WO1997016053A1 - Systeme stratifie electroluminescent - Google Patents
Systeme stratifie electroluminescent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997016053A1 WO1997016053A1 PCT/DE1996/001872 DE9601872W WO9716053A1 WO 1997016053 A1 WO1997016053 A1 WO 1997016053A1 DE 9601872 W DE9601872 W DE 9601872W WO 9716053 A1 WO9716053 A1 WO 9716053A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- metal
- electroluminescent device
- electrode
- electroluminescent
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHYLKGDXMUDNEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[In] Chemical compound [Mg].[In] JHYLKGDXMUDNEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001795 light effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium silver Chemical compound [Mg].[Ag] SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/02—Details
- H05B33/04—Sealing arrangements, e.g. against humidity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/844—Encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/846—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations comprising getter material or desiccants
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electroluminescent layer system according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Electroluminescent layer systems are known. In these, either inorganic or organic substances are used, which can be excited by means of an electrical voltage to emit light beams.
- the light-emitting substances are arranged, for example, between planar electrodes, with a first electrode being a hole-injecting electrode (anode) and a second electrode being an electron-injecting electrode (cathode). If the light-emitting substance is formed from an organic material, the excitation can take place via a DC voltage source.
- the anode with the positive pole is the DC voltage source and the cathode connected to the minus pole of the DC voltage source.
- the covering layer which consists, for example, of pure metals, of codeposed metal composites or of codeposed composites that have metallic and organic components, has the disadvantage that, for example in the case of structured cathodes to produce certain light effects, the areas present between the cathodes are not protected with the cover layer.
- the electroluminescent device according to the invention with the features mentioned in claim 1 offers the advantage over the one hand that there is on the one hand an efficient protection which exists between the electrodes and the organic material and organic material itself against oxygen and water, and the electroluminescent Layer system can be made flexible overall. Because the encapsulation consists of a multilayer system, the layers of the multilayer system preferably being flexible and adapting to the geometry of the electroluminescent layer system, it is advantageously possible to create an overall flat electroluminescent layer system which is flexible in structure and one has extremely low permeation of oxygen and water.
- a first layer consisting of plastic is provided, which is covered by a second layer consisting of metal, a metal alloy or a metal oxide.
- a second layer consisting of metal, a metal alloy or a metal oxide is provided.
- the metal layer preferably consists of a metal, the one forms a stable passivation layer on the surface, so that there is also long-term stability of the electroluminescent layer system.
- an additional so-called getter layer is provided between the plastic layer and the metal layer. In this way it is very advantageously achieved that any residues which may occur can be bound to oxygen or water through the getter layer, so that these cannot contribute to a degradation of the organic material.
- the only figure shows an electroluminescent device, generally designated 10.
- the device 10 has an electroluminescent layer system 12, which consists of a light-emitting organic material 14, a first electrode 16 and a second electrode 18 is formed.
- the electrodes 16 and 18 and the organic material 14 are flat.
- the electrodes 16 and 18 are connected to a voltage source 20, for example a DC voltage source.
- the electrode 16 is connected to the positive pole of the voltage source 20 and the electrode 18 to the negative pole of the voltage source 20.
- the electrode 16 consists of a material with a high electron work function.
- the electrode 16 can, for example, consist of a metal or a metallic alloy or a metal oxide, for example indium tin oxide (ITO).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the second electrode 18 consists of a material with a low electron work function, which for example is less than 4 eV.
- the electrode 18 consists of an electrically conductive material, for example a metal, a metal alloy or a metal oxide.
- the electrode 18 can be made of aluminum, indium, magnesium, calcium, a magnesium-silver alloy or a magnesium-indium alloy, for example.
- the light-emitting organic material 14 contains at least one organic compound which is capable of emitting light when the voltage is applied.
- the color of the emitted light is determined by the chemical structure of the organic substance used.
- suitable light-emitting organic materials 14 are polymers, low molecular weight organic compounds, monomers or molecularly doped polymers. Further layers (not shown here) can be arranged between the electrodes 16 and 18, which also serve to emit light or to transport charge carriers to the light-emitting organic material 14.
- the electroluminescent layer system 12 is applied to a carrier 22.
- Both the electrode 16 connected as the anode and the carrier 20 are optically transparent or semi-transparent, so that the light generated by the light-emitting organic material 14 can be emitted to the outside by the entire device 10.
- the electrodes 16 and 18 and the layers resulting in the organic material 14 are arranged partially overlapping on the carrier 22, so that the connection regions 24 and 26 of the electrodes 18 and 16 on the carrier 22 rest and are led out laterally from an encapsulation 28 to be explained.
- An insulator 30 is arranged between the electrodes 16 and 18, which can consist, for example, of aluminum oxide.
- the encapsulation 28 consists of a multilayer system 32 which has a first layer 34 made of a plastic and a second layer 36 made of a metal, a metal alloy or a metal oxide.
- the plastic layer 34 can consist, for example, of an acrylic resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, EVOH, polyester, PMMA or other polymers. This plastic layer is applied to the electroluminescent layer system 12, for example by spin coating, printing or extrusion. In addition, the electroluminescent layer system 12 can be immersed in a corresponding bath, so that the plastic layer 34 is dip-coated.
- the manner in which the plastic layer 34 is applied means that it adapts to the contour of the electroluminescent layer system 12 and thus surrounds and thus encloses it on all sides - with the exception of the connection regions 26 and 24.
- the plastic layer 34 is then thermally or radiation-induced hardened or cross-linked so that a stable but flexible hood results.
- a getter layer 38 is applied between the plastic layer 34 and the metal layer 36.
- the getter layer 38 consists of a material which has a binding effect on oxygen and water.
- the getter layer 38 consists, for example, of a metal which has a lower electron work function than the material of the electrode 18 connected as the cathode. If the electrode 18 consists of magnesium, for example, calcium, lithium or strontium can be used as the material for the getter layer 38.
- the second layer 36 is applied to the getter layer 38.
- the layer 36 is selected here in such a way that the getter layer 38 is completely enclosed, so that it has no contact with the outside.
- the second layer 36 consists, for example, of a metal, for example aluminum, copper, nickel, chromium, tin or tantalum, a metal alloy, for example nickel-chromium or a metal oxide, for example aluminum oxide or silicon oxide, or a nitride layer, for example aluminum nitride or Silicon nitride.
- the layer 36 can preferably be sputtered or evaporated onto the previously applied plastic layer 34 and the getter layer 36.
- a stable passivation of the entire device 10 is achieved by the layer 36, which forms the outer closure of the encapsulation 28, so that this is long-term stable against external influences.
- the multilayer system 32 thus has an extremely low permeation for oxygen and water.
- the multilayer system consists of at least two layers, namely the plastic layer 34 and the metallic cover layer 36 or, in the case of an additional arrangement of the getter layer 38, consists of three layers of thinly applied materials, the flexibility of the device 10 essentially does not increase impaired. It is thus possible, despite the arrangement of the encapsulation 28, to adapt the electroluminescent device to the corresponding applications after production, that is to say after the structure of the layer systems.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un dispositif électroluminescent comprenant un système stratifié électroluminescent formé d'un matériau organique émetteur lumineux disposé entre deux électrodes pouvant être connectées à une source de tension continue, la première électrode étant une électrode (anode) d'injection de trous, et la deuxième électrode étant une électrode (cathode) d'injection d'électrons, ainsi qu'un blindage. Conformément à l'invention, le blindage (28) est constitué par un système multicouche (32).
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19539050.4 | 1995-10-20 | ||
DE19539050 | 1995-10-20 | ||
DE19603746.8 | 1996-02-02 | ||
DE19603746A DE19603746A1 (de) | 1995-10-20 | 1996-02-02 | Elektrolumineszierendes Schichtsystem |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997016053A1 true WO1997016053A1 (fr) | 1997-05-01 |
Family
ID=26019630
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1996/001872 WO1997016053A1 (fr) | 1995-10-20 | 1996-09-26 | Systeme stratifie electroluminescent |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO1997016053A1 (fr) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000036661A1 (fr) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-22 | Cambridge Display Technology Ltd. | Dels organiques |
US6383664B2 (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2002-05-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electroluminescent or photocell device having protective packaging |
US7005798B2 (en) | 1999-04-28 | 2006-02-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Flexible organic electronic device with improved resistance to oxygen and moisture degradation |
US7018713B2 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2006-03-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible high-temperature ultrabarrier |
KR100784355B1 (ko) * | 2000-03-27 | 2007-12-13 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 자기 발광 장치 및 이를 제조하기 위한 방법 |
US8227040B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2012-07-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of curing metal alkoxide-containing films |
US8846169B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2014-09-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible encapsulating film systems |
US8900366B2 (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2014-12-02 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for depositing a multilayer coating on discrete sheets |
US8904819B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2014-12-09 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Evaporator with internal restriction |
US8955217B2 (en) | 1999-10-25 | 2015-02-17 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Method for edge sealing barrier films |
EP2857443A1 (fr) | 2005-07-20 | 2015-04-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Revêtements de barrière contre l'humidité |
US9184410B2 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2015-11-10 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Encapsulated white OLEDs having enhanced optical output |
US9337446B2 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2016-05-10 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Encapsulated RGB OLEDs having enhanced optical output |
US9481927B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2016-11-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of making inorganic or inorganic/organic hybrid barrier films |
US9822454B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2017-11-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Nucleation layer for thin film metal layer formation |
US9839940B2 (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2017-12-12 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for depositing a multilayer coating on discrete sheets |
US10950821B2 (en) | 2007-01-26 | 2021-03-16 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Method of encapsulating an environmentally sensitive device |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0326615A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-19 | 1989-08-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Dispositif el a film mince |
EP0350907A2 (fr) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-01-17 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Panneau électroluminescent à film mince |
EP0372489A2 (fr) * | 1988-12-05 | 1990-06-13 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Film imperméable |
US5189405A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1993-02-23 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Thin film electroluminescent panel |
JPH07282975A (ja) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 有機el素子及びその製造方法 |
-
1996
- 1996-09-26 WO PCT/DE1996/001872 patent/WO1997016053A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0326615A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-19 | 1989-08-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Dispositif el a film mince |
EP0350907A2 (fr) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-01-17 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Panneau électroluminescent à film mince |
EP0372489A2 (fr) * | 1988-12-05 | 1990-06-13 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Film imperméable |
US5189405A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1993-02-23 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Thin film electroluminescent panel |
JPH07282975A (ja) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 有機el素子及びその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 95, no. 010 * |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000036661A1 (fr) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-22 | Cambridge Display Technology Ltd. | Dels organiques |
US6960877B1 (en) | 1998-12-17 | 2005-11-01 | Cambrdige Display Technology Limited | Organic light-emitting devices including specific barrier layers |
US7005798B2 (en) | 1999-04-28 | 2006-02-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Flexible organic electronic device with improved resistance to oxygen and moisture degradation |
US6383664B2 (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2002-05-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electroluminescent or photocell device having protective packaging |
US8955217B2 (en) | 1999-10-25 | 2015-02-17 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Method for edge sealing barrier films |
KR100784355B1 (ko) * | 2000-03-27 | 2007-12-13 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 자기 발광 장치 및 이를 제조하기 위한 방법 |
US7462384B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2008-12-09 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Self-light emitting device and method of manufacturing the same |
US9839940B2 (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2017-12-12 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for depositing a multilayer coating on discrete sheets |
US8900366B2 (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2014-12-02 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for depositing a multilayer coating on discrete sheets |
US7018713B2 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2006-03-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible high-temperature ultrabarrier |
US7980910B2 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2011-07-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible high-temperature ultrabarrier |
US7940004B2 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2011-05-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible high-temperature ultrabarrier |
EP2277698A1 (fr) | 2003-04-02 | 2011-01-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Ultra-barriere flexible haute-temperature |
US7486019B2 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2009-02-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible high-temperature ultrabarrier |
EP3121003A1 (fr) | 2003-04-02 | 2017-01-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Ultra-barriere flexible haute-temperature |
EP2857443A1 (fr) | 2005-07-20 | 2015-04-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Revêtements de barrière contre l'humidité |
US9822454B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2017-11-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Nucleation layer for thin film metal layer formation |
US8227040B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2012-07-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of curing metal alkoxide-containing films |
US10950821B2 (en) | 2007-01-26 | 2021-03-16 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Method of encapsulating an environmentally sensitive device |
US8846169B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2014-09-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexible encapsulating film systems |
US9481927B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2016-11-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of making inorganic or inorganic/organic hybrid barrier films |
US9362530B2 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2016-06-07 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Encapsulated white OLEDs having enhanced optical output |
US9337446B2 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2016-05-10 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Encapsulated RGB OLEDs having enhanced optical output |
US9184410B2 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2015-11-10 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Encapsulated white OLEDs having enhanced optical output |
US8904819B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2014-12-09 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Evaporator with internal restriction |
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