WO2001001055A1 - Dryer with centrifugal effect for loose products and drying method - Google Patents

Dryer with centrifugal effect for loose products and drying method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001001055A1
WO2001001055A1 PCT/FR2000/001708 FR0001708W WO0101055A1 WO 2001001055 A1 WO2001001055 A1 WO 2001001055A1 FR 0001708 W FR0001708 W FR 0001708W WO 0101055 A1 WO0101055 A1 WO 0101055A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
products
wringer
opening
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2000/001708
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Le Lez
Original Assignee
Freeze Agro Ingenierie
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Freeze Agro Ingenierie filed Critical Freeze Agro Ingenierie
Publication of WO2001001055A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001001055A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by centrifugal treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a centrifugal effect wringer for bulk products, as well as to a wringing process using this wringer.
  • Such a wringer can be used for wringing food products, in particular hardwoods, such as aromatic herbs.
  • Document WO-A-94/18513 describes in the name of the present applicant a wringer of this kind.
  • the main characteristic of this wringer is that it has a rotary drum with a horizontal axis substantially in the form of a truncated cone open at its two ends, the opening of smaller diameter allowing the introduction of the products to be wrung while the opening of more large diameter allows the exit.
  • the drum has a series of holes for the passage of the liquid, opposite which is mounted a cover for receiving and discharging the liquid extracted from the mass of product.
  • the smaller diameter opening of the drum communicates with a supply channel into which product supply means penetrate.
  • the means for guiding the rotating drum are located exclusively outside the drum, at each of its ends. Such a wringer generally gives satisfaction. However, it can still be improved, in particular on the points which will be detailed below.
  • the wringer of the aforementioned document comprises a drum shaped into three essential parts, namely an upstream part formed from a solid sheet, an openwork intermediate part ensuring the wringing of food products, and a third part, of more flared shape than the rest of the drum, also formed of a solid sheet.
  • the third part of the drum has a more flared shape than the rest of the drum.
  • This shape contributes to causing radial projections of the products when it is desired to discharge them from the wringer.
  • this particular shape makes it difficult to put in place a protective casing which would come just below this third part, to prevent an operator from pinching their fingers at this level, in an area where they are located.
  • moving parts namely guide rollers for the rotating drum.
  • the present invention adjustment for the purpose of providing a wringer and a wringing method which overcome these drawbacks.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a wringer of the kind described above.
  • the feed channel opens into the central opening of a planar annular wall disposed radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the drum and fixed to the small base of the drum, said series of holes extending over the entire surface of the wall of the drum, including in its end portion adjacent to this small base.
  • the central opening of said annular wall has a diameter much smaller than that of a small base.
  • this small base has a diameter at least twice that of the central opening of the annular wall. Furthermore, according to other advantageous but non-limiting characteristics of this wringer: - the large base is devoid of a more flared profile outlet neck than the rest of the drum;
  • the feeding means consist of at least one endless conveyor belt; - Said conveyor extends exclusively inside said channel, without opening inside said rotary drum;
  • It comprises means for blowing air through the perforated wall of the drum, from the outside to the inside thereof.
  • this relates to a process for wringing bulk products by centrifugal effect using a wringer as presented above, this process comprising a first step of loading the products, a second spinning step and a third unloading step.
  • This process is essentially characterized by the fact that air is blown in the direction of the drum throughout the duration of the spinning step.
  • the conveyor belt speed is increased.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view, partially in section, of a wringer according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing, seen on the left, the wringer of Figure 1, on a slightly different scale;
  • - Figure 3 is a simplified partial view in longitudinal section of the wringer drum, intended to show the shape of its downstream part, as well as some of its means for guiding in rotation;
  • - Figures 4 and 5 are views, also in longitudinal section, of the drum and its feed channel, intended to show the influence of the speed of a conveyor for bringing endless belt products to their point impact in the drum;
  • - Figure 6 is a diagram showing two operating cycles of the wringer of Figure 1.
  • reference numbers identical to those used in WO-A-94/18513 provided that the elements designated by these references are found in the wringer according to the present invention.
  • upstream and downstream refer to the path of the products to be wrung, from the front to the rear of the wringer of FIG. 1.
  • the wringer according to the invention shown in the accompanying drawings rests on a metal frame 1 comprising support feet 10 on the ground.
  • This frame assumes, in top view, the shape of an elongated rectangle whose long sides extend parallel to the axis of rotation XX 'of the drum 2 of the wringer.
  • a motor 4 preferably electric, with adjustable speed and advantageously with two directions of rotation.
  • the rotary output shaft 41 of this motor is turned towards the front of the wringer and a grooved pulley 42 is wedged there.
  • This pulley cooperates with a belt 40 with vertical strands.
  • a second pulley 120 provided annular, and surrounding a cylindrical channel 20 communicating with the drum 2 of the wringer, also cooperates with the belt.
  • the drum 2 constitutes the main element of the wringer. It is metallic, with a horizontal axis of rotation XX ′ and has the general shape of a hollowed truncated cone, open at its two ends 210 and 230. Its opening of smaller diameter 210, or small base, is turned towards the front of the wringer.
  • a planar annular wall 26 disposed radially is fixed there.
  • This annular wall 260 is referenced 260 by which it communicates with the cylindrical channel 20 described above.
  • the opposite opening 230 of the wringer which has a larger diameter, and called for convenience large base, overhangs the ground on which the apparatus is mounted.
  • the drum is guided in rotation, on the one hand, by a bearing system forming a crown, not shown, which is arranged all around the central part of the cylinder 20, between the drum 2 and the belt 40.
  • the drum 2 is strictly conical, which means that it has a regular conicity, without abrupt change in section from upstream to downstream, nor part more flared than the rest of the truncated cone.
  • the central opening 260 of the abovementioned annular wall has a diameter O ⁇ significantly smaller than that D 2 of the small base 210.
  • This small base preferably has a diameter at least twice that of said central opening .
  • the holes in the wall 22 of the drum extend over its entire surface, including in its end portion close to the small base 210.
  • the drum is provided on the side of its external face, with an annular ring 221, respectively 221 ′, with an arcuate profile in the manner of a trim edge. Their concave faces face each other.
  • the crown 221 is located in the extension of the small base 210 of the drum. In a particular embodiment, this crown could be in one piece with the planar annular wall 26.
  • the wringer also comprises a cover 3 for protection and recovery / evacuation of the liquids extracted from the products. It is for example made of metal such as stainless steel.
  • This cover takes the form of a frustoconical barrel 30 with, at its lower part, a liquid evacuation duct 34.
  • this cover is provided so that it is slightly wider than the annular rings 221 and 221 'at their peripheral edge. Thus, these rings constitute a practically sealed barrier between the inside of the cover and the outside.
  • At least one ramp R capable of delivering air jets AC towards the drum, from the outside towards the inside of the latter.
  • Two ramps of this type are shown in Figure 2, but it is obvious that the wringer could have a higher number.
  • the wringer is equipped with means for supplying products to be treated. As shown in the figures, these means consist of a conveyor 7 with an endless belt, which is arranged horizontally and longitudinally inside the wringing channel 20. These means are of known type.
  • this conveyor extends exclusively inside the channel, without opening out inside the rotary drum 2. Thus, any risk of pollution or contamination between the channel 20 and the drum is avoided. 2.
  • This conveyor is provided in such a way that the conveyor speed can be adjusted as required.
  • This cycle corresponds for example to the treatment of leafy products such as parsley.
  • a first step we start by starting the motor 4, which drives by means of the belt 40, the drum 2 in rotation about its axis XX '.
  • the conveyor 7 is also started up at an initial speed of movement of the belt if. This corresponds to phase Ai of cycle A of FIG. 6, the speed of the drum at the end of this phase being of the order of 50 revolutions per minute.
  • phase A 2 carried out at constant speed the products are loaded inside the drum via the feed channel 20.
  • the rotation speed of the drum is gradually increased until it reaches a speed of approximately 220 revolutions per minute.
  • the centrifugal force which is a function of the square of the radius of the drum, contributes to press the products P against the wall of this drum.
  • the whole of it being perforated, the products are in no way slowed down or attacked but directly pressed down and wrung out.
  • This plating will be all the more efficient as the difference in diameter between the feed channel 20 and the small base of the drum will be large.
  • the air blowing means AC are started up by the ramps R so as to force the products P pressed against the wall of the drum to roll on themselves and to come off, so to expose their entire surface to the spin process.
  • phase A 5 of the curve in FIG. 6 The speed of the drum is reduced until reaching a value lower than that used for loading. This speed is for example of the order of 25 revolutions per minute (phase A 6 of the curve).
  • FIG. 6 shows new segments A 2 to A 5 identical to the previous ones.
  • the loading period corresponding to phases Ai and A 2 lasts on the order of 30 seconds.
  • the spin period corresponding to phases A 3 , A 4 and A 5 lasts approximately 10 seconds, while the unloading, corresponding to phase A 6 , lasts on the order of 30 seconds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns in particular a dryer with centrifugal effect for loose products (P), comprising a rotary drum (2) with substantially horizontal axis (XX') in the form of a frustum cone open at its two ends (210, 230), the opening with the smaller diameter called small base (210) enabling the insertion of the products (P) to be dried, while the opening with the larger diameter called large base (230) enables said products to be discharged, the wall (22) of said drum (2) having a series of holes for the liquid to pass through, such as perforations (220) opposite which is mounted a cover (3) for receiving and evacuating the liquid extracted from the mass of products, the opening (210) of smaller diameter communicating with a cylindrical feeder channel (20) wherein penetrate means feeding (7) the products (P), said dryer comprising means guiding the drum (2) in rotation, located exclusively outside the drum (2) at each of its ends. The invention is characterised in that said feeding channel (20) emerges into the central opening (260) of a planar annular wall (26), arranged radially relative to said horizontal axis (XX'), fixed to the small base (210) of the drum (2), said series of holes (220) extending over the entire surface of the wall (22) of the drum (2), including in its end portion adjacent to said base (210). The invention is useful for drying loose product such as food products.

Description

ESSOREUSE A EFFET CENTRIFUGE POUR PRODUITS EN VRAC ET SPINNER WITH CENTRIFUGAL EFFECT FOR BULK PRODUCTS AND
PROCEDE D'ESSORAGESPIN-OUT PROCESS
La présente invention se rapporte à une essoreuse à effet centrifuge pour des produits en vrac, ainsi qu'à un procédé d'essorage faisant usage de cette essoreuse.The present invention relates to a centrifugal effect wringer for bulk products, as well as to a wringing process using this wringer.
Une telle essoreuse peut être utilisée pour l'essorage de produits alimentaires notamment feuillus, tels que des herbes aromatiques.Such a wringer can be used for wringing food products, in particular hardwoods, such as aromatic herbs.
On décrit dans le document WO-A-94/18513 au nom du présent demandeur une essoreuse de ce genre. Cette essoreuse a pour caractéristique principale de comporter un tambour rotatif d'axe horizontal sensiblement en forme de tronc de cône ouvert à ses deux extrémités, l'ouverture de moins grand diamètre permettant l'introduction des produits à essorer tandis que l'ouverture de plus grand diamètre en autorise la sortie.Document WO-A-94/18513 describes in the name of the present applicant a wringer of this kind. The main characteristic of this wringer is that it has a rotary drum with a horizontal axis substantially in the form of a truncated cone open at its two ends, the opening of smaller diameter allowing the introduction of the products to be wrung while the opening of more large diameter allows the exit.
Le tambour présente une série de trous pour le passage du liquide, en regard desquels est monté un capot de réception et d'évacuation du liquide extrait de la masse de produit. L'ouverture de moins grand diamètre du tambour communique avec un canal d'alimentation dans lequel pénètrent des moyens d'alimentation en produits. De plus, les moyens de guidage du tambour en rotation sont situés exclusivement à l'extérieur du tambour, à chacune de ses extrémités. Une telle essoreuse donne généralement satisfaction. Toutefois, elle est encore perfectible, notamment sur les points qui seront détaillés ci-après.The drum has a series of holes for the passage of the liquid, opposite which is mounted a cover for receiving and discharging the liquid extracted from the mass of product. The smaller diameter opening of the drum communicates with a supply channel into which product supply means penetrate. In addition, the means for guiding the rotating drum are located exclusively outside the drum, at each of its ends. Such a wringer generally gives satisfaction. However, it can still be improved, in particular on the points which will be detailed below.
L'essoreuse du document précité comporte un tambour conformé en trois parties essentielles, à savoir une partie amont formée d'une tôle pleine, une partie intermédiaire ajourée assurant l'essorage des produits alimentaires, et une troisième partie, de forme plus évasée que le reste du tambour, formée également d'une tôle pleine.The wringer of the aforementioned document comprises a drum shaped into three essential parts, namely an upstream part formed from a solid sheet, an openwork intermediate part ensuring the wringing of food products, and a third part, of more flared shape than the rest of the drum, also formed of a solid sheet.
Lorsque les produits à essorer, amenés par le canal d'alimentation, tombent dans le tambour au niveau de sa partie amont, ils glissent sur cette paroi lisse et s'y trouvent abîmés par frottement, avant même d'arriver dans la partie intermédiaire d'essorage.When the products to be wrung, brought by the feed channel, fall into the drum at its upstream part, they slide on this smooth wall and are there damaged by friction, even before arriving in the intermediate part d 'spinning.
De plus, du fait du faible rayon du tambour au niveau de la partie amont du tronc de cône, la force centrifuge dans cette zone est très peu élevée, si bien que les produits ne sont pas directement plaqués contre la paroi. Au contraire, ils ont tendance à glisser, ce qui augmente encore le risque de détérioration par frottement.In addition, due to the small radius of the drum at the upstream part of the truncated cone, the centrifugal force in this area is very low, so that the products are not directly pressed against the wall. On the contrary, they tend to slip, which further increases the risk of friction damage.
Comme dit plus haut, la troisième partie du tambour présente une forme plus évasée que le reste du tambour. Cette forme contribue à provoquer des projections radiales des produits lorsque l'on souhaite les décharger de l'essoreuse. De plus, cette forme particulière rend difficile la mise en place d'un carter de protection qui viendrait juste à l'aplomb de cette troisième partie, pour éviter qu'un opérateur se coince les doigts à ce niveau, dans une zone où se situent des éléments en mouvement, à savoir des galets de guidage du tambour de rotation. Enfin, lors de l'opération de chargement des produits à essorer, on constate une accumulation de ceux-ci dans la partie amont du tambour, de sorte que leur essorage peut se révéler imparfait.As said above, the third part of the drum has a more flared shape than the rest of the drum. This shape contributes to causing radial projections of the products when it is desired to discharge them from the wringer. In addition, this particular shape makes it difficult to put in place a protective casing which would come just below this third part, to prevent an operator from pinching their fingers at this level, in an area where they are located. moving parts, namely guide rollers for the rotating drum. Finally, during the loading operation of the products to be wrung, there is an accumulation of these in the upstream part of the drum, so that their wringing can turn out to be imperfect.
La présente invention ajustement pour but de proposer une essoreuse et un procédé d'essorage qui permettent de pallier ces inconvénients. La présente invention concerne donc une essoreuse du genre décrit ci-dessus.The present invention adjustment for the purpose of providing a wringer and a wringing method which overcome these drawbacks. The present invention therefore relates to a wringer of the kind described above.
Selon l'invention, elle se caractérise essentiellement par le fait que le canal d'alimentation débouche dans l'ouverture centrale d'une paroi annulaire plane disposée radialement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du tambour et fixée à la petite base du tambour, ladite série de trous s'étendant sur la totalité de la surface de la paroi du tambour, y compris dans sa portion d'extrémité voisine de cette petite base.According to the invention, it is essentially characterized by the fact that the feed channel opens into the central opening of a planar annular wall disposed radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the drum and fixed to the small base of the drum, said series of holes extending over the entire surface of the wall of the drum, including in its end portion adjacent to this small base.
Grâce à cette structure, il y a donc un changement brusque de diamètre entre le canal et la partie amont du tambour. De plus, l'intégralité de la surface de ce tambour étant ajourée, les produits alimentaires à traiter se trouvent instantanément plaqués contre la paroi, sans être sujet à des déplacements et des frottements qu'ils leur seraient préjudiciables.Thanks to this structure, there is therefore an abrupt change in diameter between the channel and the upstream part of the drum. In addition, the entire surface of this drum being perforated, the food products to be treated are instantly pressed against the wall, without being subject to displacement and friction that would be detrimental to them.
Selon une forme avantageuse de réalisation, l'ouverture centrale de ladite paroi annulaire possède un diamètre nettement plus petit que celui de petite base. De ce fait, la force centrifuge qui s'applique instantanément aux produits dès leur introduction dans le tambour, est suffisante pour les plaquer contre la paroi de ce tambour.According to an advantageous embodiment, the central opening of said annular wall has a diameter much smaller than that of a small base. As a result, the centrifugal force which instantly applies to the products as soon as they are introduced into the drum, is sufficient to press them against the wall of this drum.
Dans une forme de réalisation spécifique, cette petite base a un diamètre au moins double de celui de l'ouverture centrale de la paroi annulaire. Par ailleurs, selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses mais non limitatives de cette essoreuse : - la grande base est dépourvue de col de sortie de profil plus évasé que le reste du tambour ;In a specific embodiment, this small base has a diameter at least twice that of the central opening of the annular wall. Furthermore, according to other advantageous but non-limiting characteristics of this wringer: - the large base is devoid of a more flared profile outlet neck than the rest of the drum;
- les moyens d'alimentation consistent en au moins un convoyeur à tapis sans fin ; - ledit convoyeur s'étend exclusivement à l'intérieur dudit canal, sans déboucher à l'intérieur dudit tambour rotatif ;the feeding means consist of at least one endless conveyor belt; - Said conveyor extends exclusively inside said channel, without opening inside said rotary drum;
- elle comprend des moyens de soufflage d'air au travers de la paroi ajourée du tambour, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de celui-ci.- It comprises means for blowing air through the perforated wall of the drum, from the outside to the inside thereof.
Dans un deuxième aspect de l'invention, celle-ci concerne un procédé pour essorer par effet centrifuge des produits en vrac à l'aide d'une essoreuse telle que présentée ci-dessus, ce procédé comprenant une première étape de chargement des produits, une deuxième étape d'essorage et une troisième étape de déchargement.In a second aspect of the invention, this relates to a process for wringing bulk products by centrifugal effect using a wringer as presented above, this process comprising a first step of loading the products, a second spinning step and a third unloading step.
Ce procédé est essentiellement caractérisé par le fait qu'on insuffle de l'air en direction du tambour pendant toute la durée de l'étape d'essorage.This process is essentially characterized by the fact that air is blown in the direction of the drum throughout the duration of the spinning step.
Ce faisant, les jets d'air décollent et font rouler sur eux-mêmes les produits sans les abîmer. Ainsi, les produits sont exposés sur toute leur surface, d'où une meilleure efficacité de l'essorage.In doing so, the air jets take off and make the products roll on themselves without damaging them. Thus, the products are exposed over their entire surface, hence better spin efficiency.
Selon une caractéristique particulière de ce procédé, pendant l'étape de chargement, on augmente la vitesse de tapis du convoyeur.According to a particular characteristic of this process, during the loading step, the conveyor belt speed is increased.
Cette augmentation de la vitesse va faire que le point d'impact des produits à l'intérieur du tambour va se déplacer d'amont en aval, de sorte qu'ils se répartissent sur toute la longueur du tambour, ce qui permet de réaliser un bon étalement sans agresser les produits. Cela contribue également à un meilleur essorage.This increase in speed will cause the point of impact of the products inside the drum to move from upstream to downstream, so that they are distributed over the entire length of the drum, which makes it possible to achieve a good spreading without attacking the products. This also contributes to a better spin.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description d'un mode de réalisation préféré, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the description of a preferred embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue de face, partiellement en coupe, d'une essoreuse conforme à l'invention ;- Figure 1 is a front view, partially in section, of a wringer according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est un schéma montrant, vu de gauche, l'essoreuse de la figure 1, à une échelle légèrement différente ;- Figure 2 is a diagram showing, seen on the left, the wringer of Figure 1, on a slightly different scale;
- la figure 3 est une vue partielle simplifiée et en coupe longitudinale du tambour de l'essoreuse, destinée à montrer la forme de sa partie aval, ainsi que certains de ses moyens de guidage en rotation ; - les figures 4 et 5 sont des vues, également en coupe longitudinale, du tambour et de son canal d'alimentation, destinées à montrer l'influence de la vitesse d'un convoyeur d'amenée des produits à tapis sans fin sur leur point d'impact dans le tambour ; - la figure 6 est un diagramme montrant deux cycles de fonctionnement de l'essoreuse de la figure 1. Par commodité, on utilisera ci-après et dans les dessins, des références numériques identiques à celles utilisées dans le WO-A-94/18513, pour autant que les éléments désignés par ces références se retrouvent dans l'essoreuse conforme à la présente invention.- Figure 3 is a simplified partial view in longitudinal section of the wringer drum, intended to show the shape of its downstream part, as well as some of its means for guiding in rotation; - Figures 4 and 5 are views, also in longitudinal section, of the drum and its feed channel, intended to show the influence of the speed of a conveyor for bringing endless belt products to their point impact in the drum; - Figure 6 is a diagram showing two operating cycles of the wringer of Figure 1. For convenience, we will use below and in the drawings, reference numbers identical to those used in WO-A-94/18513 , provided that the elements designated by these references are found in the wringer according to the present invention.
Dans la suite de la description, les termes "avant" et "arrière", appliqués à l'essoreuse et à ses éléments, correspondent respectivement aux parties de celle-ci qui sont représentées à droite et à gauche de la figure 1.In the following description, the terms "front" and "rear", applied to the wringer and its elements, correspond respectively to the parts of the latter which are represented on the right and on the left of FIG. 1.
D'une façon analogue, les termes "amont" et "aval" se réfèrent au cheminement des produits à essorer, depuis l'avant jusqu'à l'arrière de l'essoreuse de la figure 1.In an analogous manner, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" refer to the path of the products to be wrung, from the front to the rear of the wringer of FIG. 1.
L'essoreuse conforme à l'invention représentée sur les dessins annexés repose sur un châssis métallique 1 comportant des pieds d'appui 10 au sol. Ce châssis affecte, en vue de dessus, la forme d'un rectangle allongé dont les grands côtés s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe de rotation XX' du tambour 2 de l'essoreuse.The wringer according to the invention shown in the accompanying drawings rests on a metal frame 1 comprising support feet 10 on the ground. This frame assumes, in top view, the shape of an elongated rectangle whose long sides extend parallel to the axis of rotation XX 'of the drum 2 of the wringer.
Entre les pieds avant 10 du châssis 1 est monté, sur un support adéquat, un moteur 4 de préférence électrique, à vitesse réglable et avantageusement à deux sens de rotation.Between the front legs 10 of the chassis 1 is mounted, on a suitable support, a motor 4 preferably electric, with adjustable speed and advantageously with two directions of rotation.
L'arbre de sortie rotatif 41 de ce moteur est tourné vers l'avant de l'essoreuse et une poulie à gorge 42 y est calée.The rotary output shaft 41 of this motor is turned towards the front of the wringer and a grooved pulley 42 is wedged there.
Cette poulie coopère avec une courroie 40 à brins verticaux. Une seconde poulie 120, prévue annulaire, et entourant un canal cylindrique 20 communiquant avec le tambour 2 de l'essoreuse, coopère également avec la courroie. Comme dans le document cité plus haut, le tambour 2 constitue l'élément principal de l'essoreuse. Il est métallique, d'axe de rotation horizontal XX' et a la forme générale d'un tronc de cône évidé, ouvert à ses deux extrémités 210 et 230. Son ouverture de moins grand diamètre 210, ou petite base, est tournée vers l'avant de l'essoreuse. Une paroi annulaire plane 26 disposée radialement y est fixée. On a référencé 260 l'ouverture centrale de cette paroi annulaire par laquelle elle communique avec le canal cylindrique 20 décrit plus haut. L'ouverture opposée 230 de l'essoreuse qui présente un plus grand diamètre, et appelée par commodité grande base, surplombe le sol sur lequel est monté l'appareil.This pulley cooperates with a belt 40 with vertical strands. A second pulley 120, provided annular, and surrounding a cylindrical channel 20 communicating with the drum 2 of the wringer, also cooperates with the belt. As in the document cited above, the drum 2 constitutes the main element of the wringer. It is metallic, with a horizontal axis of rotation XX ′ and has the general shape of a hollowed truncated cone, open at its two ends 210 and 230. Its opening of smaller diameter 210, or small base, is turned towards the front of the wringer. A planar annular wall 26 disposed radially is fixed there. The central opening of this annular wall 260 is referenced 260 by which it communicates with the cylindrical channel 20 described above. The opposite opening 230 of the wringer which has a larger diameter, and called for convenience large base, overhangs the ground on which the apparatus is mounted.
Le tambour est guidé en rotation, d'une part, par un système de roulement formant couronne, non représenté, qui est disposé tout autour de la partie centrale du cylindre 20, entre le tambour 2 et la courroie 40.The drum is guided in rotation, on the one hand, by a bearing system forming a crown, not shown, which is arranged all around the central part of the cylinder 20, between the drum 2 and the belt 40.
Il est guidé d'autre part au moyen d'une couronne extérieure cylindrique 24 disposée à la périphérie du tambour, non loin de son ouverture 230. Cette couronne forme une voie de roulement pour des galets 151 visibles à la figure 2.On the other hand, it is guided by means of a cylindrical outer ring 24 arranged at the periphery of the drum, not far from its opening 230. This ring forms a raceway for rollers 151 visible in FIG. 2.
Le tambour 2 est strictement conique, ce qui signifie qu'il présente une conicité régulière, sans changement brusque de section d'amont en aval, ni partie plus évasée que le reste du tronc de cône.The drum 2 is strictly conical, which means that it has a regular conicity, without abrupt change in section from upstream to downstream, nor part more flared than the rest of the truncated cone.
Cette absence de col de sortie évasé permet, le cas échéant, de mettre en place au plus proche de l'ouverture 230, un carter annulaire périphérique C, tel que représenté symboliquement à la figure 3. Ainsi, il n'y a aucun risque qu'un opérateur vienne à coincer ses doigts dans cette zone où, par ailleurs se situent des organes en mouvement, à savoir les galets 151.This absence of a flared outlet collar makes it possible, if necessary, to install, as close as possible to the opening 230, a peripheral annular casing C, as symbolically represented in FIG. 3. Thus, there is no risk that an operator should pinch his fingers in this zone where, moreover, there are moving members, namely the rollers 151.
Selon une caractéristique particulièrement avantageuse, l'ouverture centrale 260 de la paroi annulaire précitée possède un diamètre Oι nettement plus petit que celui D2 de la petite base 210. Cette petite base a de préférence un diamètre au moins double de celui de ladite ouverture centrale.According to a particularly advantageous characteristic, the central opening 260 of the abovementioned annular wall has a diameter Oι significantly smaller than that D 2 of the small base 210. This small base preferably has a diameter at least twice that of said central opening .
On expliquera plus loin l'intérêt de cette caractéristique. Par ailleurs, les trous que présente la paroi 22 du tambour s'étendent sur la totalité de sa surface, y compris dans sa portion d'extrémité voisine de la petite base 210.The advantage of this characteristic will be explained later. Furthermore, the holes in the wall 22 of the drum extend over its entire surface, including in its end portion close to the small base 210.
On notera que le tambour est muni du côté de sa face externe, d'une couronne annulaire 221, respectivement 221', à profil arqué à la manière d'un rebord d'assiette. Leurs faces concaves se font face l'une à l'autre. La couronne 221 se trouve dans le prolongement de la petite base 210 du tambour. Dans une forme particulière de réalisation, cette couronne pourrait être d'une seule pièce avec la paroi annulaire plane 26.It will be noted that the drum is provided on the side of its external face, with an annular ring 221, respectively 221 ′, with an arcuate profile in the manner of a trim edge. Their concave faces face each other. The crown 221 is located in the extension of the small base 210 of the drum. In a particular embodiment, this crown could be in one piece with the planar annular wall 26.
L'essoreuse comprend par ailleurs un capot 3 de protection et de récupération/évacuation des liquides extraits des produits. Il est par exemple réalisé en métal tel que de l'acier inoxydable. Ce capot affecte la forme d'un tonneau tronconique 30 avec, à sa partie inférieure, un conduit d'évacuation des liquides 34.The wringer also comprises a cover 3 for protection and recovery / evacuation of the liquids extracted from the products. It is for example made of metal such as stainless steel. This cover takes the form of a frustoconical barrel 30 with, at its lower part, a liquid evacuation duct 34.
Les dimensions de ce capot sont prévues pour qu'il soit légèrement plus large que les couronnes annulaires 221 et 221' au niveau de leur bord périphérique. Ainsi, ces couronnes constituent une barrière pratiquement étanche entre l'intérieur du capot et l'extérieur.The dimensions of this cover are provided so that it is slightly wider than the annular rings 221 and 221 'at their peripheral edge. Thus, these rings constitute a practically sealed barrier between the inside of the cover and the outside.
Entre le capot 3 et le tambour 2 est prévue longitudinalement, en partie supérieure, au moins une rampe R apte à délivrer des jets d'air AC en direction du tambour, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de celui-ci. Deux rampes de ce type sont représentées à la figure 2, mais il est bien évident que l'essoreuse pourrait en comporter un nombre supérieur.Between the cover 3 and the drum 2 is provided longitudinally, in the upper part, at least one ramp R capable of delivering air jets AC towards the drum, from the outside towards the inside of the latter. Two ramps of this type are shown in Figure 2, but it is obvious that the wringer could have a higher number.
L'essoreuse est équipée de moyens d'alimentation en produits à traiter. Comme le montrent les figures, ces moyens consistent en un convoyeur 7 à tapis sans fin, qui est disposé horizontalement et longitudinalement à l'intérieur du canal 20 essoreuse. Ces moyens sont de type connu.The wringer is equipped with means for supplying products to be treated. As shown in the figures, these means consist of a conveyor 7 with an endless belt, which is arranged horizontally and longitudinally inside the wringing channel 20. These means are of known type.
Selon une caractéristique particulière de l'invention, ce convoyeur s'étend exclusivement à l'intérieur du canal, sans déboucher à l'intérieur du tambour rotatif 2. Ainsi, on évite tout risque de pollution ou contamination entre le canal 20 et le tambour 2. Ce convoyeur est prévu de telle manière que la vitesse d'avancement du tapis puisse être réglée selon les besoins.According to a particular characteristic of the invention, this conveyor extends exclusively inside the channel, without opening out inside the rotary drum 2. Thus, any risk of pollution or contamination between the channel 20 and the drum is avoided. 2. This conveyor is provided in such a way that the conveyor speed can be adjusted as required.
Nous allons décrire ci-après le fonctionnement de l'essoreuse, en relation avec les figures 1 à 5, ainsi qu'avec la figure 6 qui représente, sous forme de diagramme, deux cycles de traitement possible de produits P à essorer. En abscisse figure l'axe du temps (en secondes), tandis qu'en ordonnée est indiquée la vitesse de rotation du tambour 2 (en tours par minute).We will describe below the operation of the wringer, in connection with Figures 1 to 5, as well as with Figure 6 which shows, in diagram form, two possible treatment cycles of products P to be wrung. On the abscissa is the time axis (in seconds), while on the ordinate is indicated the rotation speed of the drum 2 (in revolutions per minute).
Ce cycle, référencé A, correspond par exemple au traitement de produits feuillus tels que du persil.This cycle, referenced A, corresponds for example to the treatment of leafy products such as parsley.
Dans une première étape, on commence par mettre en route le moteur 4, qui entraîne au moyen de la courroie 40, le tambour 2 en rotation autour de son axe XX'.In a first step, we start by starting the motor 4, which drives by means of the belt 40, the drum 2 in rotation about its axis XX '.
Dans le même temps, on met également en route le convoyeur 7 à une vitesse initiale de déplacement du tapis si. Cela correspond à la phase Ai du cycle A de la figure 6, la vitesse du tambour à la fin de cette phase étant de l'ordre de 50 tours par minute. Dans une phase A2 réalisée à vitesse constante, s'opère le chargement des produits à l'intérieur du tambour via le canal d'alimentation 20.At the same time, the conveyor 7 is also started up at an initial speed of movement of the belt if. This corresponds to phase Ai of cycle A of FIG. 6, the speed of the drum at the end of this phase being of the order of 50 revolutions per minute. In a phase A 2 carried out at constant speed, the products are loaded inside the drum via the feed channel 20.
Comme le montrent respectivement les figures 4 et 5, on s'arrange au cours de ce chargement pour que la vitesse de déplacement du convoyeur 7 passe d'une première vitesse si à une seconde vitesse s2 supérieure, selon une accélération constante.As shown in Figures 4 and 5 respectively, it is arranged during this loading so that the speed of movement of the conveyor 7 changes from a first speed if to a second speed s 2 higher, according to a constant acceleration.
Ceci va permettre de faire varier la zone d'impact des produits P sur le tambour d'essorage, de manière à les répartir régulièrement sur la longueur de celui-ci, en réalisant un bon étalement sans agression. Cette répartition va favoriser un meilleur essorage des produits. Sur les figures précitées, on a désigné par les flèches f et g les directions générales du flux de produits en fonction de la vitesse.This will make it possible to vary the impact zone of the products P on the spinning drum, so as to distribute them regularly over the length thereof, while achieving good spreading without attack. This distribution will encourage better spinning of the products. In the aforementioned figures, the general directions of the product flow as a function of the speed have been designated by the arrows f and g.
Le chargement étant effectué, on augmente progressivement la vitesse de rotation du tambour jusqu'à ce qu'elle atteigne une vitesse d'environ 220 tours par minute. Cela correspond à la phase A3. Durant cette phase, la force centrifuge, qui est fonction du carré du rayon du tambour, contribue à plaquer les produits P contre la paroi de ce tambour. L'intégralité de celle-ci étant perforée, les produits ne sont aucunement freinés ni agressés mais directement plaqués et essorés. Ce plaquage sera d'autant plus performant que la différence de diamètre entre le canal d'alimentation 20 et la petite base du tambour sera grande.The loading being carried out, the rotation speed of the drum is gradually increased until it reaches a speed of approximately 220 revolutions per minute. This corresponds to phase A 3 . During this phase, the centrifugal force, which is a function of the square of the radius of the drum, contributes to press the products P against the wall of this drum. The whole of it being perforated, the products are in no way slowed down or attacked but directly pressed down and wrung out. This plating will be all the more efficient as the difference in diameter between the feed channel 20 and the small base of the drum will be large.
Pendant toute cette phase d'essorage, on met en route les moyens de soufflage d'air AC par les rampes R de manière à forcer les produits P plaqués contre la paroi du tambour à rouler sur eux-mêmes et à se décoller, de manière à exposer toute leur surface au processus d'essorage.During this entire spinning phase, the air blowing means AC are started up by the ramps R so as to force the products P pressed against the wall of the drum to roll on themselves and to come off, so to expose their entire surface to the spin process.
On procède alors à une descente rapide de la vitesse du tambour au cours de laquelle se finit l'essorage.One then proceeds to a rapid descent of the speed of the drum during which the spin ends.
Cela correspond à la phase A5 de la courbe de la figure 6. La vitesse du tambour est diminuée jusqu'à atteindre une valeur inférieure à celle mise en œuvre pour le chargement. Cette vitesse est par exemple de l'ordre de 25 tours par minute (phase A6 de la courbe).This corresponds to phase A 5 of the curve in FIG. 6. The speed of the drum is reduced until reaching a value lower than that used for loading. This speed is for example of the order of 25 revolutions per minute (phase A 6 of the curve).
Durant cette phase, la force centrifuge appliquée au produit n'est plus suffisante pour les plaquer contre la paroi du tambour. Ils glissent donc progressivement vers la grande base 230 de ce dernier jusqu'à en sortir par gravité et être récupérés par des moyens, tels qu'un convoyeur à tapis mobile non représenté. A ce moment peut alors débuter un nouveau cycle d'essorage. C'est pourquoi on a représenté sur la figure 6 de nouveaux segments A2 à A5 identiques aux précédents.During this phase, the centrifugal force applied to the product is no longer sufficient to press them against the wall of the drum. They therefore slide progressively towards the large base 230 of the latter until they exit by gravity and are recovered by means, such as a conveyor belt conveyor not shown. At this point, a new spin cycle can start. This is why FIG. 6 shows new segments A 2 to A 5 identical to the previous ones.
A titre indicatif, la période de chargement correspondant aux phases Ai et A2 dure de l'ordre de 30 secondes.As an indication, the loading period corresponding to phases Ai and A 2 lasts on the order of 30 seconds.
La période d'essorage correspondant aux phases A3, A4 et A5 dure environ 10 secondes, tandis que le déchargement, correspondant à la phase A6, dure de l'ordre de 30 secondes. The spin period corresponding to phases A 3 , A 4 and A 5 lasts approximately 10 seconds, while the unloading, corresponding to phase A 6 , lasts on the order of 30 seconds.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Essoreuse à effet centrifuge pour des produits en vrac (P), qui comporte un tambour rotatif (2) d'axe horizontal (XX') sensiblement en forme de tronc de cône ouvert à ses deux extrémités (210, 230), l'ouverture de moins grand diamètre - dite petite base (210) - permettant l'introduction des produits (P) à essorer, tandis que l'ouverture de plus grand diamètre - dite grande base (230) - en autorise la sortie, la paroi (22) de ce tambour (2) présentant une série de trous pour le passage du liquide, tels que des perforations (220) en regard desquels est monté un capot (3) de réception et d'évacuation du liquide extrait de la masse de produits, l'ouverture (210) de moins grand diamètre communiquant avec un canal d'alimentation cylindrique (20) dans lequel pénètrent des moyens d'alimentation (7) en produits (P), cette essoreuse comportant des moyens de guidage (151) du tambour (2) en rotation, situés exclusivement à l'extérieur du tambour (2) à chacune de ses extrémités, caractérisée par le fait que ledit canal d'alimentation (20) débouche dans l'ouverture centrale (260) d'une paroi annulaire plane (26), disposée radialement par rapport audit axe horizontal (XX'), fixée à la petite base (210) du tambour (2), ladite série de trous (220) s'étendant sur la totalité de la surface de la paroi (22) du tambour (2), y compris dans sa portion d'extrémité voisine de cette petite base (210).1. Centrifugal wringer for bulk products (P), which comprises a rotary drum (2) with a horizontal axis (XX ') substantially in the form of a truncated cone open at its two ends (210, 230), l opening of smaller diameter - called small base (210) - allowing the introduction of products (P) to be wrung, while the opening of larger diameter - called large base (230) - allows the exit, the wall (22) of this drum (2) having a series of holes for the passage of the liquid, such as perforations (220) opposite which is mounted a cover (3) for receiving and discharging the liquid extracted from the mass of products, the opening (210) of smaller diameter communicating with a cylindrical supply channel (20) into which feed means (7) enter products (P), this wringer comprising guide means (151) drum (2) in rotation, located exclusively outside the drum (2) at each of its extremi tees, characterized in that said supply channel (20) opens into the central opening (260) of a planar annular wall (26), arranged radially with respect to said horizontal axis (XX '), fixed to the small base (210) of the drum (2), said series of holes (220) extending over the entire surface of the wall (22) of the drum (2), including in its end portion close to this small base (210).
2. Essoreuse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que l'ouverture centrale (260) de ladite paroi annulaire (26) possède un diamètre (Di) nettement plus petit que celui (D2) de la petite base.2. Wringer according to claim 1, characterized in that the central opening (260) of said annular wall (26) has a diameter (Di) significantly smaller than that (D 2 ) of the small base.
3. Essoreuse selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que la petite base (210) a un diamètre au moins double de celui de l'ouverture centrale (260) de ladite paroi annulaire (26). 3. Wringer according to claim 2, characterized in that the small base (210) has a diameter at least double that of the central opening (260) of said annular wall (26).
4. Essoreuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par le fait que la grande base (230) est dépourvue de col de sortie de profil plus évasé que le reste du tambour (2).4. Wringer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the large base (230) is devoid of an outlet neck with a more flared profile than the rest of the drum (2).
5. Essoreuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée par le fait que lesdits moyens d'alimentation (7) consistent au moins en un convoyeur à tapis sans fin.5. Wringer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said supply means (7) consist at least of an endless conveyor belt.
6. Essoreuse selon la revendication 5, caractérisée par le fait que ledit convoyeur (7) s'étend exclusivement à l'intérieur dudit canal (20), sans déboucher à l'intérieur dudit tambour rotatif (2). 6. Wringer according to claim 5, characterized in that said conveyor (7) extends exclusively inside said channel (20), without opening into said rotary drum (2).
7. Essoreuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comprend des moyens (R) de soufflage d'air (AC) au travers de la paroi ajourée (22) du tambour (2), de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de celui-ci.7. Wringer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises means (R) for blowing air (AC) through the perforated wall (22) of the drum (2), outside to inside of it.
8. Procédé pour essorer par effet centrifuge des produits en vrac (P), à l'aide d'une essoreuse conforme à la revendication 7, qui comprend une première étape de chargement des produits, une deuxième étape d'essorage et une troisième étape de déchargement, caractérisé par le fait que l'on insuffle de l'air (AC) en direction du tambour (2) pendant toute la durée de l'étape d'essorage.8. Method for spinning centrifugal products in bulk (P), using a wringer according to claim 7, which comprises a first step of loading the products, a second spinning step and a third step unloading, characterized by the fact that air is blown in the direction of the drum (2) throughout the duration of the spinning step.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, mis en œuvre à l'aide d'une essoreuse conforme aux revendications 5 et 7 prises en combinaison, caractérisé par le fait que, pendant l'étape de chargement, on augmente la vitesse (si, s2) du tapis du convoyeur (7). 9. Method according to claim 8, implemented using a wringer according to claims 5 and 7 taken in combination, characterized in that, during the loading step, the speed is increased (if, s 2 ) the conveyor belt (7).
PCT/FR2000/001708 1999-06-24 2000-06-21 Dryer with centrifugal effect for loose products and drying method WO2001001055A1 (en)

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FR9908267A FR2795497B1 (en) 1999-06-24 1999-06-24 CENTRIFUGAL SPIN EXTRACTOR FOR BULK PRODUCTS AND SPIN PROCESS
FR99/08267 1999-06-24

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1440624A2 (en) 2003-01-24 2004-07-28 Radix Systems Limited Method and apparatus for processing arcticles
FR2896666A1 (en) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-03 Freeze Agro Ingenierie Sarl Food product e.g. fruit, supplying method for agri-food industry, involves collecting water gathered in cover after centrifugation, and recycling water with make-up water from outer source such that source serves to reproduce water flow
DE102006009200A1 (en) * 2006-02-22 2007-08-30 Fima Maschinenbau Gmbh Centrifuge operation in e.g. chemical-, pharmaceutical or food manufacture, comprises drying of cake with local radial influx of drying gas, whilst maintaining rotary speed avoiding cake collapse

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH148212A (en) * 1930-04-12 1931-07-15 Heinzelmann Hans Method and centrifugal device for drying pulpy goods.
WO1990000714A1 (en) * 1988-07-13 1990-01-25 Ultra Maschinenbau, H. Kessler & Co. Quasi-continuous drying of small-sized, washed lettuce, vegetables and fruit
FR2700925A1 (en) * 1993-02-02 1994-08-05 Freeze Agro Ingenierie Centrifugal wringer for food products, especially hardwoods.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH148212A (en) * 1930-04-12 1931-07-15 Heinzelmann Hans Method and centrifugal device for drying pulpy goods.
WO1990000714A1 (en) * 1988-07-13 1990-01-25 Ultra Maschinenbau, H. Kessler & Co. Quasi-continuous drying of small-sized, washed lettuce, vegetables and fruit
FR2700925A1 (en) * 1993-02-02 1994-08-05 Freeze Agro Ingenierie Centrifugal wringer for food products, especially hardwoods.

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1440624A2 (en) 2003-01-24 2004-07-28 Radix Systems Limited Method and apparatus for processing arcticles
EP1440624A3 (en) * 2003-01-24 2006-03-22 Radix Systems Limited Method and apparatus for processing arcticles
FR2896666A1 (en) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-03 Freeze Agro Ingenierie Sarl Food product e.g. fruit, supplying method for agri-food industry, involves collecting water gathered in cover after centrifugation, and recycling water with make-up water from outer source such that source serves to reproduce water flow
DE102006009200A1 (en) * 2006-02-22 2007-08-30 Fima Maschinenbau Gmbh Centrifuge operation in e.g. chemical-, pharmaceutical or food manufacture, comprises drying of cake with local radial influx of drying gas, whilst maintaining rotary speed avoiding cake collapse
US7972520B2 (en) 2006-02-22 2011-07-05 Fima Maschinenbau Gmbh Process for operating a centrifuge

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