WO2000048818A1 - Method and device for transferring containers - Google Patents

Method and device for transferring containers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000048818A1
WO2000048818A1 PCT/DE2000/000142 DE0000142W WO0048818A1 WO 2000048818 A1 WO2000048818 A1 WO 2000048818A1 DE 0000142 W DE0000142 W DE 0000142W WO 0048818 A1 WO0048818 A1 WO 0048818A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
containers
rotation
wheel
axis
blow molding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2000/000142
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Julian Choinski
Original Assignee
Krupp Corpoplast Maschinenbau Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Corpoplast Maschinenbau Gmbh filed Critical Krupp Corpoplast Maschinenbau Gmbh
Priority to AU31437/00A priority Critical patent/AU3143700A/en
Publication of WO2000048818A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000048818A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
    • B65G47/84—Star-shaped wheels or devices having endless travelling belts or chains, the wheels or devices being equipped with article-engaging elements
    • B65G47/846—Star-shaped wheels or wheels equipped with article-engaging elements
    • B65G47/847—Star-shaped wheels or wheels equipped with article-engaging elements the article-engaging elements being grippers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
    • B29C49/42069—Means explicitly adapted for transporting blown article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/28—Blow-moulding apparatus
    • B29C49/30—Blow-moulding apparatus having movable moulds or mould parts
    • B29C49/36—Blow-moulding apparatus having movable moulds or mould parts rotatable about one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
    • B29C49/42093—Transporting apparatus, e.g. slides, wheels or conveyors
    • B29C49/42105—Transporting apparatus, e.g. slides, wheels or conveyors for discontinuous or batch transport
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/48—Moulds
    • B29C49/48185—Moulds with more than one separate mould cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
    • B29C49/6835—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons using reflectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/02—Articles
    • B65G2201/0235—Containers
    • B65G2201/0244—Bottles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transferring containers following blow molding of the containers from a thermoplastic material, in which preforms are fed to at least one heating device for temperature control and at least one blow molding station for blow molding, and in which the blown containers are fed from a dispensing wheel Output route with at least two separate transport routes are fed.
  • the invention also relates to a device for transferring containers following blow molding of the containers from a thermoplastic material, in which a heating device for tempering preforms and a blowing device with at least one ner blowing station is used, with an output wheel being provided for the transfer of the containers, which can be arranged in the transport direction of the containers between the blowing station and an output section with at least two mutually parallel transport paths.
  • Such methods and devices are used to transport containers after they have been produced from preforms made of a thermoplastic material, for example preforms made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), within a blow molding machine.
  • a blowing machine has a heating device and a blowing device, in the area of which the pre-tempered preform is expanded into a container by biaxial orientation. The expansion takes place with the aid of compressed air which is introduced into the preform to be expanded.
  • the procedural sequence for such an expansion of the preform is explained in DE-OS 43 40 291.
  • the preforms and the blown containers can be transported within the blow molding device with the aid of different handling devices.
  • the use of transport mandrels on which the preforms are attached has proven particularly useful.
  • the preforms can also be used with other carriers. directions are handled. The use of gripping tongs for handling preforms is described, for example, in FR-OS 27 20 679. An expanding mandrel that can be inserted into a mouth area of the preform for holding purposes is explained in WO 95 33 616.
  • the handling of the preforms takes place on the one hand in the so-called two-stage process, in which the preforms are first produced in an injection molding process, then stored temporarily and only later conditioned in terms of their temperature and blown into a container.
  • the preforms are suitably tempered and then inflated immediately after their injection molding manufacture and sufficient solidification.
  • blowing stations which are arranged on rotating transport wheels, a book-like opening of the mold carriers can often be found.
  • stationary blow molding stations which are particularly suitable for accommodating a plurality of cavities for forming containers, plates which are arranged parallel to one another are typically used as mold carriers.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to improve a method of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that the blown containers can be handled with high reliability and high speed in the region of the discharge wheel.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the containers are fed to the dispensing wheel one after the other in the circumferential direction of the dispensing wheel and in that the containers are introduced into the dispensing path after A pivoting movement in the radial direction relative to a center point of the dispensing wheel essentially takes place with containers arranged next to one another.
  • Another object of the present invention is to construct a device of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that both a transfer of the containers to the dispensing wheel and a dispensing of the containers in a changed position to the dispensing section can take place at high speed.
  • the dispensing wheel has at least one holding element for simultaneously holding at least two blown containers and that the holding element is arranged such that it can be changed in position relative to the dispensing wheel in such a way that receptacles of the holding element for the containers when the containers are input in the circumferential direction of the dispensing wheel are arranged one behind the other and when the containers are dispensed in the circumferential direction.
  • the proposed handling also has the advantage that with a closed circulation path for transport elements which hold the preforms and the blown containers in the area of the heating device or in the area of the blowing device, the simplest possible courses of the individual sections of the circulation path and the simplest possible handling the transitions from one processing station to another are supported.
  • This type of handling has considerable advantages, in particular when two or more preforms or containers are simultaneously fixed by a common transport device.
  • a trouble-free and reproducible positioning can be carried out by the fact that the pivoting movement is carried out under cam control.
  • a decoupling of the movement processes can be achieved by first performing the rotation about the vertical axis of rotation and then the rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation.
  • An effective and at the same time gentle fixation of the containers in the area of the dispensing wheel can be achieved in that the containers are held in the area of the dispensing wheel by the action of negative pressure.
  • transfer processes can be facilitated in that the containers are transferred to the dispensing wheel while carrying out a lifting movement.
  • the holding element be arranged below the container after the rotary movement has been carried out about the base axis of rotation by approximately 90 ° in the vertical direction.
  • a favorable division of the movement path of the holding elements along the circumference of the dispensing wheel can take place in that the holding element is arranged in a transfer area in the direction of rotation of the dispensing wheel at least in some areas in front of the base.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overview of a device for blow molding containers, which has a heating device, a rotating blowing wheel provided with blowing stations and various transfer devices,
  • Fig. 3 an enlarged view of the output wheel with assigned double track output section.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic construction of a blowing machine, which is equipped with a rotating blowing wheel (1) and a heating device (2) for preforms to be tempered.
  • Blow stations (3) are arranged along a circumference of the blowing wheel (1), each of which has mold carriers (4, 5).
  • the mold carriers (4, 5) are held by support arms (6, 7) and are used to position mold elements, typically mold halves (8, 9).
  • the support arms (6, 7) are rotatably mounted relative to the basic pivot bearings (10, 11).
  • the support arms (6, 7) are rotatably coupled to the mold carriers (4, 5) via swivel bearings (12, 13).
  • the blowing wheel (1) rotates relative to a blowing wheel axis (14) and the base pivot bearings (10, 11) are arranged facing the blowing wheel axis (14) in the radial direction.
  • the basic pivot bearings (10, 11) have a bearing spacing (15) relative to one another.
  • the heating device (2) is provided with a transport chain (18) which transports the preforms to be heated along heating elements (16).
  • the heating elements (16) can be designed, for example, as IR emitters. However, it is also possible to provide radiators operating in other frequency ranges or a convection heater.
  • the heating elements (16) are arranged on one side along the transport path of the preforms and reflectors (17) are provided opposite the heating elements (16). Basically, an arrangement of heating elements (16) on both sides can also be realized.
  • the preforms are held by carrying devices (19).
  • the carrying devices (19) can be designed, for example, as transport mandrels onto which the preforms are attached. It is also conceivable to provide the preforms with pliers or expanding mandrels.
  • support devices (19) are used, each of which holds two preforms simultaneously.
  • the preforms can be entered in such a way that the preforms are first fed along a transport rail (20), in the area of which the preforms are arranged with their mouths upwards, to a turning device (21) which rotates the preforms with their mouths downwards and passes to an input wheel (22).
  • the input wheel (22) is coupled to the heating device (2) by transfer wheels (23, 24).
  • the heating device (2) is coupled to the blowing wheel (1) by a transfer wheel (25), and containers which have been blown in the vicinity of the blowing stations (3) are transferred from the blowing wheel (1) to a removal wheel (26).
  • the removal wheel (26) is coupled via the transfer wheel (23) to an output wheel (27) which transfers the blown containers (28) into the area of an output section (29).
  • An expedient change in the spatial orientation of the blown containers (28) can be carried out in the area of the discharge wheel (27).
  • blowers in the area of the heating device (2) in addition to the heating elements (16), which direct cooling air into the area of the preforms.
  • blowers in the area of the heating device (2) in addition to the heating elements (16), which direct cooling air into the area of the preforms.
  • special process steps for heating and Orientation of the preforms are observed.
  • advantageous effects can be achieved by adhering to special dimensioning regulations.
  • thermoplastic material can be used as the thermoplastic material.
  • PET PET, PEN or PP can be used.
  • the preform is expanded during the orientation process by compressed air supply.
  • the compressed air supply is divided into a pre-blowing phase in which gas, for example compressed air, is supplied at a low pressure level and a subsequent main blowing phase in which gas is supplied at a higher pressure level.
  • Compressed air with a pressure in the interval from 10 bar to 25 bar is typically used during the pre-blowing phase and compressed air with a pressure in the interval from 25 bar to 40 bar is fed in during the main blowing phase.
  • Fig. 2 shows the blowing station (3) in an enlarged view and with additional details.
  • the blowing station is open according to this illustration, so that preforms can be fed in before the blowing process is carried out or finished containers (28) can be removed after the blowing process has ended.
  • the blowing station (3) is provided with two cavities (30, 31) in order to be able to produce two containers (28) at the same time.
  • the cavities (30, 31) are arranged one behind the other in the radial direction with respect to the blowing wheel axis (14). In principle, it is conceivable to provide more than two cavities (30, 31) per blowing station (3).
  • each cavity (30, 31) is assigned separate mold halves (8, 9) which are separated from one another.
  • the multi-part design makes production cheaper by using a larger number of simpler parts and facilitates any adjustment work that may be required.
  • the mold carriers (4, 5) are provided with locking devices (32, 33).
  • the locking devices (32, 33) can for example be designed as projecting segments which have bores (34) for receiving locking bolts.
  • locking devices (32.) are to be provided both in the area of the mold carrier (4, 5) boundaries facing the base pivot bearings (10, 11) and in the area of the mold carrier (4, 5) boundaries facing away from the base pivot bearings (10, 11) , 33) positioned.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the output wheel (27) and the assigned areas of the gaberades (23) and the output section (29).
  • the turning device (21) and the input wheel (22) are also shown.
  • two containers (28) are held one behind the other in the direction of movement by a common support device (19).
  • the containers (28) are transferred from the carrying device (19) to holding elements (37) of the delivery wheel (27) in a transfer area (36).
  • the containers (28) can be fixed in the region of the holding elements (37), for example, by the action of negative pressure.
  • the containers (28) can, for example, be plugged on in the area of the carrying device (19). In the case of such a mounting concept, the containers (28) are lifted off the carrying devices (19) in the transfer area (36). However, it is also conceivable to hold the containers (28) in the area of the carrying devices (19) of pliers or other types of clamping elements.
  • bases (38) are provided for the holding elements (37), which are connected to the holding elements (37) via swivel joints (39).
  • Rotational axes (40) of the rotary joints (39) extend essentially parallel to an axis of rotation (41) of the dispensing wheel (27).
  • the holding elements (37) are provided with positioning levers (42) which carry cam rollers (43).
  • the cam rollers (43) are guided in cam tracks (not shown) and specify the respective pivoting movements of the holding elements (37) relative to the bases (38).
  • the holding elements (37) are arranged to lead in the direction of movement relative to the bases (38).
  • the containers (28) are initially positioned one behind the other in the circumferential direction of the dispensing wheel (27).
  • the positioning levers (42) predefine a pivoting movement of the holding elements (37) relative to the axes of rotation (40).
  • the pivoting movement is carried out until a connecting line of the containers (28) is oriented essentially in the radial direction on the axis of rotation (41).
  • the base (38) can be constructed in several parts, the base elements being connected to one another by a base axis of rotation (46) which extends essentially in the radial direction relative to the axis of rotation (40) of the dispensing wheel (27).
  • the containers can be converted from a spatial orientation in the area of the transfer wheel (23) with a mouth area downwards into a spatial orientation with a mouth area upwards.
  • Such an orientation is advantageous in the area of the output path (29). Due to the leading arrangement of the holding elements (37) in the direction of movement relative to the bases (38) in the transfer area (36), on the one hand the time required for carrying out the position changes until the transfer to the output section (39) is extended, and this is also ensured that the containers (28) are located in the direction of movement in front of the holding elements (37) when they are transferred to the delivery path (29) even after the rotary movement has been carried out by 180 °.
  • the holding elements (37) have rounded, contoured receiving troughs (47) into which the containers (28) can be inserted.
  • the receiving troughs (47) run with their boundary surfaces along part of the circumference of the containers (28).
  • Suction pockets can be arranged in the region of the receiving troughs (47) in order to hold the containers (28) by the action of negative pressure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for transferring containers (28) following blow molding of said containers (28). Said containers (28) consist of a thermoplastic material and are produced from parisons which are fed to at least one heating device (2) for thermally adjusting them and to at least one blow molding device (3) for blow molding them. The blow-molded containers (28) are fed by an output wheel (27) to an output line (29) with at least two separate transport paths. The containers (28) are fed to the output wheel (27) one after the other in the circumferential direction of the output wheel (27). The containers (28) are introduced into the output line (29) once they have been pivoted. Said pivoting movement is carried out in such a manner that the containers (28) are substantially arranged one beside the other in a radial direction relative to the center of the output wheel (27).

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Übergabe von Behältern Method and device for transferring containers
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Übergabe von Behältern im Anschluß an eine Blasformung der Behälter aus einem thermoplastischen Material, bei dem Vorform- linge mindestens einer Heizeinrichtung zur Temperierung und mindestens einer Blasstation zur Blasverformung zugeführt werden, und bei dem die geblasenen Behälter von einem Ausgaberad einer Ausgabestrecke mit mindestens zwei voneinander getrennten Transportwegen zugeführt werden.The invention relates to a method for transferring containers following blow molding of the containers from a thermoplastic material, in which preforms are fed to at least one heating device for temperature control and at least one blow molding station for blow molding, and in which the blown containers are fed from a dispensing wheel Output route with at least two separate transport routes are fed.
Die Erfindung betrifft darüber hinaus eine Vorrichtung zur Übergabe von Behältern im Anschluß an eine Blasformung der Behälter aus einem thermoplastischen Material, bei der eine Heizeinrichtung zur Temperierung von Vorformlingen und eine Blaseinrichtung mit mindestens ei- ner Blasstation verwendet ist, wobei zur Übergabe der Behälter ein Ausgaberad vorgesehen ist, das in Transportrichtung der Behälter zwischen der Blasstation und einer Ausgabestrecke mit mindestens zwei zueinander parallelen Transportwegen anordbar ist.The invention also relates to a device for transferring containers following blow molding of the containers from a thermoplastic material, in which a heating device for tempering preforms and a blowing device with at least one ner blowing station is used, with an output wheel being provided for the transfer of the containers, which can be arranged in the transport direction of the containers between the blowing station and an output section with at least two mutually parallel transport paths.
Derartige Verfahren und Vorrichtungen werden dazu verwendet, um Behälter zu transportieren, nachdem diese ausgehend von Vorformlingen aus einem thermoplastischen Material, beispielsweise Vorformlingen aus PET (Polyethylenterephthalat) , innerhalb einer Blasmaschine hergestellt worden sind. Typischerweise weist eine derartige Blasmaschine eine Heizeinrichtung sowie eine Blaseinrichtung auf, in deren Bereich der zuvor temperierte Vorformling durch biaxiale Orientierung zu einem Behälter expandiert wird. Die Expansion erfolgt mit Hilfe von Druckluft, die in den zu expandierenden Vorformling eingeleitet wird. Der verfahrenstechnische Ablauf bei einer derartigen Expansion des Vorformlings wird in der DE-OS 43 40 291 erläutert.Such methods and devices are used to transport containers after they have been produced from preforms made of a thermoplastic material, for example preforms made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), within a blow molding machine. Typically, such a blowing machine has a heating device and a blowing device, in the area of which the pre-tempered preform is expanded into a container by biaxial orientation. The expansion takes place with the aid of compressed air which is introduced into the preform to be expanded. The procedural sequence for such an expansion of the preform is explained in DE-OS 43 40 291.
Der grundsätzliche Aufbau einer Blasstation zur Behälterformung wird in der DE-OS 42 12 583 beschrieben. Möglichkeiten zur Temperierung der Vorformlinge werden in DE-OS 23 52 926 erläutert.The basic structure of a blow molding station for container formation is described in DE-OS 42 12 583. Options for tempering the preforms are explained in DE-OS 23 52 926.
Innerhalb der Vorrichtung zur Blasformung können die Vorformlinge sowie die geblasenen Behälter mit Hilfe unterschiedlicher Handhabungseinrichtungen transportiert werden. Bewährt hat sich insbesondere die Verwendung von Transportdornen, auf die die Vorformlinge aufgesteckt werden.The preforms and the blown containers can be transported within the blow molding device with the aid of different handling devices. The use of transport mandrels on which the preforms are attached has proven particularly useful.
Die Vorformlinge können aber auch mit anderen Tragein- richtungen gehandhabt werden. Die Verwendung von Greif- zangen zur Handhabung von Vorformlingen wird beispielsweise in der FR-OS 27 20 679 beschrieben. Ein Spreizdorn, der zur Halterung in einen Mündungsbereich des Vorformlings einführbar ist, wird in der WO 95 33 616 erläutert.The preforms can also be used with other carriers. directions are handled. The use of gripping tongs for handling preforms is described, for example, in FR-OS 27 20 679. An expanding mandrel that can be inserted into a mouth area of the preform for holding purposes is explained in WO 95 33 616.
Die bereits erläuterte Handhabung der Vorformlinge erfolgt zum einen bei den sogenannten Zweistufenverfahren, bei denen die Vorformlinge zunächst in einem Spritzgußverfahren hergestellt, anschließend zwischengelagert und erst später hinsichtlich ihrer Temperatur konditioniert und zu einem Behälter aufgeblasen werden. Zum anderen erfolgt eine Anwendung bei den sogenannten Einstufenverfahren, bei denen die Vorformlinge unmittelbar nach ihrer spritzgußtechnischen Herstellung und einer ausreichenden Verfestigung geeignet temperiert und anschließend aufgeblasen werden.The handling of the preforms, which has already been explained, takes place on the one hand in the so-called two-stage process, in which the preforms are first produced in an injection molding process, then stored temporarily and only later conditioned in terms of their temperature and blown into a container. On the other hand, it is used in the so-called one-step process, in which the preforms are suitably tempered and then inflated immediately after their injection molding manufacture and sufficient solidification.
Im Hinblick auf die verwendeten Blasstationen sind unterschiedliche Ausführungsformen bekannt. Bei Blasstationen, die auf rotierenden Transporträdern angeordnet sind, ist eine buchartige Aufklappbarkeit der Formträger häufig anzutreffen. Bei ortsfesten Blasstationen, die insbesondere dafür geeignet sind, mehrere Kavitäten zur Behälterformung aufzunehmen, werden typischerweise parallel zueinander angeordnete Platten als Formträger verwendet .Different embodiments are known with regard to the blowing stations used. In the case of blowing stations which are arranged on rotating transport wheels, a book-like opening of the mold carriers can often be found. In the case of stationary blow molding stations, which are particularly suitable for accommodating a plurality of cavities for forming containers, plates which are arranged parallel to one another are typically used as mold carriers.
Überwiegend wird im Bereich einer Blasstation zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt jeweils ein Behälter geblasen. Insbesondere bei der Fertigung von kleinen Behältern kann es jedoch vorteilhaft sein, gleichzeitig zwei oder mehr Vorformlinge in einer Blasstation zu einem Behäl- ter aufzublasen. Eine derartige Verfahrensweise wird beispielsweise in der WO-PCT 95/05933 sowie der WO-PCT 96/26826 beschrieben. Auch im Bereich der sogenannten Einstufenverfahren sowie beim Extrusionsblasen ist die gleichzeitige Expansion mehrerer Vorformlinge im Zusammenhang mit rotierenden Blasrädern bereits bekannt . Bei Blasmaschinen mit stationär angeordneten Blasformen wird die überwiegende Zahl der Maschinen mit Blasstationen ausgerüstet, die Mehrfachkavitäten aufweisen.Mostly one container is blown in the area of a blowing station at a certain point in time. However, especially when manufacturing small containers, it can be advantageous to simultaneously combine two or more preforms in one blow molding station to form one container. inflate ter. Such a procedure is described for example in WO-PCT 95/05933 and WO-PCT 96/26826. The simultaneous expansion of several preforms in connection with rotating blowing wheels is also already known in the area of the so-called one-step process and in extrusion blow molding. In blow molding machines with stationary blow molds, the majority of the machines are equipped with blow molding stations that have multiple cavities.
Unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten zur Eingabe einer Mehrzahl von Vorformlingen in eine Blasstation mit mehrer- ren Kavitäten sowie zur Entnahme einer Mehrzahl von geblasenden Behältern aus derartigen Blasstationen werden in der DE-OS 198 10 238 erläutert.Different possibilities for entering a plurality of preforms into a blow molding station with several cavities and for removing a plurality of blown containers from such blow molding stations are explained in DE-OS 198 10 238.
Die bisherigen Verfahren und Vorrichtungen können bei einer gleichzeitigen Beschickung mehrerer Ausgabestrek- ken mit geblasenen Behältern bei hohen Transportgeschwindigkeiten noch nicht alle Anforderungen erfüllen, die sowohl an einen einfachen konstruktiven Aufbau als auch an eine geringe Störungsanfälligkeit gestellt werden.The previous methods and devices cannot yet meet all the requirements that are placed on a simple structural design as well as a low susceptibility to malfunctions when a plurality of output lines are blown with containers at high transport speeds.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren der einleitend genannten Art derart zu verbessern, daß im Bereich des Ausgaberades eine Handhabung der geblasenen Behälter mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit sowie hoher Geschwindigkeit erfolgen kann.The object of the present invention is therefore to improve a method of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that the blown containers can be handled with high reliability and high speed in the region of the discharge wheel.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Behälter dem Ausgaberad in Umfangsrichtung des Ausgaberades hintereinander zugeführt werden und daß eine Einleitung der Behälter in die Ausgabestrecke nach Durchführung einer Schwenkbewegung in radialer Richtung relativ zu einem Mittelpunkt des Ausgaberades im wesentlichen mit nebeneinander angeordneten Behältern erfolgt.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the containers are fed to the dispensing wheel one after the other in the circumferential direction of the dispensing wheel and in that the containers are introduced into the dispensing path after A pivoting movement in the radial direction relative to a center point of the dispensing wheel essentially takes place with containers arranged next to one another.
Weitere Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der einleitend genannten Art derart zu konstruieren, daß sowohl eine Übergabe der Behälter zum Ausgaberad als auch eine Abgabe der Behälter in geänderter Positionierung zur Ausgabestrecke mit hoher Geschwindigkeit erfolgen kann.Another object of the present invention is to construct a device of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that both a transfer of the containers to the dispensing wheel and a dispensing of the containers in a changed position to the dispensing section can take place at high speed.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Ausgaberad mindestens ein Halteelement zur gleichzeitigen Halterung von mindestens zwei geblasenen Behältern aufweist und daß das Halteelement relativ zum Ausgaberad derart positionsveränderlich angeordnet ist, daß Aufnahmen des Halteelementes für die Behälter bei einer Eingabe der Behälter in ümfangsrichtung des Ausgaberades hintereinander und bei einer Abgabe der Behälter in Ümfangsrichtung nebeneinander angeordnet sind.This object is achieved in that the dispensing wheel has at least one holding element for simultaneously holding at least two blown containers and that the holding element is arranged such that it can be changed in position relative to the dispensing wheel in such a way that receptacles of the holding element for the containers when the containers are input in the circumferential direction of the dispensing wheel are arranged one behind the other and when the containers are dispensed in the circumferential direction.
Aufgrund der Durchführung einer Schwenkbewegung der Halteelemente für die Behälter im Bereich des Ausgaberades ist es möglich, für die Behälter während der Handhabung vor einer Übergabe zum Ausgaberad eine relativ einfache Kinematik vorzugeben und die erforderlichen Änderungen in der räumlichen Orientierung der Behälter erst im Bereich des Ausgaberades vorzunehmen. Die Durchführung der Änderung der räumlichen Orientierung erst im Bereich des Ausgaberades hat insbesondere den Vorteil, daß die geblasenen Behälter zwischen ihrer Entnahme aus den Blasstationen und vor der Durchführung von Schwenkbewegungen bereits eine gewisse Abkühlzeit durchlaufen haben und hierdurch hinsichtlich ihrer Formstabilität mechanisch stärker belastbar sind.Due to the pivoting movement of the holding elements for the containers in the area of the dispensing wheel, it is possible to specify a relatively simple kinematics for the containers during handling prior to transfer to the dispensing wheel and to make the necessary changes in the spatial orientation of the containers only in the area of the dispensing wheel . Carrying out the change in spatial orientation only in the area of the dispensing wheel has the particular advantage that the blown containers between their removal from the blow molding stations and before they are carried out have already gone through a certain cooling time from pivoting movements and are therefore mechanically more resilient with regard to their dimensional stability.
Die vorgeschlagene Handhabung hat darüber hinaus den Vorteil, daß bei einem geschlossenen Umlaufweg für Transportelemente, die die Vorformlinge und die geblasenen Behälter im Bereich der Heizeinrichtung bzw. im Bereich der Blaseinrichtung haltern, möglichst einfache Verläufe der einzelnen Teilbereiche des Umlaufweges sowie eine möglichst einfache Handhabung bei den Übergängen von einer Bearbeitungsstation zur anderen unterstützt werden. Eine derartige Handhabung hat insbesondere auch bei einer gleichzeitigen Fixierung von zwei oder mehr Vorformlingen bzw. Behältern durch eine gemeinsame Transporteinrichtung erhebliche Vorteile.The proposed handling also has the advantage that with a closed circulation path for transport elements which hold the preforms and the blown containers in the area of the heating device or in the area of the blowing device, the simplest possible courses of the individual sections of the circulation path and the simplest possible handling the transitions from one processing station to another are supported. This type of handling has considerable advantages, in particular when two or more preforms or containers are simultaneously fixed by a common transport device.
Eine störungssichere und reproduzierbare Positionierung kann dadurch ausgeführt werden, daß die Schwenkbewegung kurvengesteuert durchgeführt wird.A trouble-free and reproducible positioning can be carried out by the fact that the pivoting movement is carried out under cam control.
Weitere Möglichkeiten zur Vorgabe einer räumlichen Positionierung der Behälter werden dadurch bereitgestellt, daß zusätzlich zur Drehung der Behälter relativ zu einer im wesentlichen vertikalen Drehachse eine Drehung der Behälter um eine im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufende Drehachse erfolgt.Further possibilities for specifying a spatial positioning of the containers are provided in that, in addition to the rotation of the containers relative to an essentially vertical axis of rotation, the containers are rotated about an essentially horizontal axis of rotation.
Bei einer Handhabung mit ihren Mündungen in vertikaler Richtung nach unten geblasener Behälter erweist es sich insbesondere als zweckmäßig, daß die Behälter in vertikaler Richtung um etwa 180° gedreht werden. Auch bei der Durchführung dieser Drehbewegung erweist es sich zur Gewährleistung einer exakten Reproduzierbarkeit als zweckmäßig, daß die zusätzliche Drehung der Behälter kurvengesteuert durchgeführt wird.When handling containers with their mouths blown downwards in the vertical direction, it proves particularly expedient for the containers to be rotated in the vertical direction by approximately 180 °. When carrying out this rotary movement, it proves to be expedient to ensure exact reproducibility that the additional rotation of the containers is carried out under cam control.
Eine Entkopplung der Bewegungsvorgänge kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß zuerst die Drehung um die vertikale Drehachse und anschließend die Drehung um die horizontale Drehachse durchgeführt wird.A decoupling of the movement processes can be achieved by first performing the rotation about the vertical axis of rotation and then the rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation.
Zur Verkürzung des erforderlichen Positionierweges ist es auch möglich, daß sich die horizontale Drehbewegung und die vertikale Drehbewegung der Behälter bereichs- weise zeitlich überlagern, wobei die Drehung um die horizontale Drehachse zeitverzögert relativ zum Beginn der vertikalen Drehbewegung begonnen wird.In order to shorten the required positioning path, it is also possible for the horizontal rotary movement and the vertical rotary movement of the containers to overlap in time, the rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation being started with a time delay relative to the start of the vertical rotary movement.
Eine wirkungsvolle und zugleich schonende Fixierung der Behälter im Bereich des Ausgaberades kann dadurch erfolgen, daß die Behälter im Bereich des Ausgaberades durch Unterdruckeinwirkung gehaltert werden.An effective and at the same time gentle fixation of the containers in the area of the dispensing wheel can be achieved in that the containers are held in the area of the dispensing wheel by the action of negative pressure.
Bei einem Transport der Vorformlinge und Behälter auf Trageinrichtungen können Übergabevorgänge dadurch erleichtert werden, daß die Behälter unter Durchführung einer Hubbewegung an das Ausgaberad übergeben werden.When the preforms and containers are transported on carrying devices, transfer processes can be facilitated in that the containers are transferred to the dispensing wheel while carrying out a lifting movement.
Zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden AbStützung der Behälter bei der Durchführung der Schwenkbewegungen wird vorgeschlagen, daß das Halteelement nach einer Durchführung der Drehbewegung um die Sockeldrehachse um etwa 90° in lotrechter Richtung unterhalb der Behälter angeordnet ist . Eine günstige Aufteilung des Bewegungsweges der Halteelemente entlang des Umfanges des Ausgaberades kann dadurch erfolgen, daß das Halteelement in einem Übergabebereich in Drehrichtung des Ausgaberades mindestens bereichsweise vor dem Sockel angeordnet ist .To ensure adequate support of the container when carrying out the pivoting movements, it is proposed that the holding element be arranged below the container after the rotary movement has been carried out about the base axis of rotation by approximately 90 ° in the vertical direction. A favorable division of the movement path of the holding elements along the circumference of the dispensing wheel can take place in that the holding element is arranged in a transfer area in the direction of rotation of the dispensing wheel at least in some areas in front of the base.
In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1: Eine Übersichtsdarstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Blasformung von Behältern, die eine Heizeinrichtung, ein mit Blasstationen versehenes rotierendes Blasrad sowie diverse Übergabeeinrichtungen aufweist,1 shows an overview of a device for blow molding containers, which has a heating device, a rotating blowing wheel provided with blowing stations and various transfer devices,
Fig. 2: eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung einer Blasstation in einem geöffneten Zustand und2: an enlarged schematic representation of a blowing station in an open state and
Fig. 3: eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Ausgaberades mit zugeordneter doppelgleisiger Ausgabestrek- ke.Fig. 3: an enlarged view of the output wheel with assigned double track output section.
Fig. 1 zeigt den grundsätzlichen Aubau einer Blasmaschine, die mit einem rotierenden Blasrad (1) sowie einer Heizeinrichtung (2) für zu temperierende Vorformlinge ausgestattet ist. Entlang eines Umfanges des Blasrades (1) sind Blasstationen (3) angeordnet, die jeweils Formträger (4, 5) aufweisen. Die Formträger (4, 5) sind von Tragarmen (6, 7) gehaltert und dienen zur Positionierung von Formelementen, typischerweise von Formhälften (8, 9) . Die Tragarme (6, 7) sind relativ zu Basisschwenklagern (10, 11) drehbeweglich gelagert. Darüberhinaus sind die Tragarme (6, 7) über Schwenklager (12, 13) drehbeweglich mit den Formträgern (4, 5) gekoppelt.Fig. 1 shows the basic construction of a blowing machine, which is equipped with a rotating blowing wheel (1) and a heating device (2) for preforms to be tempered. Blow stations (3) are arranged along a circumference of the blowing wheel (1), each of which has mold carriers (4, 5). The mold carriers (4, 5) are held by support arms (6, 7) and are used to position mold elements, typically mold halves (8, 9). The support arms (6, 7) are rotatably mounted relative to the basic pivot bearings (10, 11). In addition, the support arms (6, 7) are rotatably coupled to the mold carriers (4, 5) via swivel bearings (12, 13).
Das Blasrad (1) rotiert relativ zu einer Blasradachse (14) und die Basisschwenklager (10, 11) sind in radialer Richtung der Blasradachse (14) zugewandt angeordnet. Die Basisschwenklager (10, 11) weisen relativ zueinander einen Lagerabstand (15) auf.The blowing wheel (1) rotates relative to a blowing wheel axis (14) and the base pivot bearings (10, 11) are arranged facing the blowing wheel axis (14) in the radial direction. The basic pivot bearings (10, 11) have a bearing spacing (15) relative to one another.
Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist die Heizeinrichtung (2) mit einer Transportkette (18) versehen, die die zu erwärmenden Vorformlinge entlang von Heizelementen (16) transportiert. Die Heizelemente (16) können beispielsweise als IR-Strahler ausgebildet sein. Es ist aber ebenfalls möglich, in anderen Frequenzbereichen operierende Strahler oder eine Konvektionshei- zung vorzusehen. Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform sind entlang des Transportweges der Vorformlinge die Heizelemente (16) einseitig angeordnet und den Heizelementen (16) gegenüberliegend sind Reflektoren (17) vorgesehen. Grundsätzlich ist auch eine beidseitige Anordnung von Heizelementen (16) realisierbar.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the heating device (2) is provided with a transport chain (18) which transports the preforms to be heated along heating elements (16). The heating elements (16) can be designed, for example, as IR emitters. However, it is also possible to provide radiators operating in other frequency ranges or a convection heater. In the embodiment shown, the heating elements (16) are arranged on one side along the transport path of the preforms and reflectors (17) are provided opposite the heating elements (16). Basically, an arrangement of heating elements (16) on both sides can also be realized.
Im Bereich der Transportkette (18) sind die Vorformlinge von Trageeinrichtungen (19) gehaltert. Die Trageeinrichtungen (19) können beispielsweise als Transportdorne ausgebildet sein, auf die die Vorformlinge aufgesteckt werden. Ebenfalls ist es denkbar, eine Halterung der Vorformlinge über Zangen oder Spreizdorne vorzusehen. Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform werden Trageinrichtungen (19) verwendet, die jeweils zwei Vorformlinge gleichzeitig haltern. Eine Eingabe der Vorformlinge kann derart erfolgen, daß die Vorformlinge zunächst entlang einer Transportschiene (20) , in deren Bereich die Vorformlinge mit ihren Mündungen nach oben angeordnet sind, einer Wendeeinrichtung (21) zugeführt werden, die die Vorformlinge mit ihren Mündungen nach unten dreht und zu einem Eingaberad (22) übergibt. Das Eingaberad (22) ist durch Übergaberäder (23, 24) mit der Heizeinrichtung (2) gekoppelt. Insbesondere ist daran gedacht, die Vorformlinge bereits im Bereich des dem Eingaberad (22) zugewandten Übergaberades (23) auf die Trageinrichtungen (19) aufzusetzen.In the area of the transport chain (18), the preforms are held by carrying devices (19). The carrying devices (19) can be designed, for example, as transport mandrels onto which the preforms are attached. It is also conceivable to provide the preforms with pliers or expanding mandrels. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, support devices (19) are used, each of which holds two preforms simultaneously. The preforms can be entered in such a way that the preforms are first fed along a transport rail (20), in the area of which the preforms are arranged with their mouths upwards, to a turning device (21) which rotates the preforms with their mouths downwards and passes to an input wheel (22). The input wheel (22) is coupled to the heating device (2) by transfer wheels (23, 24). In particular, it is contemplated to place the preforms on the support devices (19) already in the area of the transfer wheel (23) facing the input wheel (22).
Die Heizeinrichtung (2) ist von einem Übergaberad (25) mit dem Blasrad (1) gekoppelt und im Bereich der Blasstationen (3) fertiggeblasene Behälter werden vom Blasrad (1) zu einem Entnahmerad (26) übergeben. Das Entnahmerad (26) ist über das Übergaberad (23) mit einem Ausgaberad (27) gekoppelt, das die geblasenen Behälter (28) in den Bereich einer Ausgabestrecke (29) überführt. Im Bereich des Ausgaberades (27) kann eine zweckmäßige Änderung der räumlichen Orientierung der geblasenen Behälter (28) durchgeführt werden.The heating device (2) is coupled to the blowing wheel (1) by a transfer wheel (25), and containers which have been blown in the vicinity of the blowing stations (3) are transferred from the blowing wheel (1) to a removal wheel (26). The removal wheel (26) is coupled via the transfer wheel (23) to an output wheel (27) which transfers the blown containers (28) into the area of an output section (29). An expedient change in the spatial orientation of the blown containers (28) can be carried out in the area of the discharge wheel (27).
Zur Ermöglichung einer hohen Wärmeeinbringung in die Vorformlinge ohne Gefahr einer Überhitzung der äußeren Oberfläche ist es möglich, im Bereich der Heizeinrichtung (2) zusätzlich zu den Heizelementen (16) Gebläse anzuordnen, die Kühlluft in den Bereich der Vorformlinge leiten. Beispielsweise ist es möglich, in Transportrichtung der Vorformlinge abwechselnd Heizelemente (16) und Gebläse nacheinander zu positionieren. Um einen Vorformling derart in einen Behälter (28) umformen zu können, daß der Behälter (28) Materialeigenschaften aufweist, die eine lange Verwendungsfähigkeit von innerhalb des Behälters (28) abgefüllten Lebensmitteln, insbesondere von Getränken, gewährleisten, müssen spezielle Verfahrensschritte bei der Beheizung und Orientierung der Vorformlinge eingehalten werden. Darüber hinaus können vorteilhafte Wirkungen durch Einhaltung spezieller Dimensionierungsvorschriften erzielt werden.In order to enable a high heat input into the preforms without risk of overheating of the outer surface, it is possible to arrange blowers in the area of the heating device (2) in addition to the heating elements (16), which direct cooling air into the area of the preforms. For example, it is possible to alternately position heating elements (16) and fans in the transport direction of the preforms. In order to be able to form a preform into a container (28) in such a way that the container (28) has material properties that ensure a long usability of foods filled inside the container (28), in particular beverages, special process steps for heating and Orientation of the preforms are observed. In addition, advantageous effects can be achieved by adhering to special dimensioning regulations.
Als thermoplastisches Material können unterschiedliche Kunststoffe verwendet werden. Einsatzfähig sind beispielsweise PET, PEN oder PP.Different plastics can be used as the thermoplastic material. For example, PET, PEN or PP can be used.
Die Expansion des Vorformlings während des Orientierungsvorganges erfolgt durch DruckluftZuführung. Die Druckluftzuführung ist in eine Vorblasphase, in der Gas, zum Beispiel Preßluft, mit einem niedrigen Druckniveau zugeführt wird und eine sich anschließende Hauptblasphase unterteilt, in der Gas mit einem höheren Druckniveau zugeführt wird. Während der Vorblasphase wird typischerweise Druckluft mit einem Druck im Intervall von 10 bar bis 25 bar verwendet und während der Hauptblasphase wird Druckluft mit einem Druck im Intervall von 25 bar bis 40 bar zugeführt.The preform is expanded during the orientation process by compressed air supply. The compressed air supply is divided into a pre-blowing phase in which gas, for example compressed air, is supplied at a low pressure level and a subsequent main blowing phase in which gas is supplied at a higher pressure level. Compressed air with a pressure in the interval from 10 bar to 25 bar is typically used during the pre-blowing phase and compressed air with a pressure in the interval from 25 bar to 40 bar is fed in during the main blowing phase.
Fig. 2 zeigt die Blasstation (3) in vergrößerter Darstellung und mit zusätzlichen Einzelheiten. Die Blasstation ist gemäß dieser Darstellung geöffnet, so daß vor einer Durchführung des Blasvorganges Vorformlinge zugeführt oder nach einer Beendigung des Blasvorganges fertige Behälter (28) entnommen werden können. Es ist insbesondere erkennbar, daß die Blasstation (3) mit zwei Kavitäten (30, 31) versehen ist, um zwei Behälter (28) gleichzeitig herstellen zu können. Die Anordnung der Kavitäten (30, 31) erfolgt dabei in radialer Richtung bezüglich der Blasradachse (14) hintereinander. Grundsätzlich ist es denkbar, auch mehr als zwei Kavitäten (30, 31) je Blasstation (3) vorzusehen.Fig. 2 shows the blowing station (3) in an enlarged view and with additional details. The blowing station is open according to this illustration, so that preforms can be fed in before the blowing process is carried out or finished containers (28) can be removed after the blowing process has ended. It can be seen in particular that the blowing station (3) is provided with two cavities (30, 31) in order to be able to produce two containers (28) at the same time. The cavities (30, 31) are arranged one behind the other in the radial direction with respect to the blowing wheel axis (14). In principle, it is conceivable to provide more than two cavities (30, 31) per blowing station (3).
Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform sind jeder Kavi- tät (30, 31) separate und vorneinander getrennte Formhälften (8, 9) zugeordnet. Grundsätzlich ist es aber auch denkbar, die im Bereich jeweils eines der Formträger (4, 5) angeordneten Formhälften (8, 9) einteilig auszubilden. Die mehrteilige Ausführung verbilligt jedoch die Herstellung durch Verwendung einer größeren Anzahl einfacherer Teile und erleichtert gegebenenfalls erforderliche Justagearbeiten.In the embodiment shown, each cavity (30, 31) is assigned separate mold halves (8, 9) which are separated from one another. In principle, however, it is also conceivable to form the mold halves (8, 9) arranged in the area of one of the mold carriers (4, 5). However, the multi-part design makes production cheaper by using a larger number of simpler parts and facilitates any adjustment work that may be required.
Zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichend stabilen Verbindung zwischen den Formträgern (4, 5) bei der Einwirkung eines Blasdruckes sind die Formträger (4, 5) mit Verriegelungseinrichtungen (32, 33) versehen. Die Verriegelungseinrichtungen (32, 33) können beispielsweise als vorstehende Segmente ausgeführt sein, die Bohrungen (34) zur Aufnahme von Verriegelungsbolzen besitzen. Zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden Stabilität sind sowohl im Bereich der den Basisschwenklagern (10, 11) zugewandten Begrenzungen der Formträger (4, 5) als auch im Bereich der den Basisschwenklagern (10, 11) abgewandten Begrenzungen der Formträger (4, 5) Verriegelungseinrichtungen (32, 33) positioniert.To ensure a sufficiently stable connection between the mold carriers (4, 5) when exposed to a blowing pressure, the mold carriers (4, 5) are provided with locking devices (32, 33). The locking devices (32, 33) can for example be designed as projecting segments which have bores (34) for receiving locking bolts. To ensure sufficient stability, locking devices (32.) Are to be provided both in the area of the mold carrier (4, 5) boundaries facing the base pivot bearings (10, 11) and in the area of the mold carrier (4, 5) boundaries facing away from the base pivot bearings (10, 11) , 33) positioned.
Fig. 3 zeigt in einer vergrößerten Darstellung das Ausgaberad (27) sowie die zugeordneten Bereiche des Über- gaberades (23) sowie der Ausgabestrecke (29) . Ebenfalls sind die Wendeeinrichtung (21) und das Eingaberad (22) dargestellt. Entlang eines Umfanges (35) des Übergaberades (23) sind jeweils zwei Behälter (28) in Bewegungsrichtung hintereinander von einer gemeinsamen Trageinrichtung (19) gehalten. In einem Übergabebereich (36) werden die Behälter (28) von der Trageinrichtung (19) zu Halteelementen (37) des Ausgaberades (27) überführt. Eine Fixierung der Behälter (28) im Bereich der Halteelemente (37) kann beispielsweise durch Unterdruckeinwirkung erfolgen.3 shows an enlarged view of the output wheel (27) and the assigned areas of the gaberades (23) and the output section (29). The turning device (21) and the input wheel (22) are also shown. Along a circumference (35) of the transfer wheel (23), two containers (28) are held one behind the other in the direction of movement by a common support device (19). The containers (28) are transferred from the carrying device (19) to holding elements (37) of the delivery wheel (27) in a transfer area (36). The containers (28) can be fixed in the region of the holding elements (37), for example, by the action of negative pressure.
Im Bereich der Trageinrichtung (19) können die Behälter (28) beispielsweise aufgesteckt sein. Bei einem derartigen Halterungskonzept erfolgt im Übergabebereich (36) ein Abheben der Behälter (28) von den Trageinrichtungen (19) . Ebenfalls ist es aber auch denkbar, die Behälter (28) im Bereich der Trageinrichtungen (19) von Zangen oder andersartigen Klemmelementen zu haltern.The containers (28) can, for example, be plugged on in the area of the carrying device (19). In the case of such a mounting concept, the containers (28) are lifted off the carrying devices (19) in the transfer area (36). However, it is also conceivable to hold the containers (28) in the area of the carrying devices (19) of pliers or other types of clamping elements.
Im Bereich des Ausgaberades (27) sind für die Halteelemente (37) Sockel (38) vorgesehen, die über Drehgelenke (39) mit den Halteelementen (37) verbunden sind. Drehachsen (40) der Drehgelenke (39) erstrecken sich im wesentlichen parallel zu einer Rotationsachse (41) des Ausgaberades (27) .In the area of the discharge wheel (27), bases (38) are provided for the holding elements (37), which are connected to the holding elements (37) via swivel joints (39). Rotational axes (40) of the rotary joints (39) extend essentially parallel to an axis of rotation (41) of the dispensing wheel (27).
Im Bereich ihrer den Drehgelenken (39) zugewandten Ausdehnungen sind die Halteelemente (37) mit Positionierhebeln (42) versehen, die Kurvenrollen (43) tragen. Die Kurvenrollen (43) sind in nicht dargestellten Kurvenbahnen geführt und geben die jeweiligen Schwenkbewegungen der Halteelemente (37) relativ zu den Sockeln (38) vor. Relativ zu einer Drehrichtung (44) des Ausgaberades (27) sind die Halteelemente (37) in Bewegungsrichtung relativ zu den Sockeln (38) voreilend angeordnet. Unmittelbar nach einer Übergabe der Behälter (28) an die Halteelemente (37) sind die Behälter (28) zunächst in Ümfangsrichtung des Ausgabesrades (27) hintereinander positioniert. Im Anschluß an die Übergabe wird von den Positionierhebeln (42) eine Schwenkbewegung der Halteelemente (37) relativ zu den Drehachsen (40) vorgegeben. Die Schwenkbewegung wird solange durchgeführt, bis eine Verbindungslinie der Behälter (28) im wesentlichen in radialer Richtung auf die Rotationsachse (41) orientiert ist.In the area of their expansions facing the swivel joints (39), the holding elements (37) are provided with positioning levers (42) which carry cam rollers (43). The cam rollers (43) are guided in cam tracks (not shown) and specify the respective pivoting movements of the holding elements (37) relative to the bases (38). Relative to a direction of rotation (44) of the dispensing wheel (27), the holding elements (37) are arranged to lead in the direction of movement relative to the bases (38). Immediately after the containers (28) have been transferred to the holding elements (37), the containers (28) are initially positioned one behind the other in the circumferential direction of the dispensing wheel (27). Following the transfer, the positioning levers (42) predefine a pivoting movement of the holding elements (37) relative to the axes of rotation (40). The pivoting movement is carried out until a connecting line of the containers (28) is oriented essentially in the radial direction on the axis of rotation (41).
Zusätzlich zu der bereits erläuterten Schwenkbewegung der Halteelemente (37) wird zwischen dem Ubergabebereich (36) und der Ausgabestrecke (29) eine weitere Drehbewegung der Halteelemente (37) durchgeführt. Bei dieser Drehbewegung werden Längsachsen (45) der Behälter (28) um 180° gedreht. Zur Durchführung dieser Drehbewegung kann der Sockel (38) mehrteilig ausgebildet sein, wobei die Sockelelemente von einer Sockeldrehachse (46) miteinander verbunden sind, die sich im wesentlichen in radialer Richtung relativ zur Drehachse (40) des Ausgaberades (27) erstreckt. Die Behälter können hierdurch ausgehend von einer räumlichen Orientierung im Bereich des Übergaberades (23) mit einem Mündungsbereich nach unten in eine räumliche Orientierung mit einem Mündungsbereich nach oben überführt werden. Eine derartige Orientierung ist im Bereich der Ausgabestrek- ke (29) vorteilhaft. Durch die in Bewegungsrichtung voreilende Anordnung der Halteelemente (37) relativ zu den Sockeln (38) im Übergabebereich (36) wird zum einen die für die Durchführung der Positionsänderungen erforderliche Zeit bis zur Übergabe an die Ausgabestrecke (39) verlängert, darüber hinaus wird dafür Sorge getragen, daß sich auch nach der Durchführung der Drehbewegung um 180° die Behälter (28) bei einer Überführung zur Ausgabestrecke (29) in Bewegungsrichtung vor den Halteelementen (37) befinden.In addition to the pivoting movement of the holding elements (37) which has already been explained, a further rotary movement of the holding elements (37) is carried out between the transfer region (36) and the output section (29). During this rotary movement, the longitudinal axes (45) of the containers (28) are rotated by 180 °. To carry out this rotary movement, the base (38) can be constructed in several parts, the base elements being connected to one another by a base axis of rotation (46) which extends essentially in the radial direction relative to the axis of rotation (40) of the dispensing wheel (27). As a result, the containers can be converted from a spatial orientation in the area of the transfer wheel (23) with a mouth area downwards into a spatial orientation with a mouth area upwards. Such an orientation is advantageous in the area of the output path (29). Due to the leading arrangement of the holding elements (37) in the direction of movement relative to the bases (38) in the transfer area (36), on the one hand the time required for carrying out the position changes until the transfer to the output section (39) is extended, and this is also ensured that the containers (28) are located in the direction of movement in front of the holding elements (37) when they are transferred to the delivery path (29) even after the rotary movement has been carried out by 180 °.
Bei dem erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel weisen die Halteelemente (37) gerundet konturierte Aufnahmemulden (47) auf, in die die Behälter (28) einsetzbar sind. Die Aufnahmemulden (47) verlaufen dabei mit ihren Begrenzungsflächen entlang eines Teiles des Umfanges der Behälter (28) . Im Bereich der Aufnahmemulden (47) können Saugtaschen angeordnet werden, um die Behälter (28) durch Unterdruckeinwirkung zu haltern. In the exemplary embodiment explained, the holding elements (37) have rounded, contoured receiving troughs (47) into which the containers (28) can be inserted. The receiving troughs (47) run with their boundary surfaces along part of the circumference of the containers (28). Suction pockets can be arranged in the region of the receiving troughs (47) in order to hold the containers (28) by the action of negative pressure.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h eP a t e n t a n s r u c h e
Verfahren zur Übergabe von Behältern im Anschluß an eine Blasformung der Behälter aus einem thermoplastischen Material, bei dem Vorformlinge mindestens einer Heizeinrichtung zur Temperierung und mindestens einer Blasstation zur BlasVerformung zugeführt werden, und bei dem die geblasenen Behälter von einem Ausgaberad einer Ausgabestrecke mit mindestens zwei voneinander getrennten Transportwegen zugeführt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behälter (28) dem Ausgaberad (27) in Ümfangsrichtung des Ausgaberades (27) hintereinander zugeführt werden und daß eine Einleitung der Behälter (28) in die Ausgabestrecke (29) nach Durchführung einer Schwenkbewegung in radialer Richtung relativ zu einem Mittelpunkt des Ausgaberades (27) im wesentli- chen mit nebeneinander angeordneten Behältern (28) erfolgt.Method for transferring containers following blow molding of the containers from a thermoplastic material, in which preforms are fed to at least one heating device for temperature control and at least one blow molding station for blow molding, and in which the blown containers are separated from one another by a discharge wheel of a discharge path with at least two Transport routes are supplied, characterized in that the containers (28) are fed one after the other to the discharge wheel (27) in the circumferential direction of the discharge wheel (27) and in that the containers (28) are introduced into the discharge section (29) after a pivoting movement in the radial direction relative to a center of the output wheel (27) essentially chen with juxtaposed containers (28).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwenkbewegung kurvengesteuert durchgeführt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivoting movement is carried out under cam control.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzlich zur Drehung der Behälter (28) relativ zu einer im wesentlichen vertikalen3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in addition to the rotation of the container (28) relative to a substantially vertical
Drehachse (40) eine Drehung der Behälter (28) um eine im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufende Drehachse erfolgt.The axis of rotation (40) rotates the containers (28) about an essentially horizontal axis of rotation.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behälter (28) in vertikaler Richtung um etwa 180° gedreht werden.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the containers (28) are rotated in the vertical direction by approximately 180 °.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zusätzliche Drehung der Behälter (28) kurvengesteuert durchgeführt wird.5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the additional rotation of the container (28) is carried out cam-controlled.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zuerst die Drehung um die vertikale Drehachse und anschließend die Drehung um die horizontale Drehachse durchgeführt wird.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that first the rotation about the vertical axis of rotation and then the rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation is carried out.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zuerst die Drehung um die horizontale Drehachse und anschließend die Drehung um die vertikale Drehachse durchgeführt wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that first the rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation and then the rotation about the vertical axis of rotation is carried out.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens zeitweilig gleich- zeitig die Drehung um die vertikale Drehachse und die Drehung um die horizontale Drehachse durchgeführt wird.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least temporarily the same the rotation about the vertical axis of rotation and the rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation is carried out in time.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die horizontale Drehbewegung und die vertikale Drehbewegung der Behälter9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the horizontal rotation and the vertical rotation of the container
(28) bereichsweise zeitlich überlagern, wobei die Drehung um die horizontale Drehachse zeitverzögert relativ zum Beginn der vertikalen Drehbewegung begonnen wird.(28) overlap temporally in some areas, the rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation being started with a time delay relative to the start of the vertical rotary movement.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behälter (28) im Bereich des Ausgaberades (27) durch Unterdruckeinwirkung gehaltert werden.10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the containers (28) in the region of the discharge wheel (27) are held by the action of negative pressure.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behälter (28) im Bereich des Ausgaberades (27) durch Einwirkung eines mechanischen Klemmelementes gehaltert werden.11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the containers (28) in the region of the discharge wheel (27) are held by the action of a mechanical clamping element.
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behälter (28) unter Durchführung einer Hubbewegung an das Ausgaberad12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the container (28) by performing a lifting movement to the dispensing wheel
(27) übergeben werden.(27) are handed over.
13. Vorrichtung zur Übergabe von Behältern im Anschluß an eine Blasformung der Behälter aus einem thermoplastischen Material, bei der eine Heizeinrichtung zur Temperierung von Vorformlingen und eine Blaseinrichtung mit mindestens einer Blasstation verwendet ist, wobei zur Übergabe der Behälter ein Ausgaberad vorgesehen ist, das in Transportrichtung der Behälter zwischen der Blasstation und einer Ausgabestrecke mit mindestens zwei zueinander parallelen Transportwegen anordbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgaberad (27) mindestens ein Halteelement (37) zur gleichzeitigen Halterung von mindestens zwei geblasenen Behältern (28) aufweist und daß das Halteelement (37) relativ zum Ausgaberad (27) derart positionsveränderlich angeordnet ist, daß Aufnahmen des Halteelementes (37) für die Behälter (28) bei einer Eingabe der Behälter (28) in Ümfangsrichtung des Ausgaberades (27) hintereinander und bei einer Abgabe der Behälter in Ümfangsrichtung nebeneinander angeordnet sind.13. Device for transferring containers following a blow molding of the containers from a thermoplastic material, in which a heating device for tempering preforms and a blowing device with at least one blow molding station is used, with an output wheel being provided for transferring the containers in the direction of transport the container can be arranged between the blowing station and a delivery section with at least two parallel transport paths, characterized in that the delivery wheel (27) has at least one holding element (37) for simultaneously holding at least two blown containers (28) and that the holding element (37 ) relative to the dispensing wheel (27) is arranged such that the receptacle of the holding element (37) for the containers (28) is inserted one behind the other when the containers (28) are inserted in the circumferential direction of the dispensing wheel (27) and next to one another when the containers are dispensed in the circumferential direction are arranged.
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Halteelement (37) von einem Drehgelenk (39) mit einem Sockel (38) verbunden ist und daß das Drehgelenk (39) eine im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufende Drehachse (40) aufweist.14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the holding element (37) by a rotary joint (39) with a base (38) is connected and that the rotary joint (39) has a substantially vertically extending axis of rotation (40).
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Halteelement (37) kurvengesteuert positionierbar ist.15. The apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the holding element (37) can be positioned under cam control.
16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Halteelement (37) relativ zu einer im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden Sockeldrehachse (46) verschwenkbar gelagert ist.16. The device according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the holding element (37) is pivotably mounted relative to a substantially vertically extending base axis of rotation (46).
17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Schwenkbereich von etwa 180° realisiert ist. 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that a pivoting range of approximately 180 ° is realized.
18. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 16 oder 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehbewegung um die Sockeldrehachse (46) kurvengesteuert ist.18. Device according to one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that the rotary movement about the base axis of rotation (46) is cam-controlled.
19. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Halteelement (37) nach einer Durchführung der Drehbewegung um die Sockeldrehachse (46) um etwa 90° in lotrechter Richtung unterhalb der Behälter (28) angeordnet ist .19. Device according to one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the holding element (37) is arranged after performing the rotary movement about the base axis of rotation (46) by approximately 90 ° in the vertical direction below the container (28).
20. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Halteelement (37) in einem Übergabebereich (36) in Drehrichtung (44) des Ausgaberades (27) mindestens bereichsweise vor dem Sockel (38) angeordnet ist. 20. Device according to one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the holding element (37) is arranged in a transfer region (36) in the direction of rotation (44) of the dispensing wheel (27) at least in regions in front of the base (38).
PCT/DE2000/000142 1999-02-16 2000-01-14 Method and device for transferring containers WO2000048818A1 (en)

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DE19906438.5 1999-02-16
DE19906438A DE19906438A1 (en) 1999-02-16 1999-02-16 Transfer of thermoplastic containers on a blow molding plant, by a swivel movement of a container holder at the transfer point between blowing and output wheels

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