WO1997021972A1 - Process and device for venting heat exchangers in a fully automatic manner - Google Patents

Process and device for venting heat exchangers in a fully automatic manner Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997021972A1
WO1997021972A1 PCT/EP1996/005565 EP9605565W WO9721972A1 WO 1997021972 A1 WO1997021972 A1 WO 1997021972A1 EP 9605565 W EP9605565 W EP 9605565W WO 9721972 A1 WO9721972 A1 WO 9721972A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
flow
components
fully automatic
flows
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/005565
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz Schilling
Michael Schilling
Original Assignee
Heinz Schilling Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7779853&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO1997021972(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Heinz Schilling Kg filed Critical Heinz Schilling Kg
Priority to JP9521743A priority Critical patent/JP2000502173A/en
Priority to AT96943099T priority patent/ATE209771T1/en
Priority to EP96943099A priority patent/EP0865602B2/en
Priority to AU11936/97A priority patent/AU1193697A/en
Priority to DE59608330T priority patent/DE59608330D1/en
Priority to BR9611938-1A priority patent/BR9611938A/en
Publication of WO1997021972A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997021972A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/18—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for removing contaminants, e.g. for degassing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method using the device.
  • the object of the invention is to coordinate the design, dimensioning and mode of operation of the components of the heat exchanger through which the liquid flows so that fully automatic venting of the components carried by the liquid takes place and thus an operationally reliable function is ensured. Furthermore, the manufacturing, assembly, commissioning and operating expenses are to be reduced.
  • the pump may have to be designed accordingly or the pump motor is briefly driven to higher output with a frequency converter. Or sections of the circulatory system are short-circuited with a bypass circuit so that the pump output only acts on the heat exchanger to be vented.
  • the central control technology / building control technology advantageously contains a control program part which intermittently switches on this fluid flow.
  • the device for the reliable operation of heat exchangers has a plurality of parallel liquid-flow components for heat transfer between liquid and liquid / gaseous media. For fully automatic ventilation of the components through which liquid flows
  • the flow differential pressure is maintained if the process-related liquid mass flow is chosen to be a factor preferably ⁇ 1.0 higher than the sum of the static pressures from the gas / liquid columns of each flow path resulting from the height differences.
  • the flow channels designed for heat transfer are simultaneously dimensioned and designed in such a way that the above-mentioned flow differential pressure required for each component through which liquid flows is built up.
  • the necessary differential flow pressure can also be achieved by temporarily increasing the liquid mass flows, so that any accumulated gas cushion is expelled.
  • plant components such as Pumps, bypass circuits and controls are dimensioned and designed accordingly.
  • the factor " j ⁇ .1.0 is determined by fluidic measurements for the components through which the liquid flows, including any additional influencing variables such as surface toughness, viscosity, etc.

Abstract

A device is disclosed for ensuring the reliable operation of heat exchangers with several parallel elements through which flows a liquid for transferring heat between liquid and liquid/gaseous media. In order to vent in a fully automatic manner elements with vertical projections through which flows a liquid, in particular in counterflow-operated hydraulic circuits, the elements through which flows a liquid are designed in such a way that the flow differential pressure is higher by a factor of preferably ≥ 1.0 than the sum of the static pressures from the gas/liquid columns generated by the vertical projections in each path of flow, while respecting the process-dependent liquid mass flow.

Description

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR VOLLAUTOMATISCHEN ENTLÜFTUNG VON WÄRMEAUSTAUSCHERNMETHOD AND DEVICE FOR FULLY AUTOMATIC VENTILATION OF HEAT EXCHANGERS
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und ein Verfahren unter Einsatz der Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method using the device.
Zur Entlüftung der flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile und damit zur betriebssicheren Funktion von Hochleistungs-Wärmeaustauschern, speziell bei Gegenströmern, werden bisher Kreuzstromverschaltungen - als entlüftbare Fluidwege ausgeführt - verwendet oder es werden nach Patent DE 33 25 230 separate Absperrorgane installiert.In order to vent the components through which the liquid flows and thus for the reliable operation of high-performance heat exchangers, especially in countercurrents, cross-flow circuits - designed as ventable fluid paths - have previously been used, or separate shut-off devices have been installed in accordance with patent DE 33 25 230.
Alle bekannten Konstruktionen, bei welchen sich die Fluidwege automatisch und damit betriebssicher entlüften, haben den Nachteil, daß reine Gegenstromführungen nur bedingt erreichbar sind und dadurch, trotz gleicher Fläche, nur eine geringere Rückwärmzahl erzielbar ist.All known constructions, in which the fluid paths are vented automatically and thus reliably, have the disadvantage that purely countercurrent ducts can only be reached to a limited extent and therefore, despite the same area, only a lower heat recovery rate can be achieved.
ORIGINAL UNTERLAGEN Die Ausführungen gemäß Patent DE 33 25 230 und auch EP 0177751 haben den Nachteil, daß separate Absperrorgane zum ggf. notwendigen Entlüften vorgesehen werden müssen, was einen erhöhten Herstellungs- , Montage-, Inbetriebnahme- und Bedienungsaufwand erfordert.ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS The designs according to patent DE 33 25 230 and also EP 0177751 have the disadvantage that separate shut-off devices have to be provided for venting which may be necessary, which requires increased manufacturing, assembly, commissioning and operating effort.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die Auslegung, Dimensionierung und Betriebsweise der flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile des Wärmeaustauschers so aufeinander abzustimmen, daß eine vollautomatische Entlüftung der flüssiggeführten Bauteile erfolgt und damit eine betriebssichere Funktion gewährleistet ist. Desweiteren soll der Herstellungs-, Montage-, Inbetriebnahme- und Bedienungsaufwand reduziert werden.The object of the invention is to coordinate the design, dimensioning and mode of operation of the components of the heat exchanger through which the liquid flows so that fully automatic venting of the components carried by the liquid takes place and thus an operationally reliable function is ensured. Furthermore, the manufacturing, assembly, commissioning and operating expenses are to be reduced.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch den kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing part of claim 1.
Damit ist eine vollautomatische Entlüftung bei hoher Betriebssicherheit gewährleistet. Der Aufwand für Herstellung, Montage, Betrieb und Bedienung ist besonders gering.This guarantees fully automatic ventilation with high operational reliability. The effort for production, assembly, operation and operation is particularly low.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt .Advantageous configurations are listed in the subclaims.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below.
Um z.B. einen Wärmeaustauscher nach Patent DE 33 25 230 mit 30 Rohrreihen und dementsprechend 30 Höhenversprüngen von jeweils 30 mm betriebssicher zu betreiben, müssen der innere Durchmesser und die Länge der flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile, hier die Rohre, derart ausgelegt werden, daß der Strömungsdruckverlust größer ist als 30 Höhenversprünge x 30 mmWS entsprechend 900 mmWS ist.In order to operate a heat exchanger according to patent DE 33 25 230 with 30 rows of pipes and correspondingly 30 height jumps of 30 mm each, for example, the inner diameter and the length must be reliable of the components through which the liquid flows, here the pipes, are designed in such a way that the flow pressure loss is greater than 30 height jumps x 30 mmWS corresponding to 900 mmWS.
Durch strömungstechnische Messungen ist ein spezifischer Faktor der flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile zu ermitteln, bei welchem etwaige Luftpolster, die nicht allein aufgrund des Strömungsdruckverlustes sich verringern, ausgetrieben werden.By means of flow measurements, a specific factor of the components through which the liquid flows can be determined, in which any air cushions that are not reduced solely due to the loss of flow pressure are expelled.
Falls aufgrund zu großer Rohrinnendurchmesser diese 900 mmWS nicht erreicht werden, kann z.B. der flüssige Massenstrom zeitweise erhöht werden, so daß durch eine höhere Fließgeschwindigkeit höhereIf the 900 mmWS cannot be reached due to the pipe inside diameter being too large, e.g. the liquid mass flow can be increased temporarily, so that higher flow rates
Strömungsdifferenzdrücke entstehen. Dazu muß ggf. die Pumpe entsprechend ausgelegt sein oder mit einem Frequenzumformer wird der Pumpenmotor kurzzeitig auf höhere Leistung gefahren. Oder Teilbereiche des Kreislaufsystems werden mit einer Bypassschaltung kurzgeschlossen, so daß die Pumpenleistung nur auf den zu entlüftenden Wärmeaustauscher wirkt. Vorteilhafterweise enthält die Zentrale Leittechnik/Gebäudeleittechnik einen Steuerungs-Programmteil, welches intermittierend diese Fluidströmung einschaltet.Differential flow pressures arise. For this purpose, the pump may have to be designed accordingly or the pump motor is briefly driven to higher output with a frequency converter. Or sections of the circulatory system are short-circuited with a bypass circuit so that the pump output only acts on the heat exchanger to be vented. The central control technology / building control technology advantageously contains a control program part which intermittently switches on this fluid flow.
Die Vorrichtung zur betriebssicheren Funktion von Wärmeaustauschern weist mehrere parallele flüssigkeitsdurchströmte Bauteile zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen flüssigen und flüssig/gasförmigen Medien auf. Zur vollautomatischen Entlüftung der flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile mitThe device for the reliable operation of heat exchangers has a plurality of parallel liquid-flow components for heat transfer between liquid and liquid / gaseous media. For fully automatic ventilation of the components through which liquid flows
Höhenversprüngen, insbesondere bei gegenstrombedingter hydraulischer Verschaltung, wird der Strömungsdifferenzdruck bei Einhaltung des prozeßbedingten flüssigen Massenstromes um einen Faktor vorzugsweise ≤ü.1.0 größer gewählt als die Summe der statischen Drücke aus den durch die Höhenversprünge entstehenden Gas-/Flüssigkeitssäulen eines jeden Strömungsweges. Die zur Wärmeübertragung konstruierten Strömungskanäle sind gleichzeitig derart dimensioniert und ausgebildet, daß sich der für jedes flüssigkeitsdurchströmte Bauteil notwendige o.g. Strömungsdifferenzdruck aufbaut.Differences in height, especially in the case of hydraulic circuitry caused by countercurrent, the flow differential pressure is maintained if the process-related liquid mass flow is chosen to be a factor preferably ≤1.0 higher than the sum of the static pressures from the gas / liquid columns of each flow path resulting from the height differences. The flow channels designed for heat transfer are simultaneously dimensioned and designed in such a way that the above-mentioned flow differential pressure required for each component through which liquid flows is built up.
Der notwendige Strömungsdiffernzdruck kann auch durch ein zeitweises Erhöhen der flüssigen Massenströme erreicht werden, so daß etwaig angesammelte Gaspolster ausgetrieben werden. Hierbei sind Anlagenbauteile wie z.B. Pumpen, Bypassschaltungen und Steuerungen entsprechend dimensioniert und ausgelegt.The necessary differential flow pressure can also be achieved by temporarily increasing the liquid mass flows, so that any accumulated gas cushion is expelled. Here plant components such as Pumps, bypass circuits and controls are dimensioned and designed accordingly.
Der Faktor "j^.1.0 wird durch strömungstechnische Messungen für die flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile unter Einbeziehung aller ggf. zusätzlichen Einflußgrößen wie z.B. Oberflächenzähigkeit, Viskosität etc. ermittelt. The factor " j ^ .1.0 is determined by fluidic measurements for the components through which the liquid flows, including any additional influencing variables such as surface toughness, viscosity, etc.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Vorrichtung zur betriebssicheren Funktion von Wärmeaustauschern mit mehreren parallelen flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteilen zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen flüssigen und flüssig/gasförmigen Medien, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß zur vollautomatischen Entlüftung der flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile mit Höhenversprüngen, insbesondere mit gegenstrombedingten hydraulischen Verschaltungen, die flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile derart ausgebildet sind, daß unter Einhaltung des prozeßbedingten flüssigen Massenstromes der Strömungsdifferenzdruck um einen Faktor vorzugsweise ri.1.0 größer ist als die Summe der statischen Drücke aus den durch die Höhenversprünge entstehenden Gas-/Flüssigkeitssäulen eines jeden Strömungsweges.1. Device for the reliable function of heat exchangers with several parallel liquid-flow components for heat transfer between liquid and liquid / gaseous media, characterized in that for fully automatic ventilation of the liquid flow components with height differences, especially with countercurrent-related hydraulic circuits, the liquid flow components are designed such that under Adherence to the process-related liquid mass flow, the flow differential pressure is preferably a factor ri.1.0 greater than the sum of the static pressures from the gas / liquid columns of each flow path caused by the height differences.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß Anlagenbauteile wie Pumpen, Bypassschaltungen, Luftabscheider und Steuerungen entsprechend dimensioniert und ausgelegt sind, so daß der notwendige Strömungsdifferenzdruck auch durch ein zeitweises Erhöhen der flüssigen Massenströme erreicht wird und etwaig angesammelte Gaspolster ausgetrieben werden . 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that system components such as pumps, bypass circuits, air separators and controls are dimensioned and designed accordingly, so that the necessary differential flow pressure is also achieved by temporarily increasing the liquid mass flows and any accumulated gas cushion are expelled.
3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Faktor^, 1.0 durch strömungstechnische Messungen für die flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Bauteile unter Einbeziehung aller gegebenenfalls zusätzlichen Einflußgrößen wie Oberflächenrauhigkeit und/oder Viskosität ermittelt wird.3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the factor ^, 1.0 is determined by fluidic measurements for the fluid-flowed components, including any additional factors such as surface roughness and / or viscosity.
4. Verfahren unter Einsatz einer Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß man zur vollautomatischen Entlüftung der flüssigkeitsdurchströmtem Bauteile mit Höhenversprüngen, insbesondere mit gegenstrombedingten hydraulischen Verschaltungen, unter Einhaltung des prozeßbedingten flüssigen Massenstromes den Strömungsdifferenzdruck um einen Faktor vorzugsweise ^1.0 größer einstellt als die Summe der statischen Drücke aus den durch die Höhenversprünge entstehenden Gas-/Flüssigkeitssäulen eines jeden Strömungsweges oder der4. The method using a device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for fully automatic venting of the fluid-flowed components with height differences, in particular with countercurrent-related hydraulic circuits, while maintaining the process-related liquid mass flow, the flow differential pressure is set by a factor preferably ^ 1.0 greater than that Sum of the static pressures from the gas / liquid columns of each flow path or the resulting from the height differences
Strömungsdifferenzdruck durch zeitweises Erhöhen der flüssigen Masenströme eingestellt wird. Differential flow pressure is set by temporarily increasing the liquid mast flows.
PCT/EP1996/005565 1995-12-12 1996-12-12 Process and device for venting heat exchangers in a fully automatic manner WO1997021972A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9521743A JP2000502173A (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-12 Method and apparatus for fully automatic venting of a heat exchanger
AT96943099T ATE209771T1 (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-12 METHOD FOR THE FULLY AUTOMATIC VENTILATION OF HEAT EXCHANGERS
EP96943099A EP0865602B2 (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-12 Process for venting heat exchangers in a fully automatic manner
AU11936/97A AU1193697A (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-12 Process and device for venting heat exchangers in a fully automatic manner
DE59608330T DE59608330D1 (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-12 METHOD FOR FULLY AUTOMATIC VENTILATION OF HEAT EXCHANGERS
BR9611938-1A BR9611938A (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-12 Process and device for fully automated evacuation of heat exchangers

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19546276.9 1995-12-12
DE19546276A DE19546276A1 (en) 1995-12-12 1995-12-12 Method and device for the reliable operation of heat exchangers with several parallel liquid-flow components for heat transfer between liquid and liquid / gaseous media

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997021972A1 true WO1997021972A1 (en) 1997-06-19

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ID=7779853

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/005565 WO1997021972A1 (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-12 Process and device for venting heat exchangers in a fully automatic manner

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0865602B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2000502173A (en)
AT (1) ATE209771T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1193697A (en)
BR (1) BR9611938A (en)
CA (1) CA2240134A1 (en)
DE (2) DE19546276A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997021972A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19808753C1 (en) * 1998-03-02 1999-09-02 Howatherm Klimatech Gmbh Heat exchanger for air conditioning
DE202019103830U1 (en) 2019-07-11 2019-11-13 Seifert Systems Ltd. Arrangement for operating several air-liquid heat exchanger units connected in parallel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2790606A (en) * 1953-09-04 1957-04-30 Warren Webster & Co Method for expelling air from a closed hot water system
DE1601197A1 (en) * 1967-10-09 1970-05-21 Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh Heat exchanger with steam and adjustable via the steam supply, especially air heater
DE1776252B1 (en) * 1967-08-18 1977-07-28 Baelz Gmbh Helmut PROCESS FOR DEGASSING A STEAM-HEATED HEAT EXCHANGER REGULATED BY INFLUENCING THE CONDENSATE LEVEL
DE3325230A1 (en) * 1983-07-13 1985-03-07 Heinz Schilling KG, 4152 Kempen Method for improving heat transfer in a water/brine-air heat exchanger for circuit-bound heat recovery systems or analogously for other fields
GB2175685A (en) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-03 Aisin Seiki Heat exchange arrangement
US4753285A (en) * 1987-04-06 1988-06-28 Command-Aire Corporation Parallel piping installation with air by-pass apparatus

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2656698A1 (en) * 1976-12-15 1978-06-22 Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh Heat exchanger for liquids with solid particles - prevents precipitation in ribbed air cooled tubes forming crossed counterflow path
DE3320632A1 (en) * 1983-06-08 1984-12-13 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt HEAT EXCHANGER
DE3433598A1 (en) * 1984-09-13 1986-03-20 Heinz Schilling KG, 4152 Kempen METHOD FOR PRACTICAL USE OF THE COUNTERFLOW PRINCIPLE FOR HEAT EXCHANGER, AIR / WATER, AIR / AIR OR SENSUAL MEASUREMENT FOR OTHER MEDIA

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2790606A (en) * 1953-09-04 1957-04-30 Warren Webster & Co Method for expelling air from a closed hot water system
DE1776252B1 (en) * 1967-08-18 1977-07-28 Baelz Gmbh Helmut PROCESS FOR DEGASSING A STEAM-HEATED HEAT EXCHANGER REGULATED BY INFLUENCING THE CONDENSATE LEVEL
DE1601197A1 (en) * 1967-10-09 1970-05-21 Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh Heat exchanger with steam and adjustable via the steam supply, especially air heater
DE3325230A1 (en) * 1983-07-13 1985-03-07 Heinz Schilling KG, 4152 Kempen Method for improving heat transfer in a water/brine-air heat exchanger for circuit-bound heat recovery systems or analogously for other fields
GB2175685A (en) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-03 Aisin Seiki Heat exchange arrangement
US4753285A (en) * 1987-04-06 1988-06-28 Command-Aire Corporation Parallel piping installation with air by-pass apparatus

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CARLSON: "hydronic system flow balance", ASHRAE JOURNAL, October 1968 (1968-10-01), NEW YORK US, pages 34 - 43, XP000670183 *
CARLSON: "hydronic systems:analysis and evaluation", ASHRAE JOURNAL, November 1968 (1968-11-01), NEW YORK US, pages 45 - 51, XP002029313 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE209771T1 (en) 2001-12-15
BR9611938A (en) 1999-12-28
EP0865602B1 (en) 2001-11-28
DE19546276A1 (en) 1997-06-19
CA2240134A1 (en) 1997-06-19
AU1193697A (en) 1997-07-03
EP0865602B2 (en) 2006-12-27
EP0865602A1 (en) 1998-09-23
JP2000502173A (en) 2000-02-22
DE59608330D1 (en) 2002-01-10

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