WO2001012644A1 - Dinucleoside 5',5'-tetraphosphates as inhibitors of viral reverse transcriptases and viruses - Google Patents

Dinucleoside 5',5'-tetraphosphates as inhibitors of viral reverse transcriptases and viruses Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001012644A1
WO2001012644A1 PCT/CA2000/000929 CA0000929W WO0112644A1 WO 2001012644 A1 WO2001012644 A1 WO 2001012644A1 CA 0000929 W CA0000929 W CA 0000929W WO 0112644 A1 WO0112644 A1 WO 0112644A1
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Prior art keywords
water
solution
cytosine
adenine
guanine
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PCT/CA2000/000929
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French (fr)
Inventor
Alexander Y. Skoblov
Arsen M. Murabuldayev
Lyubov S. Victorova
Ludmila A. Alexandrova
Elena A. Shirokova
Anatasiya L. Khandazhynskaya
Alexander A. Krayevsky
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Adani, Alexander
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Priority to AU65518/00A priority Critical patent/AU6551800A/en
Publication of WO2001012644A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001012644A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
    • C07H19/10—Pyrimidine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/16—Purine radicals
    • C07H19/20—Purine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the art of molecular biology and, more specifically, to novel dinucleoside 5 ' ,5 ' -tetraphosphate de ⁇ vatives which are selective inhibitors of the reproduction of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human hepatitis B virus (HBV) reproduction, specifically inhibit the action of retrovirus and hepadnavirus reverse transc ⁇ ptases m cells and cell-free systems, and prevent mtact cells from infection DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
  • HIV human immunodeficiency virus
  • X NH, CF 2 , CBr 2 , CC1 2 , CH 2 , CHF
  • X NH, CF 2 , CBr 2 , CC1 2 , CH 2 , CHF
  • the compounds I and IV bear four and compounds II-III and V-VI two chemical bonds at their tetraphosphate residues, which are sensitiv e to enzymatic hydrolysis. However, owing to the replacement of phosphates by a phosphonate or imidodiphosphate group, they are more stable than the corresponding tetraphosphates.
  • B adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine
  • B adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine, 5- 5-chlorouracil, 5-fluorouracil, 5- chlorouracil, 5-fluorouracil, 5- bromovinyluracile, and others; bromovinyluracil, and others;
  • Y H, F, Cl, Br and others
  • B adenine, guanme, uracil, cytosine
  • B adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine, thymine thymme
  • X H, F, Cl, Br and others
  • R H, N3, N02, SH, NH2, F, Cl, NCO,
  • R OH, Alky], Aryl, Arylalkyl, Alkyloxy, uracil,
  • Aryloxy, Arylalkyloxy and others, R OH, Alkyl, Aryl, Arylalkyl, Alkyloxy,
  • X H, F, Cl, Br and others, Aryloxy, Arylalkyloxy and others,
  • Y H, F, Cl, Br and others
  • X H, F, Cl, Br and others
  • Alkyl, Aryl, Arylalkyl, uracil; Alkyloxy, Aryloxy, Arylalkyloxy and R OH, Alkyl, Aryl, Arylalkyl, Alkoxy, others; Aryloxy, Arylalkyloxy and others;
  • Compounds I-VI inhibit the reproduction of the HIV and are less toxic than the prior art compounds. These compounds differ from compounds VI-XIV by the glycon structure.
  • Compounds I-II and IV-V are nucleotide derivatives bearing isosteric ribofuranose. whereas III and VI are cyclopentene derivatives.
  • the compounds according to the present invention are white amorphous powders, readily soluble in water, low soluble in ethanol and dimethylsulfoxide, insoluble in other organic solvents.
  • the pu ⁇ ty and structure of the compounds according to the present invention were confirmed by chromatography, mass-spectrometry, UV, and NMR-spectroscopy.
  • the tetradecanucleotide p ⁇ mer was labeled at the 5'-term ⁇ nus using [ ⁇ -32p]ATP (Radioizotop, Russia) andT4 polynucleotide kmase.
  • the DNA (0.5 ⁇ M) was hyb ⁇ dized with 0.75 ⁇ M [5'- 32 P]-labeled p ⁇ mer in the following buffers: 10 mM T ⁇ s-HCl (pH 8.2), 5 mM MgCl2, 40 mM KCl, and 1 mM dithiothreitoi (for reverse transc ⁇ ptases); 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 6 mM MgCb, and 0.4 mM dithiothreitoi (for DNA polymerase ⁇ , ⁇ ); 10 mM T ⁇ s-HCl (pH 8.5), 5 mM MgCh, and 1 mM dithiothreitoi (for DNA polymerase
  • the assay mixture (volume 6 ⁇ l) contained 0.01 ⁇ M template-p ⁇ mer (Scheme 1), compound under study or dTTP, enzyme
  • the assay mixture (volume 5 ⁇ l) contained
  • DNA synthesis inhibition assays of the compounds according to the present invention were earned out with the assay mixture (volume 6 ⁇ l) containing 0.02 ⁇ M template-p ⁇ mer, 20 ⁇ M dGTP and dCTP, 10 mM dATP (1 mCi of [ ⁇ - P]dATP), 3 ⁇ M dTTP, dATP, dGTP at different concentrations, enzyme, and the approp ⁇ ate buffer.
  • the compounds according to the present invention are dephosphorylated in human blood serum very slowly
  • the hydrolysis rate of the compounds according to the present invention was performed in human blood serum.
  • the assay mixture containing 2.5 ⁇ l of 10 mM solution of the compound of the invention and 47 5 ⁇ l of 100% fetal blood serum was incubated at 37°C for 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 mm, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12 h, 2, 4, 7, and 14 days, mixed with 50 ⁇ l of water and 230 ⁇ l of methanol, and cooled for 30 mm at -20 C.
  • the samples were cent ⁇ fuged for 10 mm at 12,000 rpm, and the supernatants were concentrated to 100 ml and analyzed by HPLC on a Nucleosil 120C 18 column (4 x 150 mm, 5 ⁇ ) with a linear gradient of methanol from 0 to 35% in 0.05 M buffer of potassium dihydrophosphate for 25 mm.
  • the flow rate was 0 5 ml/mm
  • the extent of hydrolysis was assessed by measu ⁇ ng the amount of the starting compound.
  • the half-lives of the compounds according to the present invention are 2000 times larger than those for AZTTP and natural substrates dTTP and dATP.
  • CDI 195 mg, 1.2 mmol
  • 3'-az ⁇ do-2',3'dideoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate, bis-(tnethylammonium) salt 410 mg, 1 mmol
  • DMF 3 ml
  • XV tetra-(triethylammon ⁇ um) salt 280 mg, 0.5 mmol
  • DMF 3 ml
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with 1 M triethylammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5 (100 ml) and purified on a DEAE-Toyopearl (HCO 3 ' ) column (35 x 3 cm), the product was eluted with ammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5, evaporated to dryness and then purified on a Lichroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The resulting solution was passed through a Dowex 50 x 4 (Na + ) column (3 1 cm) and freeze-dried to give 258 mg (62%) as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
  • CDI 195 mg, 1.2 mmol
  • XV tetra-(triethylammonium) salt 280 mg, 0.5 mmol
  • DMF 3 ml
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with 1 M tnethylammomum bicarbonate buffer, pH 7 5 (100 ml) and pu ⁇ fied on a DEAE-Toyopearl (HC0 3 ) column (35 x 3 cm), the product was eluted with ammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7 5. evaporated to dryness and then pu ⁇ fied on a Lichroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The resulting solution was passed through a Dowex 50 x 4 (Na + ) column (3 x 1 cm) and freeze-d ⁇ ed to give 198 mg, 54% as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with 1 M tnethylammomum bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5 (100 ml) and punfied on a DEAE-Toyopearl (HCO 3 " ) column (35 x 3 cm), the product was eluted with ammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5, evaporated to dryness and then pu ⁇ fied on a Lichroprep RP18 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water.
  • the resulting solution was passed through a Dowex 50 x 4 (Na + ) column (3 x 1 cm) and freeze-d ⁇ ed to give 205 mg, 58% as a white amorphous compound.
  • CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added m an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution of 1- (adenme-9-yl)-4-phosphonomethyleneoxy-2-cyclopentene (156 mg, 0 5 mmol) in 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C.
  • CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added in an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution of 1- (thymine- l-yl)-4-phosphonylmethyloxymethyl-2-cyclopentene (139 mg, 0.5 mmol) m 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C.
  • a solution of 0.25 M bis- (n-tnbutylammonium) salt XV (2.5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C.
  • the reaction was controlled by TLC in a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6: 1:3 v/v system (A).
  • CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added m an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution 4'- methylphosphonvl 4 '-noradenosme (156 mg, 0.5 mmol) m 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C A solution of 0.25 M b ⁇ s-(n-tnbutylammomum) salt XV (2 5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C The reaction was controlled by TLC in a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6.1 3 system (A) After the reaction was over.
  • CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added in an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution of 1- (aden ⁇ ne-9-yl)-4-phosphonylmethyloxy-2-cyclopentene (156 mg, 0.5 mmol) in 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C.
  • a solution of 0.25 M b ⁇ s-(n- t ⁇ butylammomum) salt XV (2.5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C
  • the reaction was controlled by TLC m a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6:1.3 v/v system (A).
  • the compounds according to the present invention selectively inhibit the reproduction of HTV, hepatitis B virus in cell cultures, specifically inhibit the action of retroviruse and hepadnaviruse reverse transc ⁇ ptases m cell-free solutions, prevent mtact cells from infection and can be useful m medicine, cell and molecular biology and virology
  • dmucleoside 5',5'- tetraphosphonate de ⁇ vatives selectively inhibit the reproduction of HTV, hepatitis B virus in cell cultures, specifically inhibit the action of retroviruse and hepadnaviruse reverse transc ⁇ ptases m cell-free solutions, prevent mtact cells from infection and can be useful m medicine, cell and molecular biology and virology
  • the following publications, patents and/or patent applications referred to herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference m its entirety:

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the art of molecular biology and, more specifically, to novel dinucleoside 5',5'-tetraphosphate derivatives which are selective inhibitors of the reproduction of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human hepatitis B virus (HBV) reproduction, specifically inhibit the action of retrovirus and hepadnavirus reverse transcriptases in cells and cell-free systems, and prevent intact cells from infection.

Description

DINUCLEOSIDE 5 ' , 5 ' -TETRAPHOSPHATES AS INHIBITORS OF VIRAL REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASES AND VIRUSES
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the art of molecular biology and, more specifically, to novel dinucleoside 5',5 '-tetraphosphate deπvatives which are selective inhibitors of the reproduction of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human hepatitis B virus (HBV) reproduction, specifically inhibit the action of retrovirus and hepadnavirus reverse transcπptases m cells and cell-free systems, and prevent mtact cells from infection DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Known in the art are vaπous compounds inhibiting the reproduction of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Figure imgf000002_0001
I, B = Adenine. Guanine. Cytosine, Thymme, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B ' and B diffeπng from B\ B' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine. Thymme, 5-substituted Uracyl R = H, N3, F, NO2, NHMe. NMe2, X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CC12, CH2, CHF
Figure imgf000003_0001
II, B = Adenine, Guanme, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B differing from B'; B' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymme, 5-substituted Uracyl; X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CC12, CH2, CHF
Figure imgf000003_0002
III, D- and L-seπes, B = Adenine, Guanme, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B diffeπng from B\ B' = Adenine. Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, X=NH, CF2, CBr„ CC1:, CH2, CHF
Figure imgf000003_0003
-?- IV, B = Adenine, Guamne, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B differing from B'; B' = Ademne, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5 -substituted Uracyl R = H, N3, F, NO,, NHMe, NMe2, X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CC12, CH2, CHF
Figure imgf000004_0001
V, B = Adenine, Guanine. Cytosine. Thymme, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B diffeπng from B'; B' = Adenine, Guanine. Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl; X=NH, CF„ CBr2, CC12, CH2, CHF
Figure imgf000004_0002
VI, D- and L-seπes, B = Adenine. Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B diffeπng from B ', B ' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl; X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CC12, CH2, CHF The compounds I and IV bear four and compounds II-III and V-VI two chemical bonds at their tetraphosphate residues, which are sensitiv e to enzymatic hydrolysis. However, owing to the replacement of phosphates by a phosphonate or imidodiphosphate group, they are more stable than the corresponding tetraphosphates.
The nearest prototypes of I- VI are compounds of the structures VII-X [1].
Figure imgf000005_0001
VII VIII
B = adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine, B = adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine, 5- 5-chlorouracil, 5-fluorouracil, 5- chlorouracil, 5-fluorouracil, 5- bromovinyluracile, and others; bromovinyluracil, and others; R= H, N3, X = H, F, Cl, Br and others NO2, SH, NH2, F, Cl, NCO, NCS, SCN; X Y = H, F, Cl, Br and others = H, F, Cl, Br and others; Y = H, F, Cl, Br and others
Figure imgf000005_0002
IX X 01/12644
B = adenine, guanme, uracil, cytosine, B = adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine, thymine thymme,
X = H, F, Cl, Br and others R= H, N3, N02, SH, NH2, F, Cl, NCO,
Y = H, F, Cl, Br and others NCS, SCN, X = H, F, Cl, Br and others
Y = H, F. Cl, Br and others
They effectively inhibit DNA synthesis catalyzed by HIV and avian myeloblastoses virus reverse transcπptases as well as HIV reproduction in cell cultures. However, they were rather hydrophilic due to the presence of an unsubstituted b,g-dιphosphonate group in the g- position
Another group of compounds included compounds XI-XIV [2]
Figure imgf000006_0001
XI XII B = adenine. guanine. uracil, cytosine B = adenine, guanine. cytosine, thymine,
R=OH, Alky], Aryl, Arylalkyl, Alkyloxy, uracil,
Aryloxy, Arylalkyloxy and others, R=OH, Alkyl, Aryl, Arylalkyl, Alkyloxy,
X = H, F, Cl, Br and others, Aryloxy, Arylalkyloxy and others,
Y = H, F, Cl, Br and others X = H, F, Cl, Br and others,
Y = H, F, Cl, Br and others R'=OH, H, N3, NO2, SH, NH2, F
Figure imgf000007_0001
XIII XIV
B = adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine B = adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, R=OH. Alkyl, Aryl, Arylalkyl, uracil; Alkyloxy, Aryloxy, Arylalkyloxy and R=OH, Alkyl, Aryl, Arylalkyl, Alkoxy, others; Aryloxy, Arylalkyloxy and others;
R'OH, H, N3, NO2, SH, NH2, F
Compounds XI-XIV also inhibit HIV and avian myeloblastosis reverse transcriptases as well as the HIV reproduction in cell cultures, but their synthesis is multistepped and difficult.
Compounds I-VI inhibit the reproduction of the HIV and are less toxic than the prior art compounds. These compounds differ from compounds VI-XIV by the glycon structure. Compounds I-II and IV-V are nucleotide derivatives bearing isosteric ribofuranose. whereas III and VI are cyclopentene derivatives. With the aim to increase a set of inhibitors of viral reverse transcriptases and HIV reproduction, we developed a route of synthesis of new groups of modified isosteric dinucleoside tetraphosphonates differing from the compounds of types VII-XIV by the glycon structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The compounds according to the present invention are white amorphous powders, readily soluble in water, low soluble in ethanol and dimethylsulfoxide, insoluble in other organic solvents. The puπty and structure of the compounds according to the present invention were confirmed by chromatography, mass-spectrometry, UV, and NMR-spectroscopy.
These compounds selectively inhibit the DNA synthesis catalyzed by HIV reverse transcriptase [E.K.2.7.7.49] and are not recognized by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase from calf thymus [E.K. 2.7.7.31] and DNA polymerases α, β and ε from human placenta. As a template for DNA polymerases α, β and ε use was made of M13/wpl0 DNA isolated from the culture medium of the recipient E. coh K12XL1 strain. The tetradecanucleotide pπmer was labeled at the 5'-termιnus using [γ-32p]ATP (Radioizotop, Russia) andT4 polynucleotide kmase. The DNA (0.5 μM) was hybπdized with 0.75 μM [5'- 32P]-labeled pπmer in the following buffers: 10 mM Tπs-HCl (pH 8.2), 5 mM MgCl2, 40 mM KCl, and 1 mM dithiothreitoi (for reverse transcπptases); 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 6 mM MgCb, and 0.4 mM dithiothreitoi (for DNA polymerase α, ε); 10 mM Tπs-HCl (pH 8.5), 5 mM MgCh, and 1 mM dithiothreitoi (for DNA polymerase β).
Scheme 1 THE STRUCTURE OF TEMPLATE-PRIMER COMPLEX
10 20 3 0 40 50
3'. GGGTCAGTGCTGCAACATTTTGCTGCCGGTCACGGTTCGAACCCGACGTC '.r32p]. CCCAGTCACGACGT > direction of elongation
For the template-dependent DNA polymerases, the assay mixture (volume 6 μl) contained 0.01 μM template-pπmer (Scheme 1), compound under study or dTTP, enzyme
(2 activity units of reverse transcπptases or 1 unit of DNA polymerases α and β), and the corresponding buffer. The reaction was earned out for 20 mm at 37°C and terminated by adding 3 μl of deiomzed formamide containing 0 5 mM EDTA and 2% bromophenol blue and xylene cyanol. The reaction products were separated by electrophoresis in 20% PAAG, and the gels obtained were radioautographed.
For terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, the assay mixture (volume 5 μl) contained
0 1 μM [5'-32p]-iabeled tetradecanucleotide pπmer (Scheme 1), compound under study, 2 units of the enzyme, 100 mM sodium cacodylate (pH 7.2), lO mMMgCb^, I mMCaCb, and
1 mM dithiothreitoi.
DNA synthesis inhibition assays of the compounds according to the present invention were earned out with the assay mixture (volume 6 μl) containing 0.02 μM template-pπmer, 20 μM dGTP and dCTP, 10 mM dATP (1 mCi of [α- P]dATP), 3 μM dTTP, dATP, dGTP at different concentrations, enzyme, and the appropπate buffer.
The compounds according to the present invention are dephosphorylated in human blood serum very slowly
The hydrolysis rate of the compounds according to the present invention was performed in human blood serum. The assay mixture containing 2.5 μl of 10 mM solution of the compound of the invention and 47 5 μl of 100% fetal blood serum was incubated at 37°C for 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 mm, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12 h, 2, 4, 7, and 14 days, mixed with 50 μl of water and 230 μl of methanol, and cooled for 30 mm at -20 C. The samples were centπfuged for 10 mm at 12,000 rpm, and the supernatants were concentrated to 100 ml and analyzed by HPLC on a Nucleosil 120C 18 column (4 x 150 mm, 5 μ) with a linear gradient of methanol from 0 to 35% in 0.05 M buffer of potassium dihydrophosphate for 25 mm. The flow rate was 0 5 ml/mm The extent of hydrolysis was assessed by measuπng the amount of the starting compound.
The structure of compounds under testing is shown in Table 1 and the results of the tests are shown in Tables 2-4 herembelow As the control, use was made of AZTTP, ddTTP, ddATP, dATP, or Dttp TABLE 1. STRUCTURE OF COMPOUNDS UNDER TESTING
Figure imgf000010_0001
TABLE 2. MOLAR CONCENTRATION RATIOS OF THE COMPOUNDS OF THE INVENTION
AND THE CORRESPONDING NATURAL 2'-DEOXYNUCLEOSIDE 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE
INHIBITING DNA SYNTHESIS CATALYZED BY DNA POLYMERASES BY 50%
Figure imgf000010_0002
* TdT -terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase RT - reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus **AZTTP - 3'-azιdo-2',3'-dιdeoxythymidine 5'-tπphosphate
The data in Table 2 demonstrate that all the compounds according to the present invention reveal potent inhibitory properties towards DNA synthesis catalyzed by reverse transcriptase of HTV and do not affect DNA synthesis catalyzed by human DNA polymerases at the concentration 10-100 times higher. Thus, the specificity of the compounds according to the present invention towards HIV reverse transcriptase is more clearly pronounced than in the case of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate.
TABLE 3. CONCENTRATIONS OF THE COMPOUNDS OF THE INVENTION INHIBITING THE
HIV REPRODUCTION
Figure imgf000011_0001
AZT - 3'-azido-2\3'-dideoxythymidine The data presented in Table 3 demonstrate that antiviral activity of the compounds according to the present invention is comparable to that of 3 '-azido-2',3 '-dideoxythymidine (AZT).
TABLE 4. HALF-LIVES (Tv ) IN HUMAN SERUM AND REVERSE-PHASE H LC RETENTION TIMES FOR THE COMPOUNDS OF THE INVENTION
Figure imgf000012_0001
"AZTTP - 3 '-azido-2',3 '-dideoxythymidine 5'-tπphosphate
As seen in Table 4, in all the cases the half-lives of the compounds according to the present invention are 2000 times larger than those for AZTTP and natural substrates dTTP and dATP.
The compounds according to the present invention are prepared by several approaches. Compounds I (B=Ade, Thy) were synthesized according to Scheme 2.
Scheme 2
Figure imgf000013_0001
B=Ade (la) and Thy (lb)
Where CDI OH)2
Figure imgf000013_0002
Compounds Ila-b were synthesized in the similar fashion starting from 2 ',3 '-dideoxy-2',3 '- didehydronucleosides (Scheme 3). The reaction products were isolated and purified. The product yields were within the range from 25 to 55%.
Scheme 3.
Figure imgf000013_0003
B=Ade (Ila) and Thy (lib)
Compounds Hla-b were synthesized in the similar manner starting from l-(guanine-9-yl) or l-(adenine-9-yl)-4-phosphonomethyleneoxy-2-cyclopentene (Scheme 4). Scheme 4.
Figure imgf000014_0001
B=Gua (Ilia) and Ade (Illb)
Compounds IVa,c were synthesized in the similar fashion starting from 2',3'-dideoxy-3' azido-5 '-norhydroxymethyl 5'-phosphonomethyleneoxynucleosides (Scheme 5).
Scheme 5.
Figure imgf000014_0002
B=Thy, X=CF, (IVa), Ade, CF, (IVb), Thy, X=NH (IVc) and Ade, NH (IVd)
O O
I! II d. XVI = (HO)2PNHP(OH)2 (Et3N)4
Compounds Va-d were synthesized in the similar manner starting from 2 ',3 '-dideoxy-2 ',3 ' didehydro-5'-norhydroxymethyl 5 '-phosphonomethyleneoxynucleosides (Scheme 6). Scheme 6.
Figure imgf000015_0001
B=Thy, X=CF, (Va), Ade, CF2 (Vb), Thy, X=NH (Vc) and Ade, NH (Vd)
Compounds Vla-d were synthesized in the similar manner starting from l-(guanme-9-yl) or l-(adenme-9-yl)-4-phosphonomethyleneoxy-2-cyclopentene (Scheme 7).
Scheme 7
Figure imgf000015_0002
B=Ade, X=CF, (Via), Gua, CF, (VIb), Ade, X=NH (Vie) and Gua, NH (VId)
For a better understanding of the present invention some specific examples illustrating the preparation of the compounds of the present invention are given hereinbelow
TABLE 5 'H-NMR Spectra (D,Q. δ. ppm. J. Hz)
CO cσ
CO
CO
73
CD
Figure imgf000016_0001
TABLE 6. 3 1 -NMR Spectra (D2O, δ, ppm, J, Hz), Mass VISION 2000 (MALDI), FAB-mass and UV-spectrum (water), pH 7
GO c cσ co
co
:r rn O m
TO m r
Figure imgf000017_0001
EXAMPLES for I. Synthesis of la.
CDI (195 mg, 1.2 mmol) was added to a solution of 3'-azιdo-2',3'dideoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate, bis-(tnethylammonium) salt (410 mg, 1 mmol) in DMF (3 ml), after 1-hour stirring at 20°C the solution of XV tetra-(triethylammonιum) salt (280 mg, 0.5 mmol) in DMF (3 ml) was added and the resulting solution was stirred for 24 hours at 20°C. The reaction mixture was diluted with 1 M triethylammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5 (100 ml) and purified on a DEAE-Toyopearl (HCO3 ') column (35 x 3 cm), the product was eluted with ammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5, evaporated to dryness and then purified on a Lichroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The resulting solution was passed through a Dowex 50 x 4 (Na+) column (3 1 cm) and freeze-dried to give 258 mg (62%) as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
Synthesis of lb CDI (195 mg,1.2 mmol) was added to a solution of 3 '-azido-2',3 'dideoxythymidine
5 '-phosphate, bis-(tnethylammonium) salt (400 mg, 1 mmol) in DMF (3 ml), after 1-hour stirring at 20°C the solution of XV tetra-(triethylammonium) salt) (280 mg, 0.5 mmol) in DMF (3 ml) was added and the resulting solution was stirred for 24 hours at 20°C. The reaction mixture was diluted with 1 M triethylammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5 (100 ml) and puπfied on a DEAE-Toyopearl (HC03 ") column (35 x 3 cm), the product was eluted with ammonium bicarbonate buffer. pH 7.5, evaporated to dryness and then puπfied on a Lichroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) in water. The resulting solution was passed through a Dowex 50 x 4 (Na+) column (3 x 1 cm) and freeze-dπed to give 326 mg (68%) as a white amorphous compound. Physico-chemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
EXAMPLES for II. Synthesis of Ha
CDI (195 mg, 1.2 mmol) was added to 2 ',3 '-dideoxy-2', 3'-didehydroadenosιne 5'- phosphate, bis-(triethylammonium) (367 mg, 1 mmol) in DMF (3 ml), after 1-hour stirring at 20°C the solution of XV tetra-(triethylammonium) salt (280 mg, 0.5 mmol) in DMF (3 ml) was added and the resulting solution was stirred for 24 hours at 20°C. The reaction mixture was diluted with 1 M tnethylammomum bicarbonate buffer, pH 7 5 (100 ml) and puπfied on a DEAE-Toyopearl (HC03 ) column (35 x 3 cm), the product was eluted with ammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7 5. evaporated to dryness and then puπfied on a Lichroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The resulting solution was passed through a Dowex 50 x 4 (Na+) column (3 x 1 cm) and freeze-dπed to give 198 mg, 54% as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
Synthesis of lib CDI (195 mg,1.2 mmol) was added to a solution of 2 ',3 '-dideoxy-2 ',3'- didehydrothymidme 5 '-phosphate, bιs-(triethylammonium) (358 mg, 1 mmol) in DMF (3 ml), after 1-hour stirπng at 20°C the solution of XV tetra-(tπethylammonιum) salt (280 mg, 0.5 mmol) in DMF (3 ml) was added and the resulting solution was stirred for 24 hours at 20°C. The reaction mixture was diluted with 1 M tnethylammomum bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5 (100 ml) and punfied on a DEAE-Toyopearl (HCO3 ") column (35 x 3 cm), the product was eluted with ammonium bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.5, evaporated to dryness and then puπfied on a Lichroprep RP18 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The resulting solution was passed through a Dowex 50 x 4 (Na+) column (3 x 1 cm) and freeze-dπed to give 205 mg, 58% as a white amorphous compound. Physico-chemical data are shown in Tables 5-6
EXAMPLES for HI Synthesis of Ilia
CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added m an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution of 1- (adenme-9-yl)-4-phosphonomethyleneoxy-2-cyclopentene (156 mg, 0 5 mmol) in 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C. A solution of 0.25 M bιs-(n- tπbutylammomum) salt XV (2 5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C The reaction was controlled by TLC in a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6 1 3 v/v system (A) After the reaction was over, 200 ml of water were added and the solution was put onto a DEAE Toyopearl (HCO3") column (20 x 2.5 cm) and punfied with a linear gradient of ammonium bicarbonate (0 — > 0.4 M). The total volume of the eluent was 600 ml. The fractions containing the desired product were evaporated, re- evaporated with water (3 x 10 ml) and ethanol (1 x 5 ml). The residue was dissolved m 1 ml of water and the solution was put onto a LiChroprep RP 18 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The fractions containing the target product were freeze-dned to give 143 mg (62%) as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown m Tables 5-6.
Synthesis of Hlb
CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added in an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution of 1- (thymine- l-yl)-4-phosphonylmethyloxymethyl-2-cyclopentene (139 mg, 0.5 mmol) m 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C. A solution of 0.25 M bis- (n-tnbutylammonium) salt XV (2.5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C. The reaction was controlled by TLC in a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6: 1:3 v/v system (A). After the reaction was over, 200 ml of water were added and the solution was put onto a DEAE Toyopearl (HCO3") column (20 x 2.5 cm) and punfied with a linear gradient of ammonium bicarbonate (0 — > 0.4 M). The total volume of the eluent was 600 ml. The fractions containing the desired product were evaporated, re- evaporated with water (3 x 10 ml) and ethanol (1 x 5 ml). The residue was dissolved in 1 ml of water and the solution was put onto a LiChroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The fractions containing the target product were freeze-dned to give 151 mg, 71% as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown m Tables 5-6
EXAMPLE for IV Synthesis of IVa
CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added m an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution 4'- methylphosphonvl 4 '-noradenosme (156 mg, 0.5 mmol) m 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C A solution of 0.25 M bιs-(n-tnbutylammomum) salt XV (2 5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C The reaction was controlled by TLC in a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6.1 3
Figure imgf000020_0001
system (A) After the reaction was over. 200 ml of water were added and the solution was put onto a DEAE Toyopearl (HCO3") column (20 x 2.5 cm) and punfied with a linear gradient of ammonium bicarbonate (0 --> 0.4 M). The total volume of the eluent was 600 ml. The fractions containing the desired product were evaporated, re-evaporated with water (3 x 10 ml) and ethanol (1 x 5 ml). The residue was dissolved in 1 ml of water and the solution was put onto a LiChroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The fractions containing the target product were freeze-dπed to give 130 mg, 52% as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
Synthesis of IVb CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added in an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution 4'- methylphosphonyl 4 '-northymidine ( 100 mg, 0.136 mmol) in 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C. A solution of 0.25 M bis-(n-tπbutylammonιum) salt XV (2.5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C. The reaction was controlled by TLC in a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6:1:3 v/v system (A). After the reaction was over, 200 ml of water were added and the solution was put onto a DEAE Toyopearl (HCO3") column (20 x 2.5 cm) and punfied with a linear gradient of ammonium bicarbonate (0 --> 0.4 M). The total volume of the eluent was 600 ml. The fractions containing the desired product were evaporated, re-evaporated with water (3 x 10 ml) and ethanol (1 5 ml). The residue was dissolved in 1 ml of water and the solution was put onto a LiChroprep RP18 column (20 x 1 5 cm) eluting with water. The fractions containing the target product were freeze-dπed to give 130 mg, 52% as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
EXAMPLES for V Synthesis of Vc To a solution 4'-methylphosphonate 4 '-noradenosme (156 mg, 0.5 mmol) in 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C. A solution of 0.25 M bis-(n- tπbutylammonium) salt XV (2.5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C The reaction was controlled by TLC in a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-w ater 6: 1 3 v/v system (A). After the reaction was over, 200 ml of water were added and the solution was put onto a DEAE Toyopearl (HCO3") column (20 x 2.5 cm) and purified with a linear gradient of ammonium bicarbonate (0 -> 0.4 M). The total volume of the eluent was 600 ml. The fractions containing the desired product were evaporated, re- evaporated with water (3 x 10 ml) and ethanol (1 x 5 ml). The residue was dissolved m 1 ml of water and the solution was put onto a LiChroprep RP 18 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The fractions containing the target product were freeze-dried to give 130 mg, 52% as a white amorphous compound. Physico-chemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
Synthesis of Vd To a solution 4'-methylphosphonate 4'-northymidιne (148 mg, 0.5 mmol) in 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C. A solution of 0.25 M bis-(n- tπbutylammonium) salt XV (2.5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C. The reaction was controlled by TLC in a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6:1:3 v/v system (A). After the reaction was over, 200 ml of water were added and the solution was put onto a DEAE Toyopearl (HCO3") column (20 x 2.5 cm) and puπfied with a linear gradient of ammonium bicarbonate (0 --> 0.4 M). The total volume of the eluent was 600 ml. The fractions containing the desired product were evaporated, re- evaporated with water (3 x 10 ml) and ethanol (1 x 5 ml). The residue was dissolved in 1 ml of water and the solution was put onto a LiChroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The fractions containing the target product were freeze-dned to give 156 mg, 72% as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown Tables 5-6
EXAMPLES for VI. Synthesis of Vic
CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added in an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution of 1- (adenιne-9-yl)-4-phosphonylmethyloxy-2-cyclopentene (156 mg, 0.5 mmol) in 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C. A solution of 0.25 M bιs-(n- tπbutylammomum) salt XV (2.5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C The reaction was controlled by TLC m a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6:1.3 v/v system (A). After the reaction was over, 200 ml of water were added and the solution was put onto a DEAE Toyopearl (HCO3") column (20 x 2.5 cm) and punfied with a linear gradient of ammonium bicarbonate (0 — > 0.4 M). The total volume of the eluent was 600 ml. The fractions containing the desired product were evaporated, re- evaporated with water (3 x 10 ml) and ethanol (1 x 5 ml). The residue was dissolved in 1 ml of water and the solution was put onto a LiChroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) elutmg with water. The fractions containing the target product were freeze-dned to give 143 mg, 62% as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown m Tables 5-6.
Synthesis of Vld CDI (162 mg, 1 mmol) was added in an inert gaseous atmosphere to a solution of 1-
(thymme-l)-4-phosphonylmethyloxy-2-cyclopentene (141 mg, 0.5 mmol) in 5 ml of absolute DMF and the mixture was stirred for 12 h at the 20°C A solution of 0.25 M bιs-(n- tnbutylammomum) salt XV (2.5 ml) in DMF was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 37° C. The reaction was controlled by TLC m a dioxane-aqueous ammonia-water 6:1:3 v/v system (A). After the reaction was over, 200 ml of water were added and the solution was put onto a DEAE Toyopearl (HCO3") column (20 x 2.5 cm) and puπfied with a linear gradient of ammonium bicarbonate (0 — > 0.4 M). The total volume of the eluent was 600 ml. The fractions containing the desired product were evaporated, re- evaporated with water (3 x 10 ml) and ethanol (1 x 5 ml). The residue was dissolved in 1 ml of water and the solution was put onto a LiChroprep RPl 8 column (20 x 1.5 cm) eluting with water. The fractions containing the target product were freeze-dπed to give 143 mg, 62% as a white amorphous compound. Physicochemical data are shown in Tables 5-6.
Industrial Applicability The compounds according to the present invention, viz. dmucleoside 5',5'- tetraphosphonate deπvatives selectively inhibit the reproduction of HTV, hepatitis B virus in cell cultures, specifically inhibit the action of retroviruse and hepadnaviruse reverse transcπptases m cell-free solutions, prevent mtact cells from infection and can be useful m medicine, cell and molecular biology and virology The following publications, patents and/or patent applications referred to herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference m its entirety:
1. Dyatkina N.B., Arzumanov A.A., Shirokova E. A., Jasko M. V. Alexandrova L. A., VictorovaL.S., GorjunovaL.Ye., BealeashvilliR.Sh., Krayevsky A.A., Modified nucleoside 5'-triphospates as inhibitors and substrates of DNA polymerases and antiviral agents, priority of 1996 in Russia and 1997 in USA.
2. Scoblov A.Ju., Shirokova E.A., Victorova L.A., Krayevsky A.A., Gorjunova L. Ye., Beabeaiashvilli R.Sh., Isosteπc nucleoside 5 '-tπphosphonates with modifications at sugar and triphosphate residues as inhibitors of reproduction of viral reverse transcriptases and viruses, (under preparation).

Claims

What is claimed is:
Any of the following compounds:
Figure imgf000025_0001
wherein:
B = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B different of B'; B' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl ; R = H, N3, F, N02, NHMe, NMe2, X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CCL, CH2, CHF ; or
Figure imgf000025_0002
II wherein:
B = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B different of B'; B' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl; X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CC12, CH2, CHF; or
Figure imgf000026_0001
IΪI
D- and L-series
wherein:
B = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B different of B'; B' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl; X=NH, CF„ CBr7, CCL, CH2, CHF; or
Figure imgf000026_0002
IV wherein:
B = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5 -substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B different of B'; B' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted uracyl R = H, N3, F, N02, NHMe, NMe2, X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CC12, CH2, CHF; or
Figure imgf000027_0001
wherein:
B = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B different of B'; B' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl; X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CCL, CH2, CHF; or
Figure imgf000027_0002
YI
D- and L-series wherein:
B = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl, B=B' and B different of B '; B ' = Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, 5-substituted Uracyl; X=NH, CF2, CBr2, CCL, CH2, CHF.
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