick and Hanwa construction method.
  • masonry and decoration are in one step. As much masonry is as much as decoration, or the other way around, you can build as much as you can. Save time and reduce costs.
  • the internal steel reinforcement molds play the role of reinforcement and tension of steel bars, eliminating a large number of temporary external supports, frames, scaffolds and consumables.
  • Figures 1A-D are diagrams of an embodiment of a self-fixing plate.
  • 1 is a self-fixing plate
  • 2a is a protruding-type reinforcing bar fixing device
  • 2b is a flat-type reinforcing bar fixing device
  • 2c is a submerged nut-type fixing device
  • 2d is a convex Exposed screw-type fixed connection device
  • 3 is decorative plate, such as tiles, porcelain plates, etc .
  • 4 is reinforced steel bars
  • 5 is concrete
  • 6 is the front of the board
  • 7 is the side surface
  • 8 is the back.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of an embodiment of the wall-building method.
  • 1 is a wall self-fixing plate
  • 2 is a solid connection joint
  • 3 is a vertical connecting strip of the board
  • 4 is a horizontal connecting strip of the board
  • 5 is a diagonal reinforcing bar of the board.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a pillar-building method.
  • 1 is a column self-fixing plate
  • 2 is a column self-fixing plate contact
  • 3 is a column self-fixing plate vertical connection bar
  • 4 is a column self-fixing plate fixed joint
  • 5 is a column
  • 6 is the transverse reinforcement ring of the column
  • 7 is the diagonal reinforcement of the column.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of a temporary girder construction method of a girder.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of a construction example of the sky-capped method.
  • FIG. 5 1 is a wall; 2 is a sky-shaped reinforcing mesh; 3 is a temporary support; 4 is a solid support bar; 5 is a tensile bar.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a bridge construction example. In Fig. 6, 1 is the bridge pier; 2 is the bridge self-retaining plate; 3 is the bridge reinforcement; 4 is the temporary support; 5 is the fixed reinforcement; 6, 7 is the tensile reinforcement.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a tunnel construction example. In Figure 7, 1 is the tunnel self-fixing plate; 2 is the longitudinal connection strip of the tunnel self-fixing plate; 3 is the positioning welding joint of the tunnel self-fixing plate; 4 is the tunnel reinforcement.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment of a coffee table table and chair.
  • 1 is a self-fixing plate for a coffee table table and chair;
  • 2 is a dew-type fixing joint nut;
  • 3 is a stand-type protruding fixing screw;
  • 4 is a stand steel bar;
  • 5 is a stand concrete;
  • 6 is a foot frame.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the method of reserving the surrounding steel bars.
  • 1 is a wall or beam; 2 is a convex ridge; 3 is one of the opposite steel bars; 4 is the other of the opposite steel bars.
  • the permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixing silkworm rapid construction technology includes a permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixed silk panel, a manufacturing method of the permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixed silk panel, and a permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixed silkworm rapid construction method;
  • the permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixing board is a board body made of building materials itself, is a part of a building, and has the dual functions of formwork and decoration. It is a type that is never fixed on the building body.
  • the formwork and decorative board are composed of a board body and a self-fixing device; its characteristics are: the board body itself is prefabricated with the building material itself, such as reinforced concrete, various decorative materials, etc., and it will become a building after loading Part of the object; one side of the plate body is a fixed connection surface, that is, the reverse side (or the back surface or the inner surface), which is provided with a self-fixing device for fixing the plate body during the molding process; the other side of the plate body includes a side surface as a decorative surface That is, the front surface (or the decorative surface or the outer surface), and the decorative surface is further divided into a decorative surface such as a composite surface and a nude surface;
  • the board is divided into sticky boards according to materials, such as concrete boards, slag or fly ash boards, etc., and composite boards with concrete overlaid on various decorative materials, and made of various decorative materials themselves.
  • materials such as concrete boards, slag or fly ash boards, etc.
  • Single-material boards such as ceramic boards, natural or artificial stone boards, glass boards, wood boards, plastic boards and other boards of different materials
  • self-fixing boards are divided into wall self-fixing boards according to use , Self-retaining boards for window frames, door frames and door leaf self-retaining boards, columns and beams, self-retaining boards for sky, self-retaining boards for tables and chairs, self-retaining boards for dams, etc.
  • the sticky board is a self-fixing board made of sticky material and filler, such as concrete, slag, or fly ash;
  • the concrete slab body is a concrete slab body poured from concrete, steel, or the like;
  • the slag or fly ash board is a kind of board pressed with slag or fly ash as a filler;
  • the composite self-fixing board is a board such as a ceramic board, a glass board, a natural or artificial stone board A layer of reinforced concrete and a high-strength composite self-fixing plate body with a consolidated device is laid on the body.
  • the self-fixing plate is a kind of thin-body single-material self-fixing plate that is suitable for large-scale production of standardized and commercialized materials in the factory to facilitate transportation and handling to the construction site, and then reinforced with reinforced concrete at the construction site.
  • the ceramic plate is a self-fixing plate made of ceramic material
  • the natural or artificial slate plate is made of natural
  • the glass plate is a self-fixing plate made of glass material
  • the wood plate is a self-fixing plate made of wood material
  • the plastic plate body is a self-fixing plate body made of a plastic material
  • the window frame, door frame and door leaf self-retaining plate are self-retaining plates used for doors and window parts, and its size, shape and finish shall be according to The door frame, window frame, door leaf, etc.
  • the Yamato steel bar is denser and has more fixing points. Generally, the length is 150—250, the width is 30—60, and the thickness is about 3-4 (cm).
  • the self-retaining plate for chairs, its size, shape and variety are determined according to the requirements of the table and chair.
  • the fastening type is multi-purpose screw type or integrated type.
  • the screw type is the table, the chair's feet and the main body are fixed with screws. Integral means that the feet of the table and chair are cast together with the board surface, and it is not removable;
  • the dam self-fixing plate is a thicker and thicker self-fixing plate;
  • the self-fixing device is a type provided or fixed on the plate body, and is used for fixing the self-fixing plate when the self-fixing plate is installed.
  • a device has the following structural categories, installation forms, and fixing methods: Among them, the structural category refers to the structure of the self-fixing device, which includes branch type (such as steel bar), screw type, eyelet type, hook head type, fitting type, There are many kinds of fixed connection structure methods such as adhesive type; the setting form refers to the self-fixing device placement on the board, there are two types, which are convex type and flat dew type; the fixing method refers to fixing the board body by the self-fixing device The methods include: a variety of fixing methods such as strong connection method, banding method, screw method, gluing method, and mosaic method;
  • the branch-type self-fixing device is a branch (such as a reinforcing bar) that has one end hooked or bent to be buried in the body of the board or collusion or welded to the steel bar inside the board, and the other end is exposed outside the board (convex)
  • a fixing device for fixing the self-fixing plate by hooking or welding the bare branches outside the board when mounting the mold; or both ends of the branches (such as steel bars) are hooked or bent to be buried.
  • the inside of the board is either hooked or connected to the steel bar inside the board, and the middle ends of the branches are exposed in the plane of the board (flat exposed).
  • the branches are used to hook or weld flat exposed or called
  • one end of a screw is buried in a plate body or welded on a steel bar inside the plate body, and the other end is exposed outside the plate body.
  • a device such as a nut
  • a device that is matched with a screw on the plate body is used. , Joints, etc. to fix a self-fixing plate;
  • the eyelet-type self-fixing device is a fixing device for fixing a self-fixing plate by using a device (such as a bolt, an expansion column, and the like) that is matched with the eyelet on the plate body when the mold is installed;
  • the hook-head type self-fixing device is a kind of fixing provided with a hook head on a plate body, and a device (such as a collar, a joint, etc.) for fixing the self-fixing plate is used when the mold is mounted.
  • a device such as a collar, a joint, etc.
  • the fitting type self-fixing device is provided with a fitting head or a fitting groove on the plate body.
  • a device such as a concave fitting or a convex fitting, a dovetail shape, etc.
  • a fixing device for fixing the self-fixing plate is used.
  • the viscous self-fixing device is provided with an adhesive part on the board body.
  • a device such as a branch, a stick, etc.
  • a fixing device for adhesively fixing a self-fixing plate is used to adhere or glue.
  • the exposed type is the self-fixing device's fixed connection part protruding from the outside of the board.
  • the embedded steel bar or gong bolt has one end protruding from the outside of the board as the fixed connection part; or the embedded steel bar has ring ears for fixed connection.
  • the shaped steel bar part protrudes from the surface of the board body; or the board body has a fitting protrusion and so on;
  • the flat dew type is that the fixing part of the self-fixing device does not protrude from the outside of the board, and is only exposed in the plane of the board.
  • the fixing part of the embedded steel bar is exposed not higher than the plane of the board, or is buried.
  • the nut is sunk in the plane of the plate body; in addition, in order to facilitate the connection, a recess is also provided on the plate body at the fixed connection portion;
  • the welding method of fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device is a fixing method of fixing the self-fixing plate by welding methods such as electric welding or hot-melt welding during mold mounting;
  • the binding method for fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device is a fixing method for bundling and fixing the self-fixation plate by using a binding method such as iron wire or wire rope when the mold is installed;
  • the screw method of fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device is a fixing method of fixing and fixing the self-fixing plate by using screws;
  • the adhesive method for fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device is a method for fixing or fixing the self-fixing plate by applying or welding adhesive on the solid-fixing place.
  • the fitting method for fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device is a fixing method in which the fixing part is made into a joint-shaped joint (such as a dovetail) to fix the self-fixing plate;
  • the composite decorative surface is preset on the decorative surface with decorative materials adhered to the board body, such as tiles, mosaics, marble, glass, plastic, etc .;
  • the nude finish is a preset surface with some textures, paints, or even a simple plane or natural color;
  • the manufacturing method of the permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixing plate includes a concrete method and a mold thereof, a ceramic method, a glass method, a plastic method, a natural or artificial stone method, a mixing method, a wood method, a slag or fly ash method, and a mold thereof.
  • a prefabrication method, the material and shape specifications of the board body, the material and style of the finish, and the type of self-fixing device must be determined according to the building object during prefabrication;
  • the concrete method and its mold are divided into several prefabricated methods, such as the decorative concrete method and its mold, the light decorative concrete method and its mold, the naked concrete method and its mold; the decorative concrete method and its mold are: 1. In the mold for making self-fixing plates, place decorative materials such as tiles, porcelain plates, Mosaic, glass plate, marble plate, plastic plate, etc. 2. Put the plate steel bars and fixing devices, such as steel bars, screws, etc. in the mold; 3. Pour the concrete and solidify it, and pay attention to the fixing The fixing devices at the parts such as steel bars, screws, etc. are exposed and exposed; 4.
  • the mold can be removed after the concrete is collected, and the mold does not need to be removed after it is completely dry and hardened; If the plate surface of the self-fixing plate is flat , Its mold is only a simple removable movable side mold without the need for a surface mold, which can be easily laminated on a flat floor or a platform or on the self-fixing plate surface of the same specification; the side mold can be angle steel, wood It is made of strips, iron plates, etc. with movable fixtures, page turning, latches, etc .; if the plate surface of the self-fixing plate is not flat, a surface mold must be added; this method has simple molds, good decorative effects, and can be used locally.
  • the advantages of simple construction; The decorative concrete method and its mold are: 1.
  • the glass method refers to the use of glass materials to make self-fixing plates. It is suitable for buildings with super high-end decoration; the plastic method refers to the manufacture of self-fixing boards made of plastic materials. Suitable for super-high-end decoration buildings;
  • the natural or artificial stone method refers to self-fixing boards made of natural stone or artificial stone, such as marble, marble, etc., which are suitable for higher-end decoration buildings; the mixing The method is to use the ceramic method, glass method, plastic method, natural or artificial stone method to produce thin self-fixing plates in the factory, and then add reinforced concrete to the self-fixing plates at the construction site.
  • the board is suitable for indoor pre-decoration, such as ceiling, interior wall, etc .
  • the slag or fly ash method and its mold are a method of self-solidifying board by mechanical pressing using slag or fly ash as a filler; the permanent
  • the rapid construction methods of mold self-fixing and self-fixing include the wall-building method, column-building method, beam-building method, and capping method; the wall-building method is suitable for building walls; the column-building method is suitable for building pillars and piers; the beam-building method is suitable for building beams and Spanning arch; roofing method is suitable for laying horizontal slabs, sky surfaces and bridge slabs, etc .; the wall-building method is a method in which the self-fixing walls of the wall are first fixed and connected by themselves, and then reinforced by concrete pouring and bonding. brick One-step wall masonry method that combines the hardened masonry and decoration such as ash, whitewashing or stickers (such as the attached picture)
  • the steps include the method of placing the wall self-fixing board, the method of self-fixing the wall self-fixing board, the method of pouring the wall, and the method of preventing the leakage of the side seam and the pollution of the slurry;
  • the decorative surface (front) outwards, the fixed surface (back or reverse), and the wall self-fixing plate (such as the drawing) 2 as shown in 1) wherein two vertically adjacent self-fixing plates and two opposite self-fixing plates may be placed in a front-to-front or half-shift manner, etc .;
  • the wall self-fixing plates are self-fixed and installed
  • the method is to connect the self-fixing plates on the opposite side and the two adjacent self-fixing plates on the inner surface (fixed connection surface) with branches (as shown in Figure 2), so that they have a certain stable strength and can withstand the pouring and piling.
  • branches are metal and non-metal 2 types, metal such as rebar Strips, small iron strips, etc .; non-metallics such as bamboo strips, plastic strips, concrete mosaic strips, etc .;
  • the branch placement methods include facing (horizontal and vertical or vertical) placement methods and diagonal pairs (slanting ) Cross placement method;
  • the opposite placement method is that the branches are opposite to each other and adjacent Place the connection at the shortest and straightest distance of the self-fixing plate.
  • the diagonally-crossed placement method is to place the branches at the opposite and adjacent self-fixing plates. , Left to right, top left to bottom right, etc .;
  • the branches and the connection method with the self-fixing plate are divided into two types (the same as the welding method of fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device) as shown in Figure 2.
  • Banding type (the same as the method of fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device)
  • Screw type (same as the screw method for fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device)
  • Adhesive type (the same as the method for fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device), Fitting type (the same as fixing the plate body by the self-fixing device) Chimera method);
  • the wall pouring method is a method of filling and pouring concrete after the wall self-fixing plate has been fixed one or more layers. If the wall is not finished and it is necessary to continue building, then do not fill it. Top One third of the layer should be left so that the upper part of the self-fixing plate of this layer is exposed, so as not to affect the self-fixing and installation of the subsequent self-fixing plate; fillers such as corner stones or foam can be appropriately filled in the filling and pouring concrete to Reduce the cost or weight of the wall and improve the sound insulation performance of the wall;
  • the anti-seam leakage prevention pollution method is a method for preventing cement slurry from leaking from the side seams of a self-fixing board to contaminate the finish, and includes a gluing method, a mortar method, a glue strip method and a tape method.
  • the adhesive method for preventing the leakage of the side seam from being polluted by the cement is to fix the side seam with glue or stick the entire decorative surface after the self-fixing board is installed and before pouring the concrete, so that the cement slurry cannot flow out of the side seam.
  • the glue can be hot-melt adhesive, self-adhesive, or hydrosol, so that it can be easily removed after construction;
  • the mortar method for preventing contamination by leakage leakage of side seams is a method of sealing the side seams with mortar while installing self-fixing plates so that the cement slurry cannot flow out of the side seams to the outside.
  • the mortar may be a cement paddle, Construction mortar such as lime mortar;
  • the rubber strip method for preventing leakage pollution of the side seam is a method of embedding a self-fixing board in the side seam while installing the self-fixing board, so that the cement slurry cannot flow out of the side seam to the outside;
  • the adhesive tape method for preventing the leakage of the side seam from slurry pollution is to fix the side seam with adhesive tape or stick the entire decorative surface after the self-fixing board is installed and before the concrete is poured, so that the cement slurry cannot pass through the side seam. A way to flow out;
  • the column building method is based on being able to lift the column, first welding or tying the steel bars of the column itself, and then using the column steel bar as an internal support to install and fix the column self-fixing plate on the column steel bar, and finally A one-step column construction method for re-casting concrete that does not require external formwork and external support, as well as mold, decoration, solidification, and construction of batches of gray plaster decoration (such as (Shown in FIG. 3); the steps include the structural device method of the column reinforcement, the self-fixing installation method of the column self-fixing plate, the column pouring method, the silkworm penetration method, and the anti-seal leakage pollution method; if the column and the wall It is a mixed structure, so columns and walls must be constructed simultaneously;
  • the structural device of the cylindrical steel bar is a cylindrical steel bar structure, and the main steel bar must not only have the usual orthodox (horizontal) steel bars that are bent into a circle, or be fastened, but also be stiff or diagonal ( The oblique) steel bars further increase the strength as shown in Figure 3, so that they can support the installation and fixing of the self-fixing plate and pouring concrete;-The self-fixing installation method of the column self-fixing plate is to first The fixing plate is as shown in Figure 3, and the decorative surface is facing outward and the solidified surface is placed in the boundary line from bottom to top. Then, the steel bars of the column closest to the solidified portion are firmly connected with a reinforcing bar.
  • the second and third pieces are installed and fixed, and after the first layer (circle) is installed and fixed, the second layer (circle) and the third layer (circle) are installed and fixed.
  • the two adjacent self-fixing plates and the column reinforcement are further strengthened, as shown in Figure 3;
  • the column casting method is a method for filling and pouring concrete after the column self-fixing plate is installed and fixed on the column reinforcement and self-reinforced one layer (circle) or several layers (circle). After assembly, you need to continue to build. Do not fill it. The top layer (circle) should be left one-third, so that the upper part of the self-fixing plate of this layer is exposed, which will not affect the self-fixing of the subsequent self-fixing plate. Fixing and installation;
  • the silkworm feeding method is a construction method in which a part of the steel bar is firmly connected, that is, the part of the self-fixing slab is fixed and the part of concrete is poured. After the part of the concrete is cured and hardened, the above steps are repeated.
  • the construction method is suitable for high-span wide buildings. Columns, beams, sky surfaces, etc., such as columns, beams, bridges, culverts, etc .;
  • the beam girder method is to first install and weld solid beam reinforcement at the beam body position, then install and fix the welded beam body self-fixing plate on the beam reinforcement with steel bars, and finally cast concrete without a formwork.
  • One-step beam construction method combining mold, decoration, solidification, and construction with external support and batch of gray plaster decoration; This method has the advantage of self-stressing and can fully play the role of reinforcing steel; its steps include beam reinforcement Structural installation method (structural installation method of the same column reinforcement), self-fixing installation method of the beam self-fixing plate (self-fixing installation method of the same column self-fixing plate), beam casting method (same column casting method) 4.
  • the concrete construction method of the beam-girder method is divided into one-time completion method, silkworm advance method and temporary stay-pulling method;
  • the one-time completion method is to first strengthen the beam body reinforcement in advance to make it have a certain rigidity, and then place the beam body on the beam body, and then fix the beam body self-fixing plate to the beam.
  • This method is suitable for small beams with small spans;
  • the temporary cable-stayed method is to temporarily weld or bind a beam with a large-span beam or a steel bar suspended from the sky.
  • reinforcing bars that are pulled out of the body, such as reinforcing bars or iron wires, to increase the supporting force of the beam and sky reinforcement in the early stage, and prevent the beam reinforcement and sky reinforcement in the suspended part from falling, to be fixed
  • a self-reinforcing temporary fixed building method (such as Figures 4, 5, and 6 in the attached drawings) after the self-fixing slab and the concrete on the pouring are hardened and the temporary strength is cut and removed only when the overall strength reaches safety and reliability. (Shown in the figure);
  • the method of pulling the reinforcing ribs is similar to that of a suspension bridge.
  • a temporary support is erected at a certain point, and the temporary supporting ribs are pulled down from the upper part of the temporary support (as shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6).
  • Strong rib; the fixed brace is a kind of diagonal brace drawn on the temporary support for pulling the support itself, one end of which is connected to the temporary support, and the other end is connected to a fixed point (as shown in FIG. 4) , 5, 6); the tensile strength It is a kind of diagonal brace that tightens and tightens the beam reinforcement in the suspended area and the sky reinforcement mesh. One end is connected to the temporary support, and the other end is connected to the appropriate point of the beam reinforcement or sky reinforcement mesh in the suspension.
  • the capping method is a one-step sky paving that does not require an external template and external support and batch plastering, which is a one-step place.
  • Method which has two implementation methods: pre-stress method and hard mold method; the pre-stress method is to first tighten the sky steel mesh and fasten it firmly without loosening, and then the sky surface self-fixing board facing down A method of paving the sky with the solid surface facing the ground at the bottom of the steel mesh, and finally laying a layer of concrete.
  • the method steps include the method of reserving the surrounding steel bars and welding the steel mesh prestressed mesh.
  • Tie method temporary cable-stayed method, self-fixing installation method of self-fixing panels on the sky, paving method on the sky, anti-leakage pollution from side seams; pre-stress method is suitable for the sky with few walls and beams and large spans.
  • the method of reserving steel bars around the perimeter is to place two pairs of side edges and beams on the wall surface around the perimeter surface. For the two pairs of sides, rebar heads with the same spacing as the arrangement of the sky reinforcement mesh are reserved as fastening joints for the sky reinforcement, and convex ridges are built in the middle of the reinforcement on both sides so that the reinforcement on the two sides is folded back.
  • the perimeter of the sky surface does not refer to the outermost periphery of the entire sky surface, but refers to each need to be used as an independent steel mesh Around the arranged area;
  • a small sky surface may only have a simple four perimeter, while a large sky surface may have many two-sided peripheral areas.
  • the main building and the large room are used as a peripheral area.
  • the sky of the building is divided into many perimeter areas, and many steel heads need to be reserved on the edges and beams in the middle of the perimeter areas;
  • the sturdy method of the prefabricated prestressed mesh of the sky is a method of prestressing a reinforcing bar by tightening each of the steel bars of the screed prefabricated mesh to the bar on the opposite side of the periphery;
  • the method is to first weld one end of each reinforcing bar of the reinforcement mesh to the corresponding reinforcing bar head on the opposite side of any periphery, and then tighten the other end of the reinforcing bar with a wire tightener to the reinforcing head on the opposite side of the corresponding periphery.
  • the steel bar and the steel bar are welded firmly, so that the next steel bar is tightened and welded until each bar on the sky steel mesh is tightly welded, and then each intersection on the network is welded. They are connected so as not to loosen.
  • prestressed steel bars can be added to each diagonal of the bottom of the mesh to become a prestressed steel mesh with crossed diagonal ribs;
  • the fixed installation method of the sky self-fixing plate without additional template support is a method of fixing the sky self-fixing plate on the pre-stressed steel mesh on the sky.
  • the specific steps are to install the pieces from the periphery one by one, one by one. Install in circles around the center, and make the bottom surface flat; the specific method is to place the top surface of the self-fixing board of the sky facing downwards, and place the solid surface upward on the sky line at the bottom of the prestressed net. Then, use a short steel bar to connect and weld the solidification part and the prestressed mesh firmly. In this way, the self-fixing plate is fixedly installed from the periphery to the center.
  • the sky surface paving method is a sky surface construction method in which a layer of concrete is installed after a fixed and self-fixing plate is installed and fixed;
  • the specific requirement is that the surface of the area should be paved once per week, and not paved in stages;
  • the self-fixing board with the sky surface facing down and the solid surface facing up is laid on the beam, the top of the wall, and the surface is fixed and flattened, and then the welding board is laid on the self-fixing board.
  • the method steps include a beam beam method, a method of installing a hard-surface self-fixing plate, a method of tying the reinforcing mesh of the sky, and temporary staying.
  • the beam distribution method is that the positional spacing of the beams must meet the placement requirements of the hard-surface self-fixing plate, so that the hard-surface self-fixing plate just spans between the beam and the beam or between the beam and the wall.
  • the distance between the center of the beam and the wall is about 2.1 meters; this method has more and more dense beams;
  • the hard sky self-fixing plate device method is to place the hard sky self-fixing plate with the decorative surface facing downward and the solid-linking face upward across the beam and the wall and the beam and the beam. Beam or wall position is 5-10 cm;
  • the toughening method of the sky surface reinforced mesh is after a hard sky surface self-fixing plate is discharged, and then a layer of steel mesh is welded on the self-fixation plate;
  • the arrangement of the reinforcing mesh is the same as the method of binding. It is also possible to use a wire tensioner to tighten and tighten each reinforcing bar to become a pre-stressed sky steel mesh to increase the strength of the sky.
  • the principle of the present invention is: 1. Precast a self-retaining board with formwork and decoration and fixing functions that can be permanently fixed on the building body with concrete or various building materials and decorative materials, thereby eliminating the temporary frame formwork support and bricks. ; 2. The use of overlaying concrete on the decorative material to form a self-fixing board with integrated molding or the concrete self-fixing board itself has a facing or use the decorative material to make the self-fixing board directly, thereby eliminating the need for hard decoration such as ash and decals. Procedures; 3.
  • the internal steel bars are used to support and fix the self-retaining plate, and play the role of support and tension of the steel bars, thereby eliminating the need for temporary supports and frames to fix the mold, and achieving self-fixing and silkworm-type and self-prestressing buildings.
  • the representative embodiments of the present invention have three types and four categories, which are: the first type, the permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixing plate; the second type, the method for manufacturing the permanent mold pre-decorated self-fixed plate, and the mold; the third type , Yongmo pre-decorated self-fixing silkworm rapid construction methods, including: 3.1, building construction; 3.2, bridge construction; 3.3, tunnel pouring; 3.4, coffee table tables and chairs production. Each is described below with an example.
  • the self-fixing plate of this embodiment is a composite self-fixing plate among many self-fixing plates, and is one of many composite self-fixing plates. As shown in Figures 1A-D. It is characterized in that the self-fixing plate is composed of a plate body 1 and a self-fixing device 2.
  • the plate body is made of ceramic tile or glazed tile 3, steel bar 4 and concrete 5, and one side 6 of the plate body is the front or decorative surface, which is the glazed surface of the ceramic or glazed tile of the tile.
  • all or part of the side surface 7 of the board can also be porcelain or glazed; the other side 8 of the board can be the back or fixed surface, and its surface is a rough concrete surface or a rough surface with sticky marks printed on it. surface.
  • the flat exposed portion of the reinforcing bar 2bl may be provided with a pit.
  • the part of the fixing device in the board body must be connected with the reinforcing steel in the board body.
  • the manufacturing method of the self-fixing plate and the mold thereof in this embodiment are one of a variety of manufacturing methods of the self-fixing plate and the mold thereof, that is, the method of attaching concrete and the mold thereof. Its characteristics are: 1. In the mold for making self-fixing board, place decorative materials, such as tiles, porcelain pieces, mosaics, glass plates, marble plates, plastic plates, etc. in advance on the side and side that need to be decorated; 2. Put the plate reinforcement and fixing devices in the mold, such as steel bars, screws, etc. 3. Pour the concrete and mix and smooth them. At the same time, pay attention to keep the fixing devices such as steel bars and screws at the fixed parts clean and exposed. Come out; 4.
  • the mold can be dismantled after the concrete is collected, and there is no need to wait until the mold is completely dry and hardened. If the surface of the self-fixing plate is flat, its mold is only a simple removable side mold without the need for a surface mold, which can be conveniently on flat ground or on a platform or on a self-fixing plate of the same specification. Laminated construction.
  • the side molds can be made of angle steel, wooden strips, iron plates, etc. with movable fixtures, page turning, latches, etc .; if the plate surface of the self-fixing plate is not flat, a surface mold must be added. This method has the advantages of simple mold, good decorative effect, and simple and convenient construction.
  • Example of building construction After the foundation is established by the traditional method, the wall and pillar method (as shown in FIG. 2) and the pillar method (as shown in FIG. 3) of this building method can be used to raise the main wall and pillars. As well as door and window frames, stairs, etc. When the walls and columns reach a sufficient height, the beams and roofing methods, temporary cable-stayed methods (as shown in Figures 4 and 5) of this building method can be used. So one floor after another.
  • the self-reinforced slab is ceramic
  • the inside and outside of the entire building will be a new, hard and beautiful building that is as clean and beautiful as porcelain, but its cost is only Half the beauty of traditional methods of construction.
  • the decorative surface of the self-fixing plate is embossed, it will be full of art, elegance and grandeur; if the wall self-fixing plate, the sky self-fixing plate, the column self-fixing plate, etc.
  • Standards and uniform specifications make them have good coordination and convenient installation. They are suitable for industrialization, commercialization, and standardized large-scale production in the factory. The construction speed and time will be faster and shorter, the quality will be higher, and the cost will be higher. But lower.
  • Example of bridge construction The pier is actually a large pillar, so after the foundation of the pier is laid in the traditional method, the pillar method in this building method can be used to build the pier, as shown in Figure 3, that is, the steel bars of the pier must be welded first. To make it have a certain strength and supporting force, Then pier self-reinforced slabs are welded on the pier steel bars, and then mixed with concrete, so that the building is built up layer by layer until the building reaches the required height.
  • the bridge pier self-fixing plate may be a naked or light self-fixing plate in this method, or it may be a more beautiful sticker or hybrid self-fixing plate.
  • span beams and bridge decks in this method can be used to build the beams, the roofing method, the silkworm method, the temporary cable staying method, the prestress method, etc., as shown in Figure 6.
  • Tunnel pouring example When using this construction method when digging a tunnel, arched steel bars and self-retaining slabs can be welded while digging, so that hardening can be performed while welding and pouring while digging, as shown in Figure 7. Since excavation and support pouring and hardening are carried out in succession, it can better avoid landslides and leakage, and overcome the traditional exterior mold casting method, which requires a large number of supporting frames.
  • Example of making coffee table tables and chairs Using this method to make coffee tables and tables is not only very simple, but also very sturdy, beautiful, wear-resistant, temperature-resistant, durable and low-cost, and easy to transport.
  • the mixing method and the screw-type fastening method in this method should be adopted, as shown in FIG. 8. It is to place suitable steel bars on the reverse side of the ceramic plate (the whole or multiple pieces are arranged) such as a table top or glass plate, slate, etc., and screws or nuts for fixing the feet are welded to the appropriate position of the steel bar.
  • a steel bar is placed in the middle of an empty tube such as a porcelain tube, a glass tube, or a stainless steel tube.
  • an empty tube such as a porcelain tube, a glass tube, or a stainless steel tube.
  • One end of the steel bar is welded with nuts or screws, and then the empty tube is filled with concrete, taking care not to fill or stain the nuts or screws.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de construction rapide faisant intervenir des plaques d'autofixation permanente au détriment de supports, de panneaux de coffrage, de boisage ainsi que d'autres matériaux. Ce procédé est spécialement indiqué pour une production massive industrielle, normalisée et commerciale tout en s'adaptant à des constructions de type à fixation de telle sorte que les équipements et machines de petite dimension permettent la constructions d'édifices élevés ou de grande envergure en garantissant une bonne qualité, des prix modiques, une esthétique réussie et une forte résistance au temps. Ce procédé consiste à utiliser une plaque d'autofixation permanente (1) que l'on obtient par la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé de construction par fixation (3) et d'un procédé de fabrication de ladite plaque d'autofixation (2). A cet effet, a) des matériaux de construction (notamment du béton) servent à former une plaque d'autofixation (1) permanente sur la construction qui n'a pas besoin d'être démontée et qui remplace les briques et panneaux de coffrage traditionnels ; b) la plaque d'autofixation est recouverte d'un revêtement; c) et finalement des poutres de renfort en acier et des poutres transversales supportent et fixent les plaques, éliminant ainsi tout risque de chute.
PCT/CN2000/000735 1999-12-28 2000-12-27 Procede de construction rapide faisant intervenir des plaques d'autofixation permanente WO2001048327A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU23428/01A AU2342801A (en) 1999-12-28 2000-12-27 A quickly building method with permanent fancy self-fixing plate

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN99124677.2 1999-12-28
CN 99124677 CN1264775A (zh) 1999-12-28 1999-12-28 永模预饰自固蚕进快速建筑技术

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WO2001048327A1 true WO2001048327A1 (fr) 2001-07-05

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AU (1) AU2342801A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001048327A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

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CN107514074A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2017-12-26 成都福仕特科技有限责任公司 一种免装饰的装配式建筑的墙体及其制备方法
CN108532867A (zh) * 2018-03-16 2018-09-14 付晓东 发热式背景墙形象墙吊顶
CN115142722A (zh) * 2022-06-10 2022-10-04 河南沃克曼建设工程有限公司 一种大型污水处理厂圆形水池模板精准定位快速施工方法

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CN102587611A (zh) * 2012-01-18 2012-07-18 浙江海天建设集团有限公司 一种天然块石假干砌装饰墙及施工方法
CN106609590B (zh) * 2015-10-23 2020-04-14 邱琼彦 一种3d打印房屋的建筑方法
CN107700842B (zh) * 2017-08-14 2019-09-13 上海二十冶建设有限公司 多级陡坡条件下高层吊脚楼群施工速度控制方法
CN107386454B (zh) * 2017-08-14 2019-05-24 上海二十冶建设有限公司 多级陡坡条件下高层吊脚楼群施工顺序确定方法

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CN2195582Y (zh) * 1994-07-01 1995-04-26 洪文郁 高强度组合式水泥预铸配管连接墙
CN1234087A (zh) * 1996-10-16 1999-11-03 詹姆斯·哈迪研究有限公司 墙壁件及其制造方法

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GB2258669A (en) * 1991-08-13 1993-02-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd A concrete-filled steel bearing wall and a method of manufacture thereof
CN2195582Y (zh) * 1994-07-01 1995-04-26 洪文郁 高强度组合式水泥预铸配管连接墙
CN1234087A (zh) * 1996-10-16 1999-11-03 詹姆斯·哈迪研究有限公司 墙壁件及其制造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107514074A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2017-12-26 成都福仕特科技有限责任公司 一种免装饰的装配式建筑的墙体及其制备方法
CN108532867A (zh) * 2018-03-16 2018-09-14 付晓东 发热式背景墙形象墙吊顶
CN115142722A (zh) * 2022-06-10 2022-10-04 河南沃克曼建设工程有限公司 一种大型污水处理厂圆形水池模板精准定位快速施工方法
CN115142722B (zh) * 2022-06-10 2024-04-05 河南沃克曼建设工程有限公司 一种大型污水处理厂圆形水池模板精准定位快速施工方法

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