WO1999053195A1 - Drallscheibe und brennstoffeinspritzventil mit drallscheibe - Google Patents
Drallscheibe und brennstoffeinspritzventil mit drallscheibe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999053195A1 WO1999053195A1 PCT/DE1999/000983 DE9900983W WO9953195A1 WO 1999053195 A1 WO1999053195 A1 WO 1999053195A1 DE 9900983 W DE9900983 W DE 9900983W WO 9953195 A1 WO9953195 A1 WO 9953195A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- swirl
- disk
- fuel injection
- injection valve
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910003266 NiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XULSCZPZVQIMFM-IPZQJPLYSA-N odevixibat Chemical compound C12=CC(SC)=C(OCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC)C(O)=O)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C=C2S(=O)(=O)NC(CCCC)(CCCC)CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 XULSCZPZVQIMFM-IPZQJPLYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical class [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a swirl disk according to the preamble of claim 1 and one
- Fuel injection valve with a swirl disk according to the preamble of claim 23.
- Fuel injection valve is known, at the downstream end of which a multi-disc atomizing attachment with a swirl preparation is arranged.
- This atomizing attachment is also provided on the valve seat support downstream of a disk-shaped guide element installed in a valve seat carrier and a valve seat, an additional support element holding the atomizing attachment in a defined position.
- the atomizing attachment is designed with two or four disks, the individual disks being made from stainless steel or silicon. Accordingly, conventional machining methods such as eroding, punching or etching are used in the manufacture of the opening geometries in the panes.
- Each individual disc of the atomizing attachment is manufactured separately, after which, in accordance with the desired number of disks, all of the same size disks are stacked on top of one another to form the complete atomizing attachment.
- Multilayer electroplating for the production of perforated disks which are particularly suitable for use on fuel injectors, is described in detail.
- This manufacturing principle of a disk production by multiple galvanic metal deposition of different structures on one another, so that a one-piece disk is present, is expressly to be included in the disclosure content of the present invention.
- the swirl disk according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that it is inexpensive to manufacture in a particularly simple manner.
- a particular advantage is that the swirl disks can be produced in a reproducible manner extremely precisely in large quantities at the same time (high batch capability).
- Such swirl disks are very shatterproof and easy to install, for example on injection valves or other spray nozzles of liquids of any kind.
- the use of multilayer electroplating allows extremely great freedom of design, since the contours of the opening areas (inlet areas, swirl channels, swirl chamber, outlet opening) in the Swirl plate are freely selectable.
- This flexible design is particularly advantageous in comparison to silicon wafers, in which the contours that can be achieved due to the crystal axes are strictly specified (truncated pyramids).
- Metallic deposition has the advantage of a very large variety of materials, especially when compared to the production of silicon wafers.
- a wide variety of metals with their different magnetic properties and hardness can be used in the micro electroplating used to manufacture the swirl discs.
- the different hardnesses of the different metals can be used in a particularly advantageous manner in that a sealing material area is created.
- the great freedom of design of the contours within the swirl disk as a result of the manufacture in turn has the great advantage that different spray shapes of the sprays to be sprayed can be easily generated.
- the upstream layer represents a cover layer that completely covers the swirl chamber of a middle swirl generation layer.
- the swirl generation layer is formed by one or more material areas which, on account of their contouring and their geometric position relative to one another, define the contours of the swirl chamber and the swirl channels.
- the material areas can have very different shapes depending on the desired contouring of the swirl channels, for example - 5 -
- the contours of the swirl chamber, the cover layer and the outlet opening can also be designed flexibly, with particular inclinations, e.g. engine-specific spray patterns and spray forms can be generated.
- ⁇ high or low proportion of strands over the circumference, equal or uneven distribution over the circumference, non-rotationally symmetrical (flat) spray patterns with adjustable streak components
- the manner and without additional components with predetermined oblique spray contours (oblique holes) represents an extremely important advantage of the swirl disks according to the invention.
- the swirl disk is designed in such a way that the material areas are shaped so that they differ from one another in such a way that all swirl channels have a different orientation with respect to the axis of symmetry of the
- the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 23 has the advantage that with it a very high atomization quality - 6 -
- Direct gasoline injection has the problem that the downstream tip of the injection valve protruding into the combustion chamber is coked up by gasoline deposits.
- the spray parameters eg static flow rate, jet angle
- Coking in this area is effectively prevented by inserting the multilayer electroplating swirl disk at the downstream end of the fuel injector made of the materials nickel or nickel cobalt. Suitable materials are also cobalt and nickel oxides and oxides of alloys of the metals mentioned.
- the construction of the swirl disk from such materials ensures complete combustion of the soot particles catalyzes and prevents the deposition of carbon particles.
- the noble metals Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt or alloys of these metals with one another or with other metals also show catalytic activity.
- FIG. 1 shows a fuel injector that can be equipped with a swirl disk
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram as a top view of a swirl disk according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2
- FIG. 4 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a multilayer electroplating swirl disk
- FIG. 5 a second embodiment of such a swirl disk
- Figure 6 a third
- FIGS. 4 to 11 are also “glass” principle representations that emphasize the opening contours as plan views of the swirl disks.
- the electromagnetically actuated valve shown in the form of an example in FIG Injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixed-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines has a tubular, largely hollow cylindrical core 2, which is at least partially surrounded by a magnetic coil 1 and serves as the inner pole of a magnetic circuit.
- the fuel injection valve is particularly suitable as a high-pressure injection valve for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- an injection valve for gasoline or diesel application, for direct or intake manifold injection
- These swirl disks can also be used in inkjet printers, at nozzles for spraying liquids of any kind or with inhalers are used.
- the swirl disks according to the invention are generally suitable for producing fine sprays with swirl components.
- a stepped coil body 3 made of plastic takes up the winding of the magnetic coil 1 and, in conjunction with the core 2 and an annular, non-magnetic intermediate part 4 with an L-shaped cross section partially surrounded by the magnetic coil 1, has a particularly compact and short structure Injector in the area of the solenoid coil 1.
- a continuous longitudinal opening 7 is provided in the core 2 and extends along a longitudinal valve axis 8.
- the core 2 of the magnetic circuit also serves as a fuel inlet connection, the longitudinal opening 7 representing a fuel supply channel.
- the Magnetic coil 1 With the core 2 above the Magnetic coil 1 is firmly connected to an outer metal (e.g. ferritic) housing part 14, which closes the magnetic circuit as an outer pole or outer guide element and completely surrounds the magnetic coil 1 at least in the circumferential direction.
- a fuel filter 15 is provided on the inlet side, which ensures that those fuel components are filtered out which, due to their size, could cause blockages or damage in the injection valve.
- the fuel filter 15 is, for. B. fixed by pressing in the core 2.
- the core 2 forms with the housing part 14 the inlet-side end of the fuel injector, the upper housing part 14, for example, just extending beyond the solenoid coil 1, seen downstream in the axial direction.
- a lower tubular housing part 18 connects tightly and firmly, which, for. B. an axially movable valve part consisting of an armature 19 and a rod-shaped valve needle 20 or an elongated valve seat support 21 encloses or receives.
- the movable valve part could e.g. also have the shape of a flat disc with an integrated anchor.
- the two housing parts 14 and 18 are, for. B. firmly connected to each other with a circumferential weld.
- the lower housing part 18 and the largely tubular valve seat support 21 are firmly connected to one another by screwing; Welding, soldering or flanging are also possible joining methods.
- the sealing between the housing part 18 and the valve seat support 21 is carried out, for. B. by means of a sealing ring 22.
- the valve seat support 21 has - 10 -
- valve seat carrier 21 With its lower end 25, which also represents the downstream termination of the entire fuel injection valve, the valve seat carrier 21 surrounds a disk-shaped valve seat element 26 fitted in the through opening 24 with a frustoconical tapering shape downstream
- the z. B. rod-shaped, a largely circular cross-section valve needle 20 is arranged, which has a valve closing section 28 at its downstream end. This, for example, tapers conically
- Valve closing section 28 interacts in a known manner with valve seat surface 27 provided in valve seat element 26. Downstream of the valve seat surface 27, the valve seat element 26 is followed by a swirl disk 30 according to the invention, which is produced by means of multilayer electroplating and comprises three metallic layers deposited on one another.
- the injection valve is actuated electromagnetically in a known manner.
- the electromagnetic circuit with the magnet coil 1, the core 2, the housing parts 14 and 18 and the armature serves to axially move the valve needle 20 and thus to open against the spring force of a return spring 33 arranged in the longitudinal opening 7 of the core 2 or to close the injection valve 19.
- the armature 19 is with the valve closing section 28 facing away from the end of the valve needle 20 z. B. connected by a weld and aligned to the core 2.
- Valve needle 20 during its axial movement with armature 19 along valve longitudinal axis 8 serves on the one hand a guide opening 34 provided in valve seat support 21 at the end facing armature 19 and on the other hand a disk-shaped guide element 35 with a dimensionally accurate guide opening 36 arranged upstream of valve seat element 26.
- Armature 19 is during its axial movement surrounded by the intermediate part 4.
- another excitable actuator such as a piezo stack can be used in a comparable fuel injection valve or the actuation of the axially movable valve part can be carried out by means of hydraulic pressure or servo pressure.
- An adjusting sleeve 38 inserted, pressed or screwed into the longitudinal opening 7 of the core 2 is used to adjust the spring preload of the return spring 33 which bears against the adjusting sleeve 38 with its upstream side and which is supported with its opposite side on the armature 19 by means of a centering piece 39.
- one or more bore-like flow channels 40 are provided, through which the fuel can pass from the longitudinal opening 7 in the core 2 via connecting channels 41 formed downstream of the flow channels 40 near the guide opening 34 in the valve seat carrier 21 and into the through opening 24.
- the stroke of the valve needle 20 is predetermined by the installation position of the valve seat element 26. A final position of the stroke of the valve needle 20 is predetermined by the installation position of the valve seat element 26. A final position of the stroke of the valve needle 20 is predetermined by the installation position of the valve seat element 26.
- Valve needle 20 is when the solenoid 1 is not excited by the contact of the valve closing section 28 on the - 12 -
- Valve seat surface 27 of the valve seat element 26 is fixed, while the other end position of the valve needle 20 results when the magnet coil 1 is excited due to the contact of the armature 19 on the downstream end face of the core 2.
- the surfaces of the components in the latter stop area are chromed, for example.
- Plastic extrusion 44 are provided.
- the plastic encapsulation 44 can also extend over further components (eg housing parts 14 and 18) of the fuel injector. An electrical one runs out of the plastic encapsulation 44
- connection cable 45 via which the energization of the magnet coil 1 takes place.
- the plastic encapsulation 44 projects through the upper housing part 14, which is interrupted in this area.
- Through opening 24 of the valve seat support 21 is, for example, stepped twice.
- a first shoulder 49 serves as a contact surface for a helical compression spring 50, for example.
- the second stage 51 creates an enlarged installation space for the three disk-shaped elements 35, 26 and 30.
- the compression spring 50 enveloping the valve needle 20 tensions the guide element 35 in the valve seat carrier 21, since its side opposite the shoulder 49 presses against the guide element 35.
- an outlet opening 53 is introduced in the valve seat element 26, through which the opening on the valve seat surface 27 opens when the valve is open - 13 -
- the swirl disk 30 is present, for example, in a recess 54 of a disk-shaped holding element 55, the holding element 55 being fixed to the valve seat carrier 21, e.g. is connected by welding, gluing or jamming.
- the fastening variant of the swirl disk 30 shown in FIG. 1 is only shown in simplified form and shows only one of many fastening options that can be varied. What is decisive is the basic arrangement of the micro-electroplated swirl disk 30 downstream of the valve seat surface 27.
- a central outlet opening 56 is formed in the holding element 55 downstream of the depression 54 facing the valve seat, through which the now swirling fuel leaves the fuel injection valve.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a swirl disk 30 according to the invention
- Figure 3 shows a section along the line III-III in Figure 2.
- 2 shows a plan view of the swirl disk 30, in which all layers of the swirl disk 30 become clear due to a "glassy" representation.
- the layer structure in the axial direction is particularly clearly identified in FIG. 3, which ultimately shows an enlarged view of the swirl disk region from FIG 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a different hatchings were chosen for the individual layers deposited, although it should be emphasized that the swirl disks 30 are one-piece components, since the individual layers are deposited directly on top of one another and are not added subsequently Layers of the swirl disk 30 are successively galvanically deposited, - 14 -
- the swirl disk 30 has such an outer diameter that it is tight with little play in one
- Receiving opening on the fuel injector e.g. can be fitted into the recess 54 of the holding element 55 or into an opening of the valve seat support 21.
- the swirl disk 30 is formed from three galvanically separated planes, layers or layers, which thus follow one another axially in the installed state.
- the three layers of swirl disk 30 are referred to below according to their function with cover layer 60, swirl generation layer 61 and bottom layer 62. As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper one is
- Cover layer 60 is formed with a smaller outer diameter than the two subsequent layers 61, 62. In this way, it is ensured that the fuel can flow past the cover layer 60 on the outside and thus freely enter the outer inlet areas 65 of, for example, four swirl channels 66 starting from the outer circumference of the swirl disk 30 in the middle swirl generation layer 61 (see arrows for the flow pattern in FIG. 3 ).
- Swirl disks 30 can also be produced in the manner according to the invention with more than three layers, the structure of the layers 60, 61, 62 described above also looking in a comparable manner in these cases, but e.g. on the cover layer 60 a fourth structural layer (not shown) has grown, which can be useful for certain installation conditions and for flow reasons.
- the upper cover layer 60 represents a closed metallic layer which has no opening areas for flow through, but which is due to its smaller size - 15 -
- Diameter is surrounded by an annular flow region 67.
- a complex opening contour is provided in the swirl generation layer 61, which extends over the entire axial thickness of this layer 61.
- the opening contour of the middle layer 61 is formed by an inner swirl chamber 68 and by a plurality of swirl channels 66 opening into the swirl chamber 68.
- the middle layer 61 has a largely square swirl chamber 68 and four swirl channels 66. each swirl channels 66 running perpendicular to the adjacent swirl channels 66 tangentially into the swirl chamber 68.
- the swirl channels 66 are only partially covered, since the outer ends facing away from the swirl chamber 68 face upwards Form open inlet areas 65.
- the tangential opening of the swirl channels 66 into the swirl chamber 68 imparts an angular momentum to the fuel, which is thus also retained in a central circular outlet opening 69 of the lower bottom layer 62.
- the diameter of the outlet opening 69 is, for example, significantly smaller than the opening width of the swirl chamber 68 lying directly above it. This increases the swirl intensity generated in the swirl chamber 68.
- the fuel is sprayed out in a hollow cone by centrifugal force.
- the swirl disks 30 according to the invention are built up in a plurality of metallic layers by electrodeposition (multilayer electroplating). Due to the deep lithographic, galvanotechnical production, there are special features in the contouring, some of which are summarized here in short form: layers with a constant thickness over the pane surface, - 16 -
- the starting point for the process is a flat and stable carrier plate, which, for. B. can consist of metal (titanium, steel), silicon, glass or ceramic.
- at least one auxiliary layer is initially applied to the carrier plate. For example, it is a - 17 -
- Electroplating start layer e.g. TiCuTi, CrCuCr, Ni
- the application of the auxiliary layer happens z. B. by sputtering or by electroless metal deposition.
- a photoresist photoresist is applied to the entire surface, e.g. rolled on or spun on.
- the thickness of the photoresist should correspond to the thickness of the metal layer, which is described in the following
- Electroplating process is to be realized, that is, the thickness of the bottom bottom layer 62 of the swirl disk 30.
- the resist layer can consist of one or more layers of a photostructurable film or a liquid resist (polyimide, photoresist). If an optional sacrificial layer is to be galvanized into the lacquer structures created later, the thickness of the photoresist must be increased by the thickness of the sacrificial layer.
- the metal structure to be realized is to be transferred inversely in the photoresist using a photolithographic mask. One possibility is to expose the photoresist directly over the mask by means of UV exposure (circuit board exposer or semiconductor exposer) (UV depth lithography) and then to develop it.
- the negative structure ultimately created in the photoresist to the later layer 62 of the swirl disk 30 is galvanically filled with metal (eg Ni, NiCo, NiFe, NiW, Cu) (metal deposition).
- metal eg Ni, NiCo, NiFe, NiW, Cu
- the cover layer 60 of the swirl disk 30 metal is deposited both on the conductive material areas 61 ′ and on the non-conductive photoresist in the area of the swirl channels 66 and the swirl chamber 68.
- a starting layer metallization is applied to the resist of the previous middle layer 61.
- the remaining photoresist is removed from the metal structures by wet-chemical stripping.
- the swirl disks 30 can be detached from the substrate and separated.
- the sacrificial layer is selectively etched away from the substrate and swirl disc 30, as a result of which the swirl discs 30 can be lifted off the carrier plate and separated.
- FIGS. 4 to 12 show nine exemplary embodiments of multilayer electroplating swirl disks 30, these figures, like FIG. 2, being “glass” schematic diagrams that emphasize the opening contours. Depending on the desired use, these different embodiments can be used to produce the usual rotationally symmetrical ones - 19 -
- Spray cones but also of flat jet images or inclined asymmetrical jet images are used.
- FIG. 4 shows a swirl disk 30, which in turn has the three layers 60, 61 and 62.
- the upper cover layer 60 and the lower base layer 62 are shaped in a manner comparable to FIG. 2, that is to say with a circular contour, the base layer 62 having a larger outer diameter and a central outlet opening 69.
- the middle swirl generation layer 61 differs from that shown in FIG. While the four material regions 61 'spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, between which the contours of the swirl channels 65 and the swirl chamber 68 result, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
- the material areas 61 'of the swirl generation layer 61 according to FIG. 4 are each web-like and spaced from the outer edge of the swirl disk 30.
- the ends 70 of the material areas 61 'which radially delimit the swirl chamber 68 are rounded off, for example, in a blade-shaped manner, so that already the contour of the
- Material areas 61 ' serves to generate the swirl of the fuel to be sprayed and a circular swirl chamber 68 is formed.
- the ends 71 of the material regions 61 'opposite the inner ends 70 are e.g. also rounded on its outer contour, creating a
- Joint diameter is specified with which the swirl disk 30 can be inserted and fastened in a simple manner, for example in an opening of a fuel injector. - 20 -
- the outlet opening 69 can also be made eccentrically in the bottom layer 62, as is the outlet opening 69a indicated by a dash-dot line in FIG. 4 shows.
- a possible desired uneven distribution over the circumference of the hollow or solid cone can also be achieved with such a design variant, so that there is asymmetry in several respects.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show swirl disks 30 which have elliptical outlet openings 69 in the bottom layer 62.
- the swirl disk 30 according to FIG. 5 has a rotationally symmetrical swirl chamber 68; the swirl disk 30 according to FIG. 6, on the other hand, has an elliptical swirl chamber 68 which is adapted to the contour of the outlet opening 69 and ensures a particularly uniform flow.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate swirl disks 30 with spiral-shaped material areas 61 'of the swirl generation layer 61.
- the web-like material areas 61' of the preceding exemplary embodiments which are spaced from the edge of the swirl disk 30, there are two (FIG. 7) and four (FIG. 8) material areas 61 '. starting from the outer edge turned in a spiral.
- the swirl channels 66 point in particular in the example shown in FIG - 21 -
- Flow direction a cross-sectional narrowing to reduce flow losses, since the narrowest point is limited to a short run length. At the same time, such a design causes a less turbulent flow and thus a lower flow resistance.
- the geometry of the spray cone formed downstream of the outlet opening 69 is determined by the swirl speed of the fluid. Higher swirl speeds result in spray cones with larger spray angles.
- the swirl speeds can also be set by the ratio of the diameter of swirl chamber 68 and outlet opening 69 and by the swirl channel cross section.
- a swirled, possibly rotationally symmetrical hollow cone spray with a uniform distribution over the hollow cone circumference is generated.
- a spraying is only possible through obliquely extending outlet holes in downstream spraying components.
- An essential point of the present invention is to have found geometries for the swirl disk 30 with which the above-mentioned goal can be achieved very easily. It should be noted that the swirl disk 30 produced by means of multilayer electroplating is due to the
- Manufacturing technology has only largely vertical walls, with which the walls are still considered in isolation - 22 -
- FIG. 9 shows a swirl disk 30 according to the invention, with which, despite the vertical walls of all opening areas, a spray can be generated which is inclined to the axis of symmetry of the swirl disk 30 and, for example, has a uniform distribution over the circumference of the hollow cone.
- Four material regions 61 ' are provided in the middle swirl generation layer 61, all of which have a different contour.
- Four swirl channels 66 are formed between the material areas 61 ', which are characterized by a different position with respect to the swirl chamber 68 due to the contour differences of the material areas 61' and are therefore identified by I to IV. With their alignment in the fluid to be sprayed off, the four swirl channels 66 must produce different proportions between the swirl speed and radial speed components.
- the radial speed component continuously decreases from swirl channel 66-1 to swirl channel 66-IV, while the swirl speed component continuously increases from swirl channel 66-1 to swirl channel 66-IV.
- the outlet opening 69 is at this - 23 -
- Example elliptical and as short as possible in the axial direction While the first swirl channel 66-1 is largely aligned with the center of the elliptical outlet opening 69, this radial alignment decreases clockwise in the example according to FIG. 9 until the fourth swirl channel 66-IV is directed tangentially past the outlet opening 69.
- a spray to be sprayed out would emerge obliquely inclined to the left between the swirl channels 66-111 and 66-IV in a spraying direction into the plane of the drawing.
- This beam alignment is indicated by an arrow and ⁇ , where ⁇ indicates an angle of the spray to the axis of symmetry of the swirl disk 30.
- FIG. 10 shows a swirl disk 30 with further special features, which does not yet contain any other exemplary embodiment.
- a first special feature is that the two lower layers 61 and 62 have an outer diameter of the same size, the middle swirl generation layer 61 only having a single contiguous material region 61 'includes.
- the swirl channels 66 which largely open tangentially into the swirl chamber 68, are therefore not connected to the outer circumference of the swirl disk 30 with their inlet regions 65 facing away from the swirl chamber 68. Rather, there remains between - 24 -
- the inlet regions 65 of the swirl channels 66 and the outer periphery of the swirl disk 30 a peripheral edge region of the material region 61 '. With the edge area, the swirl disk 30 can be clamped particularly easily on its circumference for fastening.
- a different number of swirl channels 66 e.g. six
- a different number of swirl channels 66 can also be produced with the multilayer electroplating.
- inlet areas 65 with a largely rectangular or square contour
- the swirl channels 66 with their inlet areas 65 bent in a hook shape (not shown).
- the fuel flowing into the inlet regions 65 can enter the swirl channels 66 with little turbulence, whereby a largely trouble-free swirl can be generated. It is of particular advantage if the inflow cross section lying in the plane of the drawing
- Inlet areas 65 which is decisively determined by the covering of the cover layer 60, is smaller than the swirl channel cross section, which results perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and is determined by the height and width of the swirl channel 66.
- the inlet areas 65 are thus a pre-throttle and the flow-determining cross section of the swirl disk 30.
- FIG. 11 shows one of the innumerable possible exemplary embodiments of a swirl disk 30 that can be produced with the multilayer electroplating, which in addition to the material areas 61 ′ for forming the swirl channels 66 and for defining the contour and size of the swirl chamber 68 further material areas 61 ′′ within the swirl chamber 68 in of the swirl generation layer 61.
- Material areas 61 ′′ can be arranged in a targeted manner so that a spray which is inclined at an angle to the axis of symmetry of the swirl disk 30 is sprayed, in the example shown in FIG. 11 in the direction indicated by the arrow and ⁇ .
- Such oblique spraying is achieved by placing one or more sickle-shaped or arc-shaped (FIG. 11) or not shown rectangular, triangular, triangular, square or similar contours material areas 61 ′′ in the swirl chamber 68.
- the arcuate material region 61 ′′ forms one
- FIG. 12 shows an exemplary embodiment for a special choice of material for the individual layers 60, 61, 62 of the swirl disk 30.
- multilayer electroplating it is possible without problems to deposit different metals (Ni, NiCo, NiFe, NiW, Cu) on one another, but within one electroplating step only one metal is deposited.
- an advantageous sealing of the swirl disk 30 can be achieved when installed in a spray device, in particular on a fuel injector.
- the cover layer 60 and the bottom layer 62 are made of a harder electroplating material (for example NiCo)
- the middle swirl generating layer 61 is made of a softer electroplating material (for example Ni).
- the electroplating basin is changed from NiCo to Ni and vice versa from electroplating layer to electroplating layer.
- both layers 60 and 62 give the swirl disk 30 a high stability because of the higher material strength of the NiCo, which e.g. is required in high pressure injectors due to the high pressure load.
- the swirl generation layer 61 has a further outer annular material region 75.
- the material area 75 runs continuously around the circumference of the swirl disk 30 and serves as a sealing element. Since the upper cover layer 60 has a smaller diameter than the layers 61 and 62 underneath, the outer material region 75 is uncovered at the top. With this material area 75, the swirl disk 30 lies, for example, in a recess in the valve seat element 26, as illustrated in FIG. 12.
- the soft material (Ni) of the region 75 allows a large compression path with relatively low mechanical stresses within the material region 75. The compression path allows the upper sealing surface of the material region 75 to form-fit against the surface of the hard valve seat element 26, thereby ensuring the sealing function. In such an embodiment, separate sealing elements can advantageously be dispensed with. A sufficient permanent contact pressure of the
- Material region 75 on the valve seat element 26 is achieved, for example, by arranging a spray perforated disk 76 downstream of the swirl disk 30, which is fixedly connected to the valve seat element 26, for example with a weld seam 77, and supports the swirl disk 30.
- the spray hole disk 76 has, for example, a spray hole 78 which is inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis 8 of the valve in order to implement the oblique spraying which has already been mentioned several times.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/445,529 US6695229B1 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-04-01 | Swirl disk and fuel injection valve with swirl disk |
JP55103399A JP2002504206A (ja) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-04-01 | 渦流プレート及び渦流プレートを備えた燃料噴射弁 |
DE59906940T DE59906940D1 (de) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-04-01 | Drallscheibe und brennstoffeinspritzventil mit drallscheibe |
EP99924737A EP1012473B1 (de) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-04-01 | Drallscheibe und brennstoffeinspritzventil mit drallscheibe |
KR1019997010952A KR20010012982A (ko) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-04-01 | 와류 디스크 및 와류 디스크를 갖춘 연료 분사 밸브 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19815775A DE19815775A1 (de) | 1998-04-08 | 1998-04-08 | Drallscheibe und Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit Drallscheibe |
DE19815775.4 | 1998-04-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999053195A1 true WO1999053195A1 (de) | 1999-10-21 |
Family
ID=7864011
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1999/000983 WO1999053195A1 (de) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-04-01 | Drallscheibe und brennstoffeinspritzventil mit drallscheibe |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6695229B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1012473B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002504206A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20010012982A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19815775A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999053195A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10048935A1 (de) * | 2000-10-04 | 2002-04-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
DE10118276A1 (de) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
US7191961B2 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2007-03-20 | Denso Corporation | Injection hole plate and fuel injection apparatus having the same |
JP4154317B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-25 | 2008-09-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料噴射弁 |
US7104475B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-09-12 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7438241B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2008-10-21 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7168637B2 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2007-01-30 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7137577B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-11-21 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7124963B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-10-24 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7185831B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2007-03-06 | Ford Motor Company | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7198207B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2007-04-03 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7051957B1 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-05-30 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
DE102005023793B4 (de) * | 2005-05-19 | 2012-01-12 | Ulrich Schmid | Vorrichtung zur Drallerzeugung in einem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil |
JP5730024B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-12 | 2015-06-03 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | 噴霧ノズル及び噴霧ノズルを有する燃焼装置 |
JP2012215135A (ja) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-11-08 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | 燃料噴射弁 |
KR20130071909A (ko) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-07-01 | 두산인프라코어 주식회사 | 와류 분사형 노즐을 구비한 커먼 레일 인젝터 |
JP5852463B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-14 | 2016-02-03 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 燃料噴射弁 |
JP5978154B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-08-24 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 燃料噴射弁 |
JP2014173477A (ja) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-22 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | 燃料噴射弁 |
DE102013212191A1 (de) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einblasen eines gasförmigen Mediums |
US9573146B2 (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2017-02-21 | Delavan Inc | Double swirl chamber swirlers |
GB2528954B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2017-05-24 | Clyde Process Ltd | Adjustable multi-hole orifice plate in a pneumatic conveying apparatus |
CA3036552A1 (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-22 | Spectrum Brands, Inc. | Swirl pot shower head engine |
DE102018203065A1 (de) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Injektors |
US11015559B2 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2021-05-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Multi-hole fuel injector with twisted nozzle holes |
US10808668B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2020-10-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Methods and systems for a fuel injector |
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US1440705A (en) * | 1919-08-09 | 1923-01-02 | Henry W Sumner | Spray nozzle |
US4040396A (en) * | 1974-03-28 | 1977-08-09 | Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine |
GB2176839A (en) * | 1985-06-22 | 1987-01-07 | Lucas Ind Plc | I.C. engine fuel injection nozzle |
DE3943005A1 (de) * | 1988-12-28 | 1990-07-05 | Hitachi Ltd | Elektromagnetische einspritzventilvorrichtung |
US5435884A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-07-25 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Spray nozzle and method of manufacturing same |
WO1996011335A1 (en) | 1994-10-07 | 1996-04-18 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Multiple disk swirl atomizer for fuel injector |
DE19607288A1 (de) | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Lochscheibe |
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DE59611321D1 (de) * | 1995-03-29 | 2006-03-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Lochscheibe, insbesondere für Einspritzventile und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Lochscheibe |
RU2157912C2 (ru) * | 1995-03-29 | 2000-10-20 | Роберт Бош Гмбх | Диск с отверстиями, в частности, для клапанных форсунок |
ES2179184T3 (es) * | 1995-03-29 | 2003-01-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Procedimiento para la fabricacion de un disco perforado. |
DE19639506A1 (de) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-04-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Lochscheibe und Ventil mit einer Lochscheibe |
CZ292958B6 (cs) * | 1997-09-16 | 2004-01-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Děrovaný kotouč, zejména rozprašovací kotouč pro vstřikovací ventily, a vstřikovací ventil |
-
1998
- 1998-04-08 DE DE19815775A patent/DE19815775A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-04-01 JP JP55103399A patent/JP2002504206A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-04-01 DE DE59906940T patent/DE59906940D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-01 WO PCT/DE1999/000983 patent/WO1999053195A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-01 KR KR1019997010952A patent/KR20010012982A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-01 EP EP99924737A patent/EP1012473B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-01 US US09/445,529 patent/US6695229B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1440705A (en) * | 1919-08-09 | 1923-01-02 | Henry W Sumner | Spray nozzle |
US4040396A (en) * | 1974-03-28 | 1977-08-09 | Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine |
GB2176839A (en) * | 1985-06-22 | 1987-01-07 | Lucas Ind Plc | I.C. engine fuel injection nozzle |
DE3943005A1 (de) * | 1988-12-28 | 1990-07-05 | Hitachi Ltd | Elektromagnetische einspritzventilvorrichtung |
DE3943005C2 (de) | 1988-12-28 | 1992-11-26 | Hitachi, Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo, Jp | |
US5435884A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-07-25 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Spray nozzle and method of manufacturing same |
WO1996011335A1 (en) | 1994-10-07 | 1996-04-18 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Multiple disk swirl atomizer for fuel injector |
DE19607288A1 (de) | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Lochscheibe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59906940D1 (de) | 2003-10-16 |
US6695229B1 (en) | 2004-02-24 |
JP2002504206A (ja) | 2002-02-05 |
EP1012473A1 (de) | 2000-06-28 |
KR20010012982A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
DE19815775A1 (de) | 1999-10-14 |
EP1012473B1 (de) | 2003-09-10 |
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