WO1996019844A2 - An antenna arrangement - Google Patents
An antenna arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996019844A2 WO1996019844A2 PCT/GB1995/002985 GB9502985W WO9619844A2 WO 1996019844 A2 WO1996019844 A2 WO 1996019844A2 GB 9502985 W GB9502985 W GB 9502985W WO 9619844 A2 WO9619844 A2 WO 9619844A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ground plane
- antenna
- depressions
- antenna assembly
- assembly according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
Definitions
- This invention relates to an antenna arrangement and in particular to a low cost planar array antenna. More particularly, the present invention relates to an antenna arrangement suitable for use in a wireless local loop or fixed radio access environment.
- Radio communication systems are currently employed for receiving various types of communications, from television broadcasts via satellites to local telecommunication networks.
- Known systems comprise an antenna - for example a satellite dish - and decoding means.
- the antenna receives the signal and provides a further signal by wire to a decoding means.
- subscribers are connected to a telecommunications network by a radio link in place of the more traditional method of copper cable.
- the radio transceivers at the subscribers premises communicate with a base station, which provides cellular coverage over, typically, a 5km radius in urban environments.
- Each base station is connected to the standard PSTN switch via a conventional transmission link/network.
- the decoder for each fixed radio access subscriber system will decode the received signal and encode signals to be transmitted, whilst in the case of a satellite broadcast receiving arrangement, the decoder will provide demodulated signals for a television receiver.
- the distance between the antenna and the decoder can sometimes be many metres apart: this can lead to a degradation of the received signal and either require a larger receiving antenna; a higher power decoder; or a higher quality connector between the antenna and decoder. In many instances the solutions can be overly expensive and/or result in large apparatus being employed.
- the normal arrangement of an antenna featuring a distribution track layout connected to various patches on a single film supported above a ground plane has several disadvantages:-
- the tracks radiate causing unwanted antenna polar diagram perturbations, for example they produce high side lobe levels or beam squint and also contribute to an asymmetrical beam pattern.
- a very narrow bandwidth results, due to the radiating elements being too close to the ground plane.
- There is no particular preferred solution since either the match of the antenna is broad but the antenna performance is poor due to the tracks radiating, or the antenna performance is adequate but the antenna is very narrow band and inefficient.
- These problems are mainly due to the patches being too close to the ground plane.
- One solution to this problem is to introduce another dielectric film layer above the patches which layer provides parasitic patches to improve the antenna bandwidth, but this increases the cost of both materials and the manufacture of the antenna.
- a layered antenna arrangement comprising a ground plane and a dielectric film layer having a radiating array of radiating elements over a feed network therefor printed thereon, wherein the ground plane has depressions formed therein corresponding in position to the patch elements.
- the depressions have radiussed edges and preferably are filled with a dielectric substance to maintain the printed circuit elements in a desired plane and to maintain continuity of the dielectric permitivity between the dielectric film and the ground plane.
- the signal feed arrangement is supported such that the spacing between the feed tracks and the ground plane are low whereby radiation from the feed tracks is minimised. This feature also allows the feed tracks to be of reasonable dimensions in that they may be reproduced easily.
- the ground plane comprises a formed plastics moulding, having a metal coating applied thereon operable to provide a conductive ground plane.
- a method of producing a metallic coated polystyrene substrate suitable for use as a ground plane for an antenna and an enclosure for shielding against electromagnetic interference or for use as a ground plane for an antenna and electrical feed network and radiating elements for the same comprising steps of: inserting untreated polystyrene pellets into a mould comprising at least two relatively moveable portions, heating the mould whereby to cause expansion of the polystyrene pellets; moving one of the mould portions towards the other of the mould portions, whereby the thermo-expanded polystyrene is compressed to form a product having a smooth pore-free finish, and; coating the polystyrene with a conductive layer.
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a mounted integrated antenna assembly according to one aspect of the present invention
- Figure 2 and 2a show an interior view and a side view of the radome of the assembly as shown in Figure 1 ;
- Figures 3 and 3a show a rear plan view and a cross-sectional view of the body casting of the assembly shown in Figure 1 ;
- Figures 4 shows a cross-sectional view through the radiating elements of the antenna assembly
- Figures 4 a-e show, in plan, the radiating elements of the antenna assembly as shown in Figure 4;
- Figure 5 shows, in cross-section, the first dielectric spacer as shown in
- Figure 6 shows, in cross section, the second dielectric spacer as shown in Figure 4d;
- Figures 7a, b show, in cross-section, the ground plane as shown in Figure
- Figures 8 and 8a show, in perspective connected to a mounted antenna assembly and in cross-section respectively, a trunking assembly in accordance with a further aspect of the invention.
- Figure 9 shows a portion of one face of an integrated antenna ground plane and electronics enclosure.
- the integrated antenna assembly 10 shown in Figure 1 comprises one part of a residential service system and is mounted on the side wall 12 of a house.
- the antenna assembly is mounted for use in a fixed radio access telecommunications environment and is connected via the cable 14 to a junction unit for connection with standard telephone and/or facsimile equipment and a power unit.
- the power unit is driven from local a.c. mains supply and provides a d.c. supply for all the transceiver equipment and indoor apparatus. It is preferred that the power unit houses rechargeable batteries in case of mains failure.
- an interface unit is provided, which is an externally mounted junction box for connection of all external cables and provides an externally accessible serial data connector for remote communication with the roof/mast/wall mounted transceiver unit by service personnel.
- the antenna assembly according to the invention is shown having an octagonal configuration, with a front radome 210 and a rear baseplate 310.
- the radome 210 is preferably moulded from an amorphous plastics such as an acrylnitryl-styrol-acrylester polymer and the rear baseplate 310 can be fabricated as a casting of an aluminium alloy.
- the fabrication techniques are well known and need not be discussed here. Aluminium alloys are not mandatory, but such alloys provide good corrosion resistance combined with high strength and low weight. Since the antenna assembly is capable of being mounted upon a mast, the light weight of alloys is of particular significance. However it is possible to form the rear base plate from a plastics material, as will be discussed below.
- the antenna comprises a planar array, which array is housed in the assembly having a radome and a backplate, wherein the assembly houses electronic circuits capable of converting microwave signals into electrical signals, which electrical signals are fed to receiving equipment such as a telephone receiver.
- FIGs 3 and 3a detail, on the rear body casting, mounting lugs 312 and cooling fins 314.
- Apertures 316 for connection with the radome are arranged about the flange 318 of the octagon and a further aperture 320 is provided for feeder cables. Apertures 316 may allow clip fastening means or screw fastening means to be employed.
- Figure 3a shows in greater detail the flange on this casting, which is shaped to correspond with flange 212 of radome 210 as seen in figure 2a. Provision is made for a gasket to be fitted.
- the radome may be attached by a snap-fit construction.
- External lugs 312 allow the casting to be securely attached to an external wall or the like, preferably with the aid of a mounting bracket or similar.
- Internal lugs 314 allow for the fixture and/or placement of printed circuit boards or other radio frequency or electrical devices.
- an antenna assembly comprising an outer radome 210 - as previously discussed - a first dielectric spacer 430, a dielectric film supporting a microstrip antenna network 440, a second dielectric spacer 450 and a ground plane reflector 460.
- the first dielectric spacer 430 maintains the microstrip array in a plane at a fixed distance from the radome 210. It has been found that this dielectric also tunes the circuit and trials have shown that 7mm is a preferred distance for a radome having a diameter of 0.3m - but this figure will vary from one application to another.
- the film must be reliably and uniformly supported to maintain flatness.
- the second dielectric spacer 450 maintains the microstrip array at a fixed distance tightly toleranced from the ground plane or backplane 460.
- the ground plane has a number of apertures 462 which enable the ground plane to be secured to the radome by means of plastics studs 412.
- Connector 414 provides a microwave link from the feeder cables to the antenna array.
- the ground plane if manufactured from a metal such as steel with an aluminium coating can be 0.5mm thick.
- the ground plane can be manufactured from a plastics material, which plastics material after forming by a moulding process is coated with a metal film. This type of ground plane exhibits cost and weight saving features since such a film need only be ten microns or so thick.
- the dielectric spacers can be produced from expanded polystyrene foam having a dielectric constant as close as possible to that of air.
- the Shell Company Ltd. produce polystyrene particles suitable for making such spacers and is known as SHELL STYROSHELL.
- the second dielectric is preferably contoured to correspond with the depressions in the ground plane 460, but additional spacers may be separately provided to fill the voids left by these depressions.
- the ground plane 460 can be fabricated from a variety of materials such as copper, steel, aluminium, aluminium coated steel or metallised plastics.
- the polystyrene When formed of a plastics material, such as STYROSHELL, the polystyrene needs to be processed in a particular fashion: Since the spacing between the ground plane and the radiating elements and distribution tracks needs to be tightly toleranced, it is not sufficient that a plating, foil or otherwise be applied to the surface of the polystyrene since the particle size of the component polystyrene balls represents too large a variation in the ground plane spacing. Accordingly a two-stage moulding technique is employed whereby a smooth surface finish may be attained. If a 2mm ground plane is required, then a first stage of the moulding process will entail the forming of a 4mm ground plane - this enables the constituent polystyrene particles to be easily inserted within the mould cavity.
- a plastics material such as STYROSHELL
- the polystyrene balls or pellets are then heated by steam or otherwise in order that they expand.
- the mould closes up - for instance, by the application of hydraulic rams to the side of the mould- whereby the dimensions are reduced to 2mm.
- the plastics moulding material is preferably expanded polystyrene since it has a dielectric constant close to that of air. Obviously any surface metallization needs to be uniform both in terms of smoothness and in terms of ohms per square where the substrate is employed as an antenna ground plane.
- a silver copper water-based spray such as ELECTRO DAG 7050 as sold by Acheson Limited may be used to provide a metallic surface on the plastics substrate. Such sprays can give low resistance coatings, 0.3 - 0.5 ⁇ per square, combined with a degree of scratch and mar resistance.
- the binder for such sprays is typically thermo-plastics resin and high volume low pressure spray guns can be employed. A sufficient coating can be provided by a 35-15 micron spray film coating. Sputter coating is also possible.
- a depression is placed underneath the patches to increase the ground plane spacing. This lowers the Q factor for the antenna elements and will yield an appreciable bandwidth improvement, for example, 200 MHz bandwidth at 3.5 GHz centre frequency. Since the depressions do not exist in the region of the distribution track layout, the ground plane spacing to the dielectric supporting the tracks and patches can be maintained in these areas, so the tracks will not radiate in an interfering fashion with the antenna radiation pattern.
- ground plane depressions have not easily been employed in a commercial environment.
- the ground plane can be produced from metallic sheetin a variety of fashions such as by stamping.
- the radiussed corners can be seen in more detail in Figures 7a and 7b and the corresponding features 454 in the second dielectric can be seen in Figures 6 and 6a. It has been found that the bandwidth has also improved.
- the ground plane shown also exhibits several radiussed cut-outs on its periphery which are used for placement to ensure accurate fitment. Alternatively, positive engagement may be achieved solely by stud fastening means.
- each compartment can be easily effected by the attachment of a metal sheet (not shown) which abuts the smooth edges 910 of each radiation shielding compartment 912
- Such electronic circuit means can include the radio transceiver and control processor. The antenna can thus be provided in a compact design.
- the radio transceiver communicates with the antenna via microstrip connections: the input/output is switched by means of a diplexer.
- the diplexer is preferably of a special configuration such that it may be conveniently installed within the antenna assembly and can be generally of a ⁇ ' configuration.
- the provision of the electronic circuits within the antenna assembly enable a minimum of connecting wires to be attached to the assembly, necessitating only d.c. input voltage source and a wire enabling connection with telephone and facsimile equipment.
- the track impedances are not necessarily 50 ⁇ ; preferably only those at the input should be of this impedance, since this is a common standard interface impedance.
- varying track impedances By using varying track impedances, varying track widths and/or track to ground plane spacing can be utilised.
- a further advantage of having a low track to ground plane spacing is that a wide range of track impedances of 30 ⁇ to 200 ⁇ are easily realisable whilst a high track to ground plane spacing e.g. 4.5mm would result in track impedances typically in the range of 100-300 ⁇ .
- FIGs 8 and 8a show a protected cable as could be employed with an antenna made in accordance with the present invention, whilst Figure 8a shows a cross-section therethrough. In certain environments this requirement is particularly pertinent since the distance between the antenna and an internal junction box can be several tens of metres. It is to be understood that the cable needs to be rodent proof, strong enough to resist damage when weights or other damage inducing forces have been placed upon it. Accordingly, in order to further reduce costs, there is provided an improved form of cable trunking comprising standard telephony wiring inserted through metallic tubing.
- the metal tubing is a galvanised steel for cheapness of fabrication and its resistance to corrosion.
- Fixing means are provided along the channel section to enable the trunking to be positioned against a fixture such as an external wall.
- a metallic construction for the trunking provides isolation from spurious electro-magnetic interference effects - as provided by coaxial cable but at a greater cost.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8519600A JPH09509554A (en) | 1994-12-20 | 1995-12-20 | Antenna placement |
EP95942768A EP0745278A1 (en) | 1994-12-20 | 1995-12-20 | An antenna arrangement |
MXPA/A/1996/003417A MXPA96003417A (en) | 1994-12-20 | 1996-08-15 | An arrangement of ant |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9425751.6 | 1994-12-20 | ||
GB9425751A GB2296385A (en) | 1994-12-20 | 1994-12-20 | Antenna |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996019844A2 true WO1996019844A2 (en) | 1996-06-27 |
WO1996019844A3 WO1996019844A3 (en) | 1996-08-29 |
Family
ID=10766256
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1995/002985 WO1996019844A2 (en) | 1994-12-20 | 1995-12-20 | An antenna arrangement |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0745278A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH09509554A (en) |
GB (1) | GB2296385A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996019844A2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5990835A (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-11-23 | Northern Telecom Limited | Antenna assembly |
WO2000062370A2 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2000-10-19 | Leo One Ip, L.L.C. | Integrated communication facility |
WO2002060009A1 (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-08-01 | Pj Microwave Oy | Microwave antenna arrangement |
GB2373100A (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-11 | Piping Hot Networks Ltd | Patch antenna |
WO2008004970A1 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Cbg Holding Ab | Antenna box for example tv-reception and a method for producing said antenna box |
CN102332635A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2012-01-25 | 庄昆杰 | Small-sized multi-band and high-grain dual polarization microstrip antenna at microwave low band |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5619217A (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1997-04-08 | Allen Telecom Group, Inc. | Cellular and PCS antenna mounting assembly |
GB2337861B (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 2000-02-23 | Dsc Communications | Integrated directional antenna |
US6049278A (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 2000-04-11 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Monitor tag with patch antenna |
DE19850895A1 (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-05-11 | Pates Tech Patentverwertung | Microwave antenna with optimized coupling network |
JP3626618B2 (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 2005-03-09 | アルプス電気株式会社 | Converter for satellite broadcasting reception |
DE10316786A1 (en) | 2003-04-11 | 2004-11-18 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Reflector, especially for a cellular antenna |
DE10316787A1 (en) | 2003-04-11 | 2004-11-11 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Reflector, especially for a cellular antenna |
EP3092676A1 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-11-16 | CBG Holding AB | Box antenna and method for producing the same |
US11688935B2 (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2023-06-27 | Microelectronics Technology, Inc. | Electronic device |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0398554A2 (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1990-11-22 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Multiband gridded focal plane array antenna |
EP0398555A2 (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1990-11-22 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Lightweight, low profile phased array antenna with electromagnetically coupled integrated subarrays |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4131894A (en) * | 1977-04-15 | 1978-12-26 | Ball Corporation | High efficiency microstrip antenna structure |
GB2165700B (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1988-06-15 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Microwave plane antenna |
ES2046211T3 (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1994-02-01 | Emmanuel Rammos | ANTENNA ELEMENT WITH A SUSPENDED MICRO-TAPE BETWEEN TWO MASS FLATS PERFORATED PERFORATED RADIANT HOLES, AND MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE. |
GB2207557A (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1989-02-01 | Leader Radio Co Ltd | Antenna |
JPH01143506A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1989-06-06 | Sony Corp | Planar antenna |
JPH03151702A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-06-27 | Sony Corp | Plane array antenna |
US5198824A (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1993-03-30 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | High temperature co-fired ceramic integrated phased array packaging |
US5219377A (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1993-06-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | High temperature co-fired ceramic integrated phased array package |
JPH1130607A (en) * | 1997-07-09 | 1999-02-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Non-destructive inspecting device for conductor |
-
1994
- 1994-12-20 GB GB9425751A patent/GB2296385A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-12-20 JP JP8519600A patent/JPH09509554A/en active Pending
- 1995-12-20 WO PCT/GB1995/002985 patent/WO1996019844A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-12-20 EP EP95942768A patent/EP0745278A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0398554A2 (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1990-11-22 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Multiband gridded focal plane array antenna |
EP0398555A2 (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1990-11-22 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Lightweight, low profile phased array antenna with electromagnetically coupled integrated subarrays |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 381, 23 August 1989 & JP,A,11 030607 (NUMAZAKI TADASHI), 23 May 1989, * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5990835A (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-11-23 | Northern Telecom Limited | Antenna assembly |
WO2000062370A2 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2000-10-19 | Leo One Ip, L.L.C. | Integrated communication facility |
WO2000062370A3 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2001-02-15 | Leo One Ip L L C | Integrated communication facility |
WO2002060009A1 (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-08-01 | Pj Microwave Oy | Microwave antenna arrangement |
GB2373100A (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-11 | Piping Hot Networks Ltd | Patch antenna |
GB2373100B (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2003-05-07 | Piping Hot Networks Ltd | Patch antenna |
WO2008004970A1 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Cbg Holding Ab | Antenna box for example tv-reception and a method for producing said antenna box |
CN102332635A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2012-01-25 | 庄昆杰 | Small-sized multi-band and high-grain dual polarization microstrip antenna at microwave low band |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0745278A1 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
GB9425751D0 (en) | 1995-02-22 |
GB2296385A (en) | 1996-06-26 |
MX9603417A (en) | 1997-12-31 |
JPH09509554A (en) | 1997-09-22 |
WO1996019844A3 (en) | 1996-08-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5990835A (en) | Antenna assembly | |
WO1996019844A2 (en) | An antenna arrangement | |
US6018324A (en) | Omni-directional dipole antenna with a self balancing feed arrangement | |
US7907097B2 (en) | Self-supporting unitary feed assembly | |
US6965784B2 (en) | Transreflector antenna for wireless communication system | |
US6198449B1 (en) | Multiple beam antenna system for simultaneously receiving multiple satellite signals | |
US6281852B1 (en) | Integrated antenna for satellite and terrestrial broadcast reception | |
US6359588B1 (en) | Patch antenna | |
US8564491B2 (en) | Wideband high gain antenna | |
US6118405A (en) | Antenna arrangement | |
US7277728B1 (en) | Base station of a communication network, preferably of a mobile telecommunication network | |
US6539608B2 (en) | Antenna dielectric | |
CA2153465C (en) | Communications antenna structure | |
US9490544B2 (en) | Wideband high gain antenna | |
US9520652B2 (en) | Wideband high gain antenna for multiband employment | |
US6917344B2 (en) | System for isolating an auxiliary antenna from a main antenna mounted in a common antenna assembly | |
CN112018503A (en) | Ultra-wideband base station antenna | |
CN212062698U (en) | Antenna device and indoor distribution system | |
KR102528198B1 (en) | Antenna apparatus | |
CN112768886B (en) | Omnidirectional dual polarized antenna and wireless device | |
MXPA96003417A (en) | An arrangement of ant | |
CN209843937U (en) | Ultra-wideband base station antenna | |
WO1997049536A1 (en) | An antenna dielectric | |
MXPA98005500A (en) | An assembly of ant | |
CN116646711A (en) | Antenna assembly and communication device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): JP MX US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1995942768 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PA/a/1996/003417 Country of ref document: MX |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): JP MX US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase in: |
Ref country code: US Ref document number: 1996 700455 Date of ref document: 19961023 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1995942768 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWR | Wipo information: refused in national office |
Ref document number: 1995942768 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1995942768 Country of ref document: EP |