WO2001022091A2 - Verfahren zur fertilitätsbestimmung von säugetieren, insbesondere von menschen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur fertilitätsbestimmung von säugetieren, insbesondere von menschen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001022091A2 WO2001022091A2 PCT/AT2000/000256 AT0000256W WO0122091A2 WO 2001022091 A2 WO2001022091 A2 WO 2001022091A2 AT 0000256 W AT0000256 W AT 0000256W WO 0122091 A2 WO0122091 A2 WO 0122091A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- leptin
- fertility
- content
- fluid
- determining
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/22—Hormones
- A61K38/2264—Obesity-gene products, e.g. leptin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
- A61P15/08—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for gonadal disorders or for enhancing fertility, e.g. inducers of ovulation or of spermatogenesis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/74—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving hormones or other non-cytokine intercellular protein regulatory factors such as growth factors, including receptors to hormones and growth factors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining fertility in mammals, in particular humans.
- Leptin was discovered in 1994 as a central, hunger-regulating metabolic hormone and associated with other multiple functions. A number of studies have shown the importance of this hormone for reproduction in animals and humans, although the function and regulation of leptin in reproduction have not yet been clarified in detail.
- Leptin is a 16 kD protein from the cytokine family (Zhang Y. et al., Nature 1994, 372, pp. 425-432) and is synthesized and secreted by adipocytes (RV Considine et al., J. Clin. Invest 1995, 95, 2986-2988). Leptin circulates in the blood and is bound to its soluble receptor (GH Lee et al., Nature 1996, 379, 632-635). Another receptor OB-R s is responsible for the transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier (LA Tartaglia, Cell 1995, 83, 1263-1271).
- leptin In the hunger center of the hypothalamus, leptin binds to its long, signal-transmitting receptor OB-R L (H. Chen et al., Cell 1996, 84, 491-495), which inhibits the production of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) here (TW Stephens et al., Nature 1995, 377, 530-532). This reduces the feeling of hunger and increases the basic metabolism in the body. Ultimately, there is weight loss, especially a decrease in body fat (MA Pelleymounter et al., Science 1995, 269, 540-543, and JL Haiaas et al., Science 1995, 269, 543-546).
- leptin influences the reproductive organs directly or indirectly via the hypothala o-pituitary axis.
- the importance of leptin for human reproduction is also still completely unclear.
- Receptor OB-R for leptin was first detected in 1996 by Northern blot analysis in the ovary (JA Cioffi et al., Nature Med. 1996, 2, 585-589), whereupon a possible significance of this hormone for human reproduction was postulated , The short leptin receptor OB-R s was subsequently found in granulosa and cumulus cells.
- leptin and leptin RNA could be detected in granular and cumulus cells of the ovary using RT-PCR analysis and immunofluorescence.
- leptin but not leptin-m-RNA, was found in mature human egg cells (JA Cioffi et al., Mol. Hum. Reprod. 1997, 3, 467-472). It has been postulated that leptin, which is produced in the granulosa cells of the ovary, is taken up into the egg cell in a pinocytotic manner and is enriched peripherally and polarized in certain areas. After fertilization and further development, leptin is found in some cells of the pre-implantation embryo together with STAT 3, a key protein of intracellular signal transmission and transcription.
- leptin is involved in the activation of this transcription factor and thus influences embryonic gene expression (M. Antzcak et al., Mol. Hum. Reprod. 1997, 3, 1067-1086).
- Another important physiological function of leptin is due to its effect on ovarian steroid hormone synthesis, whereby high concentrations of leptin inhibit 17ß-estradiol synthesis in granulosa cells and can thus impair the normal function of the ovary (RJ Zachow et al., Endocrinol. 1997, 138 (2), 847-850).
- PCO polycystic ovarian syndrome
- interfertility and obesity are functionally and causal connection with increased leptin values (D. Micic et al., Gynecol. Endocrinol. 1997, 11 (5), 315-320).
- WO 98/33865 proposes screening methods for diseases, in particular cancer, by measuring leptin derived from non-adipose tissue. Furthermore, it was also recognized in this WO document that the amount of leptin in the plasma of pregnant women is significantly increased compared to the amount that would be expected from non-pregnant women on the basis of the body mass index (BMI) and has values which are approximately that of Leptin levels in plasma correspond to obesity. Accordingly, a pregnancy test is proposed in which pregnant women who are in the 8th to 36th week of pregnancy take samples from non-adipose tissue and determine the amount of leptin contained. The leptin content determined is then compared with the leptin content of a non-pregnant woman who has the same age and the same body mass index in order to determine the presence of a pregnancy.
- BMI body mass index
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a completely new fertility determination method with which - in addition to a "natural" fertility determination within the framework of a normal cycle - i.a. these indications are given and this monitoring can be guaranteed.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for determining the fertility of mammals, in particular humans, which is characterized in that
- the leptin content in this body or organ fluid is determined and - The determined leptin content is compared with a reference value for determining the fertility.
- the present invention is based on the surprising finding that the leptin concentration in the various body or organ fluids, where leptin is present, correlates directly with fertility properties. This correlation is not only limited to the presence of fertility disorders, but is also possible for the diagnosis of fertility fluctuations or for checking the event of an embryo implantation in the course of in vitro fertilization. According to the invention, it has even been shown that, in addition to the detection of the presence or absence of oocytes, the methodology according to the invention for determining the leptin content even makes a statement regarding the degree of maturation of oocytes.
- the present invention is therefore based on the knowledge that the fertility property (and not the pregnancy) correlates directly with the leptin content, that is to say at a much earlier point in time than the method according to WO 88/55865 , begins: While the determination of pregnancy according to WO 88/55865 is described as possible from the 8th week of pregnancy, the test according to the invention starts long before the onset of pregnancy, eg as part of normal cycle monitoring or assisted reproductive medication, and concludes with successful embryo implantation (i.e. 0th, 1st or 2nd week of pregnancy).
- the present invention can be used in human medicine, in particular in the monitoring of in vitro fertilizations or in production diagnoses and reports. However, it also has enormous application possibilities in the context of modern animal breeding, since it can be standardized in a simple manner and no complicated laboratory facilities are required to carry out the test.
- Leptin is present in many different body or organ fluids and it has been shown according to the invention that the leptin content in all these fluids with the fertility egg properties correlated. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, however, the leptin content is predominantly determined in body or organ fluids which are distinguished by a high physiological leptin content, such as, for example, serum, follicular or seminal fluid.
- a high physiological leptin content such as, for example, serum, follicular or seminal fluid.
- other body or organ fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, since the concentration of leptin in these other fluids is also in ranges which generally do not pose any problems with regard to the possible leptin detection limit ,
- the leptin content can be determined immunologically, electrophoretically or chromatographically.
- Immunological determination methods for leptin are often preferred according to the invention because not only are a number of different monoclonal antibodies available against various epitopes of leptin, but because immunological tests, for example in the form of standard ELISA tests, can easily be designed in such a way that they too can be carried out and evaluated without complex laboratory instruments (e.g. in combination with colorimetric detection methods). This makes it possible to provide the determination method according to the invention also in a form that can be carried out by laypeople.
- free leptin is preferably determined in the sample.
- a leptin normal value for the respective body or organ fluid is usually used as the reference value.
- This can be used for example in the form of comparison values, comparison curves or comparison tables in the method according to the invention or - which is generally preferred - can be obtained together with the sample of the removed body or organ fluid by simultaneously determining a reference sample (with a defined leptin content).
- the systematic error which can probably never be completely eliminated, the different determination methods or different determination conditions can bring with it from the outset. This can be particularly important for determinations where there are only gradual differences in the leptin content (e.g. when determining the degree of maturation of oocytes).
- the sample measured according to the invention is preferably not only compared with one reference value, but with two or more reference values.
- a reference value in addition to a "normal value", it is also possible to provide another reference value or a reference sample, such as a "pathological" reference or a “pregnancy” reference, etc.
- a reference value for the leptin content in the corresponding body or organ fluid which corresponds to the leptin value of a normal patient (or in the case of animal breeding, the sample of the normal animal).
- this reference value is preferably obtained by determining the leptin content of a reference sample in parallel with the fertility determination of the sample.
- the determination of the leptin content by means of immunological methods, in particular using a monoclonal antibody is preferred, since standardization can be achieved very efficiently by this and the data obtained are compatible with one another for the most varied batches of a determination kit.
- the present invention relates to the use of leptin for determining the fertility property of mammals.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kit for determining the fertility of mammals which
- the choice of the reagent for the detection of the leptin content is of course dependent on the respective detection methodology.
- the reagent for detecting the leptin content preferably comprises an antibody against leptin, in particular a monoclonal leptin antibody.
- This leptin antibody preferably also has other detection means, such as fluorescent, radioactive or chromogenic groups, or can be bound by other detection means (e.g. by secondary antibodies).
- the leptin reference agent preferably comprises a standardized amount of leptin, for example a reference sample of the respective body or organ fluid.
- the leptin reference agent can also consist of a simple comparison value or a comparison table or a comparison curve, which is preferably standardized for the respective body or organ fluid and the respective detection method.
- kits according to the invention are particularly preferred which has a whole series of standardized leptin samples which, for example define a calibration line or are representative of certain fertilization features.
- the method according to the invention or the kit according to the invention are preferably used for monitoring patients in the context of fertilization methods, in particular in the case of in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. It is necessary to routinely monitor the presence or absence of oocytes and their quality for successful fertilization or the functionality of sperm with a simple test.
- the method according to the invention accordingly starts at a much earlier point in time than the pregnancy test described in WO 98/55865, and with a completely different approach, namely that of the fertility test.
- the in vitro fertilization monitoring according to the invention it is also known exactly when the embryo is transferred, while this is unknown in pregnancy tests.
- the present invention can also be used to determine fertility in spontaneous cycles or in irregular cycles. It is preferable to go to the Fertilization mainly from the data from the normal cycle.
- test according to the invention or the kits according to the invention is to determine the degree of maturity of oocytes or sperm.
- the method according to the invention or the kit according to the invention can be used for the investigation of fertility and reproductive disorders and is particularly well suited for broad series tests and for the systematic examination of large groups of people.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to the therapeutic use of leptin to support fertility properties.
- leptin applied in the course of monitoring according to the invention of an in vitro fertilization program if the measured leptin amounts are not considered to be sufficient for a promising course of the program (for example if they are below the normal value by more than 10%, in particular more than 30%) for a successful course).
- the present invention also relates to the use of leptin for the preparation of an agent to improve fertility.
- An effective amount of leptin is administered to humans or animals (mammals) in order to increase the leptin content to the required values.
- this is not only possible with in vitro fertilizations, but also in the course of monitoring natural fertilizations and pregnancies.
- the sonographically controlled follicular puncture was performed transvaginally, followed by a microscopic examination for the presence of eggs in the aspirated follicular fluid. After the egg cells had been obtained, the individual follicular fluids were centrifuged and the supernatants kept at -196 ° C. for further determinations. For serum tests, the blood samples taken at the time of follicular puncture were centrifuged and the sera were also stored at -196 ° C. Leptin determination:
- Leptin concentrations were determined by radioimmunometry (Linco Research, St. Charles, MO, USA) using an antiserum without cross-reactions with human insulin, proinsulin, rat insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, pancreatic propeptide or somatostatin.
- the detection range is between 0.5 ng / ml and 100 ng / ml.
- Ostradiol was determined by radioimmunometry (Estradiol MAIA, Bio Chem Immuno Systems, Bologna, Italy). Follicular fluid was diluted 1: 100 with serum from postmenopausal women. The estradiol level of these sera was subtracted from the concentration in the follicular fluid.
- Progesterone was also determined by radioimmunometry (Orion Diagnostica, Espoo, Finland). Follicular fluid was diluted 1: 1000 with the serum mentioned above. Prolactin was determined radioimmunometrically using a RIA kit (Bio Chem Immuno Systems, Bologna, Italy). Follicular fluids were diluted 1: 5 with zero standard to have an almost identical matrix for samples and standards. Measurements of the ostradiol, progesterone and prolactin values were carried out in accordance with the instructions of the product manufacturers. FSH was determined by radioimmunometry in the serum on the day of the puncture (FSH Maioclon, Bio Chem Immuno Systems, Bologna, Italy).
- the amount of protein in the follicular fluid and in the serum was determined by the Lowry method (OH Lowry et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1951, 193, 265-275), with BSA of known concentration (1 mg / ml) as standard was used. All samples were diluted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and analyzed in the spectrophotometer. photometer (Beckman DU 62) measured at an excitation wavelength of 750 nm compared to the reference value.
- PBS phosphate-buffered saline
- the clinical data of the patients can be found in Table 1. Follicular fluids from follicles of different sizes in these patients were examined separately. Furthermore, it was considered whether an egg cell was present in the follicular fluid obtained.
- leptin occurs in human follicular fluid and is produced by granulosa cells in the ovary (JA Cioffi et al., Mol. Hum. Reprod. 1997, 3, 467-472). It is assumed that one of the leptins gets from the follicular fluid into the maturing oocyte and is stored there peripherally and polarized into the cytoplasm (M. Antczak et al., Mol. Hum. Reprod. 1997, 3, 1067-1086). Patients during controlled hormonal ovarian stimulation show a significant increase in serum leptin from day three to nine of the stimulation cycle, which remains constant until the time of ovulation triggering (T. Strowitzki et al., Gynecol.
- P- ⁇ P): P 1-t ⁇ ⁇ n P- * ⁇ 0: P J - ⁇ P- O P> o H, H. P- OSP ⁇ - P- ⁇ P. t!
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU77611/00A AU7761100A (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2000-09-25 | Method for determining the fertility of mammals, especially of humans |
JP2001525410A JP2003510572A (ja) | 1999-09-23 | 2000-09-25 | 哺乳動物の、特にヒトの受精能を測定する方法 |
EP00967411A EP1214601A2 (de) | 1999-09-23 | 2000-09-25 | Verfahren zur fertilitätsbestimmung von säugetieren, insbesondere von menschen |
CA002385264A CA2385264A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2000-09-25 | Method for determining the fertility of mammals, especially of humans |
US10/104,918 US20020137100A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2002-03-22 | Method for determining the fertility of mammals, especially of humans |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0162699A ATA162699A (de) | 1999-09-23 | 1999-09-23 | Verfahren zur fertilitätsbestimmung von säugetieren, insbesondere von menschen |
ATA1626/99 | 1999-09-23 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/104,918 Continuation US20020137100A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2002-03-22 | Method for determining the fertility of mammals, especially of humans |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001022091A2 true WO2001022091A2 (de) | 2001-03-29 |
WO2001022091A3 WO2001022091A3 (de) | 2001-10-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/AT2000/000256 WO2001022091A2 (de) | 1999-09-23 | 2000-09-25 | Verfahren zur fertilitätsbestimmung von säugetieren, insbesondere von menschen |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20020137100A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1214601A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003510572A (de) |
AT (1) | ATA162699A (de) |
AU (1) | AU7761100A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2385264A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001022091A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002050549A1 (de) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Vitateq Biotechnology Gmbh | Verfahren zur fertilitätsbestimmung von säugetieren, insbesondere von menschen |
AU2004210952B2 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2007-03-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods and systems for simultaneously fabricating multi-frequency MEMS devices |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2336779B1 (de) * | 2004-02-19 | 2013-07-31 | Yale University | Kit für die Identifizierung von Ovarial-Krebsprotein-Biomarkern unter Verwendung von Proteomtechniken |
US7320868B2 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2008-01-22 | Arieh Gertler | Leptin binding domain compositions and methods thereto |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996035787A1 (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1996-11-14 | Chiron Corporation | Nucleic acids for treating obesity |
WO1997041263A1 (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1997-11-06 | Progenitor, Inc. | Detection of the leptin receptor in reproductive organs and methods for regulating reproductive biology |
WO1998036769A1 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-08-27 | Eli Lilly And Company | Pulsatile delivery of leptin receptor ligands |
-
1999
- 1999-09-23 AT AT0162699A patent/ATA162699A/de not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2000
- 2000-09-25 JP JP2001525410A patent/JP2003510572A/ja active Pending
- 2000-09-25 WO PCT/AT2000/000256 patent/WO2001022091A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-09-25 AU AU77611/00A patent/AU7761100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-25 CA CA002385264A patent/CA2385264A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-25 EP EP00967411A patent/EP1214601A2/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-03-22 US US10/104,918 patent/US20020137100A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996035787A1 (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1996-11-14 | Chiron Corporation | Nucleic acids for treating obesity |
WO1997041263A1 (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1997-11-06 | Progenitor, Inc. | Detection of the leptin receptor in reproductive organs and methods for regulating reproductive biology |
WO1998036769A1 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-08-27 | Eli Lilly And Company | Pulsatile delivery of leptin receptor ligands |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
F. F. CHEHAB ET AL.: "Correction of the sterility defect in homozygous obese female mice by treatment with the human recombinant leptin" NATURE GENETICS, Bd. 12, Nr. 3, M{rz 1996 (1996-03), Seiten 318-320, XP002060725 NEW YORK, NY, US ISSN: 1061-4036 in der Anmeldung erw{hnt * |
F. F. CHEHAB ET AL.: "Early onset of reproductive function in normal female mice treated with leptin" SCIENCE, Bd. 275, 3. Januar 1997 (1997-01-03), Seiten 88-90, XP002060726 LANCASTER, PA US * |
H. MASUZAKI ET AL.: "Nonadipose tissue production of leptin: leptin as a novel placenta-derived hormone in humans" NATURE MEDICINE., Bd. 3, Nr. 9, September 1997 (1997-09), Seiten 1029-1033, XP002162851 NATURE PUBLISHING, CO., US ISSN: 1078-8956 * |
N. F. BUTTE ET AL.: "Leptin in human reproduction: serum Leptin levels in pregnant and lactating women" JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM, Bd. 89, Nr. 2, Februar 1997 (1997-02), Seiten 585-589, XP002910927 NEW YORK, NY, US ISSN: 0021-972X * |
P. R. BRZECHFFA ET AL.: "Serum immunoreactive Leptin concentrations in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome" JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM, Bd. 81, Nr. 11, November 1996 (1996-11), Seiten 4166-4169, XP002910933 NEW YORK, NY, US ISSN: 0021-972X * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002050549A1 (de) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Vitateq Biotechnology Gmbh | Verfahren zur fertilitätsbestimmung von säugetieren, insbesondere von menschen |
AU2004210952B2 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2007-03-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods and systems for simultaneously fabricating multi-frequency MEMS devices |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATA162699A (de) | 2002-08-15 |
EP1214601A2 (de) | 2002-06-19 |
US20020137100A1 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
WO2001022091A3 (de) | 2001-10-25 |
JP2003510572A (ja) | 2003-03-18 |
CA2385264A1 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
AU7761100A (en) | 2001-04-24 |
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