WO2000056849A1 - Laundry detergent compositions with certain cationically charged dye maintenance polymers - Google Patents

Laundry detergent compositions with certain cationically charged dye maintenance polymers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000056849A1
WO2000056849A1 PCT/US2000/008031 US0008031W WO0056849A1 WO 2000056849 A1 WO2000056849 A1 WO 2000056849A1 US 0008031 W US0008031 W US 0008031W WO 0056849 A1 WO0056849 A1 WO 0056849A1
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Prior art keywords
mixtures
polymer
alkyl
hydrogen
formula
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PCT/US2000/008031
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rajan Keshav Panandiker
Sherri Lynn Randall
Janet Sue Littig
Eugene Paul Gosselink
David William Bjorkquist
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The Procter & Gamble Company
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Priority to US09/914,524 priority Critical patent/US6733538B1/en
Priority to JP2000606708A priority patent/JP2002540250A/ja
Priority to CA002365303A priority patent/CA2365303C/en
Priority to AU39235/00A priority patent/AU3923500A/en
Priority to EP00918422A priority patent/EP1163320A1/en
Priority to BR0009279-7A priority patent/BR0009279A/pt
Priority to MXPA01009728A priority patent/MXPA01009728A/es
Publication of WO2000056849A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000056849A1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0021Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/26Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C11D3/28Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen in the ring
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/26Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C11D3/30Amines; Substituted amines ; Quaternized amines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3703Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3723Polyamines or polyalkyleneimines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3746Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3769(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3746Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3769(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
    • C11D3/3773(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines in liquid compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3792Amine oxide containing polymers

Definitions

  • compositions in either liquid or granular form, for use in laundry applications, wherein the compositions comp ⁇ se certain dye mamtenance polymers that have a net positive charge.
  • compositions comprising the dye mamtenance polymers of this invention impart appearance and integrity benefits to fab ⁇ cs and textiles laundered in washing solutions formed from such compositions.
  • Short fibers are dislodged from woven and knit fab ⁇ c/textile structures by the mechanical action of launde ⁇ ng These dislodged fibers may form lint, fuzz or "pills" which are visible on the surface of fab ⁇ cs and diminish the appearance of newness of the fab ⁇ c Further, repeated laundenng of fab ⁇ cs and textiles, especially with bleach-contaming laundry products, can remove dye from fab ⁇ cs and textiles and impart a faded, worn out appearance as a result of diminished color intensity, and in many cases, as a result of changes in hues or shades of color
  • the present invention meets the aforementioned need in that it has been surp ⁇ smgly discovered that fab ⁇ c which is treated, and subsequently re-treated with the compositions of the present invention, will resist normal fading and color loss without regard to the circumstances, inter alia, due to mechanical wear and abrasion.
  • fabric which has not been treated can have the loss of fab ⁇ c dye attenuated by washing clothing with the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention.
  • the compositions of the present invention can take any form, inter alia, heavy duty liquid (HDL), heavy duty granular (HDG), bars, pastes, thixotropic compositions.
  • the first aspect of the present invention relates to laundry detergent compositions providing dye protection benefits to fab ⁇ c comp ⁇ smg: a) from about 4% to about 70% by weight, of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of noniomc, anionic, cationic, amphote ⁇ c, zwitte ⁇ onic surfactants and mixtures thereof, preferably at least one of said surfactants is an anionic surfactant; b) from about 0.01 %, preferably from about 0.1 %, more preferably from about 0.5%, most preferably from about 0.8% to about 10%, preferably to about 8%, more preferably to about 6%, most preferably to about 5% by weight, of a dye maintenance polymer or oligomer, said polymer or copolymer comp ⁇ smg one or more units having the formula
  • each R 1 is independently a) hydrogen; b) C,-C 4 alkyl, c) substituted or unsubstituted phenyl; d) substituted or unsubstituted benzyl; e) carbocyclic; f» heterocyclic; g) and mixtures thereof;
  • each R 4 is independently an olefin comp ⁇ smg unit which is capable of propagating polymerization in addition to forming a cyclic residue with an adjacent R 4 unit;
  • R 5 is C,-C 12 linear or branched alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, and mixtures thereof;
  • X is a water soluble amon; and III) mixtures thereof; provided said polymer or co-polymer has a net cationic charge; and wherein said dye maintenance polymer is not an polyethyleneimme or alkoxylated derivative thereof; and b) the balance earners and other adjunct ingredients.
  • the laundry detergent compositions herein comp ⁇ se from about 0.01% to 80% by weight of an organic or inorganic detergency builder and other conventional laundry detergent products.
  • the present invention relates to the launde ⁇ ng or treating of fab ⁇ cs and textiles in aqueous washmg, ⁇ nsmg, or treating solutions formed from effective amounts of any of the detergent compositions, fabric softener compositions, or aqueous solution treatments described herein, or formed from the individual components of such compositions. Launde ⁇ ng of fabrics and textiles in such washing, ⁇ nsmg and/or treatment solutions, followed by drying, imparts fabric appearance benefits to the fabric and textile articles so treated.
  • Such benefits can include improved overall appearance, pill/fuzz reduction, anti-fadmg, improved abrasion resistance, and/or enhanced softness. It has been surp ⁇ smgly determined that the dye maintenance polymers of this invention impart fabric appearance and integrity benefits that are greater than the benefits achieved by a corresponding amount of either component by itself
  • compositions and systems of the present invention comp ⁇ se from about 0.1%, preferably for about 1%, more preferably from about 2%, most preferably from about 3% to about 10%, preferably to about 7%, more preferably to about 5% by weight, of a polymer, co-polymer, or mixture thereof, wherein said polymer or co-polymer comp ⁇ ses at least one catiomcally charged unit, ⁇ Mter alia, quaternary ammonium moiety or unit which can form a cationic charge m situ, inter aha, p ⁇ mary amine moiety.
  • the oligomer, polymer, or co-polymer resulting from the herein below desc ⁇ bed monomer units must have a net cationic charge.
  • the charge can be dist ⁇ ubbed among any of the herein desc ⁇ bed units.
  • the dye maintenance polymers of this invention can be used in any fab ⁇ c launde ⁇ ng process and provide certain appearance benefits to the fabrics laundered m these processes.
  • Such fab ⁇ c appearance benefits can include, for example, improved overall appearance of the laundered fab ⁇ cs, reduction of the formation of pills and fuzz, protection against color fading, improved abrasion resistance, etc.
  • the dye maintenance polymers used in the compositions and methods herein can provide such fabric appearance benefits when incorporated in a wash or rinse added products.
  • an oligomer is a molecule consisting of only a few monomer units while polymers comprise considerably more monomer units.
  • oligomers are defined as molecules having an average molecular weight below about 1 ,000 and polymers are molecules having an average molecular weight of greater than about 1,000.
  • Copolymers are polymers or oligomers wherein two or more dissimilar monomers have been simultaneously or sequentially polyme ⁇ zed.
  • Copolymers of the present invention can include, for example, polymers or oligomers copolyme ⁇ zing acrylamide with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, vinyl amine with vinyl alcohol, etc
  • Cationic polymers in general and their method of manufacture are know. For example, a detailed description of cationic polymers can be found in an article by M. Fred Hoover that was published m the Journal of Macromolecular Science-Chemistry, A4(6), pp 1327-1417, October, 1970. The entire disclosure of the Hoover article is incorporated herein by reference. The dye maintenance polymers of this invention will be better understood when read in light of the Hoover article, the present disclosure and the Examples herein.
  • Linear Polymer Units The polymers or co-polymers of the present invention can comp ⁇ se one or more linear polymer units having the formula:
  • the linear polymer units are formed from linearly polyme ⁇ zmg monomers.
  • Linearly polyme ⁇ z g monomers are defined herein as monomers which under standard polymerizing conditions result in a linear polymer chain or alternatively which linearly propagate polyme ⁇ zation.
  • the linearly polyme ⁇ zmg monomers of the present invention have the formula:
  • Each R 1 is independently hydrogen, C,-C 4 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, carbocyclic, heterocyclic, and mixtures thereof.
  • R 1 is hydrogen, C,-C 4 alkyl, phenyl, and mixtures thereof, more preferably hydrogen and methyl
  • Each R 2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, C,-C 4 alkyl, C,-C 4 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, carbocyclic, heterocyclic, and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred R 2 is hydrogen, C r C 4 alkyl, and mixtures thereof.
  • Each Z is independently hydrogen; hydroxyl; halogen; -(CH 2 ) m R, wherein R is hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen, mt ⁇ lo, -OR 3 , -0(CH 2 ) n N(R 3 ) 2 , -0(CH 2 ) n N + (R 3 ) 3 X " , -OCO(CH 2 ) obligeN(R 3 ) 2 , - OCO(CH 2 ) n N + (R 3 ) 3 X " , -NHCO(CH 2 ) n N(R 3 ) 2 , -NHCO(CH 2 ) n N + (R 3 ) 3 X " , -(CH 2 ) friendshipN(R 3 ) 2 , -
  • a non-aromatic nitrogen heterocycle comp ⁇ smg a quaternary ammonium ion, a non-aromatic nitrogen heterocycle comprising an N-oxide moiety, an aromatic nitrogen containing heterocyclic wherein one or more or the nitrogen atoms is quaternized; an aromatic nitrogen containing heterocycle wherein at least one nitrogen is an N-oxide; -NHCHO (formamide), or mixtures thereof; wherein each R 3 is independently hydrogen, C,-C 8 alkyl, C,-C 8 hydroxyalkyl, and mixtures thereof; X is a water soluble amon; the index n is from 0 to 6; carbocyclic, heterocyclic, or mixtures thereof; -(CH 2 ) m COR' wherein R' is -OR 3 , -O(CH 2 ) ⁇ N(R 3 ) 2 ,
  • index n 2 to 4.
  • index m is from 0 to 6, preferably 0 to 2, more preferably 0.
  • Non-limiting examples of linearly polyme ⁇ zmg monomers comp ⁇ smg a heterocyclic Z unit includes l-v ⁇ nyl-2-pyrrol ⁇ dmone, 1-vmyl ⁇ m ⁇ dazole, 2-vmyl-l,3-d ⁇ oxolane, 4-vmyl-l- cyclohexenel,2-epox ⁇ de, and 2-vmylpy ⁇ dme.
  • the polymers and co-polymers of the present invention comp ⁇ se Z units which have a cationic charge or which result m a unit which forms a cationic charge in situ.
  • the copolymers of the present invention comp ⁇ se more than one Z unit, for example, Z 1 , Z 2 ,...Z n units, at least about 1% of the monomers which comp ⁇ se the co-polymers will comp ⁇ se a cationic unit.
  • Preferred cationic units include -O(CH 2 ) n N + (R 3 ) 3 X " and -(CH 2 ) n N + (R 3 ) 3 X " .
  • the ratio of Z 1 to Z 2 is preferably from about 9:1 to about 1:9.
  • a non-limiting example of a Z unit which can be made to form a cationic charge in situ is the -NHCHO unit, formamide.
  • the formulator can prepare a polymer or co-polymer comp ⁇ s g formamide units some of which are subsequently hydrolyzed to form vmyl amine equivalents.
  • the formulator may prepare a co-polymer having the general formula:
  • Z may be a cationic unit comp ⁇ smg or non-catiomc unit comp ⁇ smg moiety and x' + x" • x.
  • Another class of preferred linearly polyme ⁇ zable monomers which comp ⁇ ses a heterocyclic ⁇ ng includes Z units comp ⁇ smg an N-oxide, for example, the N-oxide having the formula:
  • N-alkyl vmylpy ⁇ dine monomers and N-oxide vinylpy ⁇ dme monomers can be suitably combined with other non aromatic monomers, inter aha, vmyl am e.
  • preferred polymers of the present invention include co-polymers derived from a combination of quatemized, N-oxide, and nitrogen containing heteroaromatic monomers, non-limitmg examples of which includes a copolymer of N-methyl vmyl py ⁇ dine and vmyl pyridme m a ratio of 4:1, a copolymer of N-methyl vmyl pyridme and vmyl pyridme in a ratio of 4:6; a co-polymer of poly(N-methyl vmyl pyridme) and vmyl py ⁇ dine N-oxide m a ratio of polymer to monomer of 4:1; poly (N-methyl vmyl pyridme) and vinyl py
  • Z 1 has the formula:
  • X is chlo ⁇ ne
  • x has the value of from about 10 to about 100,000
  • y has the value of from about 10 to about 100,000
  • the ratio of x to y is from 9:1 to 1 :9.
  • Co-polymers of this type are available as, e.g., Sedipur ® CF104 ex BASF.
  • vmyl amme residues are preferably introduced via formamide monomers which are subsequently hydrolyzed to the free ammo unit.
  • vmyl alcohol units are obtained by hydrolysis of residues formed form vmyl acetate monomers.
  • acrylic acid residues may be este ⁇ fied after polymerization, for example, units having the formula
  • the polymers or co-polymers of the present invention can comprise one or more cyclic polymer units which are derived from cyclically polyme ⁇ zmg monomers.
  • Cyclically polyme ⁇ zing monomers are defined herein as monomers which under standard polymerizing conditions result in a cyclic polymer residue as well as serving to linearly propagate polymerization.
  • Preferred cyclically polyme ⁇ zing monomers of the present invention have the formula: wherein each R 4 is independently an olefin comp ⁇ smg unit which is capable of propagating polyme ⁇ zation in addition to forming a cyclic residue with an adjacent R 4 unit; R 5 is C,-C 12 linear or branched alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, and mixtures thereof; X is a water soluble amon.
  • Non-limitmg examples of R 4 units include allyl and alkyl substituted allyl units.
  • Preferably the resulting cyclic residue is a six-member ⁇ ng comp ⁇ smg a quaternary nitrogen atom.
  • R 5 is preferably C C 4 alkyl, preferably methyl.
  • cyclically polyme ⁇ zing monomer is dimethyl diallyl ammonium having the formula:
  • index z is from about 10 to about 50,000. Ill) Mixtures thereof.
  • the polymers or co-polymers of the present invention must retain a net cationic charge, whether the charged is developed in situ, or whether the polymer or co-polymer itself has a formal positive charge.
  • the polymer or co-polymer has at least 10%, more preferably at least about 25%, more preferably at least about 35%, most preferably at least about 50% of the residues compnse a cationic charge.
  • the polymers or co-polymers of the present invention can comprise mixtures of linearly and cyclically polymerizing monomers, for example the poly(d ⁇ methyld ⁇ allyl-ammon ⁇ um chlo ⁇ de/acrylamide) co-polymer having the formula: wherein Z 1 , Z 2 , x, y, and z are the same as defined herein above and X is chlo ⁇ de ion.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of this invention is the composition comp ⁇ smg a polymer based on dimethyldiallylammomum chlo ⁇ de and a copolymer which is based upon acrylamide with a co-monomer selected from the group consisting of N, N d ⁇ alkylam ⁇ noalkyl(meth)acrylate, N, N dialkylaminoalkylacrylate, N,N dialkylammoalkylacrylamide, N,N d ⁇ alkylammoalkyl(meth)acrylam ⁇ de, their quatemized de ⁇ vatives and mixtures thereof.
  • Non-limiting examples of preferred polymers according to the present invention include dye maintenance copolymers comp ⁇ smg:
  • a first monomer selected from the group consisting of N, N d ⁇ alkylammoalkyl(meth)acrylate, N, N dialkylaminoalkylacrylate, N,N dialkylammoalkylacrylamide, N,N d ⁇ alkylam ⁇ noalkyl(meth)acrylam ⁇ de, their quatemized de ⁇ vatives and mixtures thereof; and n) a second monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacryhc acid, C,-C 6 alkylmethacrylate, C,-C 6 alkyl acrylate, C r C 8 hydroxyalkylacrylate, C,-C 8 hydroxyalkylmethacrylate, acrylamide, C C 16 alkyl acrylamide, C r C I6 dialkylacrylamide, 2-acrylam ⁇ do-2-methylpropane sulfomc acid or its alkali salt, methacrylamide, C r C 16 alkylmethacrylamide, C
  • compositions of the present invention may also optionally comprise one or more adjunct ingredients.
  • adjunct ingredients are selected from the group consisting of detersive surfactants, electrolytes, stabilizers, low molecular weight water soluble solvents, chelatmg agents, dispersibility aids, soil release agents, nomonic fabric softening agents, concentration aid, perfume, preservatives, colorants, optical b ⁇ ghteners, opacifiers, germicides, fungicides, anti-corrosion agents, antofoam agents, and mixtures thereof.
  • the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention comp ⁇ se a surfactant system.
  • the surfactant systems of the present invention may comp ⁇ se any type of detersive surfactant, non-limiting examples of which include one or more mid-cham branched alkyl sulfate surfactants, one or more mid-chain branched alkyl alkoxy sulfate surfactants, one or more mid- cham branched aryl sulfonate surfactants, one or more non mid-chain branched sulphonates, sulphates, cationic surfactants, zwitte ⁇ onic surfactants, ampholytic surfactants, and mixtures thereof
  • the total amount of surfactant present m the compositions of the present invention is from about 4% by weight, preferably from about 10% more preferably from about 15% to about 60%, preferably to about 30% by weight, of said composition
  • Nonlimiting examples of surfactants useful herein include. a) C , , -C ! 8 alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS) , b) C 6 -C 18 mid-cham branched aryl sulfonates (BLAS), c) C 10 -C 20 primary, ⁇ or ⁇ -branched, and random alkyl sulfates (AS), d) C 14 -C 20 mid-cham branched alkyl sulfates (BAS), e) C 10 -C 18 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfates as described in U.S.
  • R 7 -C— N— Q wherein R 7 is C 5 -C 31 alkyl; R 8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C,-C 4 alkyl, C,- C 4 hydroxyalkyl, Q is a polyhydroxyalkyl moiety having a linear alkyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof; preferred alkoxy is ethoxy or propoxy, and mixtures thereof; preferred Q is derived from a reducing sugar m a reductive animation reaction, more preferably Q is a glycityl moiety; Q is more preferably selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 (CHOH) ⁇ CH 2 OH, -CH(CH 2 OH)(CHOH) n ,CH 2 OH, - CH 2 (CHOH) 2 (CHOR')(CHOH) CH 2 OH, and alkoxylated de ⁇ vatives thereof, wherein n is an integer from 3 to 5, inclusive, and R'
  • a non-limiting example of a nomonic surfactant suitable for use in the present invention has the formula.
  • R is C 7 -C 21 linear alkyl, C 7 -C 21 branched alkyl, C 7 -C 2I linear alkenyl, C 7 -C 21 branched alkenyl, and mixtures thereof
  • R 1 is ethylene
  • R 2 ⁇ s C 3 -C 4 linear alkyl, C 3 -C 4 branched alkyl, and mixtures thereof; preferably R 2 is 1,2-propylene.
  • Nomonic surfactants which comprise a mixture of R 1 and R 2 un ⁇ ts preferably compnse from about 4 to about 12 ethylene units in combination with from about 1 to about 4 1,2-propylene units. The units may be alternating, or grouped together in any combmation suitable to the formulator.
  • the ratio of R 1 units to R 2 units is from about 4 : 1 to about 8 : 1.
  • an R 2 units i.e. 1,2-propylene
  • R 2 is hydrogen, C,-C 4 linear alkyl, C 3 -C 4 branched alkyl, and mixtures thereof; preferably hydrogen or methyl, more preferably hydrogen.
  • R 4 is hydrogen, C r C 4 linear alkyl, C 3 -C 4 branched alkyl, and mixtures thereof; preferably hydrogen.
  • the index n must be equal to 0 and the R 4 unit is absent and is instead replaced by a -[(R'O) x (R 2 O) y R 3 ] unit.
  • the mdex m is 1 or 2, the index n is 0 or 1, provided that when m is equal to 1, n is equal to 1; and when m is 2 n is 0; preferably m is equal to 1 and n is equal to one, resulting in one - [(R 1 O) x (R 2 O) y R 3 ] unit and R 4 bemg present on the nitrogen.
  • the mdex x is from 0 to about 50, preferably from about 3 to about 25, more preferably from about 3 to about 10.
  • the index y is from 0 to about 10, preferably 0, however when the index y is not equal to 0, y is from 1 to about 4.
  • Preferably all of the alkyleneoxy units are ethyleneoxy units.
  • indices x and y are average values and the true values may range over several values depending upon the process used to alkoxylate the amides.
  • the mid-cham branched alkyl sulfate surfactants of the present invention have the formula:
  • alkyl alkoxy sulfates have the formula:
  • R, R 1 , and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, C,-C 3 alkyl, and mixtures thereof; provided at least one of R, R 1 , and R 2 is not hydrogen; preferably R, R 1 , and R 2 are methyl; preferably one of R, R 1 , and R 2 is methyl and the other units are hydrogen.
  • the total number of carbon atoms m the mid-cham branched alkyl sulfate and alkyl alkoxy sulfate surfactants is from 14 to 20; the index w is an integer from 0 to 13; x is an integer from 0 to 13; y is an integer from 0 to 13; z is an integer of at least 1; provided w + x + y + z is from 8 to 14 and the total number of carbon atoms in a surfactant is from 14 to 20; R 3 is C,-C 4 linear or branched alkylene, preferably ethylene, 1,2-propylene, 1,3-propylene, 1,2-butylene, 1 ,4-butylene, and mixtures thereof.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention compnses from 1 to 3 units wherein R 3 is 1,2-propylene, 1,3-propylene, or mixtures thereof followed by the balance of the R 3 units comp ⁇ smg ethylene units.
  • Another preferred embodiment compnses R 3 units which are randomly ethylene and 1,2-propylene units.
  • the average value of the mdex m is at least about 0.01.
  • the surfactant system compnses mostly alkyl sulfates with a small amount of alkyl alkoxy sulfate surfactant. Some tertiary carbon atoms may be present in the alkyl chain, however, this embodiment is not desired.
  • M denotes a cation, preferably hydrogen, a water soluble cation, and mixtures thereof.
  • water soluble cations include sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, alkyl ammonium, and mixtures thereof
  • the detergent compositions herein may also comprise from about 0.1% to 80% by weight of a detergent builder.
  • a detergent builder Preferably such compositions in liquid form will comprise from about 1% to 10% by weight of the builder component.
  • Preferably such compositions in granular form will comprise from about 1% to 50% by weight of the builder component.
  • Detergent builders are well known in the art and can comprise, for example, phosphate salts as well as various organic and inorganic nonphosphorus builders.
  • Water-soluble, nonphosphorus organic builders useful herein include the vanous alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates and polyhydroxy sulfonates.
  • Suitable polycarboxylates for use herein are the polyacetal carboxylates desc ⁇ bed m U.S. Patent 4,144,226, issued March 13, 1979 to Crutchfield et al., and U.S. Patent 4,246,495, issued March 27, 1979 to Crutchfield et al , both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Particularly preferred polycarboxylate builders are the oxydisuccmates and the ether carboxylate builder compositions compnsmg a combination of tartrate monosuccmate and tartrate disuccinate desc ⁇ bed in U.S Patent 4,663,071, Bush et al., issued May 5, 1987, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • nonphosphoms, inorganic builders include the silicates, aluminosilicates, borates and carbonates. Particularly preferred are sodium and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, tetraborate decahydrate, and silicates havmg a weight ratio of S1O2 to alkali metal oxide of from about 0.5 to about 4.0, preferably from about 1.0 to about 2.4. Also preferred are aluminosilicates including zeolites. Such mate ⁇ als and their use as detergent builders are more fully discussed in Corkill et al., U. S. Patent No. 4,605,509, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Also discussed m U. S. Patent No. 4,605,509 are crystallme layered silicates which are suitable for use m the detergent compositions of this mvention.
  • builders and dye maintenance polymers of the detergent compositions of the present invention can also include any number of additional optional ingredients.
  • additional optional ingredients include conventional detergent composition components such as enzymes and enzyme stabilizing agents, suds boosters or suds suppressers, anti-tarnish and anticorrosion agents, bleaching agents, soil suspending agents, soil release agents, germicides, pH adjusting agents, non-builder alkalinity sources, chelatmg agents, organic and inorganic fillers, solvents, hydrotropes, optical b ⁇ ghteners, dyes and perfumes.
  • pH adjusting agents may be necessary m certain applications where the pH of the wash solution is greater than about 10.0 because the fabric integrity benefits of the defined compositions begin to dimmish at a higher pH.
  • a pH adjuster should be used to reduce the pH of the washing solution to below about 10.0, preferably to a pH of below about 9.5 and most preferably below about 7.5.
  • Suitable pH adjusters will be known to those skilled m the art
  • a preferred optional ingredients for incorporation into the detergent compositions herein comprises a bleaching agent, e g , a peroxygen bleach
  • a bleaching agent e g
  • peroxygen bleaching agents may be organic or inorganic in nature
  • Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents are frequently utilized in combination with a bleach activator
  • Useful organic peroxygen bleaching agents include percarboxy c acid bleaching agents and salts thereof. Suitable examples of this class of agents include magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydrate, the magnesium salt of metachloro perbenzoic acid, 4- nonylammo-4-oxoperoxybutync acid and d ⁇ eroxydodecanedioic acid.
  • Such bleaching agents are disclosed m U.S. Patent 4,483,781, Hartman, Issued November 20, 1984; European Patent Application EP-A-133,354, Banks et al., Published Febmary 20, 1985; and U.S. Patent 4,412,934, Chung et al., Issued November 1, 1983.
  • Highly preferred bleaching agents also include 6- nonylammo-6-oxoperoxycapro ⁇ c acid (NAPAA) as descnbed in U.S. Patent 4,634,551, Issued January 6, 1987 to Bums et al.
  • NAPAA 6- nonylammo-6-oxoper
  • Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents may also be used, generally in particulate form, in the detergent compositions herein.
  • Inorganic bleaching agents are m fact preferred.
  • Such inorganic peroxygen compounds include alkali metal perborate and percarbonate mate ⁇ als.
  • sodium perborate e.g. mono- or tetra-hydrate
  • Suitable inorganic bleachmg agents can also mclude sodium or potassium carbonate peroxyhydrate and equivalent "percarbonate" bleaches, sodium pyrophosphate peroxyhydrate, urea peroxyhydrate, and sodium peroxide.
  • Persulfate bleach e.g., OXONE, manufactured commercially by DuPont
  • OXONE manufactured commercially by DuPont
  • inorganic peroxygen bleaches will be coated with silicate, borate, sulfate or water-soluble surfactants.
  • coated percarbonate particles are available from vanous commercial sources such as FMC, Solvay Interox, Tokai Denka and Degussa.
  • Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents e.g., the perborates, the percarbonates, etc.
  • bleach activators which lead to the in situ production m aqueous solution (i.e., du ⁇ ng use of the compositions herein for fabric laundermg/bleachmg) of the peroxy acid corresponding to the bleach activator.
  • m aqueous solution i.e., du ⁇ ng use of the compositions herein for fabric laundermg/bleachmg
  • activators are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,915,854, Issued April 10, 1990 to Mao et al.; and U.S. Patent 4,412,934 Issued November 1, 1983 to Chung et al.
  • nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate (NOBS) and tetraacetyl ethylene diamme (TAED) activators are typical and preferred. Mixtures thereof can also be used. See also the hereinbefore referenced U.S. 4,634,551 for other typical bleaches and activators useful herein
  • R 1 N(R 5 )C(O)R 2 C(0)L or R 1 C(O)N(R 5 )R 2 C(O)L wherein R! IS an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkylene containing from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, R ⁇ is H or alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and L is any suitable leaving group.
  • a leaving group is any group that is displaced from the bleach activator as a consequence of the nucleophi c attack on the bleach activator by the perhydrolysis amon.
  • a preferred leaving group is phenol sulfonate.
  • bleach activators of the above formulae include (6- octanam ⁇ do-caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-nonanam ⁇ docaproyl) oxybenzene-sul-fonate, (6- decanam ⁇ do-caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate and mixtures thereof as described the hereinbefore referenced U.S. Patent 4,634,551
  • Another class of useful bleach activators compnses the benzoxazm-type activators disclosed by Hodge et al. in U.S. Patent 4,966, 723, Issued October 30, 1990, incorporated herein by reference. See also U.S. Patent 4,545,784, Issued to Sanderson, October 8, 1985, incorporated herein by reference, which discloses acyl caprolactams, mcludmg benzoyl caprolactam, adsorbed into sodium perborate.
  • peroxygen bleachmg agent will generally compnse from about 2% to 30% by weight of the detergent compositions herein. More preferably, peroxygen bleachmg agent will comp ⁇ se from about 2% to 20% by weight of the compositions. Most preferably, peroxygen bleaching agent will be present to the extent of from about 3% to 15% by weight of the compositions herein. If utilized, bleach activators can comp ⁇ se from about 2% to 10% by weight of the detergent compositions herein. Frequently, activators are employed such that the molar ratio of bleachmg agent to activator ranges from about 1:1 to 10:1, more preferably from about 1.5:1 to 5:1.
  • a detersive enzyme component Another highly preferred optional ingredient in the detergent compositions herem is a detersive enzyme component.
  • Enzymes can be included in the present detergent compositions for a va ⁇ ety of purposes, including removal of protem-based, carbohydrate-based, or tnglyce ⁇ de-based stains from substrates, for the prevention of refugee dye transfer in fabric launde ⁇ ng, and for fabric restoration Suitable enzymes include proteases, amylases, hpases, cellulases, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast ongm Preferred selections are influenced by factors such as pH- activity and/or stability, optimal thermostabihty, and stability to active detergents, builders and the like. In this respect bacterial or fungal enzymes are preferred, such as bacterial amylases and proteases, and fungal cellulases
  • Detersive enzyme means any enzyme having a cleaning, stain removing or otherwise beneficial effect in a laundry detergent composition
  • Preferred enzymes for laundry purposes include, but are not limited to, proteases, cellulases, hpases, amylases and peroxidases.
  • Enzymes are normally incorporated into detergent compositions at levels sufficient to provide a "cleaning-effective amount".
  • cleaning-effective amount refers to any amount capable of producing a cleaning, stain removal, soil removal, whitening, deodorizing, or freshness improving effect on substrates such as fabrics.
  • typical amounts are up to about 5 mg by weight, more typically 0.01 mg to 3 mg, of active enzyme per gram of the detergent composition.
  • the compositions herein will typically comp ⁇ se from 0.001% to 5%, preferably 0.01%-1% by weight of a commercial enzyme preparation
  • Protease enzymes are usually present m such commercial preparations at levels sufficient to provide from 0.005 to 0.1 Anson units (AU) of activity per gram of composition. Higher active levels may be desirable m highly concentrated detergent formulations.
  • Cellulases usable herein include those disclosed m U.S. Patent No. 4,435,307, Barbesgoard et al., March 6, 1984, and GB-A-2.075.028; GB-A-2.095.275 and DE-OS-
  • the enzyme-containing compositions herein may optionally also comp ⁇ se from about 0.001% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 8%, most preferably from about 0.01% to about 6%, by weight of an enzyme stabilizing system.
  • the enzyme stabilizmg system can be any stabilizmg system which is compatible with the detersive enzyme. Such a system may be mherently provided by other formulation actives, or be added separately, e.g., by the formulator or by a manufacturer of detergent-ready enzymes.
  • Such stabilizing systems can, for example, comp ⁇ se calcium ion, bone acid, propylene glycol, short chain carboxy c acids, boronic acids, and mixtures thereof, and are designed to address different stabilization problems depending on the type and physical form of the detergent composition.
  • the detergent compositions according to the present invention can be m liquid, paste or granular form. Such compositions can be prepared by combining the essential and optional components in the requisite concentrations in any suitable order and by any conventional means.
  • the forgoing description of uses for the dye maintenance polymers defined herein are intended to be exemplary and other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention
  • Granular compositions are generally made by combining base granule ingredients, e.g., surfactants, builders, water, etc., as a slurry, and spray drying the resulting slurry to a low level of residual moisture (5-12%)
  • base granule ingredients e.g., surfactants, builders, water, etc.
  • the remaining dry ingredients e.g., granules of the essential dye maintenance polymers
  • the liquid ingredients e.g., solutions of the essential dye maintenance polymers, enzymes, binders and perfumes, can be sprayed onto the resulting granules to form the finished detergent composition.
  • Granular compositions according to the present invention can also be m "compact form", 1 e they may have a relatively higher density than conventional granular detergents, i.e from 550 to 950 g/1. In such case, the granular detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of "inorganic filler salt", compared to conventional granular detergents; typical filler salts are alkaline earth metal salts of sulphates and chlorides, typically sodium sulphate; "compact" detergents typically comprise not more than 10% filler salt.
  • Liquid detergent compositions can be prepared by admixing the essential and optional ingredients thereof in any desired order to provide compositions containing components in the requisite concentrations.
  • Liquid compositions according to the present invention can also be in "compact form", in such case, the liquid detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of water, compared to conventional liquid detergents. Addition of the dye maintenance polymers to liquid detergent or other aqueous compositions of this invention may be accomplished by simply mixing into the liquid solutions the desired dye maintenance polymers.
  • the present invention also provides a method for laundering fabrics in a manner which imparts fabric appearance benefits provided by the dye maintenance polymers used herein.
  • Such a method employs contacting these fabrics with an aqueous washing solution formed from an effective amount of the detergent compositions hereinbefore described or formed from the individual components of such compositions. Contacting of fabrics with washing solution will generally occur under conditions of agitation although the compositions of the present invention may also be used to form aqueous unagitated soaking solutions for fabric cleaning and treatment.
  • the washing solution have a pH of less than about 10.0, preferably it has a pH of about 9.5 and most preferably it has a pH of about 7.5.
  • Agitation is preferably provided in a washing machine for good cleaning. Washing is preferably followed by drying the wet fabric in a conventional clothes dryer.
  • An effective amount of a high density liquid or granular detergent composition in the aqueous wash solution in the washing machine is preferably from about 500 to about 7000 ppm, more preferably from about 1000 to about 3000 ppm.
  • EXAMPLE I TABLE I comprises numerous examples according to the present invention along with some comparative examples of material known to the art of laundry detergents.
  • the chemical stmctures shown in the examples below are idealized structures. Side reactions expected to occur during the condensation are not shown.

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PCT/US2000/008031 1999-03-25 2000-03-24 Laundry detergent compositions with certain cationically charged dye maintenance polymers WO2000056849A1 (en)

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US09/914,524 US6733538B1 (en) 1999-03-25 2000-03-24 Laundry detergent compositions with certain cationically charged dye maintenance polymers
JP2000606708A JP2002540250A (ja) 1999-03-25 2000-03-24 特定の陽荷電染料維持重合体を有する洗濯洗剤組成物
CA002365303A CA2365303C (en) 1999-03-25 2000-03-24 Laundry detergent compositions with certain cationically charged dye maintenance polymers
AU39235/00A AU3923500A (en) 1999-03-25 2000-03-24 Laundry detergent compositions with certain cationically charged dye maintenancepolymers
EP00918422A EP1163320A1 (en) 1999-03-25 2000-03-24 Laundry detergent compositions with certain cationically charged dye maintenance polymers
BR0009279-7A BR0009279A (pt) 1999-03-25 2000-03-24 Composições detergentes de lavanderia comcertos polìmeros de manutenção de tinturacationicamente carregado
MXPA01009728A MXPA01009728A (es) 1999-03-25 2000-03-24 Composiciones detergentes para lavanderia con ciertos polimeros de conservacion de colorante cargados cationicamente.

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US60/126,072 1999-03-25

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DE60020091D1 (de) 2005-06-16
AR023155A1 (es) 2002-09-04
CN1280391C (zh) 2006-10-18
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AU3923400A (en) 2000-10-09
WO2000056848A1 (en) 2000-09-28
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CN1351644A (zh) 2002-05-29
AR023156A1 (es) 2002-09-04
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AU3923500A (en) 2000-10-09
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