WO1996017738A1 - Transfer device - Google Patents

Transfer device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996017738A1
WO1996017738A1 PCT/JP1995/002510 JP9502510W WO9617738A1 WO 1996017738 A1 WO1996017738 A1 WO 1996017738A1 JP 9502510 W JP9502510 W JP 9502510W WO 9617738 A1 WO9617738 A1 WO 9617738A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
output shaft
speed
gear set
transfer device
operation lever
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1995/002510
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Munenori Onitsuka
Koji Ando
Kenichiro Shinada
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha filed Critical Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority to KR1019960704301A priority Critical patent/KR970701133A/en
Publication of WO1996017738A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996017738A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B60K17/346Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear
    • B60K17/3467Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear combined with a change speed gearing, e.g. range gear

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement of a transfer device provided with a speed change means and a rotation difference sensitive joint.
  • VCU viscous coupling
  • HCU click coupling
  • One of the four-wheel drive systems that achieves this is to provide a mechanism for switching between high-speed gears and low-speed gears, and a mechanism for switching between differential free four-wheel drive and direct-coupled four-wheel drive.
  • a high-speed gear differential-free four-wheel drive (4H) position a high-speed gear direct four-wheel drive (4HLc) position, and a low-speed gear direct four-wheel drive (4 LL c) Select and switch between three shift positions Possible transfer equipment is required.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the drive system of the above-mentioned four-wheel drive vehicle.
  • 1 is an engine as a power source
  • 2 is a transmission
  • 3 is a transfer device
  • 4 is a front differential
  • Reference numeral 5 denotes a lidar differential.
  • the driving force generated by the engine 1 is input to the transfer device 3 via the transmission 2, and according to the shift position of the transfer device 3, each of the different transmission paths in the transfer device 3 is provided.
  • the signal is output to the front differential 4 and the differential 5 via.
  • a switching mechanism between a high gear stage and a low gear stage, and a switching mechanism between a differential free four-wheel drive mechanism and a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mechanism are required.
  • one switching rail 6, 7 is required for each switching mechanism, for example, as in the conventional structure shown in FIG.
  • Shift forks 8 and 9 are attached to these switching rails 6 and 7, respectively, and a desired switching operation is performed by sliding the engaging sleeves 10 and 11 in the axial direction. It is configured to be
  • FIG. 6 In such a conventional structure, as shown in FIG. 6, two switching rails 6 and 7 are arranged substantially in parallel and parallel, and the transfer lever 12 is inclined in the vehicle width direction before engaging. In this case, one of the switching rails is operated in the front and rear directions. For this reason, there is a problem that the number of parts is increased and the cost is disadvantageous. In addition, it is necessary to secure a space for inclining the transfer levers 12 in the vehicle width direction. In particular, for vehicles with small body dimensions such as mini-vehicles, the transmission lever and the shift lever for transmission are required. This was disadvantageous in terms of layout flexibility and livability, partly due to the necessity of juxtaposition.
  • the present invention provides a mechanism for switching the speed changing means such as a switching mechanism between a high gear stage and a low gear stage and a switching unit for performing differential lock switching between the front and rear wheel output shafts with a single set of switching units.
  • the shift position can be switched simply by operating only the operation lever such as the transfer lever.
  • the present invention provides a speed change means for selectively changing the rotation speed transmitted from a power source and transmitting the rotation speed to one of a front wheel output shaft and a rear wheel output shaft, and a front wheel output shaft and a rear wheel.
  • a rotation-difference-sensitive joint interposed between the wheel-side output shaft and transmitting power according to the rotation speed difference between the two output shafts, and a locking means for selectively inhibiting the differential at the rotation-difference-sensitive joint
  • a set of switching means is connected to the operating lever that can be operated by the operator, and the shifting means and the locking means are connected so as to interlock with each other.
  • the speed change means includes a first gear set to which power is transmitted from a power source, a second gear set having a different gear ratio from the first gear set, and a position engaged with the first gear set. And a shift sleeve that is movable between a position engaged with the second gear set side.
  • the gear ratio may be set so that the first gear group rotates at a higher speed than the second gear group.
  • the locking means in the present invention is a port movable between a position where it engages with the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft and a position where it engages with only one of the output shafts. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which a x-leave is provided. In this case, in particular, the operating lever moves the lock sleeve to lock position and lock. Switching to the first position may be performed.
  • the off-road running performance is further improved when the shift position is in the differential lock position.
  • the speed change means includes a first gear set to which power is transmitted from a power source, a second gear set having a different gear ratio from the first gear set, and a position engaged with the first gear set.
  • a shift sleeve movable between a position engaged with the second gear set and a position engaged with the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft. And a rock leave that is movable between a position engaged with only one of the two output shafts.
  • the operating lever may be configured to be able to switch between three positions, a high-speed free position, a high-speed lock position, and a low-speed lock position, and these three positions are switched in this order. It may be installed as possible. In these cases, it is possible to switch to each shift position according to the linear operation of the operation lever, and the space required for operation of the operation lever can be made relatively small. Performance, the number of parts can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a preferred transfer device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the transfer device of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the part A in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 (A) is a high-speed gear differential free four-wheel drive (4H) position
  • Fig. 3 (B) is a high-speed gear directly connected four-wheel drive. (4 HL c) position
  • Fig. 3 (C) shows the state of low-speed gear direct-coupled four-wheel drive (4 LL c) position.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a drive system of a four-wheel drive vehicle.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional switching mechanism using two switching rails.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the two switching rails shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing the internal configuration of a transfer device according to the present invention.
  • an input shaft 22 connected to a transmission and a driving force are output to rear wheels.
  • An input gear 26 that rotates integrally is attached to the input shaft 22, and a high-speed gear rotatably supported on the rear wheel-side output shaft 23 via a high-speed idle gear 27.
  • the high-speed idle gear 27 and the high-speed gear 28 constitute a first gear set.
  • a low-speed gear 29 rotatably supported on the rear shaft-side output shaft 23 is combined with a low-speed idle gear 30 that is coaxially attached to the high-speed idle gear 27 and rotates together. I have.
  • the low-speed gear 29 and the low-speed idle gear 30 constitute a second gear set.
  • one switching rail that slides in the axial direction in conjunction with the transfer lever 31 as an operating lever 32 is provided, and the rail main body constitutes the switching means.
  • a speed change fork 3 3 and a lock fork 3 4 are attached to the switching rail 32, and these pair of forks are always spaced at a constant distance in the axial direction. It is supported so as to be able to slide in the axial direction integrally with the switching rail 32 while maintaining it.
  • the transmission fork 33 on the rear wheel side output shaft 23 engages with the recess formed on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission sleeve 35 that can be splined with the rear wheel side output shaft to allow sliding in the axial direction. Then, in conjunction with the operation of the transfer lever 31, slide the speed change sleeve 35 axially (see the arrow 36 in FIG. 1). In the sliding range of the transmission sleeve 35, the clutch gear 37 of the high-speed gear 28 is disposed forward, and the clutch gear 38 of the low-speed gear 29 is disposed rearward. As a result, the transmission sleeve 35 and the clutch gears 37, 38 connect the high-speed gear 28 or the low-speed gear 29 to the rear-wheel-side output shaft 23 to cut the driving force transmission path.
  • the speed change means 39 for changing is formed.
  • the lock fork 34 on the front wheel side output shaft 25 engages with the recess formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lock fork 40, and the lock sleeve 40 is moved in the axial direction in conjunction with the operation of the transfer lever 31. (See arrow 41 in Figure 1.)
  • the lock sleeve 40 is slidably connected to the clutch gear 44 (front wheel output shaft gear) of the outer case 43, in which the spline formed on the circumferential surface is directly connected to the output shaft 25 of the VCU 24. And are connected to the rear-wheel-side output shaft 23 to be integrally connected with the clutch gear 42 (rear-wheel-side output shaft gear) to connect them directly.
  • the rock leave 40 is designed to engage only with the clutch gear 44 of the outer case 43.
  • the lock sleeve 40 and the clutch gears 42, 44 are connected directly to the four-wheel drive or rear-wheel output shaft 23 with the rear-wheel output shaft 23 and the front-wheel output shaft 25 directly connected. And between the front wheel side output shaft 25.
  • the locking means 45 for switching to one of the driving force transmission paths of a differential free four-wheel drive functioning through the use of 1; 24 is formed.
  • the transfer device of such a configuration is a high-speed gear differential free four-wheel drive (4H) position using high-speed gear 28 and VCU 24, High-speed gear using high-speed gear 28 to inhibit differential in VCU 24 Directly connected four-wheel drive (4HLc) position, and low-speed gear using low-speed gear 29 to inhibit differential in VCU 24
  • Three shift positions of the direct-coupled four-wheel drive (4LLc) position can be selectively switched by sliding one switching rail 32 forward and backward.
  • the high-speed gear differential free four-wheel drive (4H) position is suitable for normal on-gate driving.
  • switching is performed by shifting the transfer lever 31 backward.
  • the switching rail 32 is provided with three concave portions 47, 48, 49 at three places defining each shift position, and is provided with a ball which is appropriately biased by elastic components. Position by engaging with 50.
  • the transmission fork 33 and the rock fork 34 also move forward together while maintaining a certain distance, and the transmission fork 33 moves the transmission sleeve 35 and Rock forks 34 cause Rock Leaves 40 to each slide forward.
  • the ball 50 is fitted into the recess 47 of the switching rail 32, and the speed change sleeve 35 is engaged with the clutch gear 37 of the high-speed gear 28 and the lock.
  • the leaves 40 are respectively engaged with clutch gears 44 provided in the gear case 43 of the VCU 24 (see FIG. 3A).
  • the driving force transmission path in this shift position is as shown by the arrow in Fig. 3 (A). That is, the driving force received by the input shaft 22 connected to the transmission is the input gear 26, the high-speed idle gear 27 and And transmitted to the speed change sleeve 35 via the high speed gear 28, and further transmitted to the rear wheel output shaft 23 fitted with the sleeve 35. Also, at this time, the front wheel side output shaft 25 is connected via the VCU 24, that is, the VCU 24 according to the rotational speed difference, because the rock leave 40 is not engaged with the clutch gear 42. It is connected to the rear wheel output shaft 23 so as to transmit torque.
  • the force using the VCU 24 as the rotational differential sensing joint is replaced by the known hydraulic coupling (HCU) or one-way clutch.
  • HCU hydraulic coupling
  • a function of transmitting a driving force when a rotation difference occurs between the front and rear output shafts may be provided.
  • the high-speed gear-directed four-wheel drive (4HLc) position is suitable for running at relatively high speeds through the off-road.
  • the ball 50 engages with the recess 48 of the switching rail 32, and as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the speed change sleeve 35 becomes the clutch gear 37 of the high speed gear 28. It is combined with. For this reason, the driving force transmission path from the input shaft 22 to the rear wheel output shaft 23 is the same as the above-described 4H position.
  • the lock sleeve 40 slides rearward, it engages with the clutch gear 42 of the rear wheel output shaft 23, so that the rear wheel output shaft 23 and the front wheel output
  • the shaft 25 is directly connected via the outer case 43.
  • the front wheel side output shaft 25 receives the driving force by prohibiting the original function of the VCU 24, that is, the function of transmitting the driving force in the event of a rotation difference.
  • a drive system is formed in which the drive shafts of the wheels rotate together.
  • the four-wheel drive (4LLc) position which is directly connected to a low-speed gear, is suitable when a particularly large driving torque is required when driving off-open.
  • the switching rail 32 moves backward 1 to a position where the ball 50 fits into the recess 49.
  • one set of switching means is provided with the transmission means 39 and the locking means 45 via one switching rail 32 which is displaced by the transfer lever 31.
  • the configuration can be simplified because they are linked.
  • a high-speed gear differential free four-wheel drive (4Hc) position a high-speed gear directly-connected four-wheel drive (4HLc) position, and a low-speed gear directly-connected four-wheel drive (4LLc) position
  • the three shift positions are installed in such a way that they can be switched in this order, so that it is possible to switch to each shift position in accordance with the linear operation of the transfer lever 31.
  • the space required for operating the lever 31 can be made relatively small, the degree of freedom in layout and the livability can be improved, the number of parts can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
  • the switching rail 32 is used as the switching means.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a transfer lever and a speed change sleeve, and a transfer lever and a mouthpiece are used.
  • the sleeve and may be directly connected by cables, and the transmission sleeve and the mouthpiece may be simultaneously moved via the cable in response to switching of the transfer lever.
  • the same operation and effect as when the switching rail 32 is used can be obtained, and in particular, the degree of freedom in layout can be further improved.
  • the transfer device provides a shift position in which on-load traveling stability is obtained by operating the operating lever, and a high-speed and low-speed traveling position in which off-road traveling performance is obtained. Switching to each shift position is possible. Especially, it can be switched to each shift position by linear operation with good operability, so it can be effectively used for automobiles and various industrial equipment equipped with a power transmission system with a transformer. In particular, the effect can be sufficiently exerted when adopted in a small vehicle that tends to have a problem in securing the mounting space.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A transfer device which makes it possible to perform position shifting, with a set of changing-over means, between three positions, a high-speed gear differential free four wheel-driving position, a high-speed gear directly coupled four wheel-driving position and a low-speed gear directly coupled four wheel-driving position, whereby both good on-road stability and off-road running capability can be obtained. In this device, a speed-change fork (33) and a lock fork (34) are mounted on a single changer-over rail (32) interlocking with a transfer lever (31). A speed-change sleeve (35) engaging the speed-change fork (33) is adapted to be brought into mesh engagement with either a clutch gear (37) or a clutch gear (38) to thereby change over a driving force transmission route. A lock sleeve (40) engaging the lock fork (34) connects or disconnects a clutch gear (42) with/from a clutch gear provided on an outer case (43) to perform change-over between the direct coupled four wheel-driving and differential free four wheel-driving.

Description

トラ ンスファ装置 技術分野  Transfer equipment Technical field
この発明は、 変速手段及び回転差感応継手を備えた ト ラ ンスファ 装置の改良に関する。  The present invention relates to an improvement of a transfer device provided with a speed change means and a rotation difference sensitive joint.
 Light
背景技術 Background art
近年、 前輪駆動軸と後輪駆動軸との間に生じた回転差に応じて伝 達 トルクを自動的にコ ン ト口一ルする書ビスカスカップリ ング (以後 単に V C Uと記す) やハイ ド口 リ ックカップリ ング (以後単に H C Uと記す) 等の回転差感応継手を備えたフルタイム四輪駆動車が開 発され、 オンロ ー ド走行に有効な四輪駆動システムと して広く普及 してきている。  In recent years, a viscous coupling (hereinafter simply referred to as VCU), which automatically controls the transmission torque according to the rotational difference generated between the front wheel drive shaft and the rear wheel drive shaft, and a hide port A full-time four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with a rotation-sensitive coupling such as a click coupling (hereinafter simply referred to as an HCU) has been developed, and has become widespread as an effective four-wheel drive system for on-road driving.
と ころが、 上述した回転差感応継手はたとえばオフロ ッ ド走行時 のよ うに常時回転数差が大きい状態で使用すると、 発熱等の問題に よって トルク特性が変化するので、 期待道リ の性能が得られないこ とがある。 このため、 特にオフロー ドにおける高い走行性能が要求 されるよ うな四輪駆動車には高速ギア及び低速ギアを備えた直結式 の四輪駆動システムが好ましい。  However, if the above-mentioned rotational difference sensitive joint is used in a state where the rotational speed difference is always large, for example, during off-road driving, the torque characteristics will change due to problems such as heat generation, so the expected road performance will be reduced. You may not get it. For this reason, a direct-coupled four-wheel drive system equipped with a high-speed gear and a low-speed gear is preferable for a four-wheel drive vehicle that requires particularly high running performance in off-road.
しかし、 オフロー ドタイプの四輪駆動車であってもオンロ ッ ド走 行をするという現実があるため、 高いオフロード性能とオンロー ド における安全性等とを両立させた車両が望まれている。  However, there is a reality that even off-road type four-wheel drive vehicles can run on-road, so vehicles that have both high off-road performance and on-road safety are desired.
これを実現する四輪駆動システムのひとつと して、 高速ギア段と 低速ギア段との切換機構、 及び差動フ リ一四輪駆動と直結四輪駆動 との切換機構を設けたものが考えられ、 通常の ト ラ ンス ミ ッショ ン に加えて、 高速ギア差動フリー四輪駆動 ( 4 H ) ポジショ ン、 高速 ギア直結四輪駆動 ( 4 H L c ) ポジショ ン、 及び低速ギア直結四輪 駆動 ( 4 L L c ) ポジショ ンの 3つのシフ トポジショ ンを選択切換 可能な トランスファ装置が必要となる。 One of the four-wheel drive systems that achieves this is to provide a mechanism for switching between high-speed gears and low-speed gears, and a mechanism for switching between differential free four-wheel drive and direct-coupled four-wheel drive. In addition to the normal transmission, a high-speed gear differential-free four-wheel drive (4H) position, a high-speed gear direct four-wheel drive (4HLc) position, and a low-speed gear direct four-wheel drive (4 LL c) Select and switch between three shift positions Possible transfer equipment is required.
図 4は、 上述した四輪駆動車の駆動系を示す構成図で、 1 は動力 源と してのエンジン、 2 は ト ランス ミ ッショ ン、 3は ト ランスファ 装置、 4 はフロ ン トデフア レンシャル、 5 は リ ャデフア レンシャル をそれぞれ示している。 エンジン 1 で発生した駆動力は トランスミ ッシ ヨ ン 2を介して ト ラ ンスファ装置 3へ入力され、 該 ト ランスフ ァ装置 3のシフ トポジショ ンに応じて、 各々 トラ ンスファ装置 3内 の異なる伝達経路を経てフロ ン トデファ レンシャル 4及びリ ャデフ ァ レンシャル 5へ出力される。  Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the drive system of the above-mentioned four-wheel drive vehicle. 1 is an engine as a power source, 2 is a transmission, 3 is a transfer device, 4 is a front differential, Reference numeral 5 denotes a lidar differential. The driving force generated by the engine 1 is input to the transfer device 3 via the transmission 2, and according to the shift position of the transfer device 3, each of the different transmission paths in the transfer device 3 is provided. The signal is output to the front differential 4 and the differential 5 via.
上述したよ うな トラ ンスファ装置においては、 高速ギア段と低速 ギア段との切換機構、 及び差動フリ 一四輪駆動機構と直結四輪駆動 機構との切換機構が必要となる。 このよ うな 2つの切換操作をする ためには、 例えば図 5に示した従来構造のごとく 、 各切換機構ごと に 1 本の切換レール 6, 7が必要になる。 これらの切換レール 6 , 7には各々シフ ト フォーク 8 , 9が取リ付けられ、 係合するス リ ー ブ 1 0, 1 1 を軸方向ヘスライ ドさせるこ とによって、 所望の切換 操作が成されるよ うに構成されている。  In the transfer apparatus as described above, a switching mechanism between a high gear stage and a low gear stage, and a switching mechanism between a differential free four-wheel drive mechanism and a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mechanism are required. In order to perform such two switching operations, one switching rail 6, 7 is required for each switching mechanism, for example, as in the conventional structure shown in FIG. Shift forks 8 and 9 are attached to these switching rails 6 and 7, respectively, and a desired switching operation is performed by sliding the engaging sleeves 10 and 11 in the axial direction. It is configured to be
このよ うな従来構造では、 図 6に示すごと く 、 2本の切換レール 6, 7が略水平に並行に並んでぉリ、 トラ ンスファ レバー 1 2を車 幅方向に傾斜させてから、 係合するいずれか一本の切換レールを前 後方向へ操作することになる。 このため、 部品点数が多く なつてコ ス ト等の面で不利になる問題がある。 また、 トラ ンスファ レバー 1 2 を車幅方向に傾斜させるスペースを確保しなければならず、 特に、 軽自動車のように車体寸法の小さい車両においては トランス ミ ッ シ ヨ ン用のシフ ト レバーとの並設が必要なこと もあって、 レイアウ ト 上の自由度や居住性の確保等の面で不利であった。  In such a conventional structure, as shown in FIG. 6, two switching rails 6 and 7 are arranged substantially in parallel and parallel, and the transfer lever 12 is inclined in the vehicle width direction before engaging. In this case, one of the switching rails is operated in the front and rear directions. For this reason, there is a problem that the number of parts is increased and the cost is disadvantageous. In addition, it is necessary to secure a space for inclining the transfer levers 12 in the vehicle width direction. In particular, for vehicles with small body dimensions such as mini-vehicles, the transmission lever and the shift lever for transmission are required. This was disadvantageous in terms of layout flexibility and livability, partly due to the necessity of juxtaposition.
そこで、 本発明は、 高速ギア段と低速ギア段との切換機構等の変 速手段及び、 前後輪出力軸間の差動 · ロ ック切換を行う切換手段を 1組の切換手段で切換操作できるよ うにし、 トランスファ レバー等 の操作レバーのみを操作するだけでシフ トポジショ ンの切換が可能 な四輪駆動車の ト ランスファ装置を提供することを目的とする In view of the above, the present invention provides a mechanism for switching the speed changing means such as a switching mechanism between a high gear stage and a low gear stage and a switching unit for performing differential lock switching between the front and rear wheel output shafts with a single set of switching units. The shift position can be switched simply by operating only the operation lever such as the transfer lever. To provide a transfer device for a simple four-wheel drive vehicle
発明の開示 Disclosure of the invention
本発明は、 動力源から伝達された回転速度を選択的に変速して前 輪側出力軸と後輪側出力軸のいずれか一方の出力軸に伝達する変速 手段と、 前輪側出力軸と後輪側出力軸との間に介装され両出力軸間 の回転速度差に応じた動力伝達を行う回転差感応継手と、 同回転差 感応継手における差動を選択的に禁止するロ ック手段とを備える。 特に、 操作者にょ リ操作可能な操作レバーには 1組の切換手段が連 結され、 同切換手段には変速手段と ロ ック手段とが互いに連動する よ う連結される。  The present invention provides a speed change means for selectively changing the rotation speed transmitted from a power source and transmitting the rotation speed to one of a front wheel output shaft and a rear wheel output shaft, and a front wheel output shaft and a rear wheel. A rotation-difference-sensitive joint interposed between the wheel-side output shaft and transmitting power according to the rotation speed difference between the two output shafts, and a locking means for selectively inhibiting the differential at the rotation-difference-sensitive joint And In particular, a set of switching means is connected to the operating lever that can be operated by the operator, and the shifting means and the locking means are connected so as to interlock with each other.
このことによって、 操作レバーが操作されると、 1組の切換手段 を介し変速手段と 口 ック手段が連動し、 所定の接続状態に容易に切 換がなされるので、 路面状況に応じて、 オンロー ド走行の安定性や オフロー ド走行の走破性が得られる各シフ トポジショ ンへの切換え を操作性良く行なえるという効果を奏する。  As a result, when the operating lever is operated, the transmission means and the opening means are interlocked via one set of switching means, so that the connection can be easily switched to a predetermined connection state. This has the effect of making it possible to switch to each shift position with good operability to achieve on-road running stability and off-road running performance.
更に、 本発明での変速手段は、 動力源から動力が伝達される第 1 ギア組と、 第 1 ギア組と変速比が異なる第 2ギア組と、 第 1 ギア組 側に係合する位置と、 第 2ギア組側に係合する位置との間を移動可 能な変速ス リーブとを備えるとの構成を採れる。 こ こでは、 特に、 第 1 ギア組が第 2ギア組よ リ も高回転になる変速比に設定されるよ うにしても良い。  Further, the speed change means according to the present invention includes a first gear set to which power is transmitted from a power source, a second gear set having a different gear ratio from the first gear set, and a position engaged with the first gear set. And a shift sleeve that is movable between a position engaged with the second gear set side. In this case, in particular, the gear ratio may be set so that the first gear group rotates at a higher speed than the second gear group.
これらの場合、 高低速度切換えが容易化され、 走行モー ドが多様 化し、 オンロー ド走行の安定性やオフロー ド走行の走破性がよ り 向 上する。  In these cases, switching between high and low speeds is facilitated, driving modes are diversified, and on-road driving stability and off-road driving performance are further improved.
更に、 本発明でのロ ック手段が、 前輪側出力軸と後輪側出力軸と に係合する位置と両出力軸のいずれか一方のみに係合する位置との 間を移動可能な口 ックス リーブを備えるとの構成を採れる。 こ こで は、 特に、 操作レバーがロックス リーブを移動してロ ック位置とフ リ一位置とへの切換を行っても良い。 Further, the locking means in the present invention is a port movable between a position where it engages with the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft and a position where it engages with only one of the output shafts. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which a x-leave is provided. In this case, in particular, the operating lever moves the lock sleeve to lock position and lock. Switching to the first position may be performed.
これらの場合、 シフ トポジショ ンが差動口 ックである口 ック位置 のときオフロー ド走行の走破性がよ リ向上する。  In these cases, the off-road running performance is further improved when the shift position is in the differential lock position.
更に、 本発明での変速手段は、 動力源から動力が伝達される第 1 ギア組と、 第 1 ギア組と変速比が異なる第 2ギア組と、 第 1 ギア組 側に係合する位置と、 第 2ギア組側に係合する位置との間を移動可 能な変速ス リーブとを備え、 しかも、 ロ ック手段が、 前輪側出力軸 と後輪側出力軸とに係合する位置と両出力軸のいずれか一方のみに 係合する位置との間を移動可能なロ ックス リーブを備えるとの構成 を採れる。  Further, the speed change means according to the present invention includes a first gear set to which power is transmitted from a power source, a second gear set having a different gear ratio from the first gear set, and a position engaged with the first gear set. A shift sleeve movable between a position engaged with the second gear set and a position engaged with the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft. And a rock leave that is movable between a position engaged with only one of the two output shafts.
この場合、 高低速度切換えが容易化され、 走行モー ドが多様化し. しかも、 シフ トポジショ ンが差動口 ックである口 ック位置のときォ フロー ド走行の走破性がょ リ向上する。  In this case, switching between high and low speeds is facilitated and the traveling mode is diversified. In addition, when the shift position is at the docking position where the differential is a docking position, the running performance of off-road running is improved.
こ こでは、 特に、 操作レバーが、 高速フ リ ー位置と高速ロ ック位 置と低速ロ ック位置との 3位置に切換えできるよ うにしても良く 、 この順番にこれら 3位置が切換可能に設置されても良い。 これらの 場合、 操作レバーの直線的な操作に応じて各シフ トポジショ ンへの 切換えが可能となり、 操作レバーの操作に要するスペースを比較的 小さ くすることが出来、 レイアウ ト上の自由度や居住性が向上し、 部品点数を低減でき、 低コス ト化をも図れる。  In this case, in particular, the operating lever may be configured to be able to switch between three positions, a high-speed free position, a high-speed lock position, and a low-speed lock position, and these three positions are switched in this order. It may be installed as possible. In these cases, it is possible to switch to each shift position according to the linear operation of the operation lever, and the space required for operation of the operation lever can be made relatively small. Performance, the number of parts can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.
図面の簡単な説明 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
図 1はこの発明にかかる好ま しい トランスファ装置の一実施例を 示す縦断面図である。  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a preferred transfer device according to the present invention.
図 2は図 1 の ト ランスファ装置の平断面図である。  FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the transfer device of FIG.
図 3は図 1 の A部を示す拡大図でぁリ、 図 3 ( A ) は高速ギア差 動フ リー四輪駆動 (4 H ) ポジショ ン、 図 3 ( B ) は高速ギア直結 四輪駆動 ( 4 H L c ) ポジショ ン、 図 3 ( C ) は低速ギア直結四輪 駆動 (4 L L c ) ポジショ ンの状態を各々示している。 図 4は四輪駆動車の駆動系を示す構成図である。 Fig. 3 is an enlarged view showing the part A in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 (A) is a high-speed gear differential free four-wheel drive (4H) position, and Fig. 3 (B) is a high-speed gear directly connected four-wheel drive. (4 HL c) position, and Fig. 3 (C) shows the state of low-speed gear direct-coupled four-wheel drive (4 LL c) position. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a drive system of a four-wheel drive vehicle.
図 5は 2本の切換レールを使用した従来の切換機構例を示す斜視 図である。  FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional switching mechanism using two switching rails.
図 6は図 5に示した 2本の切換レールの配置を示す平面図である <  FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the two switching rails shown in FIG.
発明を実施するための最良の形態 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
以下、 本発明による ト ランスファ装置の一実施例を図 1乃至図 3 に基づいて説明する。  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a transfer device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
図 1および図 2には本発明による トランスファ装置の内部構成を 示す断面図で、 ケーシング 2 1 の内部には、 トラ ンス ミ ッショ ンと 連結される入力軸 2 2、 後輪に駆動力を出力する後輪側出力軸 2 3 及び回転差感応継手と して設けたビスカスカツプリ ング (V C U ) 2 4を介して後輪側出力軸 2 3 と連結された前輪側出力軸 (V C U 出力軸) 2 5が各々並行に配置されている。 入力軸 2 2には一体に 回動する入力ギア 2 6が取リ付けられ、 高速アイ ドルギア 2 7を介 して、 後輪側出力軸 2 3に対して回動可能に支持された高速ギア 2 8 と嚙合している。  1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing the internal configuration of a transfer device according to the present invention. Inside a casing 21, an input shaft 22 connected to a transmission and a driving force are output to rear wheels. Front shaft output shaft (VCU output shaft) connected to the rear wheel output shaft 23 via the rear wheel output shaft 23 and the viscous coupling (VCU) 24 provided as a rotational difference sensitive joint 25 are respectively arranged in parallel. An input gear 26 that rotates integrally is attached to the input shaft 22, and a high-speed gear rotatably supported on the rear wheel-side output shaft 23 via a high-speed idle gear 27. Combined with 2 8.
なお、 高速アイ ドルギア 2 7 と高速ギア 2 8 とで、 第 1 ギア組を 構成している。 同じく後軸側出力軸 2 3に対して回動可能に支持 された低速ギア 2 9は、 高速アイ ドルギア 2 7 と同軸に取り付けら れて一体に回動する低速アイ ドルギア 3 0 と嚙合している。 なお、 低速ギア 2 9 と低速アイ ドルギア 3 0 とで、 第 2 ギア組を構成して いる。  Note that the high-speed idle gear 27 and the high-speed gear 28 constitute a first gear set. Similarly, a low-speed gear 29 rotatably supported on the rear shaft-side output shaft 23 is combined with a low-speed idle gear 30 that is coaxially attached to the high-speed idle gear 27 and rotates together. I have. The low-speed gear 29 and the low-speed idle gear 30 constitute a second gear set.
上述した後輪側出力軸 2 3及び前輪側出力軸 2 5の上方には、 操 作レバーと しての ト ラ ンスファ レバー 3 1 に連動して軸方向へスラ ィ ドする 1本の切換えレール 3 2が設けられ、 このレール本体が主 体となって切換手段を構成している。  Above the rear-wheel output shaft 23 and the front-wheel output shaft 25 described above, one switching rail that slides in the axial direction in conjunction with the transfer lever 31 as an operating lever 32 is provided, and the rail main body constitutes the switching means.
切換レール 3 2には変速フォーク 3 3及びロックフォーク 3 4が 取リ付けられ、 これら一対のフォークは軸方向に常に一定の間隔を 保ちながら切換レール 3 2と一体に軸方向ヘスライ ド可能に支持さ れる。 A speed change fork 3 3 and a lock fork 3 4 are attached to the switching rail 32, and these pair of forks are always spaced at a constant distance in the axial direction. It is supported so as to be able to slide in the axial direction integrally with the switching rail 32 while maintaining it.
後輪側出力軸 2 3側の変速フォーク 3 3は、 後輪側出力軸とスプ ライ ン結合して軸方向のスライ ドが可能な変速ス リーブ 3 5の外周 面に形成された凹部と嵌合し、 トラ ンスファ レバ一 3 1の操作に連 動して変速スリーブ 3 5を軸方向 (図 1 中の矢印 3 6参照) ヘスラ イ ドさせる。 そして、 変速ス リーブ 3 5のスライ ド範囲には、 高速 ギア 2 8のクラッチギア 3 7が前方に、 低速ギア 2 9のクラッチギ ァ 3 8が後方に、 各々配置されている。 この結果、 変速ス リーブ 3 5及びクラ ッチギア 3 7 , 3 8は、 高速ギア 2 8又は低速ギア 2 9 のいずれか一方を後輪側出力軸 2 3 と連結して駆動力伝達系路の切 換をする変速手段 3 9を形成する。  The transmission fork 33 on the rear wheel side output shaft 23 engages with the recess formed on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission sleeve 35 that can be splined with the rear wheel side output shaft to allow sliding in the axial direction. Then, in conjunction with the operation of the transfer lever 31, slide the speed change sleeve 35 axially (see the arrow 36 in FIG. 1). In the sliding range of the transmission sleeve 35, the clutch gear 37 of the high-speed gear 28 is disposed forward, and the clutch gear 38 of the low-speed gear 29 is disposed rearward. As a result, the transmission sleeve 35 and the clutch gears 37, 38 connect the high-speed gear 28 or the low-speed gear 29 to the rear-wheel-side output shaft 23 to cut the driving force transmission path. The speed change means 39 for changing is formed.
前輪側出力軸 2 5側のロックフォーク 3 4は、 口 ックフォーク 4 0の外周面に形成された凹部と係合し、 トラ ンスファ レバ一 3 1 の 操作に連動してロックス リーブ 4 0を軸方向 (図 1 中の矢印 4 1参 照) ヘスライ ドさせる。 ロックス リーブ 4 0は、 內周面に形成した スプライ ン部が V CU 2 4の出力軸 2 5と直結されたァウタケース 4 3のクラッチギア 4 4 (前輪側出力軸ギア) とスライ ド可能に結 合され、 後輪側出力軸 2 3に結合されて一体に回動するク ラ ッチギ ァ 4 2 (後輪側出力軸ギア) と嚙合して両者を直結状態に接続する。 しかし、 ロ ックス リーブ 4 0を最も前方ヘスライ ドさせた位置では、 ロ ックス リーブ 4 0はァウタケース 4 3のクラッチギア 4 4のみと 嚙合するよ うにしてある。 この結果、 ロックス リーブ 4 0及びクラ ツチギア 4 2、 4 4は、 後輪側出力軸 2 3 と前輪側出力軸 2 5 とが 直結された状態の直結四輪駆動又は後輪側出力軸 2 3と前輪側出力 軸 2 5との間に 。1; 2 4が介在して機能する差動フ リ一四輪駆動 のいずれか一方の駆動力伝達路に切換えるロ ック手段 4 5を形成す る。  The lock fork 34 on the front wheel side output shaft 25 engages with the recess formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lock fork 40, and the lock sleeve 40 is moved in the axial direction in conjunction with the operation of the transfer lever 31. (See arrow 41 in Figure 1.) The lock sleeve 40 is slidably connected to the clutch gear 44 (front wheel output shaft gear) of the outer case 43, in which the spline formed on the circumferential surface is directly connected to the output shaft 25 of the VCU 24. And are connected to the rear-wheel-side output shaft 23 to be integrally connected with the clutch gear 42 (rear-wheel-side output shaft gear) to connect them directly. However, at the position where the rock leave 40 is most forward-slid, the rock leave 40 is designed to engage only with the clutch gear 44 of the outer case 43. As a result, the lock sleeve 40 and the clutch gears 42, 44 are connected directly to the four-wheel drive or rear-wheel output shaft 23 with the rear-wheel output shaft 23 and the front-wheel output shaft 25 directly connected. And between the front wheel side output shaft 25. The locking means 45 for switching to one of the driving force transmission paths of a differential free four-wheel drive functioning through the use of 1; 24 is formed.
このよ うな構成の トラ ンスファ装置は、 高速ギア 2 8及び V C U 2 4を使用した高速ギア差動フ リー四輪駆動 (4 H) ポジショ ン、 高速ギア 2 8を使用し V CU 2 4における差動を禁止した高速ギア 直結四輪駆動 (4 H L c ) ポジショ ン、 及び低速ギア 2 9を使用し V C U 2 4における差動を禁止した低速ギア直結四輪駆動 ( 4 L L c ) ポジショ ンの 3つのシフ トポジショ ンを、 1本の切換えレール 3 2を前後方向にスライ ド操作することによつて選択切換えを可能 と している。 The transfer device of such a configuration is a high-speed gear differential free four-wheel drive (4H) position using high-speed gear 28 and VCU 24, High-speed gear using high-speed gear 28 to inhibit differential in VCU 24 Directly connected four-wheel drive (4HLc) position, and low-speed gear using low-speed gear 29 to inhibit differential in VCU 24 Three shift positions of the direct-coupled four-wheel drive (4LLc) position can be selectively switched by sliding one switching rail 32 forward and backward.
以下、 上述した各シフ トポジショ ンごとに、 ト ラ ンスファ レバ一 3 1 の操作に続く各部の動作、 及びシフ トチェンジ完了後の駆動力 伝達経路を説明する。  Hereinafter, the operation of each part following the operation of the transfer lever 31 and the driving force transmission path after the completion of the shift change will be described for each shift position described above.
高速ギア差動フ リー四輪駆動 (4 H) ポジショ ンは通常のオン口 一ド走行に適しておリ、 上記実施例の トランスファ装置では トラン スファ レバー 3 1を後方へシフ 卜することによって切換えられる。 ト ラ ンスファ レバー 3 1が後方へシフ ト されると、 支点 4 6の下端 部が前方に揺動し、 これと係合している切換レール 3 2を前方ヘス ライ ドさせる。 なお、 切換レール 3 2には、 各シフ トポジショ ンを 定める 3 力所の凹部 4 7, 4 8, 4 9が直線上に設けられておリ 、 弾性部品によって適度の付勢を受けているボール 5 0 との係合によ つて位置決めをする。  The high-speed gear differential free four-wheel drive (4H) position is suitable for normal on-gate driving. In the transfer device of the above embodiment, switching is performed by shifting the transfer lever 31 backward. Can be When the transfer lever 31 is shifted rearward, the lower end of the fulcrum 46 swings forward, and the switching rail 32 engaged therewith is sliding forward. The switching rail 32 is provided with three concave portions 47, 48, 49 at three places defining each shift position, and is provided with a ball which is appropriately biased by elastic components. Position by engaging with 50.
切換レール 3 2が前方にスライ ドするのと同時に、 変速フォーク 3 3及びロ ックフォーク 34 も一定の距離を保ちながら一体に前方 へ移動し、 変速フォーク 3 3は変速ス リーブ 3 5を、 そしてロ ック フォーク 3 4はロ ックス リーブ 4 0を、 各々前方ヘスライ ドさせる。 こ う してシフ トチェンジが完了した状態では、 切換レール 3 2の凹 所 4 7にボール 5 0が嵌合し、 変速ス リーブ 3 5は高速ギア 2 8の クラ ッチギア 3 7 と、 またロ ックス リーブ 4 0は V CU 24のァゥ タケ一ス 4 3に設けられたクラッチギア 4 4 と、 各々嵌合している (図 3 ( A) 参照) 。  At the same time as the switching rail 32 slides forward, the transmission fork 33 and the rock fork 34 also move forward together while maintaining a certain distance, and the transmission fork 33 moves the transmission sleeve 35 and Rock forks 34 cause Rock Leaves 40 to each slide forward. When the shift change is completed in this way, the ball 50 is fitted into the recess 47 of the switching rail 32, and the speed change sleeve 35 is engaged with the clutch gear 37 of the high-speed gear 28 and the lock. The leaves 40 are respectively engaged with clutch gears 44 provided in the gear case 43 of the VCU 24 (see FIG. 3A).
このシフ トポジショ ンでの駆動力伝達経路は図 3 (A) 中に矢印 で示したよ うになる。 即ち、 ト ランス ミ ッショ ン と連結された入力 軸 2 2で受けた駆動力は、 入力ギア 2 6、 高速アイ ドルギア 2 7及 び高速ギア 2 8を介して変速ス リーブ 3 5に伝達され、 更に該ス リ ーブ 3 5 と嵌合している後輪側出力軸 2 3に伝達される。 また、 こ の時の前輪側出力軸 2 5は、 ロ ックス リーブ 4 0がクラッチギア 4 2 と嵌合していないので、 V C U 2 4を介して、 即ち V C U 2 4が 回転数差に応じて トルク伝達をするよ うに後輪側出力軸 2 3 と連結 されている。 The driving force transmission path in this shift position is as shown by the arrow in Fig. 3 (A). That is, the driving force received by the input shaft 22 connected to the transmission is the input gear 26, the high-speed idle gear 27 and And transmitted to the speed change sleeve 35 via the high speed gear 28, and further transmitted to the rear wheel output shaft 23 fitted with the sleeve 35. Also, at this time, the front wheel side output shaft 25 is connected via the VCU 24, that is, the VCU 24 according to the rotational speed difference, because the rock leave 40 is not engaged with the clutch gear 42. It is connected to the rear wheel output shaft 23 so as to transmit torque.
なお、 本実施例では回転差感応継手と して V C U 24を使用して いる力 このビスカスカ ップリ ング ( V C U ) を周知のハイ ドロ リ ック カップリ ング (H C U) や、 ワンウェイクラ ッ ツチに置き換え ることによ リ、 前後出力軸間に回転差が生じた場合に駆動力の伝達 をするという機能を付与しても良い。  In this embodiment, the force using the VCU 24 as the rotational differential sensing joint is replaced by the known hydraulic coupling (HCU) or one-way clutch. Thus, a function of transmitting a driving force when a rotation difference occurs between the front and rear output shafts may be provided.
次に、 高速ギア直結四輪駆動 (4 H L c ) ポジショ ンは、 オフ口 ー ドを比較的高速で走行する場合に等に適している。 このシフ トポ ジシヨ ンでは、 切換レール 3 2の凹所 4 8にボール 5 0が係合し、 図 3 (B ) に示すごと く 、 変速ス リーブ 3 5は高速ギア 2 8のクラ ツチギア 3 7 と嚙合している。 このため、 入力軸 2 2から後輪側出 力軸 2 3までの駆動力伝達系路は、 上述した 4 Hポジショ ンと同様 となる。  Second, the high-speed gear-directed four-wheel drive (4HLc) position is suitable for running at relatively high speeds through the off-road. In this shift position, the ball 50 engages with the recess 48 of the switching rail 32, and as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the speed change sleeve 35 becomes the clutch gear 37 of the high speed gear 28. It is combined with. For this reason, the driving force transmission path from the input shaft 22 to the rear wheel output shaft 23 is the same as the above-described 4H position.
し力 し、 ロ ックスリーブ 4 0は、 後方へスライ ドしたこ とによつ て後輪側出力軸 2 3のクラッチギア 4 2 と嚙合するので、 後輪側出 力軸 2 3 と前輪側出力軸 2 5 とはァウタケース 4 3を介して直結状 態になる。 このため、 前輪側出力軸 2 5は、 VC U 2 4本来の機能, すなわち回転差が生じた場合に駆動力の伝達をするという機能を禁 止して駆動力を受けることと成リ、 前後輪の駆動軸が一体となって 回転する駆動系が形成される。  As the lock sleeve 40 slides rearward, it engages with the clutch gear 42 of the rear wheel output shaft 23, so that the rear wheel output shaft 23 and the front wheel output The shaft 25 is directly connected via the outer case 43. For this reason, the front wheel side output shaft 25 receives the driving force by prohibiting the original function of the VCU 24, that is, the function of transmitting the driving force in the event of a rotation difference. A drive system is formed in which the drive shafts of the wheels rotate together.
また低速ギア直結四輪駆動 ( 4 L L c ) ポジショ ンは、 オフ口一 ド走行時で特に大きな駆動 トルクを必要とするよ うな場合に適して いる。 このシフ トポジションでは凹所 4 9にボール 5 0が嵌合する 位置まで切換レール 3 2が後 1する。  The four-wheel drive (4LLc) position, which is directly connected to a low-speed gear, is suitable when a particularly large driving torque is required when driving off-open. In this shift position, the switching rail 32 moves backward 1 to a position where the ball 50 fits into the recess 49.
この結果、 図 3 (C) に示すごと く 、 変速ス リ ーブ 3 5は、 4 H 及び 4 H L c ポジショ ンでの高速ギア 2 8に変わって低速ギア 2 9 のク ラ ッチギア 3 8 と嚙合するので、 ト ラ ンス ミ ッ ショ ンから入力 された駆動力は、 入力ギア 2 6高速アイ ドルギア 2 7 との嚙合、 及 び高速アイ ドルギア 2 7 と同軸に取り付けた低速アイ ドルギア 3 0 と低速ギア 2 9 との嚙合を介して、 変速ス リーブ 3 5から後輪側出 力軸 2 3に伝達される。 なお、 ロ ックス リーブ 4 0は 4 H L c ポジ シヨ ンと同様に後輪側出力軸 2 3のクラッチギア 4 2 と嚙合してい るので、 V C U 2 4の機能を禁止して前後輪の出力軸が一体となつ た駆動系が形成される。 As a result, as shown in FIG. And 4 HLc In place of the high gear 28 in the HLc position, it is combined with the clutch gear 38 of the low gear 29, so that the driving force input from the transmission is reduced to the input gear 26 high Through the connection with the idle gear 27 and the combination of the low-speed idle gear 30 and the low-speed gear 29 mounted coaxially with the high-speed idle gear 27, the transmission sleeve 35 to the rear-wheel output shaft 2 Conveyed to 3. Since the Rock Leave 40 is engaged with the clutch gear 42 of the rear wheel output shaft 23 as in the 4HLc position, the function of the VCU 24 is prohibited and the output shaft of the front and rear wheels is Are integrated to form a drive system.
このよ うに、 上述した実施例では、 特に、 1組の切換手段が トラ ンス ファ レバー 3 1 によ リ変位される 1本の切換レール 3 2 を介し 変速手段 3 9 と ロ ック手段 4 5を連動させるので、 構成を簡素化で きる。 しかも、 この実施例では、 高速ギア差動フ リー四輪駆動 ( 4 H ) ポジショ ン、 高速ギア直結四輪駆動 ( 4 H L c ) ポジショ ン、 及び低速ギア直結四輪駆動 ( 4 L L c ) ポジショ ンの 3つのシフ ト ポジショ ンを、 この順番に切換可能に設置したので、 ト ラ ンスファ レバ一 3 1 の直線的な操作に応じて各シフ トポジショ ンへの切換え が可能とな リ 、 ト ランスファ レバー 3 1 の操作に要するスペースを 比較的小さ くすることが出来、 レイアウ ト上の自由度や居住性が向 上し、 部品点数を低減でき、 低コ ス ト化をも図れる。  As described above, in the above-described embodiment, in particular, one set of switching means is provided with the transmission means 39 and the locking means 45 via one switching rail 32 which is displaced by the transfer lever 31. The configuration can be simplified because they are linked. Moreover, in this embodiment, a high-speed gear differential free four-wheel drive (4Hc) position, a high-speed gear directly-connected four-wheel drive (4HLc) position, and a low-speed gear directly-connected four-wheel drive (4LLc) position The three shift positions are installed in such a way that they can be switched in this order, so that it is possible to switch to each shift position in accordance with the linear operation of the transfer lever 31. The space required for operating the lever 31 can be made relatively small, the degree of freedom in layout and the livability can be improved, the number of parts can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
上述した実施例では切換手段と して切換レール 3 2を用いた例に 付いて説明したが、 本願はこれに限らず、 例えば、 トラ ンスファ レ バーと変速スリーブ、 及びト ランスファ レバーと 口 ック ス リーブと をそれぞれケーブルで直結し、 ト ラ ンスファ レバ一の切換えに応動 してケーブルを介して変速ス リ一ブと 口 ックスリ 一ブとが同時に移 動するよ うに構成されても良い。 この場合も、 切換レール 3 2 を用 いた場合と同様の作用効果が得られ、 特に、 レイアウ ト上の自由度 をよ リ高めることができる。 産業上の利用可能性 In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the switching rail 32 is used as the switching means has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a transfer lever and a speed change sleeve, and a transfer lever and a mouthpiece are used. The sleeve and may be directly connected by cables, and the transmission sleeve and the mouthpiece may be simultaneously moved via the cable in response to switching of the transfer lever. Also in this case, the same operation and effect as when the switching rail 32 is used can be obtained, and in particular, the degree of freedom in layout can be further improved. Industrial applicability
以上のよ うに、 本発明による トラ ンスファ装置は、 操作レバ一の 操作によって、 オンロー ド走行の安定性の得られるシフ トポジショ ンと、 オフ口一 ド走行の走破性が得られる高速及び低速用の各シフ トポジショ ンへの切換えができ、 特に、 直線操作によって各シフ ト ポジショ ンへ操作性良く切換えができるので、 自動車やト ラ ンスフ ァ付きの動力伝達系を備えた各種産業機器に有効利用でき、 特に、 取付けスペースの確保に問題を生じ易い小型車両に採用された場合 にその効果を十分に発揮できる。  As described above, the transfer device according to the present invention provides a shift position in which on-load traveling stability is obtained by operating the operating lever, and a high-speed and low-speed traveling position in which off-road traveling performance is obtained. Switching to each shift position is possible.Especially, it can be switched to each shift position by linear operation with good operability, so it can be effectively used for automobiles and various industrial equipment equipped with a power transmission system with a transformer. In particular, the effect can be sufficiently exerted when adopted in a small vehicle that tends to have a problem in securing the mounting space.

Claims

請 求 の 範 囲 . 動力源から伝達された回転速度を選択的に変速して前輪側出力 軸と後輪側出力軸のいずれか一方の出力軸に伝達する変速手段と 上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸との間に介装され上記両 出力軸間の回転速度差に応じた動力伝達を行う回転差感応継手と 同回転差感応継手における差動を選択的に禁止するロック手段 と、 A transmission means for selectively shifting the rotation speed transmitted from the power source and transmitting the rotation speed to one of the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft, and the front wheel output shaft; A rotation-difference-sensitive joint interposed between the rear-wheel-side output shaft and transmitting power in accordance with a rotation speed difference between the two output shafts, and a lock means for selectively prohibiting differential at the rotation-difference-sensitive joint When,
操作者によリ操作可能な操作レバーと、 An operation lever that can be operated by an operator,
同操作レバーに互いに連動され上記変速手段と上記ロック手段 とを同時に切り換え可能な 1組の切換手段と、  A set of switching means interlocked with the operating lever and capable of simultaneously switching the transmission means and the locking means;
を備えたことを特徴とする ト ラ ンスファ装置。 A transfer device comprising:
. 上記変速手段が、 . The shifting means is
上記動力源から動力が伝達される第 1ギア組と、  A first gear set to which power is transmitted from the power source;
上記動力源から動力が伝達されると共に上記第 1 ギア組と変速 比が異なる第 2ギア組と、  A second gear set which receives power from the power source and has a different gear ratio from the first gear set;
上記第 1ギア組みと上記一方の出力軸に係合する位置と、 上記 第 2ギア組と上記一方の出力軸に係合する位置と、 の間を移動可 能な変速スリーブと、  A speed change sleeve movable between a position where the first gear set is engaged with the one output shaft and a position where the second gear set is engaged with the one output shaft;
から構成されたことを特徴とすろ請求項 1記載の ト ラ ン スフ ァ装 置。 2. The transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the transfer device comprises:
. 上記第 1ギア組が上記第 2ギア組よリ も高回転になるように各 ギア組の変速比が設定され、 The gear ratio of each gear set is set so that the first gear set rotates at a higher speed than the second gear set,
上記操作レバーが高速位置と低速位置に切換可能に設置され、 上記操作レバーが高速位置の時、 上記変速ス リーブが上記第 1 ギア組と上記一方の出力軸とに係合する位置に移動し、  The operation lever is installed so as to be switchable between a high-speed position and a low-speed position. When the operation lever is at the high-speed position, the shift sleeve is moved to a position where it is engaged with the first gear set and the one output shaft. ,
上記操作レバーが低速位置の時、 上記変速スリーブが上記第 2 ギア組と上記一方の出力軸とに係合する位置に移動するように、 上記変速手段が構成されていることを特徴とする請求項 2記載の ト ラ ンスファ装置。 The speed change means is configured such that when the operation lever is at the low speed position, the speed change sleeve is moved to a position where the speed change sleeve engages with the second gear set and the one output shaft. The transfer device according to item 2.
4 . 上記ロ ック手段が、 4. The locking means is
上記切換手段に連結され上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸 とに係合する位置と、 上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸との いずれか一方のみに係合する位置と、 の間を移動可能な口 ック ス リ 一ブから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項 1記載の トラ ンスファ装置。  A position connected to the switching means and engaged with the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft, and a position engaged with only one of the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft. 2. The transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the transfer device comprises a mouthpiece that can move between and.
5 . 上記操作レバ一が口 ック位置とフ リ ー位置とに切換可能に設置 され、  5. The above-mentioned operation lever is installed so as to be switchable between the hook position and the free position,
上記操作レバーが口 ック位置の時、 上記ロックス リーブが上記 前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸とに係合し、  When the operation lever is in the locked position, the lock sleeve engages with the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft,
上記操作レバーがフ リー位置のとき、 上記口 ッ クス リ 一ブが上 記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸とのいずれか一方のみに係合 するよ うに、 上記口 ック手段が構成されているこ とを特徴とする 請求項 4記載の トラ ンスファ装置。  When the operation lever is at the free position, the hook means is so arranged that the mouthpiece is engaged with only one of the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft. The transfer device according to claim 4, wherein the transfer device is configured.
6 . 上記変速手段が、 6. The transmission means
上記動力源から動力が伝達される第 1 ギア組と、  A first gear set to which power is transmitted from the power source;
上記動力源から動力が伝達されると共に上記第 1 ギア組と変速 比が異なる第 2ギア組と、  A second gear set which receives power from the power source and has a different gear ratio from the first gear set;
上記第 1 ギア組と上記一方の出力軸とに係合する位置と、 上記 第 2ギア組と上記一方の出力軸とに係合する位置と、 の問を移動 可能な変速ス リーブと、  A shift sleeve capable of moving between a position engaged with the first gear set and the one output shaft, and a position engaged with the second gear set and the one output shaft;
から構成され、  Composed of
上記口 ック手段が、  The above-mentioned mouth means
上記切換手段に連動され上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸 とに係合する位置と上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸とのい ずれか一方のみに係合する位置と、 の間を移動可能なロ ックス リ ーブから構成されている  A position engaged with the front wheel side output shaft and the rear wheel side output shaft interlocked with the switching means, and a position engaged with only one of the front wheel side output shaft and the rear wheel side output shaft. Consists of a rock leave that can move between and
ことを特徴とする請求項 1記載の トランスファ装置。  2. The transfer device according to claim 1, wherein:
7 . 上記第 1 ギア組が上記第 2ギア組よ リ も高速回転になるよ うに 各ギア組の変速比が設定され、 上記操作レバ一が高速フ リ一位置と高速口 ック位置と低速口 ッ ク位置に切換可能に設置され、 7. The gear ratio of each gear set is set so that the first gear set rotates faster than the second gear set. The above-mentioned operation lever is installed so as to be switchable between a high-speed free position, a high-speed opening position and a low-speed opening position,
上記操作レバーが高速フ リ一位置の時、 上記変速ス リ一ブが上 記第 1 ギア組と上記一方の出力軸とに係合し、 上記ロ ックス リー ブが上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸とのいずれか一方のみ に係合し、  When the operation lever is at the high speed free position, the transmission sleeve engages with the first gear set and the one output shaft, and the rock sleeve engages with the front wheel output shaft and the output shaft. Engage with only one of the rear wheel output shafts,
上記操作レバーが高速口 ック位置の時、 上記変速ス リ一ブが上 記第 1 ギア組と上記一方の出力軸とに係合し、 上記ロ ックス リー ブが上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸とに係合し、  When the operation lever is in the high-speed lock position, the transmission sleeve engages with the first gear set and the one output shaft, and the rock sleeve engages with the front wheel output shaft and the output shaft. Engage with the rear wheel output shaft,
上記操作レバーが低速ロ ック位置の時、 上記変速ス リーブが上 記第 2ギア組と上記一方の出力軸とに係合し、 上記ロ ックス リー ブが上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸とに係合するよ う上記 変速手段及び上記口 ック手段及び上記切換手段が構成されている ことを特徴とする請求項 6記載の トランスファ装置。  When the operation lever is in the low speed lock position, the speed change sleeve engages with the second gear set and the one output shaft, and the rock sleeve moves the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel. 7. The transfer device according to claim 6, wherein the transmission means, the hook means, and the switching means are configured to engage with the side output shaft.
8 . 上記操作レバーが、 高速フ リ ー位置、 高速ロ ック位置、 低速口 ック位置の順番に切換可能に設置されると共に、 上記切換手段が, 上記操作レバーの切リ換わリに応じて移動し、 上記変速ス リーブ と上記ロ ックス リーブとをそれぞれ上記各位値に対応した位置へ 移動させ、 8. The operation lever is installed so that it can be switched in the order of the high speed free position, the high speed lock position, and the low speed lock position, and the switching means is used for switching the operation lever. The shift sleeve and the rock sleeve are respectively moved to positions corresponding to the respective values, and
上記操作レバーが上記高速フ リ ー位置の時、 上記変速ス リーブ が上記第 1 ギア組と上記一方の出力軸とに係合し、 かつ上記ロ ッ ク ス リ一ブが上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸とのいずれか 一方のみに係合し、  When the operating lever is at the high speed free position, the shift sleeve engages with the first gear set and the one output shaft, and the lock sleeve engages with the front wheel output shaft. And only one of the rear wheel output shaft and
上記操作レバーが高速フ リー位置から上記高速ロ ック位置への 切換時に、  When the operation lever is switched from the high speed free position to the high speed lock position,
上記変速ス リーブの上記第 1 ギア組と上記一方の出力軸との係 合を維持し、  Maintaining the engagement between the first gear set of the speed change sleeve and the one output shaft,
かつ上記口 ック ス リーブが上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力 軸とのいずれか一方のみの係合から両者への係合に切リ換わリ 、 上記操作レバーが高速口 ック位置から上記低速ロック位置への 切換え時に、 And the mouthpiece is switched from engagement of only one of the front wheel side output shaft and the rear wheel side output shaft to engagement of both, and the operation lever is a high speed mouthpiece. Position to the low speed lock position At the time of switching
上記変速ス リーブが上記第 1 ギア組と上記一方の出力軸との係合 から上記第 2ギア組と上記一方の出力軸との係合に切リ換わリ 、 かつ上記口ックス リ一ブの上記前輪側出力軸と上記後輪側出力軸 との係合を維持するよ うに上記変速手段及び上記ロ ック手段及び 上記切換手段が構成されていることを特徴とする請求項 7記載の ト ランスファ装置。  The speed change sleeve is switched from the engagement between the first gear set and the one output shaft to the engagement between the second gear set and the one output shaft; and 8. The transmission device according to claim 7, wherein the transmission means, the locking means, and the switching means are configured to maintain the engagement between the front wheel output shaft and the rear wheel output shaft. Transfer equipment.
9 . 上記切換レバーが、 車両前後方向に沿って切換可能であるこ と を特徴とする請求項 8記載の ト ラ ンスファ装置。  9. The transfer device according to claim 8, wherein the switching lever is switchable in a vehicle longitudinal direction.
1 0 . 上記回転差感応継手が粘性流体継手であることを特徴とする 請求項 1記載の トランスファ装置。  10. The transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation difference sensitive joint is a viscous fluid joint.
1 1 . 上記回転差感応継手がワンウェイクラ ッチであることを特徴 とする請求項 1記載の トラ ンスファ装置。  11. The transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation difference sensitive joint is a one-way clutch.
1 2 . 上記 1組の切換手段は、 上記操作レバーによ り変位される 1 本の切換レールにそれぞれ連動され、 これによ リ上記変速手段と 上記ロ ック手段とを同時に切換可能であることを特徴とする請求 項 1記載の トランスファ装置。  12. The one set of switching means is interlocked with one switching rail which is displaced by the operation lever, whereby the transmission means and the locking means can be simultaneously switched. The transfer device according to claim 1, wherein:
1 3 . 上記 1組の切換手段は、 上記操作レバーによ リ変位されるケ —ブルにそれぞれ連動され、 これによ り上記変速手段と上記口 ッ ク手段とを同時に切換可能であることを特徴とする請求项 1記載 の トラ ンスファ装置。  13. The above-mentioned one set of switching means is interlocked with the cables which are displaced by the operation lever, and thereby, it is possible to simultaneously switch the above-mentioned transmission means and the above-mentioned opening means. The transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the transfer device is characterized in that:
PCT/JP1995/002510 1994-12-09 1995-12-07 Transfer device WO1996017738A1 (en)

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JP06330979A JP3085348B2 (en) 1994-12-09 1994-12-09 Transfer device for four-wheel drive vehicles
JP6/330979 1994-12-09

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62143732A (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-06-27 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd 4-wheel drive device
JPS6325139A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-02-02 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Four wheel drive device
JPS6350733U (en) * 1986-09-20 1988-04-06
JPH01275224A (en) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-02 Fuji Technica Inc Power transmission mechanism for four-wheel drive vehicle
JPH03217333A (en) * 1990-01-19 1991-09-25 Mitsubishi Automob Eng Co Ltd Transmission for four-wheel drive car

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62143732A (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-06-27 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd 4-wheel drive device
JPS6325139A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-02-02 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Four wheel drive device
JPS6350733U (en) * 1986-09-20 1988-04-06
JPH01275224A (en) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-02 Fuji Technica Inc Power transmission mechanism for four-wheel drive vehicle
JPH03217333A (en) * 1990-01-19 1991-09-25 Mitsubishi Automob Eng Co Ltd Transmission for four-wheel drive car

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JP3085348B2 (en) 2000-09-04
KR970701133A (en) 1997-03-17
JPH08156625A (en) 1996-06-18

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