JPS60261734A - Four-wheel drive car - Google Patents
Four-wheel drive carInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60261734A JPS60261734A JP59120510A JP12051084A JPS60261734A JP S60261734 A JPS60261734 A JP S60261734A JP 59120510 A JP59120510 A JP 59120510A JP 12051084 A JP12051084 A JP 12051084A JP S60261734 A JPS60261734 A JP S60261734A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wheel drive
- shaft
- engaged
- clutch
- output shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
- B60K17/346—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、パートタイム式４輪駆動車に関し、特にＦＦ
とＦＲの２輪駆動及びＬンターデフ付４輪駆動の３種類
の駆動形式を得るものに関りる。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a part-time four-wheel drive vehicle, and in particular to a front-wheel drive vehicle.
It is concerned with obtaining three types of drive formats: 2-wheel drive with FR and 4-wheel drive with L-type differential.
［発明の背景１
この種の４輪駆動車の変速機及び変速操作装置について
は本件出願人による１例えば特開昭５５−４２９２号公
報により前輪による２輪駆動と４輪駆動をレバー操作で
切換可能にしたものが提案されており、同じ趣旨で後輪
による２輪駆動と４輪駆動を同様にレバー操作で切換可
能にしたものも提案されているが、これらは「Ｆ又はＲ
Ｒをベースとしており２輪駆動の形態としては前、後輪
の一方のみである。そしてこのような従来技術のもとて
近年４輪駆動特有のラフロード、急登板、滑り易い路面
での走破性、操縦性の良さが注目され、４輪駆動車が普
及されて来ている。[Background of the Invention 1] Regarding the transmission and shift operation device for this type of 4-wheel drive vehicle, the present applicant discloses, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-4292, which switches between 2-wheel drive and 4-wheel drive using the front wheels by operating a lever. For the same purpose, there has also been a proposal for a device that allows switching between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive using the rear wheels by lever operation, but these are not compatible with F or R.
It is based on the R, and has two-wheel drive only on either the front or rear wheels. In recent years, based on such conventional technology, four-wheel drive vehicles have become popular as four-wheel drive vehicles have attracted attention for their excellent ability to travel on rough roads, steep climbs, slippery roads, and maneuverability.
［発明の目的１
本発明は、このような事情に鑑み、Ｆ ＦとＦＲの２輪
駆動及びセンターデフ付４輪駆動の３種類の駆動形式を
任意に選択して得ることを可能にした４輪駆動車を提供
することを目的とする。[Objective of the Invention 1] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention makes it possible to arbitrarily select and obtain three types of drive formats: FF and FR two-wheel drive, and four-wheel drive with a center differential. The purpose is to provide wheel drive vehicles.
［発明の構成］
この目的のため本発明の構成は、変速機からの出力軸に
センターデフ装置を設置ノ、このセンタ、−デフ装置に
対して前輪駆動系を第１の噛合いクラッチを介し、後輪
駆動系を第２の噛合いクラッチを介してそれぞれ伝動構
成し、更にセンターデフロック用の第３の噛合いクラッ
チを備え、これら３組の噛合いクラッチを選択的に係合
又は解放することにより、変速機出力側を前輪又は後輪
に直結し、或いはセンターデフ装置を介して前、後輪に
結合することを要旨とＪ−るものである。[Configuration of the Invention] For this purpose, the configuration of the present invention is such that a center differential device is installed on the output shaft from the transmission, and the front wheel drive system is connected to the center differential device via a first dog clutch. , the rear wheel drive system is configured to transmit transmission via a second dog clutch, and is further provided with a third dog clutch for center differential lock, and these three sets of dog clutches are selectively engaged or released. Accordingly, the gist is that the output side of the transmission is directly connected to the front wheels or rear wheels, or is connected to the front and rear wheels via a center differential device.
［発明の実施例］
以干、図面を参照して本発明の一実施例を具体的に説明
する。図面において本発明による４輪駆動車の伝動系に
ついて説明すると、符号１はエンジン、２はクラッチ、
３は入力軸、４は変速機である。変速機４は常時噛合式
のものぐ、入力軸３に対して出力軸５が平行に配置され
て、これらの両軸３．５に第１速ないし第４速の互に噛
合う４相の変速用ギＡ７６ないし９が’ｆＵ＋ｊてあり
、ギヤ６と７との間の同ｔ１１３機構１０．ギ八７８と
９どの間の同期１構１１を選択的に動作することで、第
１速から第４速迄の各前進変速段を得るようになってい
る。[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. To explain the transmission system of a four-wheel drive vehicle according to the present invention in the drawings, reference numeral 1 is an engine, 2 is a clutch,
3 is an input shaft, and 4 is a transmission. The transmission 4 is of a constant mesh type, with an output shaft 5 disposed parallel to the input shaft 3, and two mutually meshing four-phase transmissions for first to fourth speeds on both shafts 3.5. Shifting gears A76 to A9 are 'fU+j', and the same t113 mechanism 10. between gears 6 and 7. By selectively operating the synchronizer 11 between the gears 78 and 9, each forward gear stage from the first speed to the fourth speed is obtained.
メ・″ 、、、、いヵ、、３゜。１、あ、３．。１６１
，１．。Me・″ ,,,,Ika,,3゜.1,A,3..161
,1. .
期機構１０のスリー１側のギヤ１３を図示しないアイド
ラギヤを介して噛合わせることで１後退段を得るにうに
なっている。One reverse gear is obtained by meshing the gear 13 on the third gear 1 side of the gear shift mechanism 10 via an idler gear (not shown).
上記出力軸５は中望軸であってその内部にフロン１〜ド
ライブ軸１４が挿入され、）１−１ントドラーｒブ軸１
４の前端に配置されるドライブピニオン１５が前輪終減
速装置１ＧのクラウンギＸ７１７に噛合っている。The output shaft 5 is an intermediate shaft into which the front 1 to the drive shaft 14 are inserted.
A drive pinion 15 disposed at the front end of the front wheel terminal gear 4 meshes with a crown gear X717 of the front wheel final reduction gear 1G.
また、変速機４の後部のトランスファ装置１８にＪ５い
て、出力軸５の後端にセンターデフ装置１９が設置され
る。このしンターデフ装置１９は出力軸５と一体的なス
パイダ２０、スパーメグ２０により支１ｈされるデフビ
ニオン２１、及びデフビニオン２１と噛合うリーイドギ
ャ２２．２３を有し、出力軸５と共にデ゛ノピ二Ａン２
１が自転しながら公転して、左右のサイドギヤ２２．２
３にそこにかかる抵抗ｔこ応じて回転差を与えるように
′４Ｉｉ成される。そして、かかるセンターデフ装置１
９の一方のサイドギヤ２２が噛合いクラッチ２４を介し
てフロントドライブ軸１４の後端に連結され、このクラ
ッチ２４はフロンｌへドライブ軸１４側にハブ２５を、
ギ（７２２側にスプライン２６を有し、 ＼ハブ２５側
のスリーブ２１を移動してスプライン２６に噛合うこと
で回転方向に一体的に係合するように構成される。Furthermore, a center differential device 19 is installed at the rear end of the output shaft 5 at the transfer device 18 at the rear of the transmission 4 . This intermediate differential device 19 has a spider 20 integrated with the output shaft 5, a differential gear 21 supported by a spur gear 20, and lead gears 22 and 23 that mesh with the differential gear 21. N2
1 revolves around its axis, and the left and right side gears 22.2
'4Ii is constructed to give a rotational difference in accordance with the resistance t applied thereto. And, such a center differential device 1
One side gear 22 of 9 is connected to the rear end of the front drive shaft 14 via a dog clutch 24, and this clutch 24 connects the hub 25 to the drive shaft 14 side to the front l.
The spline 26 is provided on the gear (722 side), and the sleeve 21 on the hub 25 side is moved and engaged with the spline 26, so that the sleeve 21 is integrally engaged in the rotational direction.
センターデフ装置１９の他方のナイドギ１７２３は互い
に噛合う１組のトランスファギヤ２８を介して所定の位
酋のトランスファ軸２９に連結し、この１−シンスファ
軸２９が上述と同様に構成される噛合いクラッチ３０を
介し−（すＶドライブ軸３１に連結し、リヤドライブ軸
３１は更にプ［１ペラ軸３２′：９を介して後輪終減速
装置３３に伝動構成される。そして更に、センタ−デフ
装置１９のサイドギヤ２３とデフビニオン２１側の変速
機出力軸５との間に、センターデフ装置１９を一体化し
てその差動作用を１＝１ツタする噛合いクラッチ３４が
設けである。The other side gear 1723 of the center differential device 19 is connected to a transfer shaft 29 at a predetermined position via a pair of transfer gears 28 that mesh with each other, and this 1-synthesis shaft 29 is meshed in the same manner as described above. The rear drive shaft 31 is connected to a V drive shaft 31 through a clutch 30, and the rear drive shaft 31 is further configured to transmit power to a rear wheel final reduction gear 33 through a V drive shaft 32': Between the side gear 23 of the differential device 19 and the transmission output shaft 5 on the side of the differential gear union 21, there is provided a dog clutch 34 that integrates the center differential device 19 and provides differential operation thereof by 1=1.
尚、３組の噛合いクラッチ２４．３０．３４にはエンジ
ン側の負圧、油圧等を利用したアクチコ°［−タがスリ
ーブを移動して、係合又は解放動作するまうにイｑ設さ
れている。The three sets of dog clutches 24, 30, and 34 are equipped with actuators that utilize negative pressure, oil pressure, etc. on the engine side to move the sleeves and engage or disengage them. ing.
次いで、このように構成された４輪駆動車の動作につい
て説明する。Ｔ４１両走行時に変速機４において同期機
構１０．１１等を動作りることτ゛、ギ１アロないし９
及び１２． ’１３等により出力軸５に直接前進４段後
進１段の変速動力が出力する。そこで先ず、センターデ
フ【コック用の噛合いクラッチ３４を係合Ｊると、セン
ターデフ装置１ｉ１９が一体化して左右のナイドギＡ７
２２．２３は常に出力軸５と等速回転するように直結し
た状態になる。このため、この状態で更に噛合いクラッ
チ２４のみを係合すると、このクラッチ２４ににり出力
軸５が更に）１コントドライブ軸１４に連結して、変速
動ツノがこのドライブ軸１４から前輪終減速装置１６の
ドライブピニオン１５、クラウンギ１７１７を介しく前
輪にのみ伝達され、前輪のみによるＦ Ｆの２輪駆動と
なる。Next, the operation of the four-wheel drive vehicle configured as described above will be explained. T41 When both cars are running, operate the synchronizing mechanism 10.11 etc. in transmission 4, τ゛, gear 1 alloy to 9.
and 12. '13 etc., power for changing gears of 4 forward speeds and 1 reverse speed is directly output to the output shaft 5. Therefore, first, when the dog clutch 34 for the center differential [cock] is engaged, the center differential device 1i19 is integrated and the left and right night gears A7
22 and 23 are always directly connected to the output shaft 5 so as to rotate at a constant speed. Therefore, when only the dog clutch 24 is further engaged in this state, the output shaft 5 is connected to the clutch 24, and the output shaft 5 is further connected to the control drive shaft 14. It is transmitted only to the front wheels via the drive pinion 15 and crown gear 1717 of the reduction gear 16, resulting in FF two-wheel drive using only the front wheels.
−ｈ、噛合いクラッチ３４係合の状態（・他の噛合いク
ラッチ３０のみを係合すると、出力軸５が更にトランス
フアギ＼７２８．１〜ランスノア軸２９、クラッチ３０
を介してリヤドライブ軸３１に連結して、変速動力がこ
のドライブ軸３１からプロペラ軸３２、後輪終減速装置
３３を介して後輪側に伝達され、後輪のみににる「Ｒの
２輪駆動となる。-h, the dog clutch 34 engagement state (・If only the other dog clutch 30 is engaged, the output shaft 5 will be
is connected to the rear drive shaft 31 via the drive shaft 31, and transmission power is transmitted from this drive shaft 31 to the rear wheels via the propeller shaft 32 and rear wheel final reduction gear 33. It will be wheel drive.
これに対し、」〕記噛合いクラッチ３４を解放するどセ
ンタ−デノ装置１９の各要素がフリーになって差動作用
可能になり、他の２組の噛合いクラッチ２４、３０を両
方とも係合することで左右のサイドギヤ２２．２３は前
輪及び後輪側に連結する。こうして、変速機出力軸５側
のデフピニオン２１が一方のサイドギヤ２２を介して前
輪に、他方のナイドギ鬼ノ２３を介して後輪に連結して
、変速動力を前、後輪に共に伝達することになり、ヒン
ターデフ付の４輪駆動となる。そして、この走行状態で
旋回時に前。On the other hand, when the dog clutch 34 is released, each element of the center denomination device 19 becomes free and can be used for differential operation, and both of the other two dog clutches 24 and 30 are By engaging, the left and right side gears 22 and 23 are connected to the front and rear wheels. In this way, the differential pinion 21 on the side of the transmission output shaft 5 is connected to the front wheels via one side gear 22 and to the rear wheels via the other side gear 23, thereby transmitting shifting power to both the front and rear wheels. It becomes a 4-wheel drive with a hinter differential. And in this driving condition, the front when turning.
後輪に回転差を生じると、ヒンターデフ装置１９の差動
作用によりその回転差が吸収されるのである。When a rotation difference occurs between the rear wheels, the rotation difference is absorbed by the differential operation of the hinter differential device 19.
こうして、３相の噛合いクラッチ２４．３０．３４を選
択的に係合又は解放づることで、（二［と「Ｒの２輪駆
動及びヒンタ−ｊ？）付４輪駆動の駆動形式を得ること
ができ、これをまとめると以下の表のようになる。In this way, by selectively engaging or disengaging the three-phase dog clutches 24, 30, and 34, a four-wheel drive drive system with (2 [and "R's two-wheel drive and hinter-j?") is obtained. This can be summarized as shown in the table below.
「発明の効果コ
以」二の実施例から明らかなように、本発明によれば、
４輪駆動車において２．４輪駆動の切換えが可能なパー
トタイム式であり、２輪駆動ではＥ［とＦＲの２種類の
駆動形式を選択し得るので、各方式の１Ｕｊ性を生かし
た最適な走行が可能になり、特に山間部でのドライバビ
リティが向上する。４輪駆動はヒンターデフ（＝ｊであ
るので、前、後輪直結式の場合のタイトコーナブレーキ
ング現像を回避するこことができる。ぞして３組の噛合
いクラッチ２４・３０・３４を選択的に係合又は解放す
ること ｊにより３種類の駆動方式を任意に得ることが
できるので、切換操作系が簡単である。"Effects of the Invention" As is clear from the second embodiment, according to the present invention,
It is a part-time type that can switch between 2.4-wheel drive in 4-wheel drive vehicles, and 2-wheel drive models can select between two types of drive formats: E and FR, so it is an optimal system that takes advantage of the 1Uj characteristics of each system. This enables smooth driving and improves drivability, especially in mountainous areas. Since the 4-wheel drive is a hinter differential (=j), it is possible to avoid the tight corner braking that occurs when the front and rear wheels are directly connected.Therefore, three sets of dog clutches 24, 30, and 34 are selected. The switching operation system is simple because three types of drive methods can be obtained arbitrarily by engaging or disengaging.
図面は本発明による４輪駆動車の一実施例を示すスケル
トン用である。
４・・・変速機、ｊ）・・・出ツノ軸、１４・・・フ［
１ン［・ドライブ軸、１６・・・前輪終減速Ｐ：置、１
８・・・トランスノア装置、１９・・・センターデフ装
置、２４・・・第１の噛合いクラッチ、３０・・・第２
の噛合いクラッチ、３４・・・第３の噛合いクラッチ、
３１・・・すＸアトライブ軸、３３・・・後輪終減速装
置。
特許出願人 富士重工業株式会社
代理人 弁理士 小 橋 信 沖
同 弁理士 村 井 進The drawing is a skeleton showing one embodiment of a four-wheel drive vehicle according to the present invention. 4...Transmission, j)...Output horn shaft, 14...F[
1in [・Drive shaft, 16...Front wheel final reduction P: Position, 1
8... Transnor device, 19... Center differential device, 24... First dog clutch, 30... Second
dog clutch, 34... third dog clutch,
31... X attribe axis, 33... Rear wheel final reduction gear. Patent applicant: Fuji Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Agent: Patent attorney: Makoto Kobashi Patent attorney: Susumu Murai
Claims (1)
ーデフ装置から第１の噛合いクラッチを介して前輪側に
、第２の噛合いクラッチを／ｉして後輪側に伝動構成し
、更に上記センターデフ装置に１フロツク用の第３の噛
合いクラッチを備え、上記３組の噛合いクラッチを選択
的に係合又は解放して、ｌ”ＦとＦＲの２輪駆動及びセ
ンターデフ付４輪駆動の駆動形式を任意に得るように構
成したことを特徴とする４輪駆動車。A center differential device is installed on the output shaft of the transmission, and power is transmitted from the center differential device to the front wheels through a first dog clutch and to the rear wheels through a second dog clutch. Furthermore, the center differential device is equipped with a third dog clutch for one flock, and the three sets of dog clutches are selectively engaged or released to control the two-wheel drive of l''F and FR and the center differential. A four-wheel drive vehicle characterized by being configured to arbitrarily obtain a four-wheel drive type with a differential.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59120510A JPS60261734A (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1984-06-11 | Four-wheel drive car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59120510A JPS60261734A (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1984-06-11 | Four-wheel drive car |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60261734A true JPS60261734A (en) | 1985-12-25 |
Family
ID=14787994
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59120510A Pending JPS60261734A (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1984-06-11 | Four-wheel drive car |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60261734A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005233330A (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-02 | Mazda Motor Corp | Twin-clutch type geared transmission |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54162334A (en) * | 1978-06-12 | 1979-12-22 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Driving force dividing mechanism for vehicle |
-
1984
- 1984-06-11 JP JP59120510A patent/JPS60261734A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54162334A (en) * | 1978-06-12 | 1979-12-22 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Driving force dividing mechanism for vehicle |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005233330A (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-02 | Mazda Motor Corp | Twin-clutch type geared transmission |
| JP4506195B2 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2010-07-21 | マツダ株式会社 | Twin clutch gear transmission |
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