WO1998027250A2 - Reinforced plastic foil - Google Patents

Reinforced plastic foil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998027250A2
WO1998027250A2 PCT/DE1997/002929 DE9702929W WO9827250A2 WO 1998027250 A2 WO1998027250 A2 WO 1998027250A2 DE 9702929 W DE9702929 W DE 9702929W WO 9827250 A2 WO9827250 A2 WO 9827250A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic
film
threads
reinforcement
films
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Application number
PCT/DE1997/002929
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German (de)
French (fr)
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WO1998027250A3 (en
Inventor
Gernot K. BRÜCK
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Imab Stiftung
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Publication date
Application filed by Imab Stiftung filed Critical Imab Stiftung
Priority to EP97954698A priority Critical patent/EP0949991A2/en
Publication of WO1998027250A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998027250A2/en
Publication of WO1998027250A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998027250A3/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/22Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
    • B29C43/28Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/12Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material containing fluorine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25Solid
    • B29K2105/253Preform
    • B29K2105/256Sheets, plates, blanks or films

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of reinforced plastic films in particular.
  • Plastic films of all kinds are produced, for example, on extruders with a slot die and processed on calender rolling mills.
  • the film thickness is adjusted by the slit size and the train speed or the gap width of the calender rolling mills.
  • extrusion is usually carried out directly onto the support material.
  • the manufacturing process is particularly critical if the support material is to be in the middle of the finished film. In the prior art, this is achieved in that the support material is guided between two slot nozzles and the plastic material is extruded on both sides. Care must be taken to ensure an exceptionally uniform flow of material from the two slot nozzles.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simplified method for the production of plastic films, in particular reinforced plastic films.
  • Reinforced foils can be produced particularly easily with the methods according to the invention. This is done in such a way that an envelope is extruded onto the core material. Such covered threads are then woven and the fabric is processed in a calender. The sheath material of the threads is brought to close by physical and / or chemical softening processes, whereby the reinforcing fabric is surrounded on both sides by closed plastic material. By adjusting the tensile force in the calender, it can also be ensured that the core material runs straight in the tensile direction, so that there is no subsequent stretching during later use.
  • the reinforcement threads z. B. only make up about 10% of the area of the film, the optical property is impaired to a very small extent.
  • the reinforcement is enveloped in an airtight and water vapor-tight manner by the fluoropolymer, so that the reinforcement is absolutely corrosion-resistant, for example when using metals.
  • the use of stainless steel or quartz reinforcements can give the film such strength that very long distances can be covered. Due to the absolute UV stability of the fluoropolymer, such a material can be used particularly well for roof structures. But it can also replace the translucent walls of a greenhouse. Since the fluoropolymers in particular are also UV-transparent, the use of the reinforced fluoropolymer films also ensures optimal, UV-rich light in greenhouses and other buildings. The use in amusement parks is also very holiday-compliant, because in spite of the airtight roof construction, the natural sun radiation is fully used.
  • ultrafine titanium dioxide can be used as an additive, whereby z. B. harmful UV components are absorbed.
  • luminescent pigments can also be used in the sheathing plastic. These can then be excited using appropriate UVC radiation.
  • fluoropolymer films do not weather, it is useful wherever other plastic covers become brittle and yellow.
  • the high gas tightness of the fluoropolymer also allows that a double-walled film is used and the space z. B. is filled with helium.
  • the gas volume can be adjusted so that the weight of the entire roof structure is compensated for by the buoyancy of the filling gas. Since helium in particular can diffuse more easily through plastics, a very thin layer can be applied on the inner surfaces to ensure that helium does not diffuse. This can e.g. B. be a very thin aluminum layer, the optical properties are only slightly affected.
  • core materials can also be used in addition to steel threads.
  • high-strength plastic threads, glass or quartz fibers or other metal wires can be used.
  • Reinforcing fabrics can be used in the production methods according to the invention, which result in a restoring force which counteracts a flow of the elastomer. With such a reinforcement fabric, for. B. when weaving the warp thread very tight and the weft thread very loose, so that there is a very straight core wire in the direction of travel and a wave-shaped cross-wire when formed into the film.
  • this can also be achieved by weaving the construction fabric in such a way that one or more yarns of pure jacket material lie between the jacketed threads and thereby one Any distance from the core material thread to the next can be set.
  • the distance between the core threads results from the sheath volume and any intermediate threads made from sheath material and the desired film thickness.
  • the covering material can be glued either by heat radiation, by contact heat or pressure or, in the case of some plastics, also by dissolving the covering material with suitable solvents.
  • the heating of the reinforcement can be carried out in a simple manner by connecting it to a power source, so that it heats up uniformly by the flow of electrons and sinks into the plastic film, for example due to its own weight .
  • the heated film can be pressed in or pressed in. The same applies to the production of a reinforced plastic film from a composite material consisting of film-reinforcement-film.
  • Such a composite can also be produced in a membrane press, with all materials being brought above the flow temperature of the plastic material and then being able to be pressed together.
  • starting threads 1 are shown, the core 2, which consists, for example, of a glass fiber, being encased by the plastic material 3.
  • the film 4 shown in FIG. 2, in which the reinforcing threads 1 run in the longitudinal direction parallel to one another, can be produced therefrom by a method according to the invention.
  • the plastic sleeves 3 were pressed apart laterally during manufacture and have joined to form the closed film 4.
  • a fabric in which the warp thread 5, which in turn consists of a core 6 and a plastic jacket 7, is tightly tensioned and the weft thread 8, also consisting of core and jacket, loosely connects the warp threads 5. 4, in which the jacket material 7 has become a closed film 9.
  • the cores of the warp threads 5 are straight, while the cores of the weft threads 8 are arranged in a wave shape. The restoring force in the direction of the weft threads 8 results from this waveform.
  • a fabric of covered threads with core and sheath is shown alternating with threads 11 made of pure sheath material.
  • the film 12 according to FIG. 6 results, in which the tissue made of the core material is at a large distance from one another.
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically how two foils 13, 14 lying one above the other are welded in a gas-tight manner and form a cushion structure which are filled with a light gas 15. Due to the resulting buoyancy, the film is carried.
  • the upper film 13 in turn has a reinforcement.
  • FIG. 8 A device for producing the armored foils is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the fabric 16 runs through the braking device 17.
  • the Braking force is set by the brake shoe 18.
  • the fabric then runs past the first softening station 19, which emits thermal radiation. If necessary, a solvent or a solvent could also be applied there to the surface of the fabric.
  • the fabric web then runs over a plurality of rollers 20 which press the shell material of the fabric together to form a closed film.
  • rollers 20 which press the shell material of the fabric together to form a closed film.
  • several softening stations or rollers can be provided.
  • the finished film 21 is drawn through the calender with the help of the driver rollers 22.
  • a support fabric 25 is inserted between two finished films 23, 24 and then pressed under heat to form the finished film composite 26 (FIG. 10).
  • a hot support fabric 28 is placed over a finished sheet 27.
  • the film material softens at the contact points and the fabric sinks into the liquefied plastic. This process can be mechanically supported if necessary.

Abstract

In order to produce reinforced plastic foils, a material is used whose lead threads (1) consist of a core (2) and a synthetic coating (3). The synthetic coatings are laterally extended by processing in a calendering unit and subsequently form a closed reinforced foil (4).

Description

Armierte Kunststoffolie Armored plastic film
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von ins- besondere armierten Kunststoffolien.The invention relates to a process for the production of reinforced plastic films in particular.
Kunststoffolien aller Art werden beispielsweise auf Extrudern mit Schlitzdüse hergestellt und auf Kalanderwalzwerken verarbeitet. Dabei wird die Folienstärke durch die Schlitzgröße und die Zuggeschwindigkeit bzw. die Spaltweite der Kalanderwalzwerke eingestellt.Plastic films of all kinds are produced, for example, on extruders with a slot die and processed on calender rolling mills. The film thickness is adjusted by the slit size and the train speed or the gap width of the calender rolling mills.
Bei Folien mit einem Stütz- bzw. Armierungsmaterial wird üblicherweise direkt auf das Stützmaterial extrudiert .In the case of foils with a support or reinforcement material, extrusion is usually carried out directly onto the support material.
Besonders kritisch ist der Fertigungsprozeß, wenn sich das Stützmaterial in der Mitte der fertigen Folie befinden soll. Dies wird beim Stand der Technik dadurch erreicht, daß das Stützmaterial zwischen zwei Schlitzdüsen geführt wird und beidseitig das Kunststoffmaterial aufextrudiert wird. Dabei ist auf einen außerordentlich gleichförmigen Materialfluß aus den beiden Schlitzdüsen zu achten.The manufacturing process is particularly critical if the support material is to be in the middle of the finished film. In the prior art, this is achieved in that the support material is guided between two slot nozzles and the plastic material is extruded on both sides. Care must be taken to ensure an exceptionally uniform flow of material from the two slot nozzles.
Bei Folien, die eine Armierung aus Kunststoff aufweisen, des- sen Erweichungstemperaturen im Bereich des die Armierung umgebenden Kunststoffmaterials liegt, ist die Herstellung dann besonders problematisch, wenn es sich bei der Armierung um ein Gewebe handelt. Dieses verzieht sich nämlich sehr leicht, wenn das heiße Folienmaterial auf das Stützmaterial fließt. eiter- hin besteht die Gefahr, daß das unter Spannung gehaltene Gewebe so heiß wird, daß es nach der Auftragefläche aufweicht und dann reißt .In the case of foils which have a reinforcement made of plastic and whose softening temperature lies in the region of the plastic material surrounding the reinforcement, the production is particularly problematic when the reinforcement is a fabric. This warps very easily when the hot film material flows onto the support material. Furthermore, there is a danger that the tensioned tissue becomes so hot that it softens after the application surface and then tears.
Ein weiteres Problem kann dadurch auftreten, daß die Folie aufgrund der Fertigungsweise in Ziehrichtung orientiert ist und sich bei höheren Temperaturen unterschiedlich zur Richtung verhält . Die Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein vereinfachtes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststoffolien, insbesondere armierten Kunststoffolien zu schaffen.Another problem can arise from the fact that the film is oriented in the pulling direction due to the production method and behaves differently to the direction at higher temperatures. The invention has for its object to provide a simplified method for the production of plastic films, in particular reinforced plastic films.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gem. einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 3 gelöst. Hierbei werden entsprechend gefertigte Kunststoffäden zunächst verwebt und dann über einen Kalander so verpreßt, daß die Fäden zusammengeschweißt werden und eine homogene, geschlossene Folie entsteht.This task is performed according to a procedure. one of claims 1 to 3 solved. Appropriately manufactured plastic threads are first woven and then pressed on a calender so that the threads are welded together and a homogeneous, closed film is produced.
Da die Oberfläche der Folie erst durch das Kalandrieren geschaffen wird, ist die Oberflächenqualität des Fadens von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Auch bedarf es keines teuren oder großen Extruders, sondern nur einer kleinen Maschine, die es ermöglicht, Fäden von geringem Durchmesser zu ziehen.Since the surface of the film is only created by calendering, the surface quality of the thread is of secondary importance. There is also no need for an expensive or large extruder, just a small machine that enables threads of small diameter to be drawn.
Besonders einfach sind mit den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren armierte Folien herzustellen. Dies geschieht in der Weise, daß auf das Kernmaterial eine Umhüllung extrudiert wird. Solche ummantelten Fäden werden dann verwebt und das Gewebe in einem Kalanderwerk verarbeitet. Durch physikalische und/oder chemische Aufweichungsverfahren wird das Mantelmaterial der Fäden zum Schließen gebracht, womit das Armierungsgewebe beidseitig von geschlossenem Kunststoffmaterial umgeben ist. Durch Ein- Stellung der Zugkraft im Kalanderwerk kann auch sichergestellt werden, daß das Kernmaterial in Zugrichtung gerade verläuft, so daß sich beim späteren Einsatz keine Nachdehnung ergibt.Reinforced foils can be produced particularly easily with the methods according to the invention. This is done in such a way that an envelope is extruded onto the core material. Such covered threads are then woven and the fabric is processed in a calender. The sheath material of the threads is brought to close by physical and / or chemical softening processes, whereby the reinforcing fabric is surrounded on both sides by closed plastic material. By adjusting the tensile force in the calender, it can also be ensured that the core material runs straight in the tensile direction, so that there is no subsequent stretching during later use.
Da besonders elastische Fluorpolymere schwer zu Folien gezogen werden können, sind die Verfahren für derartige Materialien besonders geeignet.Since particularly elastic fluoropolymers are difficult to pull into films, the processes are particularly suitable for such materials.
Für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen ist die Transparenz und Beständigkeit von Fluorpolymerfolien erwünscht. Da aber gleichzeitig die Belastbarkeit der bekannten Folien begrenzt ist, können sie für die gewünschten Zwecke häufig nicht eingesetzt werden. Werden dagegen z. B. Armierungen aus Metall, Glas oder Quarzgewebe in die Folie eingearbeitet, ergibt sich eine hochfeste Fluorpolymerfolie mit ausgezeichneten chemischen, optischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften.The transparency and durability of fluoropolymer films is desirable for a large number of applications. However, since the load capacity of the known films is limited at the same time, they can often not be used for the desired purposes. In contrast, z. B. Reinforcements made of metal, glass or quartz fabric incorporated into the film results in a high-strength fluoropolymer film with excellent chemical, optical and mechanical properties.
Da die Armierungsfäden z. B. nur ca. 10 % der Fläche der Folie ausmachen, wird nur in einem sehr geringen Umfang die optische Eigenschaft beeinträchtigt. Durch das Fluorpolymer wird die Armierung luft- und wasserdampfdicht umhüllt, so daß bei- spielsweise bei der Verwendung von Metallen die Armierung absolut korrosionsfest ist.Since the reinforcement threads z. B. only make up about 10% of the area of the film, the optical property is impaired to a very small extent. The reinforcement is enveloped in an airtight and water vapor-tight manner by the fluoropolymer, so that the reinforcement is absolutely corrosion-resistant, for example when using metals.
Beispielsweise kann der Einsatz von Edelstahl oder Quarzarmierungen der Folie eine solche Festigkeit verleihen, daß sehr große Strecken überspannt werden können. Durch die absolute UV-Stabilität des Fluorpolymers kann ein solches Material besonders gut für Dachkonstruktionen eingesetzt werden. Aber auch die lichtdurchlässigen Wände eines Gewächshauses können hierdurch ersetzt werden. Da speziell die Fluorpolymere auch UV-transparent sind, kann durch den Einsatz der armierten Fluorpolymerfolien auch ein optimales, UV-reiches Licht in Gewächshäusern und anderen Gebäuden sichergestellt werden. Auch ist die Verwendung in Freizeitparks sehr urlaubskonform, da trotz der luftdichten Dachkonstruktion die natürliche Son- nenstrahlung in vollem Umfang zur Nutzung kommt.For example, the use of stainless steel or quartz reinforcements can give the film such strength that very long distances can be covered. Due to the absolute UV stability of the fluoropolymer, such a material can be used particularly well for roof structures. But it can also replace the translucent walls of a greenhouse. Since the fluoropolymers in particular are also UV-transparent, the use of the reinforced fluoropolymer films also ensures optimal, UV-rich light in greenhouses and other buildings. The use in amusement parks is also very holiday-compliant, because in spite of the airtight roof construction, the natural sun radiation is fully used.
Es ist für derartige Zwecke auch möglich, den Fluorpolymeren durch bestimmte Inhaltsstoffe lichtabsorbierende oder -streuende oder andere optische Eigenschaften zu verleihen.For such purposes it is also possible to impart light-absorbing or scattering or other optical properties to the fluoropolymers by means of certain ingredients.
Beispielsweise kann als Zusatzstoff ultrafeines Titandioxyd verwendet werden, wodurch z. B. schädliche UV-Anteile absorbiert werden.For example, ultrafine titanium dioxide can be used as an additive, whereby z. B. harmful UV components are absorbed.
Auch farbliche Effekte je nach Einfallswinkel des Lichtes können damit erzielt werden.Color effects depending on the angle of incidence of the light can also be achieved.
Es ist jedoch auch möglich, z. B. Glimmerplättchen oder Alumi- niumfolienstuckchen einzuarbeiten, die ansprechende optische Effekte erzeugen.However, it is also possible, for. B. mica flakes or aluminum Work in nium foil pieces that produce appealing optical effects.
Bei den armierten Fluorpolymerfolien können jedoch auch Leuchtpigmente in den Ummantelungskunststoff eingesetzt werden. Diese können dann mittels entsprechender UVC-Strahlung zur Anregung gebracht werden.With the reinforced fluoropolymer films, however, luminescent pigments can also be used in the sheathing plastic. These can then be excited using appropriate UVC radiation.
Da Fluorpolymerfolien nicht verwittern, ist der Einsatz über- all dort sinnvoll, wo andere Kunststoffabdeckungen verspröden und vergilben.Since fluoropolymer films do not weather, it is useful wherever other plastic covers become brittle and yellow.
Die hohe Gasdichtigkeit des Fluorpolymers läßt es auch zu, daß eine doppelwandige Folie eingesetzt wird und der Zwischenraum z. B. mit Helium gefüllt wird. Durch die richtige Einstellung der Kissengröße kann das Gasvolumen so eingestellt werden, daß das Gewicht der gesamten Dachkonstruktion durch den Auftrieb des Füllgases kompensiert wird. Da gerade das Helium leichter durch Kunststoffe diffundieren kann, kann zur Absicherung auf den inneren Oberflächen eine sehr dünne Schicht aufgetragen werden, die keine Diffusion von Helium zuläßt. Dies kann z. B. eine sehr dünne Aluminiumschicht sein, wobei die optischen Eigenschaften nur unwesentlich beeinträchtigt werden.The high gas tightness of the fluoropolymer also allows that a double-walled film is used and the space z. B. is filled with helium. By correctly adjusting the cushion size, the gas volume can be adjusted so that the weight of the entire roof structure is compensated for by the buoyancy of the filling gas. Since helium in particular can diffuse more easily through plastics, a very thin layer can be applied on the inner surfaces to ensure that helium does not diffuse. This can e.g. B. be a very thin aluminum layer, the optical properties are only slightly affected.
Wie bereits erwähnt, können neben Stahlfäden auch andere Kernmaterialien eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere können hochfeste Kunststoffäden, Glas- oder Quarzfasern oder sonstige Metalldrähte verwendet werden. Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahren können Armierungsgewebe verwendet werden, durch die sich eine Rückstellkraft ergibt, die einem Fließen des Elastomers entgegenwirkt. Bei einem derartigen Armierungsgewebe kann z. B. beim Weben der Kettfaden sehr stramm und der Schußfaden sehr locker sein, so daß sich bei der Umformung zur Folie ein sehr gerader Kerndraht in Laufrichtung und ein wel- lenförmiger Querdraht ergibt.As already mentioned, other core materials can also be used in addition to steel threads. In particular, high-strength plastic threads, glass or quartz fibers or other metal wires can be used. Reinforcing fabrics can be used in the production methods according to the invention, which result in a restoring force which counteracts a flow of the elastomer. With such a reinforcement fabric, for. B. when weaving the warp thread very tight and the weft thread very loose, so that there is a very straight core wire in the direction of travel and a wave-shaped cross-wire when formed into the film.
Auf diese Weise läßt sich eine flexible, aber auch elastische armierte Kunststoffolie herstellen, die z. B. als UV-trans- parente Folie für Solarienliegen verwendet werden kann.In this way, a flexible, but also elastic reinforced plastic film can be produced, which, for. B. as UV-trans Parent film can be used for sunbeds.
Wird ein größerer Abstand zwischen dem Kerngewebe gewünscht und läßt sich dies durch die Manteldicke nicht mehr einstellen, dann kann dies auch dadurch erreicht werden, daß das Aufbaugewebe so gewebt wird, daß zwischen den ummantelten Fäden ein oder mehrere Fäden aus reinem Mantelmaterial liegen und hierdurch ein beliebiger Abstand von Faden aus Kernmaterial zum nächsten eingestellt werden kann.If a larger distance between the core fabric is desired and this can no longer be adjusted by the jacket thickness, then this can also be achieved by weaving the construction fabric in such a way that one or more yarns of pure jacket material lie between the jacketed threads and thereby one Any distance from the core material thread to the next can be set.
Der Abstand zwischen den Kernfäden ergibt sich aus dem Mantelvolumen und eventuellen Zwischenfäden aus Mantelmaterial und gewünschter Folienstärke.The distance between the core threads results from the sheath volume and any intermediate threads made from sheath material and the desired film thickness.
Zur Umwandlung des Gewebes in den Folien kann die Verklebung des Mantelmaterials entweder durch Hitzestrahlung, durch Kontakthitze bzw. Druck oder bei einigen Kunststoffen auch durch Anlösen des Mantelmaterials durch geeignete Lösemittel erfolgen.To convert the tissue in the films, the covering material can be glued either by heat radiation, by contact heat or pressure or, in the case of some plastics, also by dissolving the covering material with suitable solvents.
Bei einem Herstellungsverfahren gem. Anspruch 2 oder 3, bei dem eine Metallarmierung eingebracht werden soll, kann die Erwärmung der Armierung in einfacher Weise dadurch erfolgen, daß sie an eine Stromquelle angeschlossen wird, so daß sie sich durch den Elektronenfluß gleichmäßig erwärmt und beispielsweise aufgrund ihres Eigengewichtes in die Kunststoffolie einsinkt. Darüber hinaus kann die erwärmte Folie eingedrückt oder eingepreßt werden. Gleiches gilt für die Herstellung einer armierten Kunststoffolie aus einem aus Folie-Armie- rung-Folie bestehendem Verbundmaterial.In a manufacturing process according to Claim 2 or 3, in which a metal reinforcement is to be introduced, the heating of the reinforcement can be carried out in a simple manner by connecting it to a power source, so that it heats up uniformly by the flow of electrons and sinks into the plastic film, for example due to its own weight . In addition, the heated film can be pressed in or pressed in. The same applies to the production of a reinforced plastic film from a composite material consisting of film-reinforcement-film.
Schließlich läßt sich ein solcher Verbund auch in einer Membranpresse herstellen, wobei alle Materialien über die Fließtemperatur des Kunststoffmaterials gebracht werden und dann miteinander verpreßt werden können.Finally, such a composite can also be produced in a membrane press, with all materials being brought above the flow temperature of the plastic material and then being able to be pressed together.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahren bzw. armierten Folien werden im einzelnen anhand der Zeichnungsfiguren 1 bis 12 veranschaulicht.The manufacturing methods or armored foils according to the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawing figures 1 to 12 illustrates.
In Fig. 1 werden Ausgangsfäden 1 dargestellt, wobei der beispielsweise aus einer Glasfaser bestehende Kern 2 durch das Kunststoffmaterial 3 ummantelt ist. Durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 1 kann daraus die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Folie 4 hergestellt werden, in denen die Armierungsfäden 1 parallel zueinander in Längsrichtung verlaufen. Die Kunststoffmäntel 3 sind bei der Herstellung seitlich aus- einandergedrückt worden und haben sich zu der geschlossenen Folie 4 verbunden.1, starting threads 1 are shown, the core 2, which consists, for example, of a glass fiber, being encased by the plastic material 3. The film 4 shown in FIG. 2, in which the reinforcing threads 1 run in the longitudinal direction parallel to one another, can be produced therefrom by a method according to the invention. The plastic sleeves 3 were pressed apart laterally during manufacture and have joined to form the closed film 4.
In Fig. 3 wird ein Gewebe gezeigt, bei dem der Kettfaden 5, der wiederum aus einem Kern 6 und einem Kunststoffmantel 7 besteht, stramm gespannt ist und der Schußfaden 8, ebenfalls aus Kern und Mantel bestehend, die Kettfäden 5 locker verbindet. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Verpressung des Gewebes ergibt sich eine Folie nach Fig. 4, bei der das Mantelmaterial 7 zur geschlossenen Folie 9 geworden ist. Die Kerne der Kettfäden 5 sind gerade, während die Kerne der Schußfäden 8 wellenförmig angeordnet sind. Aus dieser Wellenform ergibt sich die Rückstellkraft in Richtung der Schußfäden 8.In Fig. 3, a fabric is shown, in which the warp thread 5, which in turn consists of a core 6 and a plastic jacket 7, is tightly tensioned and the weft thread 8, also consisting of core and jacket, loosely connects the warp threads 5. 4, in which the jacket material 7 has become a closed film 9. The cores of the warp threads 5 are straight, while the cores of the weft threads 8 are arranged in a wave shape. The restoring force in the direction of the weft threads 8 results from this waveform.
In Fig. 5 ist ein Gewebe aus ummantelten Fäden mit Kern und Mantel im Wechsel mit Fäden 11 aus reinem Mantelmaterial dargestellt. Nach der Verarbeitung ergibt sich die Folie 12 nach Fig. 6, bei der das Gewebe aus dem Kernmaterial im großen Abstand zueinander vorliegt.In Fig. 5 a fabric of covered threads with core and sheath is shown alternating with threads 11 made of pure sheath material. After processing, the film 12 according to FIG. 6 results, in which the tissue made of the core material is at a large distance from one another.
In Fig. 7 ist schematisch dargestellt, wie zwei übereinander- liegende Folien 13, 14 gasdicht verschweißt werden und eine Kissenstruktur bilden, die mit einem leichten Gas 15 gefüllt sind. Durch den hierdurch entstehenden Auftrieb wird die Folie getragen. Die obere Folie 13 weist wiederum eine Armierung auf.FIG. 7 shows schematically how two foils 13, 14 lying one above the other are welded in a gas-tight manner and form a cushion structure which are filled with a light gas 15. Due to the resulting buoyancy, the film is carried. The upper film 13 in turn has a reinforcement.
Eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung der armierten Folien zeigt Fig. 8. Das Gewebe 16 läuft durch die Bremsvorrichtung 17. Die Bremskraft wird durch die Bremsbacke 18 eingestellt. Anschließend läuft das Gewebe an der ersten Aufweichstation 19 vorbei, die eine Wärmestrahlung emittiert. Gegebenenfalls könnte dort auch ein Lösungsmittel ein Lösungsmittel auf die Oberfläche des Gewebes aufgebracht werden.A device for producing the armored foils is shown in FIG. 8. The fabric 16 runs through the braking device 17. The Braking force is set by the brake shoe 18. The fabric then runs past the first softening station 19, which emits thermal radiation. If necessary, a solvent or a solvent could also be applied there to the surface of the fabric.
Anschließend läuft die Gewebebahn über mehrere Rollen 20, die das Mantelmaterial des Gewebes zur geschlossenen Folie zusammenpressen. Je nach den vorgegebenen Verfahrensparametern können mehrere Aufweichstationen bzw. -Rollen vorgesehen sein.The fabric web then runs over a plurality of rollers 20 which press the shell material of the fabric together to form a closed film. Depending on the specified process parameters, several softening stations or rollers can be provided.
Die fertige Folie 21 wird mit Hilfe der Treiberrollen 22 durch das Kalanderwerk gezogen.The finished film 21 is drawn through the calender with the help of the driver rollers 22.
In Fig. 9 wird zwischen zwei fertigen Folien 23, 24 ein Stützgewebe 25 eingelegt und dann zum fertigen Folienverbund 26 unter Hitze verpreßt (Fig. 10).9, a support fabric 25 is inserted between two finished films 23, 24 and then pressed under heat to form the finished film composite 26 (FIG. 10).
In Fig. 11 wird über eine fertige Folie 27 ein heißes Stützge- webe 28 gelegt. Dadurch weicht das Folienmaterial an den Kontaktstellen auf und das Gewebe sinkt in den verflüssigten Kunststoff. Dieser Vorgang kann ggfs. mechanisch unterstützt werden .In Fig. 11, a hot support fabric 28 is placed over a finished sheet 27. As a result, the film material softens at the contact points and the fabric sinks into the liquefied plastic. This process can be mechanically supported if necessary.
Auf diese Weise entsteht die armierte Folie 29 gem. Fig. 12. In this way, the armored film 29 acc. Fig. 12.
BezugszeichenlisteReference list
Ausgangsfaden Kern Kunststoffmantel Folie Kettfaden Kern Kunststoffmantel Schußfaden Folie Faden Faden Folie Folie Folie Gas Gewebe Bremsvorrichtung Bremsbacke Aufweichstation Rolle Folie Treiberrolle Folie Folie Stützgewebe Folienverbund Folie Stützgewebe Folie Starting thread core plastic sheathing film warp thread core plastic sheathing weft thread sheathing thread sheathing foil sheathing gas fabric braking device brake shoe softening station roller foil driving roller foil foil supporting fabric foil composite foil supporting fabric foil

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von insbesondere armierten Kunststoffolien, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß ein zumindest teilweise aus Kunststoffäden oder kunststoffummantelten Fäden (1) bestehendes Gewebe che- misch und/oder physikalisch erweicht wird und mittels Pressen, Rollen, Walzen oder Kalandrieren derart verformt wird, daß sich benachbarte Fäden unter seitlicher Ausweitung des Kunststoffmantels (3) in der späteren Folienebene zur Bildung einer geschlossenen Folie (4) verbinden.1. A method for the production of reinforced plastic films, characterized in that an at least partially plastic threads or plastic-coated threads (1) existing fabric is chemically and / or physically softened and is deformed by pressing, rolling, rolling or calendering in such a way that Connect adjacent threads with lateral expansion of the plastic jacket (3) in the later film level to form a closed film (4).
2. Verfahren zur Herstellung von armierten Kunststoffolien, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Armierung (28) in Form von Fäden oder Geweben über den Erweichungspunkt des Kunststoffes erwärmt und in erwärmten Zustand in die Folie eingedrückt oder eingepreßt wird.2. Process for the production of reinforced plastic foils, so that the reinforcement (28) in the form of threads or fabrics is heated above the softening point of the plastic and pressed or pressed into the foil in the heated state.
3. Verfahren zur Herstellung von armierten Kunststoffolien, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß ein aus Folie (23), Armierung (25), Folie (24) bestehendes Ver- bundmaterial zumindest im Bereich der einander zugewandten Folienseiten erweicht und die Folien unter Einschluß der Armierung (28) miteinander verklebt bzw. verbunden werden.3. Process for the production of reinforced plastic films, characterized in that a composite material consisting of film (23), reinforcement (25), film (24) softens at least in the region of the mutually facing film sides and the films including the reinforcement (28) are glued or connected together.
4. Nach einem der Verfahren gem. Anspruch 1 bis 3 hergestell- te Kunststoffolie, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die kunststoffumantelten Fäden (1) bzw. die Armierung aus Metall, Glas oder Quarz bestehen.4. According to one of the procedures. Claims 1 to 3 produced plastic film, so that the plastic-coated threads (1) or the reinforcement consist of metal, glass or quartz.
5. Nach einem der Verfahren gem. Anspruch 1 hergestellte Kunststoffolie, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Kunststoff (3) aus einem UV-beständigen Fluorpolymer besteht. Kunststoffolie nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß das Fluorpolymer lichtabsorbierende oder streuende Inhaltsstoffe wie Titandioxyd oder Pigmente enthält . 5. According to one of the procedures. Claim 1 manufactured plastic film, characterized in that the plastic (3) consists of a UV-resistant fluoropolymer. Plastic film according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the fluoropolymer contains light-absorbing or scattering ingredients such as titanium dioxide or pigments.
PCT/DE1997/002929 1996-12-17 1997-12-17 Reinforced plastic foil WO1998027250A2 (en)

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DE19652503 1996-12-17

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DE10127076A1 (en) * 2001-06-02 2003-03-06 Hartmut Ortlieb Woven or knitted fabric or yarn arrangement consists of plastic-coated threads or yarns useful for special containers or bags
WO2004000535A1 (en) * 2002-06-22 2003-12-31 Hartmut Ortlieb Fabric, mesh fabric or structure consisting of a plastic material, and method for producing one the same
EP1914057A1 (en) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-23 Inadco AB Method for manufacture of prepregs

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EP0192555A1 (en) * 1985-02-12 1986-08-27 Schlumberger Industries Method for producing synthetic membranes for a gas meter, and gas meter equipped with a membrane obtained by this method
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US5139593A (en) * 1988-01-22 1992-08-18 Institut Textile De France Process for manufacturing a ribbon constituted by at least one yarn impregnated with a thermoplastics polymer
EP0389798A2 (en) * 1989-03-31 1990-10-03 General Electric Company Process for impregnation of glass fiber reinforcement with thermoplastic resins and for producing articles from the impregnated glass fiber
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WO2004000535A1 (en) * 2002-06-22 2003-12-31 Hartmut Ortlieb Fabric, mesh fabric or structure consisting of a plastic material, and method for producing one the same
EP1914057A1 (en) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-23 Inadco AB Method for manufacture of prepregs

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EP0949991A2 (en) 1999-10-20

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