WO1991009177A1 - Snowplough - Google Patents

Snowplough Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991009177A1
WO1991009177A1 PCT/EP1990/002116 EP9002116W WO9109177A1 WO 1991009177 A1 WO1991009177 A1 WO 1991009177A1 EP 9002116 W EP9002116 W EP 9002116W WO 9109177 A1 WO9109177 A1 WO 9109177A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ploughshare
plow
snow plow
link
ground
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1990/002116
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Johannes Sebulke
Michael Schneider
Original Assignee
Schmidt Winterdienst- Und Kommunaltechnik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schmidt Winterdienst- Und Kommunaltechnik Gmbh filed Critical Schmidt Winterdienst- Und Kommunaltechnik Gmbh
Priority to DE59006240T priority Critical patent/DE59006240D1/en
Priority to EP91900026A priority patent/EP0457870B1/en
Publication of WO1991009177A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991009177A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/06—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades
    • E01H5/063—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades by snow-plough blades tiltable for shock-absorbing purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/06—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades
    • E01H5/061—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades by scraper blades
    • E01H5/062—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades by scraper blades by scraper blades displaceable for shock-absorbing purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/06—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades
    • E01H5/065—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades characterised by the form of the snow-plough blade, e.g. flexible, or by snow-plough blade accessories
    • E01H5/066—Snow-plough blade accessories, e.g. deflector plates, skid shoes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a snow plow with a device for driving over ground obstacles, the plow of which is articulated by means of upper and lower rigid links to a plow frame connected to the front of a carrier vehicle so that it can be raised and lowered.
  • Such a known snow plow has a relatively steep ploughshare in order to limit the impact forces when approaching an obstacle.
  • a so-called shock absorber strip is required which, as an elastic element, establishes the connection between the wear rail and ploughshare and contributes to shock absorption by deforming to the rear when the obstacle is passed over.
  • the lower edge of the wear rail which would cut under the floor surface in accordance with the alternative geometry, is additionally pushed against the floor until the ploughshare lifts up by pivoting the handlebars. Because of the relatively small angle of attack when the ploughshare is steep, the known snow plow is only suitable to a limited extent for use in very hard and stuck snow.
  • the angle of attack of the ploughshare is relatively large (approx. 30 °);
  • the suspension of the ploughshare enables clearing snow to be cleared under ground pressure by means of a pressure device supported on the vehicle.
  • the ploughshare When approaching an obstacle, the ploughshare is pivoted about the plow tube after overcoming a force limiting device and against the pull of a return spring, so that the lower edge of the ploughshare climbs over the obstacle.
  • the pivoted ploughshare is locked under the action of the return spring, aided by a brief reset of the carrier vehicle, in the clearing position with simultaneous engagement in the force limiting device.
  • a pivotable flap is ensured, which can be folded on the lower edge of the ploughshare about a horizontal axis running transversely to the clearing direction in the direction of the rear of the ploughshare.
  • the entire plow has to be raised slightly to ensure that the flap, which is deflected by an obstacle, returns to the clearing position without any problems.
  • the aim of the present invention is to create a snow plow that does not have the disadvantages of known snow plow constructions mentioned, but rather enables a smooth crossing of ground obstacles for any, also large, angle of attack, thereby largely avoiding vertical impacts and after driving over one Obstacle automatically returns to the clearing position.
  • the pretensioning force of the restoring device is expediently overcome in the form of a return spring (feature 1.3 and dependent claim 5).
  • the return spring is expediently dimensioned so that pivoting at normal working pressures, that is to say also in the case of hard frozen snow, is avoided. Only when impact forces are about 30% above normal clearing forces does the flap swing back when driving over the obstacle.
  • the lifting link moves upwards and causes the upper and lower links to pivot accordingly clockwise around their articulation points on the plow frame. As a result, the ploughshare is lifted without delay, whereby the lower edge of the wear rail is never pushed off the ground, but is moved directly upwards from the clearing position.
  • the snow plow according to the invention is universal, i.e. largely independent of the pressure of the plow against the ground. can be used without restriction to the type of carrier vehicle or the suspension of the snow plow or certain vertical contact forces exerted by the carrier vehicle on the snow plow.
  • Stop is expediently realized (according to sub-claim 3) in such a way that it is formed by a stop surface on the lower link and a counter stop surface on the rearward extension of the ploughshare.
  • the clearing position of the ploughshare can be set exactly by adjusting at least one stop surface (according to subclaim 4). This is particularly important in the case of plowshares consisting of a plurality of coulter segments arranged next to one another in the horizontal direction, because this makes it easy to precisely adjust the height of all coulter segments.
  • the lower link is articulated on the plow side on a rear extension of the ploughshare and that the lifting link is connected to an extension of the lower link is articulated, the articulation point being arranged closer to the rear of the ploughshare than its articulation on the lower handlebar.
  • the lower link is expediently designed as a triangular link, the lower articulation point of which is articulated on the rear extension of the ploughshare.
  • the plow frame During the upward deflection movement of the ploughshare, the plow frame essentially maintains its height above the ground, the plow weight being absorbed by a limiting skid attached to the rear of the plow frame, which thus ensures a constant adjustment height of the snow plow above the ground .
  • Limiting skids of this type are generally customary; they have a sliding surface made of abrasion-resistant plastic and are expediently pivoted about a vertical axis.
  • underfloor freedom of the snow plow ie the elimination of vertical impacts when approaching an obstacle and the above-described triggering of the lifting plow of the snow plow by a pure horizontal force are guaranteed by the selected handlebar geometry; it is essential that the trajectory of the lower edge of the wear rail has an approximately horizontal tangent at the beginning of the lifting movement or at the end of the lowering movement. This is best achieved with a simultaneous minimization of the impact forces by means of a parabolic trajectory of the wear rail above the floor, whereby essentially only the horizontal tangent of the trajectory that is important for other trajectories such as the circle or the ellipse.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross section through the ploughshare in the Räu position, Fig. 2, the ploughshare according to Fig. 1 in the by
  • the ploughshare 1 has a relatively large angle of attack o of about 30% in the clearing position. This angle of attack is particularly suitable for clearing hard frozen or stuck snow.
  • the lower edge of the ploughshare 1 is formed by the wear rail 2, which is interchangeably attached to a flap 3 as a wear rail carrier.
  • the flap 3 is articulated about a horizontal axis 4 on the overlying part of the ploughshare 1 and has a further articulation point 5 for a rigid lifting arm 6, the other end of which is articulated on an extension 7 of a lower arm 8.
  • the ploughshare 1 is articulated by means of the lower link 8 and an upper link 9 on a plow frame 10.
  • the plow frame 10 is in turn connected to the front of a carrier vehicle by means of a lifting device (not shown) that can be raised and lowered.
  • a depth-limiting skid 12 is provided on the rear of the plow frame 10, which is suspended so that it can pivot about a vertical axis 13 and preferably has a sliding body 14 made of abrasion-resistant plastic.
  • the position of the ploughshare 1 with respect to the plow frame 10 is defined by a stop 15, which is formed by a stop surface 16 on the lower link 8 and a counter-stop surface 17 (FIG. 2) on a rear extension 18 of the plow share 1. On the extension 18 there is also the plow-side articulation point 19 of the lower link 8.
  • the ploughshare 1 is pretensioned by means of a return spring 20 against the stop 15, the upper end of the return spring 20, which is subjected to tension, on a hook 21 on the rear of the plow share 1, the lower end of the return spring 20 on a hook 22 on the plow frame 10 is mounted.
  • a ground obstacle 23 up to a height of 250 mm can be passed quickly without interrupting the clearing.
  • the ploughshare 1 is raised relative to the plow frame 10, the two links 8, 9 pivoting upward and the return spring 20 being extended accordingly.
  • the stop surfaces 16, 17 forming the stop 15 are separated from one another until the ground obstacle 23 has been completely passed over.
  • the lower edge 24 of the wear rail 2 slides over the top of the ground obstacle 3, the wear rail 2 being deflected rearward and forming a negative angle of attack with the vertical.
  • the flap 3 is correspondingly pivoted rearward about the horizontal pivot axis 4, so that the articulation point 5 of the lifting link 6 is clearly one
  • the ploughshare 1 is raised by pivoting the lower link 8, to which the upper end of the lifting link 6 is articulated.
  • the plow frame 10 While driving over the ground obstacle 23, the plow frame 10, supported by the limiting skid 12, maintains its position above the ground 11. It is not necessary that a ground pressure force possibly exerted on the plow frame 10 by the carrier vehicle is switched off during the drive-over process.
  • the raising and lowering of the ploughshare during the overcoming of an obstacle takes place completely independently of such a vertical pressing force, namely exclusively depending on a horizontal counterforce, the size of which enables the tension in the return spring 20 to be overcome.
  • the lower edge 24 of the wear rail 2 describes an approximately parabolic movement path 25 according to FIG. 3.
  • the height H is plotted against the time t, the height difference Reference h corresponds to the maximum height of the ground obstacle.
  • the ploughshare moves between its clearing position R and its raised position A during the lifting or lowering, the ploughshare tilting forward overall during the lifting, as clearly shown in FIG. 3 when these positions A, R are compared becomes.
  • the horizontal tangent of the movement path 25 in the area of the clearing position R of the ploughshare 1 is essential for the response behavior in the event of a drive-over impact.
  • This horizontal tangent corresponds to the time axis t in FIG. 3. 3 also makes it clear that because of this horizontal tangent to the movement curve 25, the lifting movement of the ploughshare is triggered solely by a horizontal counterforce.

Abstract

A snowplough with a device for travelling over obstacles on the ground has a blade (1) connected to a frame (10) via rigid upper and lower links. The frame (10) is fitted to the front of a vehicle so that it may be raised and lowered. The blade (1) is preloaded towards the ground (11) in relation to the frame (10) by means of an elastic reset device. A lifting link (6) is fitted at one end to a flap (3) carrying the wearing bar (2) and at the other to the lower link (8). The lifting link (6) causes the blade (1) to be lifted when the flap (3) pivotably secured to it is swung downwards on meeting an obstacle. The lowering movement of the blade (1) in its clearing position is prevented by a stop (15).

Description

Schneepflug snow plow
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schneepflug mit einer Einrich¬ tung zum Überfahren von Bodenhindernissen, dessen Pflug¬ schar mittels oberer und unterer starrer Lenker an einem an der Frontseite eines Trägerfahrzeugs heb- und senkbar angeschlossenen Pflugrahmen angelenkt ist.The invention relates to a snow plow with a device for driving over ground obstacles, the plow of which is articulated by means of upper and lower rigid links to a plow frame connected to the front of a carrier vehicle so that it can be raised and lowered.
Ein derartiger bekannter Schneepflug besitzt eine verhält¬ nismäßig steilstehende Pflugschar, um die Stoßkräfte beim Anfahren gegen ein Hindernis zu begrenzen. Zusätzlich ist eine sog. Stoßdämpferleiste erforderlich, welche als elastisches Element die Verbindung zwischen Verschlei߬ schiene und Pflugschar herstellt und zur Stoßdämpfung beiträgt, indem sie sich beim Überfahren des Hindernisses nach hinten verformt. Dabei wird die Unterkante der Verschleißschiene, welche entsprechend der Ausweichgeome¬ trie unter die Bodenoberfl che einschneiden würde, zusätz¬ lich gegen den Boden gestoßen, bis die Pflugschar durch Verschwenken der Lenker abhebt. Wegen des bei steiler Pflugschar verhältnismäßig kleinen Anstellwinkels eignet sich der bekannte Schneepflug nur bedingt für den Einsatz in sehr hartem und festgefahrenem Schnee.Such a known snow plow has a relatively steep ploughshare in order to limit the impact forces when approaching an obstacle. In addition, a so-called shock absorber strip is required which, as an elastic element, establishes the connection between the wear rail and ploughshare and contributes to shock absorption by deforming to the rear when the obstacle is passed over. The lower edge of the wear rail, which would cut under the floor surface in accordance with the alternative geometry, is additionally pushed against the floor until the ploughshare lifts up by pivoting the handlebars. Because of the relatively small angle of attack when the ploughshare is steep, the known snow plow is only suitable to a limited extent for use in very hard and stuck snow.
Eine andere bekannte Pflugkonstruktion, bei welcher die Pflugschar um ein horizontales, quer zur Fahrtrichtung verlaufendes Pflugrohr gegen eine Rückstellkraft verschwenk- Another known plow construction, in which the ploughshare swings against a restoring force about a horizontal plow pipe running transversely to the direction of travel.
bar ist, eignet sich speziell für das Räumen von hartem Schnee. Der Anstellwinkel der Pflugschar ist hier verhält¬ nismäßig groß (ca. 30°); die Aufhängung der Pflugschar ermöglicht zur Beseitigung von festgefahrenem Schnee ein Räumen unter Bodendruck mittels einer fahrzeugseitig abgestützten Druckvorrichtung. Beim Anfahren gegen ein Hindernis wird die Pflugschar um das Pflugrohr nach Überwindung einer KraftbegrenzungsVorrichtung und gegen den Zug einer Rückholfeder nach vorne verschwenkt, so daß die Unterkante der Pflugschar über das Hindernis klettert. Die verschwenkte Pflugschar wird unter der Wirkung der Rückholfeder, unterstützt durch ein kurzes Rücksetzen des Trägerfahrzeugs, wieder in der Räumstellung bei gleichzeitigem Einrasten in die Kraftbegrenzungsvor¬ richtung arretiert. Auch bei diesem bekannten Schneepflug sind zusätzlich zum horizontalen Stoß erhebliche vertikale Stoßkräfte aufzufangen; letztere entstehen durch Abstoßen der Pflugschar vom Boden, da die den geometrischen Verhält¬ nissen entsprechende Bewegungsbahn der Unterkante der Pflugschar um das dahinter angeordnete Pflugrohr die Bodenfläche unterschneidet.bar is particularly suitable for clearing hard snow. The angle of attack of the ploughshare is relatively large (approx. 30 °); The suspension of the ploughshare enables clearing snow to be cleared under ground pressure by means of a pressure device supported on the vehicle. When approaching an obstacle, the ploughshare is pivoted about the plow tube after overcoming a force limiting device and against the pull of a return spring, so that the lower edge of the ploughshare climbs over the obstacle. The pivoted ploughshare is locked under the action of the return spring, aided by a brief reset of the carrier vehicle, in the clearing position with simultaneous engagement in the force limiting device. With this known snow plow, in addition to the horizontal impact, considerable vertical impact forces must be absorbed; the latter arise by pushing the ploughshare off the ground, since the trajectory of the lower edge of the plowshare corresponding to the geometric conditions around the plow tube arranged behind it undercuts the ground surface.
Ferner ist eine Pflugkonstruktion bekannt (EP 115563 Bl), bei welcher die Pflugschar verhältnismäßig steil steht und das Überfahren von Bodenhindernissen durch _Furthermore, a plow construction is known (EP 115563 B1), in which the ploughshare is relatively steep and by driving over ground obstacles _
eine schwenkbare Klappe gewährleistet ist, welche an der Unterkante der Pflugschar um eine horizontale, quer zur Räumrichtung verlaufende Achse in Richtung auf die Rückseite der Pflugschar klappbar ist. Hier muß der gesamte Pflug geringfügig angehoben werden, um eine einwandfreie Rückkehr der durch ein Hindernis umgelenkten Klappe in die Räumstellung zu gewährleisten.a pivotable flap is ensured, which can be folded on the lower edge of the ploughshare about a horizontal axis running transversely to the clearing direction in the direction of the rear of the ploughshare. Here, the entire plow has to be raised slightly to ensure that the flap, which is deflected by an obstacle, returns to the clearing position without any problems.
Demgegenüber besteht das Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, einen Schneepflug zu schaffen, der die genannten Nachteile bekannter Schneepflugkonstruktionen nicht aufweist, sondern ein weicheres Überfahren von Bodenhin¬ dernissen für beliebige, also auch große Anstellwinkel ermöglicht, dabei vertikale Stöße weitgehend vermeidet und nach dem Überfahren eines Hindernisses wieder selbst¬ tätig in die Räumposition zurückkehrt.In contrast, the aim of the present invention is to create a snow plow that does not have the disadvantages of known snow plow constructions mentioned, but rather enables a smooth crossing of ground obstacles for any, also large, angle of attack, thereby largely avoiding vertical impacts and after driving over one Obstacle automatically returns to the clearing position.
Dieser Aufgabe wird ein Schneepflug mit den Merkmalen 1 bis 5 in Patentanspruch 1 gerecht. Obwohl dessen Konstruk¬ tion gänzlich ohne elastische Stoßdämpferelemente auskommt, ermöglicht die erfindungsgemäße Lenkeranordnung ein Überfahren von Hindernissen bei geringen Stoßkräften. Bevor es zu einem Rückwärtsschwenken der über den Hublenker abgestützten Klappe (Merkmal 4) kommt, muß zunächst This task is fulfilled by a snow plow with the features 1 to 5 in claim 1. Although its construction works entirely without elastic shock absorber elements, the handlebar arrangement according to the invention enables obstacles to be passed over with low impact forces. Before the flap supported by the lifting link (feature 4) swings backwards, it must first
beim Anfahren gegen ein Hindernis die Vorspannkraft der Rückstelleinrichtung, zweckmäßig in Form einer Rückhol¬ feder (Merkmal 1,3 und Unteranspruch 5) überwunden werden. Die Rückholfeder ist dabei zweckmäßig so dimensioniert, daß ein Verschwenken bei normalen Arbeitsdrücken, also auch bei hartgefrorenem Schnee, unterbleibt. Erst bei Stoßkräften, die etwa 30% über den normalen Räumkräften liegen, kommt es zu einem Rückschwenken der Klappe beim Überfahren des Hindernisses. Dabei bewegt sich der Hub¬ lenker nach oben und bewirkt ein entsprechendes Schwenken des oberen und des unteren Lenkers im Uhrzeigersinn um deren Anlenkpunkte am Pflugrahmen. Im Ergebnis wird die Pflugschar verzögerungsfrei angehoben, wobei die Unterkante der Verschleißschiene zu keinem Zeitpunkt vom Boden abgestoßen wird, sondern aus der Räumposition direkt nach oben bewegt wird. Infolge der gewählten Lenkergeometrie erfolgt die Auslösung der Schwenkbewegung der Verschleißschiene bei deren Anfahren gegen ein Hinder¬ nis allein durch eine horizontale Kraftkomponente auf die Verschleißschiene. Für das Auslösen der Lenkerbewegung spielen also vertikale Kräfte überhaupt keine Rolle, d.h. das Auslösen erfolgt stets leichtgängig unabhängig vom Pfluggewicht oder von vertikalen Kräften, welche auf den Pflug ausgeübt werden, um diesen bei hartem when approaching an obstacle, the pretensioning force of the restoring device is expediently overcome in the form of a return spring (feature 1.3 and dependent claim 5). The return spring is expediently dimensioned so that pivoting at normal working pressures, that is to say also in the case of hard frozen snow, is avoided. Only when impact forces are about 30% above normal clearing forces does the flap swing back when driving over the obstacle. The lifting link moves upwards and causes the upper and lower links to pivot accordingly clockwise around their articulation points on the plow frame. As a result, the ploughshare is lifted without delay, whereby the lower edge of the wear rail is never pushed off the ground, but is moved directly upwards from the clearing position. As a result of the selected handlebar geometry, the pivoting movement of the wear rail when triggered against an obstacle is triggered solely by a horizontal force component on the wear rail. Vertical forces play no role whatsoever in the triggering of the handlebar movement, ie the triggering always takes place smoothly regardless of the weight of the plow or of the vertical forces which are exerted on the plow, so when the plow is hard
Schnee gegen den Boden zu pressen. Abgesehen von Reibungs¬ kräften, die jedoch eine geringere Rolle spielen, erfolgt das Auslösen der Ausweichbewegung des erfindungsgemäßen Schneepflugs somit stets mit im wesentlichen konstanter, horizontaler Auslösekraft. Wegen deren weitgehender Unabhängigkeit von der Andrückkraft des Pfluges gegen den Boden ist der erfindungsgemäße Schneepflug universell, d.h. ohne Einschränkung auf die Art des Trägerfahrzeugs oder die Aufhängung des Schneepflugs oder bestimmte vertikale Anpreßkräfte, welche vom Trägerfahrzeug auf den Schneepflug ausgeübt werden, einsetzbar.To press snow against the ground. Apart from frictional forces, which, however, play a minor role, the evasive movement of the snow plow according to the invention is always triggered with an essentially constant, horizontal triggering force. The snow plow according to the invention is universal, i.e. largely independent of the pressure of the plow against the ground. can be used without restriction to the type of carrier vehicle or the suspension of the snow plow or certain vertical contact forces exerted by the carrier vehicle on the snow plow.
Gleichermaßen ist für die Rückkehr des Schneepflugs aus der angehobenen Position in die Räumposition allein die zwangsgeführte Verstellbewegung der Lenker und mit diesen der Klappe entscheidend. Durch deren Bewegungsgeo¬ metrie ist sichergestellt, daß die Verschleißschiene am Ende der Rückstellbewegung hindernisfrei von oben kommend wieder auf den Boden aufgesetzt wird, ohne daß vorher bemerkenswerte Schläge oder Reibungskräfte als Reaktion auf ein zu frühes Aufsetzen der Verschleißschiene auf den Boden auftreten. Das Ende der Rückstellbewegung ist dann erreicht, wenn (gemäß Merkmal 1,5) die Lenkerkine¬ matik durch einen Anschlag gesperrt wird. Ein solcher Likewise, the forced movement of the handlebars and with them the flap is decisive for the return of the snow plow from the raised position to the clearing position. Their movement geometry ensures that, at the end of the return movement, the wear rail is put back on the floor without hindrance, without any noticeable blows or frictional forces occurring in response to the wear rail being placed on the floor too early. The end of the resetting movement is reached when (according to feature 1.5) the handlebar kinematics are blocked by a stop. Such a
Anschlag ist (gemäß Unteranspruch 3) zweckmäßig in der Weise verwirklicht, daß er durch eine Anschlagfläche am unteren Lenker und eine Gegenanschlagfl che am rück¬ wärtigen Fortsatz der Pflugschar gebildet ist. Durch Verstellen wenigstens einer Anschlagfläche (gemäß Unter¬ anspruch 4) läßt sich die Räumposition der Pflugschar exakt einstellen. Dies ist besonders bei in horizontaler Richtung aus mehreren nebeneinander angeordneten Schar¬ segmenten bestehenden Pflugscharen von Bedeutung, weil hierdurch eine genaue Höhenabstimmung aller Scharsegmente leicht möglich ist.Stop is expediently realized (according to sub-claim 3) in such a way that it is formed by a stop surface on the lower link and a counter stop surface on the rearward extension of the ploughshare. The clearing position of the ploughshare can be set exactly by adjusting at least one stop surface (according to subclaim 4). This is particularly important in the case of plowshares consisting of a plurality of coulter segments arranged next to one another in the horizontal direction, because this makes it easy to precisely adjust the height of all coulter segments.
Zur Minimierung der Lenkerkräfte und um ein verzögerungs¬ freies Ansprechen der Lenkerbewegung beim Überfahren eines Hindernisses zu gewährleisten, ist nach einem erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag vorgesehen, daß der untere Lenker pflugseitig an einem rückwärtigen Fortsatz der Pflugschar angelenkt ist und daß der Hublenker an einer Verlängerung des unteren Lenkers angelenkt ist, wobei der Anlenkpunkt näher an der Rückseite der Pflugschar als deren Anlenkung am unteren Lenker angeordnet ist. Der untere Lenker ist dabei zweckmäßig als Dreieckslenker ausgebildet, dessen unterer Anlenkpunkt am rückwärtigen Fortsatz der Pflugschar angelenkt ist. To minimize the handlebar forces and to ensure a delay-free response of the handlebar movement when driving over an obstacle, it is provided according to a proposal according to the invention that the lower link is articulated on the plow side on a rear extension of the ploughshare and that the lifting link is connected to an extension of the lower link is articulated, the articulation point being arranged closer to the rear of the ploughshare than its articulation on the lower handlebar. The lower link is expediently designed as a triangular link, the lower articulation point of which is articulated on the rear extension of the ploughshare.
Während der nach oben gerichteten Ausweichbewegung der Pflugschar behält der Pflugrahmen im wesentlichen seine Höhe über den Boden bei, wobei das Pfluggewicht aufgefangen wird durch eine an der Rückseite des Pflugrahmens befes¬ tigte Begrenzungskufe, welche somit eine konstante Einstell- höhe des Schneepflugs über dem Boden sicherstellt. Derar¬ tige Begrenzungskufen sind allgemein üblich; sie besitzen eine Gleitfläche aus abriebfestem Kunststoff und sind zweckmäßig um eine vertikale Achse verschwenkbar gelagert.During the upward deflection movement of the ploughshare, the plow frame essentially maintains its height above the ground, the plow weight being absorbed by a limiting skid attached to the rear of the plow frame, which thus ensures a constant adjustment height of the snow plow above the ground . Limiting skids of this type are generally customary; they have a sliding surface made of abrasion-resistant plastic and are expediently pivoted about a vertical axis.
Die sog. Unterflurfreiheit des erfindungsgemäßen Schnee¬ pflugs, also die Ausschaltung vertikaler Stöße beim Anfahren gegen ein Hindernis und das vorstehend erläuterte Auslösen der Hubbewegung des Schneepflugs durch eine reine Horizontalkraft sind durch die gewählte Lenkergeo¬ metrie gewährleistet; hierbei ist wesentlich, daß die Bewegungsbahn der Unterkante der Verschleißschiene am Anfang der Hubbewegung bzw. am Ende der Senkbewegung eine etwa horizontale Tangente besitzt. Dies ist bei gleichzeitiger Minimierung der Stoßkräfte am besten verwirklicht durch eine parabelförmige Bewegungsbahn der Verschleißschiene über dem Boden, wobei es in Bodennähe im wesentlichen nur auf die horizontale Tangente der Bewegungsbahn ankommt, die auch bei anderen Bewegungsbahnen wie beispielsweise dem Kreis oder der Ellipse verwirklicht ist.The so-called underfloor freedom of the snow plow according to the invention, ie the elimination of vertical impacts when approaching an obstacle and the above-described triggering of the lifting plow of the snow plow by a pure horizontal force are guaranteed by the selected handlebar geometry; it is essential that the trajectory of the lower edge of the wear rail has an approximately horizontal tangent at the beginning of the lifting movement or at the end of the lowering movement. This is best achieved with a simultaneous minimization of the impact forces by means of a parabolic trajectory of the wear rail above the floor, whereby essentially only the horizontal tangent of the trajectory that is important for other trajectories such as the circle or the ellipse.
Für den Fachmann versteht sich von selbst, daß die be¬ anspruchten und erläuterten Erfindungsmerkmale jeweils mehrfach pro Schar bzw. Scharsegment bei daraus zusammen¬ gesetzten Scharen vorhanden sein können, wobei die Lenker zweckmäßig jeweils aus Doppellenker ausgebildet sind.It goes without saying for the person skilled in the art that the claimed and explained features of the invention can be present several times per share or share segment with shares composed thereof, the links being expediently each formed from double links.
Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigtAn exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch die Pflugschar in der Räu stellung, Fig. 2 die Pflugschar gemäß Fig. 1 in der durch einFig. 1 shows a schematic cross section through the ploughshare in the Räu position, Fig. 2, the ploughshare according to Fig. 1 in the by
Hindernis angehobenen Stellung und Fig. 3 die Geometrie der Ausweichbewegung.Obstacle raised position and Fig. 3 the geometry of the evasive movement.
Gemäß Fig. 1 besitzt die Pflugschar 1 in der Räumstellung einen verhältnismäßig großen Anstellwinkel o von etwa 30%. Dieser Anstellwinkel ist besonders für das Räumen von hartgefrorenem oder festgefahrenem Schnee geeignet. Die Unterkante der Pflugschar 1 ist gebildet durch die Verschleißschiene 2, welche auswechselbar an einer Klappe 3 als Verschleißschienenträger befestigt ist. Die Klappe 3 ist um eine horizontale Achse 4 an dem darüberllegenden Teil der Pflugschar 1 angelenkt und besitzt einen weiteren Anlenkpunkt 5 für einen starren Hublenker 6, dessen anderes Ende an einer Verlängerung 7 eines unteren Lenkers 8 angelenkt ist. Die Pflugschar 1 ist mittels des unteren Lenkers 8 und eines oberen Lenkers 9 an einem Pflugrahmen 10 beweglich angelenkt. Der Pflugrahmen 10 wiederum ist heb- und senkbar über eine (nicht dargestellte) Aufnahmevorrichtung mit der Frontseite eines Trägerfahr¬ zeugs verbunden. Zur Gewährleistung eines Mindestabstands des Schneepflugs vom Boden 11 ist an der Rückseite des Pflugrahmens 10 eine Tiefenbegrenzungskufe 12 vorgesehen, welche um eine vertikale Achse 13 verschwenkbar aufgehängt ist und einen Gleitkörper 14 bevorzugt aus abriebfestem Kunststoff aufweist.1, the ploughshare 1 has a relatively large angle of attack o of about 30% in the clearing position. This angle of attack is particularly suitable for clearing hard frozen or stuck snow. The lower edge of the ploughshare 1 is formed by the wear rail 2, which is interchangeably attached to a flap 3 as a wear rail carrier. The flap 3 is articulated about a horizontal axis 4 on the overlying part of the ploughshare 1 and has a further articulation point 5 for a rigid lifting arm 6, the other end of which is articulated on an extension 7 of a lower arm 8. The ploughshare 1 is articulated by means of the lower link 8 and an upper link 9 on a plow frame 10. The plow frame 10 is in turn connected to the front of a carrier vehicle by means of a lifting device (not shown) that can be raised and lowered. To ensure a minimum distance of the snow plow from the ground 11, a depth-limiting skid 12 is provided on the rear of the plow frame 10, which is suspended so that it can pivot about a vertical axis 13 and preferably has a sliding body 14 made of abrasion-resistant plastic.
In der Räumstellung des Schneepflugs ist die Lage der Pflugschar 1 bezüglich des Pflugrahmens 10 durch einen Anschlag 15 festgelegt, welcher gebildet ist durch eine Anschlagfläche 16 am unteren Lenker 8 und eine Gegen- anschlagflache 17 (Fig. 2) an einem rückwärtigen Fortsatz 18 der Pflugschar 1. Am Fortsatz 18 befindet sich auch der pflugseitige Anlenkpunkt 19 des unteren Lenkers 8. In the clearing position of the snow plow, the position of the ploughshare 1 with respect to the plow frame 10 is defined by a stop 15, which is formed by a stop surface 16 on the lower link 8 and a counter-stop surface 17 (FIG. 2) on a rear extension 18 of the plow share 1. On the extension 18 there is also the plow-side articulation point 19 of the lower link 8.
In der Räumposition wird die Pflugschar 1 mittels einer Rückholfeder 20 gegen den Anschlag 15 vorgespannt, wobei das obere Ende der auf Zug belasteten Rückholfeder 20 an einem Haken 21 an der Rückseite der Pflugschar 1, das untere Ende der Rückholfeder 20 an einem Haken 22 am Pflugrahmen 10 eingehängt ist.In the clearing position, the ploughshare 1 is pretensioned by means of a return spring 20 against the stop 15, the upper end of the return spring 20, which is subjected to tension, on a hook 21 on the rear of the plow share 1, the lower end of the return spring 20 on a hook 22 on the plow frame 10 is mounted.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schneepflug kann, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, ein Bodenhindernis 23 bis zu einer Höhe von 250 mm ohne Unterbrechung des Räumens zügig überfahren werden. Dabei wird die Pflugschar 1 gegenüber dem Pflug¬ rahmen 10 angehoben, wobei die beiden Lenker 8, 9 nach oben schwenken und die Rückholfeder 20 entsprechend gestreckt wird. Bis zum vollständigen Überfahren des Bodenhindernisses 23 sind die den Anschlag 15 bildenden Anschlagflächen 16, 17 voneinander entfernt. In der angehobenen Position der Pflugschar 1 gleitet die Unter¬ kante 24 der Verschleißschiene 2 über die Oberseite des Bodenhindernisses 3 hinweg, wobei die Verschlei߬ schiene 2 nach hinten umgelenkt ist und einen negativen Anstellwinkel mit der Vertikalen bildet. In dieser Stellung der Verschleißschiene 2 ist die Klappe 3 entsprechend um die horizontale Schwenkachse 4 nach hinten verschwenkt, so daß der Anlenkpunkt 5 des Hublenkers 6 eine deutlich With the snow plow according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a ground obstacle 23 up to a height of 250 mm can be passed quickly without interrupting the clearing. The ploughshare 1 is raised relative to the plow frame 10, the two links 8, 9 pivoting upward and the return spring 20 being extended accordingly. The stop surfaces 16, 17 forming the stop 15 are separated from one another until the ground obstacle 23 has been completely passed over. In the raised position of the ploughshare 1, the lower edge 24 of the wear rail 2 slides over the top of the ground obstacle 3, the wear rail 2 being deflected rearward and forming a negative angle of attack with the vertical. In this position of the wear rail 2, the flap 3 is correspondingly pivoted rearward about the horizontal pivot axis 4, so that the articulation point 5 of the lifting link 6 is clearly one
höhere Position einnimmt als in der Räumstellung gemäß Fig. 1. Dementsprechend kommt es zu einem Anheben der Pflugschar 1 durch Verschwenken des unteren Lenkers 8, an welchem das obere Ende des Hublenkers 6 angelenkt ist.assumes a higher position than in the clearing position according to FIG. 1. Accordingly, the ploughshare 1 is raised by pivoting the lower link 8, to which the upper end of the lifting link 6 is articulated.
Während des Uberfahrens des Bodenhindernisses 23 behält der Pflugrahmen 10, unterstützt durch die Begrenzuπgs- kufe 12 seine Position über dem Boden 11 bei. Es ist nicht notwendig, daß während des Überfahrvorgangs eine eventuell auf den Pflugrahmen 10 vom Trägerfahrzeug aus ausgeübte Bodenandruckkraft ausgeschaltet wird. Das Anheben und Absenken der Pflugschar während der Überwindung eines Hindernisses erfolgt völlig unabhängig von einer solchen vertikalen Andruckkraft, nämlich aus¬ schl eßlich abhängig von einer horizontalen Gegenkraft, deren Größe eine Überwindung der Zugvorspannung in der Rückholfeder 20 ermöglicht.While driving over the ground obstacle 23, the plow frame 10, supported by the limiting skid 12, maintains its position above the ground 11. It is not necessary that a ground pressure force possibly exerted on the plow frame 10 by the carrier vehicle is switched off during the drive-over process. The raising and lowering of the ploughshare during the overcoming of an obstacle takes place completely independently of such a vertical pressing force, namely exclusively depending on a horizontal counterforce, the size of which enables the tension in the return spring 20 to be overcome.
Während des Ansteigens bzw. Absenkens beschreibt die Unterkante 24 der Verschleißschiene 2 eine etwa parabel- för ige Bewegungsbahn 25 gemäß Fig. 3. Dort ist die Höhe H über der Zeit t aufgetragen, wobei die Höhendif- ferenz h der maximalen Höhe des Bodenhindernisses ent¬ spricht. Bezogen auf das Trägerfahrzeug bewegt sich die Pflugschar während des Anhebens bzw. Absenkens zwischen deren Räumposition R und deren angehobenen Position A, wobei sich die Pflugschar während des Anhebens insgesamt nach vorne neigt, wie aus der Fig. 3 beim Vergleich dieser Positionen A, R deutlich wird.During the ascent or descent, the lower edge 24 of the wear rail 2 describes an approximately parabolic movement path 25 according to FIG. 3. There, the height H is plotted against the time t, the height difference Reference h corresponds to the maximum height of the ground obstacle. Relative to the carrier vehicle, the ploughshare moves between its clearing position R and its raised position A during the lifting or lowering, the ploughshare tilting forward overall during the lifting, as clearly shown in FIG. 3 when these positions A, R are compared becomes.
Wesentlich für das Ansprechverhalten beim Überfahrstoß ist dabei die horizontale Tangente der Bewegungsbahn 25 im Bereich der Räumstellung R der Pflugschar 1. Diese horizontale Tangente entspricht in der Fig. 3 die Zeitachse t. Die Darstellung gemäß Fig. 3 macht ferner deutlich, daß wegen dieser horizontalen Tangente der Bewegungskurve 25 die Hubbewegung der Pflugschar allein durch eine horizontale Gegenkraft ausgelöst wird. The horizontal tangent of the movement path 25 in the area of the clearing position R of the ploughshare 1 is essential for the response behavior in the event of a drive-over impact. This horizontal tangent corresponds to the time axis t in FIG. 3. 3 also makes it clear that because of this horizontal tangent to the movement curve 25, the lifting movement of the ploughshare is triggered solely by a horizontal counterforce.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Schneepflug mit einer Einrichtung zum Überfahren von Bodenhindernissen, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Merkmale:1. Snow plow with a device for driving over ground obstacles, characterized by the following features:
1.1 Die Pflugschar (1) ist mittels oberer und unterer starrer Lenker an einem an der Frontseite eines Trägerfahrzeugs heb- und senkbar angeschlossenen Pflugrahmen (10) angelenkt;1.1 The ploughshare (1) is articulated by means of upper and lower rigid links to a plow frame (10) connected to the front of a carrier vehicle so that it can be raised and lowered;
1.2 an der Unterkante der Pflugschar (1) ist eine die Verschleißschiene (2) tragende Klappe (3) um eine horizontale, quer zur Räumrichtung verlaufende Achse (4) verschwenkbar befestigt;1.2 on the lower edge of the ploughshare (1) a flap (3) carrying the wear rail (2) is fastened pivotably about a horizontal axis (4) running transversely to the clearing direction;
1.3 die Pflugschar (1) ist mittels einer elastischen Rückstelleinrichtung gegenüber dem Pflugrahmen (10) in Richtung auf den Boden (11) vorgespannt;1.3 the ploughshare (1) is biased towards the ground (11) by means of an elastic return device in relation to the plow frame (10);
1.4 der untere Lenker (8) ist über einen starren Hublenker (6) zusätzlich an der Rückseite der Klappe (3) ange¬ lenkt.1.4 the lower link (8) is additionally articulated on the rear of the flap (3) via a rigid lifting link (6).
1.5 die Senkbewegung der Pflugschar (1) ist in deren tiefsten Position, welche der Räumstellung entspricht, durch einen Anschlag (15) gesperrt. 1.5 the lowering movement of the ploughshare (1) is locked in its lowest position, which corresponds to the clearing position, by a stop (15).
2. Schneepflug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der untere Lenker (8) pflugseitig an einem rückwär¬ tigen Fortsatz (18) der Pflugschar (1) angelenkt ist und daß der Hublenker (6) an einer Verlängerung (7) des unteren Lenkers (8) näher an der Rückseite der Pflugschar (1) als deren Anlenkung am unteren Lenker (8) angelenkt ist.2. Snow plow according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower link (8) on the plow side is articulated to a rearward extension (18) of the ploughshare (1) and that the lifting link (6) is connected to an extension (7) of the lower link (8) closer to the rear of the ploughshare (1) than the articulation of the lower handlebar (8).
3. Schneepflug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anschlag (15) durch eine Anschlagfläche (16) am unteren Lenker (8) und eine Gegenanschlagflache (17) am rückwärtigen Fortsatz (18) der Pflugschar (1) gebildet ist.3. Snow plow according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop (15) is formed by a stop surface (16) on the lower link (8) and a counter-stop surface (17) on the rear extension (18) of the ploughshare (1).
4. Schneepflug nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine Anschlagfläche senkrecht zu ihr selbst verstellbar ist. 4. Snow plow according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one stop surface is adjustable perpendicular to it itself.
5. Schneepflug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückstelleinrichtung durch eine auf Zug belastete Rückholfeder (20) in Form einer Schraubenfeder gebildet ist.5. Snow plow according to claim 1, characterized in that the return device is formed by a return spring loaded in tension (20) in the form of a helical spring.
6. Schneepflug nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine Lenkergeometrie, wonach die Bewegungsbahn der Unterkante (24) der Verschlei߬ schiene (2) am Anfang der Hubbewegung bzw. am Ende der Senkbewegung eine etwa horizontale Tangente besitzt. 6. Snow plow according to claim 1, characterized by a handlebar geometry, according to which the path of movement of the lower edge (24) of the wearing rail (2) at the start of the lifting movement or at the end of the lowering movement has an approximately horizontal tangent.
PCT/EP1990/002116 1989-12-11 1990-12-07 Snowplough WO1991009177A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59006240T DE59006240D1 (en) 1989-12-11 1990-12-07 SNOW PLOW.
EP91900026A EP0457870B1 (en) 1989-12-11 1990-12-07 Snowplough

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3940887.6 1989-12-11
DE3940887A DE3940887A1 (en) 1989-12-11 1989-12-11 SNOW PLOW

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DE4441654A1 (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-22 Theo Haering Snowplough with leaf springs
US8046939B2 (en) 2005-12-01 2011-11-01 Grant Hanson Apparatus protecting vehicle with accessory when scraping edge of accessory strikes fixed object
US8732988B2 (en) 2006-11-30 2014-05-27 Glenridge, Inc. Implement with linkage assembly and work assembly wherein work assembly has dynamic skid shoe and a scraping edge
US8881433B2 (en) 2006-11-30 2014-11-11 Glenridge, Inc. Implement attaching to a forward motion-producing machine for elevating an edge encountering an immovable object
US20220010512A1 (en) * 2018-10-31 2022-01-13 Paul Duchesneau Snowplow with positive rake angle cutting blade and ice scraper

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DE29500723U1 (en) * 1995-01-18 1995-03-09 Giesler Matthias Snow plow with swivel flap scraper
DE10039256C2 (en) 2000-08-11 2002-06-06 Schmidt Holding Gmbh snow plow
DE20013841U1 (en) 2000-08-11 2000-11-16 Schmidt Holding Gmbh snow plow
DE10256541A1 (en) * 2002-12-04 2004-07-15 Fritz Sperber Gmbh & Co. Scraper blade, for fitting to a tractor to clear snow and the like, has one or more scraper bars on swing mechanisms for retraction on striking an obstacle, with a return spring to restore the original position
DE202010001687U1 (en) 2009-03-31 2010-08-12 Wiedenmann Gmbh Räumpflug especially with multipart ploughshare
RU2602516C1 (en) * 2015-07-02 2016-11-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Иркутский государственный университет путей сообщения" (ФГБОУ ВО ИрГУПС) Snowplow working elements automatic control system

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EP0115563A2 (en) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-15 Ing. Alfred Schmidt Gmbh Snow plough blade with spring-loaded flaps

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4441654A1 (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-22 Theo Haering Snowplough with leaf springs
US8046939B2 (en) 2005-12-01 2011-11-01 Grant Hanson Apparatus protecting vehicle with accessory when scraping edge of accessory strikes fixed object
US8732988B2 (en) 2006-11-30 2014-05-27 Glenridge, Inc. Implement with linkage assembly and work assembly wherein work assembly has dynamic skid shoe and a scraping edge
US8881433B2 (en) 2006-11-30 2014-11-11 Glenridge, Inc. Implement attaching to a forward motion-producing machine for elevating an edge encountering an immovable object
US9080297B2 (en) 2006-11-30 2015-07-14 Glenridge, Inc. Implement with linkage assembly and work assembly wherein work assembly has dynamic skid shoe and a scraping edge
US20220010512A1 (en) * 2018-10-31 2022-01-13 Paul Duchesneau Snowplow with positive rake angle cutting blade and ice scraper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0457870A1 (en) 1991-11-27
EP0457870B1 (en) 1994-06-22
DE3940887C2 (en) 1991-10-31
ATE107723T1 (en) 1994-07-15
DE3940887A1 (en) 1991-07-04
DE59006240D1 (en) 1994-07-28

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