WO1991012637A1 - Antenne - Google Patents

Antenne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1991012637A1
WO1991012637A1 PCT/GB1991/000185 GB9100185W WO9112637A1 WO 1991012637 A1 WO1991012637 A1 WO 1991012637A1 GB 9100185 W GB9100185 W GB 9100185W WO 9112637 A1 WO9112637 A1 WO 9112637A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
patch
antenna according
fed
patches
parasitic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1991/000185
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Robert Staker
Paul Andrew Miller
John Cameron Mackichan
Original Assignee
British Telecommunications Public Limited Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Telecommunications Public Limited Company filed Critical British Telecommunications Public Limited Company
Publication of WO1991012637A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991012637A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/005—Patch antenna using one or more coplanar parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

Definitions

  • This invention relates to microstrip antennas comprising a plurality of patches on a substrate.
  • Microstrip patch antennas are resonant radiating structures which can be printed on circuit boards. By feeding a number of these elements arranged on a planar surface, in such a way that their excitations are all in phase, a reasonably high gain antenna can be obtained that occupies a very small volume by virtue of being flat. Microstrip antennas do have some limitations however that reduce their practical usefulness; principally, small bandwidths and low gain.
  • an antenna comprising a plurality of substantially rectangular patches energisable at a resonant frequency each having an opposed pair of first edges, and an opposed pair of second edges corresponding in length to the resonant frequency, disposed upon a substrate, characterised in that the patches are so arranged as to form an array of groups, each such group comprising a first patch adapted to be fed from a feed line and a pair of second patches each adjacent to and spaced from one of the second edges of the first patch, the second patches being adapted to be fed only parasitically from the first, the groups being spaced apart on the substrate in an array, such that the spacing between patches of adjacent groups substantially exceeds the spacing between patches within a group.
  • two sheets of substrates are employed, the feed network being printed on one and the patches on the other.
  • Objects of the present invention are to provide an antenna having a bandwidth suitable for microwave or millimetre wave video signal reception, capable of being made at a relatively low cost.
  • an antenna comprising a planar array of aligned groups of rectangular microstrip patches disposed upon a substrate, each group comprising a central, fed, patch connected at a radiative edge thereof to a coplanar feedline, and a pair of patches coupled parasitically one to each of the non-radiative edges of the fed patch.
  • the groups will hereinafter be referred to as ' subarrays' .
  • array is used in this specification to mean an arrangement of NxM elements, or groups or subarrays, as the context requires, where N and M are integers greater than one.
  • the parasitic patches are shorter than the non-radiative edges of the fed patch by an amount sufficient to cause the antenna to exhibit a substantially broadband resonance rather than individual fed patch and parasitic-patch resonances.
  • the subarr y width must be kept high and yet to avoid ' grating lobes' in the radiation pattern, the distance between subarray centres must be kept well below the operating wavelength. Also, the feed lines may need to pass between the radiating elements so that the area available for the patch radiators is further limited. With normal substrates, these constraints are very much in conflict, and it is found that, in this first embodiment, the subarray groups are too wide to fulfil the latter constraints (although this is not vital in all applications).
  • a second embodiment therefore provides a surface-fed parasitic array antenna wherein the parasitic patches are approximately equal in length to th.e fed patch, and are longitudinally displaced so that they are only adjacent the fed patch along a portion of their length, the displacement being sufficient to cause the antenna to exhibit a substantially broadband resonance rather than individual fed-patch and parasitic-patch resonances.
  • a third embodiment there is provided a surface-fed parasitic array antenna in which the width of the parasitic patches is 40-60% of their length and they are spaced from the fed patch by a spacing s between 15-35% of their length, the spacing s being substantially less than the spacing between adjacent groups in a row.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous as a micro or millimetre wave (12-100 GHz) domestic TV reception antenna.
  • each elemental group further comprises a pair of third patches, each disposed between and spaced from the first and each second patch, the width of each third patch being relatively narrow and of a length related to the resonant frequency of the antenna.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a generalised antenna array group according, to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows schematically an antenna array group according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 shows schematically an antenna array group according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 4 shows schematically an antenna array group according to a third embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 5 shows schematically an antenna feed according to a different aspect of the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically an antenna including the embodiments of Figures 4 and 5;
  • Figure 7 shows schematically an antenna array group according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • an array element in an array antenna comprises a first printed patch 1 having a resonant length L,, centrally fed at a radiative edge from a printed feed line 2, both being disposed upon a dielectric substrate. Flanking the non-radiative edges of the first patch 1 and spaced therefrom at a distance S j are a pair of parasitic patches- 3a, 3b, coupled parasitically thereto.
  • the substrate is 1.57mm thick Tachonics TLY-5 with a relative permittivity ⁇ r of 2.2, and the resonant length L j is approximately ⁇ /2_J ⁇ - in this example 20mm for the frequency range 4.4 to 5 GHz (the thickness of substrate will also be varied proportionately to the operating wavelength).
  • the width j of the central patch of the subarrays was maintained at 18.5mm throughout the work, since patches with a lower aspect ratio (W/L) than 0.925 have unac ⁇ eptably high feed impedances, and aspect ratios nearer to 1.0 result in a poor boresight crosspolar radiation level.
  • This patch is fed using a 50 ohm mi ⁇ rostripline 2 with a quarter wavelength transformer 2a to match to the (experimentally determined) impedance for a single patch at the centre of the radiative edge of 225 ohms.
  • Group centre-to-centre distances D in a rectangular array should be limited to about 0.9 wavelengths at mid-band if grating lobes are to be avoided over about 10% bandwidth.
  • the sum of the widths of the fed and parasitic patches, plus the two spacings, plus the intergroup spacing S 2 must be below 0.9 ⁇ ; i. e. W,i + 2W2, + 2S,1 + S2, ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ .
  • a single lumped resonance can be produced by offsetting the parasitic patches 3a, 3b longitudinally from the fed patch by an amount X.
  • S j 0.15L j the lOdB return loss bandwidth is 7.4%, and the return loss is above 12dB across the band.
  • the groups In order to form an array antenna whilst avoiding grating lobes in the radiation pattern, the groups must be sufficiently small to allow the feed network to pass between them.
  • a transformer e. g. a 1/4 wavelength transformer
  • the transformer is coupled at 90" to the cross arm of the T-split.
  • the transformer is formed from a substantially straight section of the feedline. This avoids the excessive radiation which would result from a bend in a high impedance section of feedline.
  • the feedline 2 is retroflexed, or curved back, in a ⁇ -shape, so that the T-split 4 lies nearer the patches than the outer end of the transformer 2a.
  • an array antenna for use at 29GHz comprises a square array of the groups of the embodiment of Figure 4, fed according to the embodiment of Figure 5; it will be seen that there is very little spare space for the feed network.
  • the antenna is fed from the central point, via an aperture in the substrate.
  • Figure 7 in a further embodiment of the invention it is found that in a wide-spaced group of the type shown in Figure 4, it is possible to employ a further pair of parasitic strip patches 5a, 5b located within the gap. It is found that the overall resonant frequency of the group depends upon the length L 3 of the strip patches 5a, 5b, which has the advantage that a single antenna design can be used for different frequencies, merely by redesigning the strip length.
  • Antennas in accordance with the embodiments above can have better gain, better bandwidth and narrower H-plane bea widths than single-patch antennas, and better cross-polarization over much of their angular range. Additionally, the complexity of the feed network and associated splitter losses are reduced compared to a single patch antenna with the same gain.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Une antenne à réseaux de circuits à hyperfréquences de circuits micro-ondes, destinée aux bandes d'ondes décimétriques et millimétriques comprend des sous-réseaux, dont chacun est représenté par un circuit alimenté en surface (1) et par une paire de circuits parasites (3a, 3b) alimentés par les bords non radiatifs du circuit alimenté (1), tous se trouvant sur un seul substrat. Dans l'un des exemples, les circuits parasites (3a, 3b) ont la même longueur que le circuit alimenté (1), mais a seulement environ 50 % de sa largeur, et ils sont très espacés. Ladite antenne est utile comme récepteur à large bande, par exemple pour la diffusion vidéo.
PCT/GB1991/000185 1990-02-06 1991-02-06 Antenne WO1991012637A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909002636A GB9002636D0 (en) 1990-02-06 1990-02-06 Antenna
GB9002636.0 1990-02-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991012637A1 true WO1991012637A1 (fr) 1991-08-22

Family

ID=10670508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1991/000185 WO1991012637A1 (fr) 1990-02-06 1991-02-06 Antenne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0526457A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05504034A (fr)
GB (1) GB9002636D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991012637A1 (fr)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0542447A1 (fr) * 1991-11-15 1993-05-19 Nortel Networks Corporation Antenne à plaque plane
GB2266809A (en) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-10 Aerospatiale Thin broadband microstrip array antenna
EP0655797A1 (fr) * 1993-11-26 1995-05-31 Motorola, Inc. Antenne microbande accordable avec un accouplement à fente quart d'onde
WO1998034295A1 (fr) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-06 Allgon Ab Antenne fonctionnant avec deux canaux isoles
WO1999005754A1 (fr) * 1997-07-23 1999-02-04 Allgon Ab Dispositif antenne a isolation de canal amelioree
US6236367B1 (en) 1998-09-25 2001-05-22 Deltec Telesystems International Limited Dual polarised patch-radiating element
EP1148582A2 (fr) * 2000-04-06 2001-10-24 Lucent Technologies Inc. Procédé permettant de produire des largeurs du faisceau désirées pour antennes et réseaux d'antennes à polarisation unique ou à double polarisation
FR2856846A1 (fr) * 2003-06-27 2004-12-31 Univ Rennes Antenne imprimee agile en frequence a tres large excursion continue ou discrete
EP1912279A1 (fr) 2003-06-12 2008-04-16 Research in Motion Limited Antennes à éléments multiples et antenne flottante parasite
EP2081251A1 (fr) * 2008-01-15 2009-07-22 Nokia Siemens Networks Oy Antenne Patch
EP2178163A1 (fr) * 2007-08-09 2010-04-21 Fujitsu Limited Antenne directionnelle variable
US20140266957A1 (en) * 2012-02-16 2014-09-18 Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Wide-angle antenna and array antenna
CN105514572A (zh) * 2014-10-10 2016-04-20 三星电机株式会社 天线、天线封装件和通信模块
CN107204516A (zh) * 2017-05-23 2017-09-26 西南交通大学 一种基于开路电流环的圆极化wlan天线
CN107508039A (zh) * 2017-08-15 2017-12-22 武汉雷毫科技有限公司 贴片天线单元及阵列
TWI632731B (zh) * 2014-01-30 2018-08-11 日商京瓷股份有限公司 天線基板
CN108574138A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2018-09-25 南京理工大学 结构紧凑型微带馈电的谐波抑制宽带贴片天线
EP3442076A1 (fr) * 2017-08-10 2019-02-13 Microelectronics Technology Inc. Appareil d'antenne et carte de circuit imprimé de celui-ci
CN113725599A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2021-11-30 华中科技大学温州先进制造技术研究院 一种用于毫米波汽车雷达的组合天线

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2806350B2 (ja) * 1996-03-14 1998-09-30 日本電気株式会社 パッチ型アレイアンテナ装置
JP4541595B2 (ja) * 2001-06-18 2010-09-08 マスプロ電工株式会社 マイクロストリップアンテナ
EP1304764B1 (fr) * 2001-10-19 2008-02-27 Bea S.A. Antenne plane
JP2015092658A (ja) * 2013-09-30 2015-05-14 京セラサーキットソリューションズ株式会社 アンテナ基板
JP2015092653A (ja) * 2013-09-30 2015-05-14 京セラサーキットソリューションズ株式会社 アンテナ基板
CN107516763A (zh) * 2017-08-15 2017-12-26 武汉雷毫科技有限公司 贴片天线单元及阵列
WO2019102988A1 (fr) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 日立金属株式会社 Antenne réseau planaire et module de communication sans fil
CN110391496A (zh) * 2019-08-05 2019-10-29 福瑞泰克智能***有限公司 天线部件、车载雷达和汽车
CN117501545A (zh) * 2021-06-18 2024-02-02 株式会社村田制作所 天线模块和搭载该天线模块的通信装置

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0361417A2 (fr) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-04 Hughes Aircraft Company Système d'antenne microbande à éléments multifréquence

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0361417A2 (fr) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-04 Hughes Aircraft Company Système d'antenne microbande à éléments multifréquence

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
1987 International Symposium Digest ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION vol. II, June 1987, Blacksburg/VA pages 794 - 797; Lee et al.: "MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ARRAY WITH PARASITIC ELEMENTS" see the whole document *
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION. vol. 37, no. 4, April 1989, NEW YORK US pages 426 - 434; Levine et al.: "A Study of Microstrip Array Antennas with the Feed Network" see pages 431 - 432; figure 9 *
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION. vol. AP-29, no. 1, January 1981, NEW YORK US pages 2 - 24; CARVER AND MINK: "Microstrip Antenna Technology" see pages 13 - 14; figure 18 see pages 2 - 6 *

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0542447A1 (fr) * 1991-11-15 1993-05-19 Nortel Networks Corporation Antenne à plaque plane
GB2266809A (en) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-10 Aerospatiale Thin broadband microstrip array antenna
FR2691015A1 (fr) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-12 Aerospatiale Antenne-réseau de type micro-ruban à faible épaisseur mais à large bande passante.
GB2266809B (en) * 1992-05-05 1996-03-06 Aerospatiale Thin broadband microstrip array antenna
US5576718A (en) * 1992-05-05 1996-11-19 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Thin broadband microstrip array antenna having active and parasitic patches
EP0655797A1 (fr) * 1993-11-26 1995-05-31 Motorola, Inc. Antenne microbande accordable avec un accouplement à fente quart d'onde
US6069586A (en) * 1997-02-05 2000-05-30 Allgon Ab Antenna operating with two isolated channels
WO1998034295A1 (fr) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-06 Allgon Ab Antenne fonctionnant avec deux canaux isoles
WO1999005754A1 (fr) * 1997-07-23 1999-02-04 Allgon Ab Dispositif antenne a isolation de canal amelioree
US6236367B1 (en) 1998-09-25 2001-05-22 Deltec Telesystems International Limited Dual polarised patch-radiating element
EP1148582A2 (fr) * 2000-04-06 2001-10-24 Lucent Technologies Inc. Procédé permettant de produire des largeurs du faisceau désirées pour antennes et réseaux d'antennes à polarisation unique ou à double polarisation
EP1148582A3 (fr) * 2000-04-06 2003-12-17 Lucent Technologies Inc. Procédé permettant de produire des largeurs du faisceau désirées pour antennes et réseaux d'antennes à polarisation unique ou à double polarisation
EP1912279A1 (fr) 2003-06-12 2008-04-16 Research in Motion Limited Antennes à éléments multiples et antenne flottante parasite
US7400300B2 (en) 2003-06-12 2008-07-15 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-element antenna with floating antenna element
US8018386B2 (en) 2003-06-12 2011-09-13 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-element antenna with floating antenna element
FR2856846A1 (fr) * 2003-06-27 2004-12-31 Univ Rennes Antenne imprimee agile en frequence a tres large excursion continue ou discrete
EP2178163A1 (fr) * 2007-08-09 2010-04-21 Fujitsu Limited Antenne directionnelle variable
EP2178163A4 (fr) * 2007-08-09 2010-11-03 Fujitsu Ltd Antenne directionnelle variable
US8508426B2 (en) 2007-08-09 2013-08-13 Fujitsu Limited Variable directional antenna
EP2081251A1 (fr) * 2008-01-15 2009-07-22 Nokia Siemens Networks Oy Antenne Patch
US8059033B2 (en) 2008-01-15 2011-11-15 Nokia Siemens Networks Gmbh & Co. Kg Patch antenna
US20140266957A1 (en) * 2012-02-16 2014-09-18 Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Wide-angle antenna and array antenna
EP2816666A4 (fr) * 2012-02-16 2015-10-14 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Antenne à grand angle et antenne réseau
TWI632731B (zh) * 2014-01-30 2018-08-11 日商京瓷股份有限公司 天線基板
CN105514572A (zh) * 2014-10-10 2016-04-20 三星电机株式会社 天线、天线封装件和通信模块
CN108574138A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2018-09-25 南京理工大学 结构紧凑型微带馈电的谐波抑制宽带贴片天线
CN107204516A (zh) * 2017-05-23 2017-09-26 西南交通大学 一种基于开路电流环的圆极化wlan天线
CN107204516B (zh) * 2017-05-23 2019-04-26 西南交通大学 一种基于开路电流环的圆极化wlan天线
EP3442076A1 (fr) * 2017-08-10 2019-02-13 Microelectronics Technology Inc. Appareil d'antenne et carte de circuit imprimé de celui-ci
CN107508039A (zh) * 2017-08-15 2017-12-22 武汉雷毫科技有限公司 贴片天线单元及阵列
CN113725599A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2021-11-30 华中科技大学温州先进制造技术研究院 一种用于毫米波汽车雷达的组合天线
CN113725599B (zh) * 2021-09-06 2024-02-02 华中科技大学温州先进制造技术研究院 一种用于毫米波汽车雷达的组合天线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0526457A1 (fr) 1993-02-10
JPH05504034A (ja) 1993-06-24
GB9002636D0 (en) 1990-04-04

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