WO1998019878A1 - Hybrid motor vehicle - Google Patents
Hybrid motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998019878A1 WO1998019878A1 PCT/EP1997/006198 EP9706198W WO9819878A1 WO 1998019878 A1 WO1998019878 A1 WO 1998019878A1 EP 9706198 W EP9706198 W EP 9706198W WO 9819878 A1 WO9819878 A1 WO 9819878A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electric motor
- vehicle according
- accessories
- vehicle
- heat engine
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/348—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed
- B60K17/35—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches
- B60K17/352—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches manually operated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/30—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hybrid motor vehicle comprising a heat engine, an electric motor, means for supplying the heat engine, at least one storage battery for supplying the electric motor and accessories comprising in particular a starter, an alternator, a pump water, a steering assistance system, a braking assistance device, an air conditioner, said electric motor being arranged to have the triple function of electric motor for driving the vehicle, electric starter for the heat engine and d '' alternator for recharging the storage battery.
- Vehicles of this type are already marketed by certain brands under the name of hybrid cars, designed to simultaneously offer the advantages of drive by an internal combustion engine and those of drive by an electric motor.
- they comprise on the one hand a heat engine block equipped with all of its conventional accessories, in particular a starter and an alternator and on the other hand an electric motor associated with an electronic control and with a group of batteries d 'Accumulators.
- the electric motor is intended to drive the vehicle in urban areas and the heat engine is intended to assume this function outside these areas. Therefore, the engine block on the one hand and the electric motor with its environment on the other hand are juxtaposed entities each comprising all the components necessary for their operation.
- the engine block includes an alternator and a starter.
- US-A-5, 549,524 describes a propulsion system using a heat engine combined with an electric motor, the latter being able to function as well as an engine as a generator.
- a central controller receives information from a manual interface unit which allows the management of the electric motor control unit only.
- the present invention proposes to overcome the drawbacks of known embodiments and offers a more economical hybrid vehicle, of simple and rational use, lighter and better meeting both the requirements of drivers and those of manufacturers while better respecting the regulations. in force in the fight against pollution.
- a hybrid vehicle according to the invention as defined in the preamble, characterized in that all of said accessories are driven by the electric motor and in that the heat engine is coupled to the electric motor by a clutch device. arranged to be ordered according to road conditions. According to a first embodiment of the invention, said clutch device is controlled manually.
- said clutch device is controlled automatically by means of a control signal emitted by an automatic control device.
- the electric motor preferably has a power of between 10 and 40 horsepower and advantageously between 20 and 25 horsepower.
- the heat engine and the electric motor are advantageously arranged adjacent to each other.
- This vehicle comprises at least one storage battery arranged to supply the electric motor.
- it preferably includes an automatic control device for the thermal and electric motors according to road conditions.
- the accessories are driven by the electric motor at different speeds depending on the accessories.
- These accessories are preferably housed in a housing and each comprise a drive pinion engaged with a drive pinion mounted on the output shaft of the electric motor by means of a toothed belt.
- the accessory drive pinions can have different dimensions so that their respective rotational speed is at least approximately equal to a predetermined optimum value.
- the accessory drive pinions can also be associated with gears arranged so that their respective rotational speed is at least approximately equal to a predetermined optimum value.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a hybrid motor vehicle according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows schematically the electric motor and the vehicle accessories box according to the invention.
- the vehicle shown schematically comprises an electric motor 10 and a heat engine 11 which are mounted close to each other, for example at the front of the vehicle.
- a traditional gearbox 12 is mounted laterally on the heat engine 11.
- the output shaft 13 of the gearbox 12 constitutes the drive shaft of the front drive wheels 14 of the vehicle.
- the assembly consisting of the front axle 15, the engine block comprising the electric motor 10 and the internal combustion engine 11, and accessories (which will be described later) is coupled to a beam chassis 16 which also carries the rear axle 17.
- the beam frame 16 is hollow and contains, for example, a fuel tank 18 for supplying the heat engine 11.
- Accumulator batteries 19 are mounted at the front of the vehicle near the engine block. Their purpose is to supply power to the electric motor 10.
- FIG. 2 mainly represents the electric motor 10, which is a conventional electric motor of relatively low power.
- This motor is associated with an accessory box 20 which is, in the example shown directly mounted on the carcass of the electric motor.
- This box contains for example a pump 21 of circulation of the coolant whose axis carries a pinion 21a which is engaged with a toothed belt 22 driven by a drive pinion 23 mounted on the output shaft of the electric motor 10.
- This housing also contains a pump high pressure 24 whose axis carries a pinion 24a also engaged with the toothed belt 22.
- It also contains a compressor 25 which is an essential accessory in a device for producing air conditioning and whose axis carries a pinion 25a taken with the toothed belt 22.
- the drive pinions 21a, 24a and 25a respectively of the pump 21, called the water pump, of the high pressure pump 24 and of the compressor 25 have diameters adapted as a function of the optimal speed of rotation of the accessory concerned. As a result, it is possible to drive the accessory at the speed at which it performs best and is most profitable.
- the electric motor 10 assumes a fourfold function: a traction motor function, a starter function to start the thermal engine 11, an alternator function to ensure the recharging of the storage battery 19 and a drive function of the accessories.
- a clutch mounted on the primary shaft of the gearbox allows the two motors to be coupled and uncoupled.
- This clutch is of the known type, for example of the metal powder type with electrical induction.
- the vehicle includes an electronic control device which provides automatic management of the two engines and of all the accessories. However, this management can, where appropriate, also be done manually.
- a first phase of operation when the driver turns the ignition key to start the engine in order to move his vehicle at low speed, at very low speed, that is to say about two thousand revolutions per minute, the need in power is of the order of five to six horses. All accessories, namely the pump to water, the high pressure oil pump to drive the power steering and the power brakes, the air conditioning compressor, start up, powered by this electric motor. The engine is stopped.
- the vehicle is moved out of a garage or out of a parking space, with electric traction as the only motor means, the available power of which can reach a few tens of horses, in the production is sufficient to fulfill these functions.
- the engine is still stopped.
- the electric motor remains engaged to drive the accessories, which releases all the power of the heat engine for driving the vehicle.
- all the accessories are driven by the electric motor at an appropriate speed so that they operate in the most efficient manner, that is to say at the best efficiency.
- the alternator frequently rotates at a speed of around 18,000 revolutions per minute.
- this accessory should rotate at around 2000 revolutions per minute to operate at its best performance.
- the compressor in the air conditioning system usually runs at 6000 rpm in a conventional vehicle, while its optimum performance is reached at 2000 rpm.
- the optimum performance of the high-pressure oil pump for the power steering and power brakes is reached at 2,000 rpm while this accessory frequently rotates at 8,000 rpm in a conventional vehicle.
- the high pressure pump heats up to the point where the oil emulsifies, which requires the installation of a cooling radiator.
- the high-pressure oil pump is activated to the maximum, in conventional vehicles, while the power steering is practically not used.
- the electric motor is disengaged, after having reached a predetermined cruising speed and after a defined time, for example of ten seconds of stabilized speed, and becomes an alternator.
- the power of the heat engine alone is sufficient to drive the vehicle.
- This clutch is then driven by the heat engine by means of a clutch.
- This clutch is preferably of the metal powder type known per se.
- a simple acceleration controlled by pressing the accelerator pedal more strongly resets the electric motor to provide the total power available on the vehicle, namely that of the combustion engine and that of the electric motor. .
- all of the commands are automatic and controlled by the electronic unit.
- the driver practically intervenes only by controlling the accelerator.
- all or part of the orders can be carried out manually.
- the driver has a manual control to switch to "all electric".
- the electric motor associated with the heat engine can also assist the heat engine when the latter is running at very low speed and tends to stall when the fuel-oxidant mixtures are very poor. This is a constraint imposed by anti-pollution measures. The side effect recorded is the obtaining of a very hot flame in the engine, which is bad for the organs of the engine.
- the support of the electric motor allows the heat engine to work at very low speed with very poor mixtures without risk of stalling.
- the invention fulfills all its objectives, namely to combine the advantages of the heat engine vehicle in extra-urban areas where pollution it generates is not critical and the electric motor vehicle for urban areas and those where traffic conditions do not require the use of an internal combustion engine.
- the heat engine constitutes a reserve of power for the electric motor which becomes the main engine of the vehicle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a more economical hybrid motor vehicle, of simple and rational use, lighter and more readily satisfying the requirements of drivers and those of manufacturers and particularly motorists, while better complying with current regulations concerning pollution abatement. This hybrid motor vehicle comprises in particular an electric motor (10), a thermal engine (11), means for supplying the thermal engine, at least one accumulator battery (19) for supplying the electric motor and accessories including in particular a starter, an alternator, a water pump, a power steering system, a power braking device, an air conditioner, said electric motor (10) being arranged for the triple function of electrically driving the vehicle, electrically starting the thermal engine (11) and as alternator for recharging of the accumulator battery (19). The invention is characterised in that all said accessories are driven by the electric motor (10) and the thermal engine (11) is coupled with the electric motor (10) by a clutch device arranged to be controlled according to road conditions. The invention is applicable to the motorcar industry.
Description
VEHICULE AUTOMOBILE HYBRIDEHYBRID MOTOR VEHICLE
La présente invention concerne un véhicule automobile hybride comportant un moteur thermique, un moteur électrique, des moyens pour alimenter le moteur thermique, au moins une batterie d'accumulateurs pour alimenter le moteur électrique et des accessoires comprenant notamment un démarreur, un alternateur, une pompe à eau, un système d'assistance de la direction, un dispositif d'assistance au freinage, un climatiseur, ledit moteur électrique étant agencé pour avoir la triple fonction de moteur d'entraînement électrique du véhicule, de démarreur électrique du moteur thermique et d'alternateur de recharge de la batterie d'accumulateurs.The present invention relates to a hybrid motor vehicle comprising a heat engine, an electric motor, means for supplying the heat engine, at least one storage battery for supplying the electric motor and accessories comprising in particular a starter, an alternator, a pump water, a steering assistance system, a braking assistance device, an air conditioner, said electric motor being arranged to have the triple function of electric motor for driving the vehicle, electric starter for the heat engine and d '' alternator for recharging the storage battery.
Des véhicules de ce type sont d'ores et déjà commercialisés par certaines marques sous la dénomination de voitures hybrides, conçues pour offrir simultanément les avantages de l'entraînement par un moteur thermique et ceux d'un entraînement par un moteur électrique. Ils comportent à cet effet d'une part un bloc moteur thermique équipé de tous ses accessoires classiques, notamment d'un démarreur et d'un alternateur et d'autre part un moteur électrique associé à une commande électronique et à un groupe de batteries d'accumulateurs. Ces deux entités sont destinées à travailler alternativement d'une manière autonome. Plus exactement, le moteur électrique est destiné à assurer l'entraînement du véhicule dans les zones urbaines et le moteur thermique est destiné à assumer cette fonction hors de ces zones. De ce fait, le bloc moteur thermique d'une part et le moteur électrique avec son environnement d'autre part sont des entités juxtaposées comprenant chacune tous les composants nécessaires à leur fonctionnement. En particulier, le bloc moteur thermique comporte un alternateur et un démarreur.Vehicles of this type are already marketed by certain brands under the name of hybrid cars, designed to simultaneously offer the advantages of drive by an internal combustion engine and those of drive by an electric motor. To this end, they comprise on the one hand a heat engine block equipped with all of its conventional accessories, in particular a starter and an alternator and on the other hand an electric motor associated with an electronic control and with a group of batteries d 'Accumulators. These two entities are intended to work alternately independently. More precisely, the electric motor is intended to drive the vehicle in urban areas and the heat engine is intended to assume this function outside these areas. Therefore, the engine block on the one hand and the electric motor with its environment on the other hand are juxtaposed entities each comprising all the components necessary for their operation. In particular, the engine block includes an alternator and a starter.
Il en résulte que ces véhicules hybrides sont complexes, lourds, coûteux à l'utilisation et à l'entretien. Le poids élevé généré par la présence de batteries d'alimentation du moteur électrique diminue considérablement les performances propres du véhicule et son autonomie. En conséquence, la plupart des voitures hybrides connues à ce jour ne présente qu'un seul avantage lié aux problèmes de pollution, qui est partiellement
détruit par des inconvénients liés au poids entraînant une augmentation de la consommation non négligeable.As a result, these hybrid vehicles are complex, heavy, costly to use and maintain. The high weight generated by the presence of batteries supplying the electric motor considerably reduces the vehicle's own performance and range. As a result, most of the hybrid cars known to date have only one advantage linked to pollution problems, which is partially destroyed by weight-related drawbacks resulting in a significant increase in consumption.
La publication américaine US-A-5, 549,524 décrit un système de propulsion utilisant un moteur thermique combiné à un moteur électrique, ce dernier pouvant fonctionner aussi bien en moteur qu'en générateur. Un contrôleur central reçoit des informations d'une unité d'interface manuelle qui permet de gérer uniquement l'unité de commande du moteur électrique.The US publication US-A-5, 549,524 describes a propulsion system using a heat engine combined with an electric motor, the latter being able to function as well as an engine as a generator. A central controller receives information from a manual interface unit which allows the management of the electric motor control unit only.
Dans tous les véhicules connus, les accessoires sont couplés au moteur thermique et entraînés par ce dernier. Il en résulte que la vitesse de rotation effective de ces accessoires n'est que rarement égale ou proche de leur vitesse de rotation optimale. Dans la majorité des cas cette vitesse effective est beaucoup plus élevée que la vitesse à laquelle les accessoires offrent les meilleures conditions de fonctionnement et le meilleur rendement. Il en résulte une usure prématurée de ces accessoires, une surcharge vu qu'ils doivent être conçus et réalisés pour résister à des contraintes exagérées et des dysfonctionnements inévitables de certains autres organes fonctionnellement liés à ces accessoires.In all known vehicles, the accessories are coupled to the internal combustion engine and driven by the latter. As a result, the effective rotation speed of these accessories is only rarely equal to or close to their optimal rotation speed. In the majority of cases this effective speed is much higher than the speed at which the accessories offer the best operating conditions and the best efficiency. This results in premature wear of these accessories, an overload since they must be designed and produced to resist exaggerated stresses and inevitable malfunctions of certain other organs functionally linked to these accessories.
La présente invention se propose de pallier les inconvénients des réalisations connues et offre un véhicule hybride plus économique, d'utilisation simple et rationnelle, plus léger et répondant mieux à la fois aux exigences des conducteurs et à celles des constructeurs tout en respectant mieux les réglementations en vigueur en matière de lutte contre la pollution.The present invention proposes to overcome the drawbacks of known embodiments and offers a more economical hybrid vehicle, of simple and rational use, lighter and better meeting both the requirements of drivers and those of manufacturers while better respecting the regulations. in force in the fight against pollution.
Ce but est atteint par un véhicule hybride selon l'invention, tel que défini en préambule, caractérisé en ce que tous lesdits accessoires sont entraînés par le moteur électrique et en ce que le moteur thermique est accouplé au moteur électrique par un dispositif d'embrayage agencé pour être commandé en fonction des conditions routières.
Selon une première forme de réalisation de l'invention, ledit dispositif d'embrayage est commandé de façon manuelle.This object is achieved by a hybrid vehicle according to the invention, as defined in the preamble, characterized in that all of said accessories are driven by the electric motor and in that the heat engine is coupled to the electric motor by a clutch device. arranged to be ordered according to road conditions. According to a first embodiment of the invention, said clutch device is controlled manually.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, ledit dispositif d'embrayage est commandé de façon automatique au moyen d'un signal de commande émis par un dispositif de commande automatique.According to a second embodiment of the invention, said clutch device is controlled automatically by means of a control signal emitted by an automatic control device.
Le moteur électrique a de préférence une puissance comprise entre 10 et 40 chevaux et avantageusement entre 20 et 25 chevaux.The electric motor preferably has a power of between 10 and 40 horsepower and advantageously between 20 and 25 horsepower.
Le moteur thermique et le moteur électrique sont avantageusement disposés de façon adjacente.The heat engine and the electric motor are advantageously arranged adjacent to each other.
Ce véhicule comporte au moins une batterie d'accumulateur agencée pour alimenter le moteur électrique .This vehicle comprises at least one storage battery arranged to supply the electric motor.
Par ailleurs, il comporte de préférence un dispositif de commande automatique des moteurs thermique et électrique en fonction des conditions routières.Furthermore, it preferably includes an automatic control device for the thermal and electric motors according to road conditions.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulièrement avantageuse les accessoires sont entraînés par le moteur électrique à des vitesses différentes selon les accessoires.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the accessories are driven by the electric motor at different speeds depending on the accessories.
Ces accessoires sont de préférence logés dans un boîtier et comportent chacun un pignon d'entraînement en prise avec un pignon d'entraînement monté sur l'arbre de sortie du moteur électrique par l'intermédiaire d'une courroie crantée .These accessories are preferably housed in a housing and each comprise a drive pinion engaged with a drive pinion mounted on the output shaft of the electric motor by means of a toothed belt.
Les pignons d'entraînement des accessoires peuvent avoir des dimensions différentes pour que leur vitesse de rotation respective soit au moins approximativement égale à une valeur optimale prédéterminée.
Les pignons d'entraînement des accessoires peuvent également être associés à des engrenages agencés pour que leur vitesse de rotation respective soit au moins approximativement égale à une valeur optimale prédéterminée.The accessory drive pinions can have different dimensions so that their respective rotational speed is at least approximately equal to a predetermined optimum value. The accessory drive pinions can also be associated with gears arranged so that their respective rotational speed is at least approximately equal to a predetermined optimum value.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise en référence à la description d'une forme de réalisation préférée et aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, dans lesquels :The present invention will be better understood with reference to the description of a preferred embodiment and to the accompanying drawings given by way of non-limiting examples, in which:
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement un véhicule automobile hybride selon l'invention, etFIG. 1 schematically represents a hybrid motor vehicle according to the invention, and
- la figure 2 représente schématiquement le moteur électrique et le boîtier des accessoires du véhicule selon l'invention.- Figure 2 shows schematically the electric motor and the vehicle accessories box according to the invention.
En référence à la figure 1, le véhicule représenté schématiquement comporte un moteur électrique 10 et un moteur thermique 11 qui sont montés à proximité l'un de l'autre, par exemple à l'avant du véhicule. Une boîte de vitesses traditionnelle 12 est montée latéralement sur le moteur thermique 11. L'arbre de sortie 13 de la boîte de vitesses 12 constitue l'arbre d'entraînement des roues avant motrices 14 du véhicule.Referring to Figure 1, the vehicle shown schematically comprises an electric motor 10 and a heat engine 11 which are mounted close to each other, for example at the front of the vehicle. A traditional gearbox 12 is mounted laterally on the heat engine 11. The output shaft 13 of the gearbox 12 constitutes the drive shaft of the front drive wheels 14 of the vehicle.
L'ensemble constitué du train avant 15, du bloc moteur comprenant le moteur électrique 10 et le moteur thermique 11, et des accessoires (qui seront décrits par la suite) est accouplé à un châssis poutre 16 qui porte par ailleurs le train arrière 17. Le châssis poutre 16 est creux et contient par exemple un réservoir de carburant 18 pour alimenter le moteur thermique 11. Des batteries d'accumulateurs 19 sont montées à l'avant du véhicule à proximité du bloc moteur. Elles ont pour but d'assurer l'alimentation en énergie du moteur électrique 10.The assembly consisting of the front axle 15, the engine block comprising the electric motor 10 and the internal combustion engine 11, and accessories (which will be described later) is coupled to a beam chassis 16 which also carries the rear axle 17. The beam frame 16 is hollow and contains, for example, a fuel tank 18 for supplying the heat engine 11. Accumulator batteries 19 are mounted at the front of the vehicle near the engine block. Their purpose is to supply power to the electric motor 10.
La figure 2 représente principalement le moteur électrique 10, qui est un moteur électrique classique de relativement faible puissance. Ce moteur est associé à un boîtier d'accessoires 20 qui est, dans l'exemple représenté directement monté sur la carcasse du moteur électrique. Ce boîtier contient par exemple une pompe 21 de
circulation du fluide de refroidissement dont l'axe porte un pignon 21a qui est en prise avec une courroie crantée 22 entraînée par un pignon d'entraînement 23 monté sur l'arbre de sortie du moteur électrique 10. Ce boîtier contient par ailleurs une pompe à haute pression 24 dont l'axe porte un pignon 24a également en prise avec la courroie crantée 22. Il contient encore un compresseur 25 qui constitue un accessoire indispensable dans un dispositif de production d'air conditionné et dont l'axe porte un pignon 25a en prise avec la courroie crantée 22.FIG. 2 mainly represents the electric motor 10, which is a conventional electric motor of relatively low power. This motor is associated with an accessory box 20 which is, in the example shown directly mounted on the carcass of the electric motor. This box contains for example a pump 21 of circulation of the coolant whose axis carries a pinion 21a which is engaged with a toothed belt 22 driven by a drive pinion 23 mounted on the output shaft of the electric motor 10. This housing also contains a pump high pressure 24 whose axis carries a pinion 24a also engaged with the toothed belt 22. It also contains a compressor 25 which is an essential accessory in a device for producing air conditioning and whose axis carries a pinion 25a taken with the toothed belt 22.
On constate que tous les accessoires sont entraînés par le moteur électrique 10, grâce à la courroie 22 crantée sur les deux faces. Les pignons d'entraînement 21a, 24a et 25a respectivement de la pompe 21, dite pompe à eau, de la pompe à haute pression 24 et du compresseur 25 ont des diamètres adaptés en fonction de la vitesse de rotation optimale de l'accessoire concerné. De ce fait il est possible d'assurer un entraînement de l'accessoire à la vitesse à laquelle il est le plus performant et le plus rentable.It is found that all the accessories are driven by the electric motor 10, thanks to the belt 22 notched on both sides. The drive pinions 21a, 24a and 25a respectively of the pump 21, called the water pump, of the high pressure pump 24 and of the compressor 25 have diameters adapted as a function of the optimal speed of rotation of the accessory concerned. As a result, it is possible to drive the accessory at the speed at which it performs best and is most profitable.
Le moteur électrique 10 assume une quadruple fonction : une fonction de moteur de traction, une fonction de démarreur pour lancer le moteur thermique 11 , une fonction d'alternateur pour assurer la recharge de la batterie d'accumulateurs 19 et une fonction d'entraînement des accessoires. Un embrayage monté sur l'arbre primaire de la boîte de vitesses permet l'accouplement et le désaccouplement des deux moteurs. Cet embrayage est du type connu, par exemple du type à poudre métallique à induction électrique.The electric motor 10 assumes a fourfold function: a traction motor function, a starter function to start the thermal engine 11, an alternator function to ensure the recharging of the storage battery 19 and a drive function of the accessories. A clutch mounted on the primary shaft of the gearbox allows the two motors to be coupled and uncoupled. This clutch is of the known type, for example of the metal powder type with electrical induction.
Dans une forme de réalisation préférentielle, le véhicule comporte un dispositif de commande électronique qui assure la gestion automatique des deux moteurs et de tous les accessoires. Toutefois, cette gestion peut, le cas échéant également se faire manuellement.In a preferred embodiment, the vehicle includes an electronic control device which provides automatic management of the two engines and of all the accessories. However, this management can, where appropriate, also be done manually.
Au cours d'une première phase de fonctionnement, lorsque le conducteur tourne la clé de contact pour mettre le moteur en marche en vue de déplacer son véhicule à petite vitesse, à très bas régime, soit à environ deux mille tours par minute, le besoin en puissance est de l'ordre de cinq à six chevaux. Tous les accessoires, à savoir la pompe
à eau, la pompe à huile à haute pression pour entraîner la servodirection et les servofreins, le compresseur de la climatisation, se mettent en route, actionnés par ce moteur électrique. Le moteur thermique est à l'arrêt.During a first phase of operation, when the driver turns the ignition key to start the engine in order to move his vehicle at low speed, at very low speed, that is to say about two thousand revolutions per minute, the need in power is of the order of five to six horses. All accessories, namely the pump to water, the high pressure oil pump to drive the power steering and the power brakes, the air conditioning compressor, start up, powered by this electric motor. The engine is stopped.
Au cours d'une deuxième phase, le véhicule est déplacé hors d'un garage ou sort d'une place de parc, avec comme unique moyen moteur, la traction électrique dont la puissance disponible qui peut atteindre quelques dizaines de chevaux, dans la réalisation prévue, est suffisante pour remplir ces fonctions. Le moteur thermique est toujours à l'arrêt.During a second phase, the vehicle is moved out of a garage or out of a parking space, with electric traction as the only motor means, the available power of which can reach a few tens of horses, in the production is sufficient to fulfill these functions. The engine is still stopped.
Au cours d'une troisième phase, par une simple accélération demandée par le conducteur par un appui sur la pédale correspondante du véhicule, le moteur électrique est sollicité pour assumer sa fonction de démarreur du moteur thermique. Le moteur thermique se met en marche et le moteur électrique est débrayé.During a third phase, by a simple acceleration requested by the driver by pressing the corresponding pedal of the vehicle, the electric motor is called upon to assume its function of starter of the heat engine. The heat engine starts and the electric motor is disengaged.
Toutefois, le moteur électrique reste enclenché pour entraîner les accessoires, ce qui libère toute la puissance du moteur thermique pour l'entraînement du véhicule. En outre, tous les accessoires sont entraînés par le moteur électrique à une vitesse appropriée pour qu'ils fonctionnent de la manière la plus efficace c'est-à-dire au meilleur rendement. A ce propos il convient de noter que dans un véhicule traditionnel l'alternateur tourne fréquemment à une vitesse avoisinant 18000 tours par minute. Or il est connu que cet accessoire devrait tourner à environ 2000 tours par minute pour fonctionner à son meilleur rendement. Le compresseur de l'installation de climatisation tourne habituellement à 6000 tours par minute dans un véhicule classique, alors que son rendement optimal est atteint à 2000 tours par minute. Enfin le rendement optimal de la pompe à huile à haute pression de la servodirection et des servofreins est atteint à 2000 tours par minute alors que cet accessoire tourne fréquemment à 8000 tours par minute dans un véhicule classique. A cette vitesse élevée, la pompe à haute pression chauffe au point de faire entrer l'huile en émulsion ce qui nécessite l'installation d'un radiateur de refroidissement. Sur autoroute, à vitesse élevée, la pompe à huile à haute pression est activée au maximum, dans les véhicules classiques alors que l'on n'utilise pratiquement pas la servodirection. Ces vitesses
différenciées peuvent être ajustées grâce à un dimensionnement adapté des pignons d'entraînement des accessoires ou par l'adjonction d'un jeu d'engrenages de démultiplication ou de réduction.However, the electric motor remains engaged to drive the accessories, which releases all the power of the heat engine for driving the vehicle. In addition, all the accessories are driven by the electric motor at an appropriate speed so that they operate in the most efficient manner, that is to say at the best efficiency. In this regard it should be noted that in a traditional vehicle the alternator frequently rotates at a speed of around 18,000 revolutions per minute. However, it is known that this accessory should rotate at around 2000 revolutions per minute to operate at its best performance. The compressor in the air conditioning system usually runs at 6000 rpm in a conventional vehicle, while its optimum performance is reached at 2000 rpm. Finally, the optimum performance of the high-pressure oil pump for the power steering and power brakes is reached at 2,000 rpm while this accessory frequently rotates at 8,000 rpm in a conventional vehicle. At this high speed, the high pressure pump heats up to the point where the oil emulsifies, which requires the installation of a cooling radiator. On motorways, at high speed, the high-pressure oil pump is activated to the maximum, in conventional vehicles, while the power steering is practically not used. These speeds differentiated can be adjusted by suitable sizing of the accessory drive gears or by the addition of a set of reduction or reduction gears.
Au cours d'une quatrième phase, lorsque le véhicule a atteint sa vitesse de croisière, le moteur électrique est débrayé, après avoir atteint une vitesse de croisière prédéterminée et après un temps défini, par exemple d'une dizaine de secondes de vitesse stabilisée, et devient alternateur. La puissance du moteur thermique seul est suffisante pour entraîner le véhicule. Il reste suffisamment de puissance inutilisée par le moteur thermique pour assurer la recharge des batteries. C'est à cet effet que le moteur électrique devient alternateur. Il est alors entraîné par le moteur thermique au moyen d'un embrayage. Cet embrayage est de préférence du type à poudre métallique connu en soi.During a fourth phase, when the vehicle has reached its cruising speed, the electric motor is disengaged, after having reached a predetermined cruising speed and after a defined time, for example of ten seconds of stabilized speed, and becomes an alternator. The power of the heat engine alone is sufficient to drive the vehicle. There is enough power left unused by the heat engine to recharge the batteries. It is for this purpose that the electric motor becomes an alternator. It is then driven by the heat engine by means of a clutch. This clutch is preferably of the metal powder type known per se.
Au cours d'une cinquième phase, par exemple pour un dépassement, le conducteur a besoin momentanément d'un surplus de puissance. Une simple accélération commandée par un appui plus marqué sur la pédale d'accélération, (couramment appelé «kick-down») réenclenche le moteur électrique pour fournir la puissance totale disponible sur le véhicule, à savoir celle du moteur thermique et celle du moteur électrique.During a fifth phase, for example for overtaking, the driver temporarily needs extra power. A simple acceleration controlled by pressing the accelerator pedal more strongly (commonly called "kick-down") resets the electric motor to provide the total power available on the vehicle, namely that of the combustion engine and that of the electric motor. .
Dans cette réalisation, toutes les commandes sont automatiques et pilotées par le boîtier électronique. Le conducteur n'intervient pratiquement que par la commande de l'accélérateur. Selon une variante, tout ou partie des commandes peuvent être effectuées manuellement. En particulier, lorsque le véhicule est amené à circuler dans une zone dite piétonne, par exemple au centre d'une ville, le conducteur dispose d'une commande manuelle pour passer en «tout électrique».In this embodiment, all of the commands are automatic and controlled by the electronic unit. The driver practically intervenes only by controlling the accelerator. According to a variant, all or part of the orders can be carried out manually. In particular, when the vehicle is brought to circulate in a so-called pedestrian zone, for example in the center of a city, the driver has a manual control to switch to "all electric".
Ce véhicule cumule tous les avantages des systèmes hybrides imaginés à ce jour sans en avoir les inconvénients. Le moteur électrique associé au moteur thermique peut également prêter son assistance au moteur thermique lorsque celui-ci tourne à très bas régime et a tendance à caler quand les mélanges carburant-comburant sont très
pauvres. Or ceci est une contrainte imposée par les mesures antipollution. L'effet secondaire enregistré est l'obtention d'une flamme très chaude dans le moteur, ce qui est mauvais pour les organes du moteur. L'appui du moteur électrique permet au moteur thermique de travailler à très bas régime avec des mélanges très pauvres sans risque de caler.This vehicle combines all the advantages of the hybrid systems imagined to date without having the disadvantages. The electric motor associated with the heat engine can also assist the heat engine when the latter is running at very low speed and tends to stall when the fuel-oxidant mixtures are very poor. This is a constraint imposed by anti-pollution measures. The side effect recorded is the obtaining of a very hot flame in the engine, which is bad for the organs of the engine. The support of the electric motor allows the heat engine to work at very low speed with very poor mixtures without risk of stalling.
L'invention remplit tous ses objectifs, à savoir combiner les avantages du véhicule à moteur thermique dans les zones extra-urbaines où la pollution qu'il engendre n'est pas critique et du véhicule à moteur électrique pour les zones urbaines et celles où les conditions de circulation ne nécessitent pas le recours au moteur thermique. Le moteur thermique constitue une réserve de puissance pour le moteur électrique qui devient le moteur principal du véhicule
The invention fulfills all its objectives, namely to combine the advantages of the heat engine vehicle in extra-urban areas where pollution it generates is not critical and the electric motor vehicle for urban areas and those where traffic conditions do not require the use of an internal combustion engine. The heat engine constitutes a reserve of power for the electric motor which becomes the main engine of the vehicle
Claims
1. Véhicule automobile hybride comportant un moteur thermique (11), un moteur électrique (10), des moyens pour alimenter le moteur thermique, au moins une batterie d'accumulateurs (19) pour alimenter le moteur électrique et des accessoires comprenant notamment un démarreur, un alternateur, une pompe à eau, un système d'assistance de la direction, un dispositif d'assistance au freinage, un climatiseur, ledit moteur électrique (10) étant agencé pour avoir la triple fonction de moteur d'entraînement électrique du véhicule, de démarreur électrique du moteur thermique (11) et d'alternateur de recharge de la batterie d'accumulateurs, caractérisé en ce que tous lesdits accessoires sont entraînés par le moteur électrique (10) et en ce que le moteur thermique (11) est accouplé au moteur électrique (10) par un dispositif d'embrayage agencé pour être commandé en fonction des conditions routières.1. Hybrid motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine (11), an electric motor (10), means for supplying the internal combustion engine, at least one storage battery (19) for supplying the electric motor and accessories comprising in particular a starter , an alternator, a water pump, a steering assistance system, a braking assistance device, an air conditioner, said electric motor (10) being arranged to have the triple function of electric vehicle driving motor , electric starter of the heat engine (11) and alternator for recharging the storage battery, characterized in that all of said accessories are driven by the electric motor (10) and in that the heat engine (11) is coupled to the electric motor (10) by a clutch device arranged to be controlled according to road conditions.
2. Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif d'embrayage est commandé de façon manuelle.2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that said clutch device is controlled manually.
3. Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif d'embrayage est commandé de façon automatique au moyen d'un signal de commande émis par un dispositif de commande automatique.3. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that said clutch device is controlled automatically by means of a control signal emitted by an automatic control device.
4. Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moteur électrique (10) a une puissance comprise entre 10 et 40 chevaux et de préférence entre 20 et 25 chevaux.4. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor (10) has a power between 10 and 40 horses and preferably between 20 and 25 horses.
5. Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moteur thermique (11) et le moteur électrique (10) sont disposés de façon adjacente.5. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat engine (11) and the electric motor (10) are arranged adjacent.
6. Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins une batterie d'accumulateurs (19) agencée pour alimenter le moteur électrique (10). 6. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one storage battery (19) arranged to supply the electric motor (10).
7. Véhicule selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte dispositif de commande automatique des moteurs thermique et électrique en fonction des conditions routières.7. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises automatic control device of the thermal and electric motors according to road conditions.
5 8.- Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les accessoires sont entraînés par le moteur électrique à des vitesses différentes selon les accessoires.8. A vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the accessories are driven by the electric motor at different speeds depending on the accessories.
9.- Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les accessoires sont logés dans un boîtier et comportent chacun un pignon d'entonnement en prise avec un 10 pignon entraînement (23) monté sur l'arbre de sortie du moteur électrique (10) par l'intermédiaire d'une courroie crantée (22).9.- Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the accessories are housed in a housing and each comprise an entrainment pinion engaged with a drive pinion (23) mounted on the output shaft of the electric motor (10 ) by means of a toothed belt (22).
10.- Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les pignons entraînement des accessoires ont des dimensions différentes pour que leur vitesse de rotation 15 respective soit au moins approximativement égale à une valeur optimale prédéterminée.10.- Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the accessory drive pinions have different dimensions so that their respective rotational speed is at least approximately equal to a predetermined optimum value.
I - Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les pignons entraînement des accessoires sont associés à des engrenages agencés pour que leur vitesse de 2.0 rotation respective soit au moins approximativement égale à une valeur optimale prédéterminée. I - Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the accessory drive pinions are associated with gears arranged so that their respective 2.0 rotation speed is at least approximately equal to a predetermined optimum value.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR9614033A FR2755406B1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1996-11-07 | HYBRID MOTOR VEHICLE |
FR96/14033 | 1996-11-07 |
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WO1998019878A1 true WO1998019878A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
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PCT/EP1997/006198 WO1998019878A1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1997-11-07 | Hybrid motor vehicle |
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AR (1) | AR010283A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2755406B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998019878A1 (en) |
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JP2857535B2 (en) * | 1992-05-19 | 1999-02-17 | 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ | Hybrid vehicle |
US5343970A (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-09-06 | Severinsky Alex J | Hybrid electric vehicle |
-
1996
- 1996-11-07 FR FR9614033A patent/FR2755406B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-11-07 WO PCT/EP1997/006198 patent/WO1998019878A1/en active Application Filing
- 1997-11-10 AR ARP970105208A patent/AR010283A1/en unknown
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GB1495261A (en) * | 1975-01-07 | 1977-12-14 | Foster D | Fuel-conserving automobile vehicles |
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"Ford est sur les rangs", REVUE AUTOMOBILE, no. 89, 12 May 1994 (1994-05-12), BERNE, CH, pages 15, XP000431333 * |
JOCHEN LANGBEIN: "Elektronik in hybrid- und Elektrofahrzeugen", ATZ AUTOMOBILTECHNISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT SONDERAUSGABE MOTOR UND UMWELT '92, no. 94, 1992, STUTTGART, pages 38 - 40, XP000327505 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6945345B2 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2005-09-20 | Meaney Jr Daniel J | Hybrid electric vehicle having alternate power sources |
US7389839B2 (en) | 1999-05-05 | 2008-06-24 | Meaney Jr Daniel J | Hybrid electric vehicle having alternate power sources |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AR010283A1 (en) | 2000-06-07 |
FR2755406B1 (en) | 1999-01-08 |
FR2755406A1 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
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