WO1991004476A1 - Method of diagnosing tire and wheel problems - Google Patents

Method of diagnosing tire and wheel problems Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1991004476A1
WO1991004476A1 PCT/US1990/004815 US9004815W WO9104476A1 WO 1991004476 A1 WO1991004476 A1 WO 1991004476A1 US 9004815 W US9004815 W US 9004815W WO 9104476 A1 WO9104476 A1 WO 9104476A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tire
rim
vector
imbalance
wheel assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1990/004815
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
James L. Dale, Jr.
Original Assignee
Fmc Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fmc Corporation filed Critical Fmc Corporation
Publication of WO1991004476A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991004476A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
    • G01M1/16—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods of diagnosing tire and rim problems generally, and more particularly, to such methods which employ a wheel balancer apparatus.
  • the present invention provides a method of diagnosing a wheel assembly which is precise and does not employ trial and error procedures, which identifies the relative contribution to the problem by each component, which indicates, when appropriate, the desirability of replacing one of the wheel assembly components, and which is reliable and relatively easy to perform.
  • Figures 1A, IB and 1C are a flow chart of a match-mount procedure incorporating the method of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of exemplary force vectors as produced during, and determined by, the method incorporated in the Figure 1 method.
  • the method step indicated by box 10 requires that the operator mount a wheel assembly on a balancer machine, such as one sold by FMC Corporation as Model 5800, for example, and enter to the balancer's memory, through the keyboard normally associated with the balancer, information regarding physical dimensions of the rim, such as the diameter, the width and the dimension from the balancer to the inner edge, of the rim, which are necessary to determine the effects of weights added at the edges of the rim. If the operator decides to perform a match-mount test 12, any existing balance weights must be removed and the wheel assembly cleared of rocks, mud and other debris .14 that would affect the test.
  • a balancer machine such as one sold by FMC Corporation as Model 5800
  • the microprocessor in the balancer must then be informed that the match-mount test is to be performed by proper function selection, i.e., pressing appropriate keys, such as "F90" as indicated at 16.
  • An output display associated with the balancer will immediately print "VA F", as indicated at 18, reminding the operator that input data of the rim position on the balance is required which are obtained y placing the valve stem up and pressing the F key.
  • the operator rotates the wheel assembly so that the valve stem on the rim is at the top and, 22, presses the F key so that the balancer will store in memory data indicative of the rim's position.
  • the operator is then advised that the wheel assembly must be spun by the balancer by displaying "SPIN", as indicated at 24.
  • the balancer When the operator presses the "SPIN" function key, 26, the balancer will measure the imbalance of the wheel assembly and will store in memory the static imbalance vector A. A comparison test is then made by the balancer's microprocessor. If the scalar magnitude of static vector is less than 1.0 ounce, the output display will print the 2-plane imbalance data, 28, so that appropriate weights can be added at the proper locations on the inside and outside edges of the rim, 30. This terminates the match procedure. If the scalar magnitude of the static vector A is greater than 6.0 ounces, the imbalance is too great for acceptable balancing by weights and the display will print the imbalance amount, as indicated at 32.
  • the display By pressing the function key "STATIC-2-PLANE", 34, the display will print the 2-plane imbalance data, 36. Pressing the function key "STATIC-2-PLANE” while the 2-plane data is displayed will toggle the display back to the total imbalance amount, 32. If the scalar value of the static vector A is between 1.0 and 6.0, the display will first print "180” and then scroll "180 VAL F", 38, indicating to the operator that the tire is to be repositioned on the rim at 180° from its present position.
  • the operator removes the wheel assembly from the balancer, breaks the bead, i.e., loosens the tire from the rim, moves the tire 180° on the rim, reinflates the tire and remounts the wheel assembly on the balancer.
  • the display will stop scrolling "180 VAL F” and display only "VAL F” reminding the operator to provide information regarding rim position, 42.
  • the operator positions the valve stem at the top, 44, and presses the "F" function key so that the balancer will record in memory data indicative of the rim position, 46.
  • the output display will print "SPIN", 48, reminding the operator to activate the balancer drive to spin the wheel assembly.
  • the operator presses the "SPIN" key to cause the balancer to measure the imbalance and record in memory the static imbalance vector B.
  • the balancer's microprocessor calculates the rim vector, the tire vector, the angle to move the tire on the rim and the point on the tire to place at the valve stem, a solution vector as explained hereinafter, and improvement ratio which is equal to the scalar magnitude of the solution vector divided by the scalar magnitude of the vector B.
  • the balancer microprocessor then performs a comparison test.
  • the wheel assembly is then spun, 62, and the imbalance C measured and stored, 64. If the imbalance C minus the scalar value of the solution vector is less than or equal to 1.5 ounces, the display prints the 2-plane imbalance data, 66, to permit balance weights to be added to the wheel assembly.
  • the function key "F” may be pressed to toggle between display of the rim and tire percent of the problem and the 2-plane imbalance data.
  • the display will print "ER", 68, indicating that an error was made in repositioning the tire on the rim or the wheel assembly not mounted properly on the balancer. The operator must then stop and restart the procedure at the beginning. If the scalar value of static vector B is greater than 6.0 ounces, the balancer will display the amount of the static imbalance. The function key "F" can be pressed twice to display the percent of the problem attributed to each of the rim and the tire. A judgment can then be made whether one of the two components should be replaced.
  • the vectors referred to previously are shown in polar coordinates with the center thereof P representing the rotational axis of the wheel assembly.
  • the imbalance vectors A and B are represented, as examples, of the vectors produced by the first and second spins respectively. Since the rim position relative to the balancer remains the same in both spins, the rim imbalance vector will be the same for both spins.
  • the tire vectors for both spins are equal and opposite since the tire has been remounted at 180° between these spins.
  • the tire vector will be the vector PM where M is the midpoint of the line DE connecting the ends of the vectors A and B.
  • the line MD represents the tire vector resulting from the first spin and the line ME represents the tire vector resulting from the second spin.
  • rim vector PM and the tire vector MD result in vector A
  • rim vector PM and tire vector ME result in vector B.
  • the circle S having its center at M represents all possible solution vectors, i.e., the solution vector calculated in the step represented by 52.
  • the proper one of these solution vectors is that vector directed from the center M of circle S in the direction opposite the rim vector.
  • the magnitude of the solution vector is represented by the distance from P to the point V on the circle S.
  • the imbalance vector C produced by the check spin in step 62 is an actual imbalance vector to compare with the calculated solution vector PV as a check against operator error.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Balance (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Abstract

A method of diagnosing a wheel assembly which is precise and does not employ trial and error procedures, which identifies the relative contribution to the problem by each component, which indicates, when appropriate, the desirability of replacing one of the wheel assembly components, and which is reliable and relatively easy to perform. The method consists in spinning the wheel assembly to determine a first static imbalance vector (A). The tire is then repositioned 180° on the rim, and a second static imbalance vector (B) is determined. From these vectors the rim imbalance vector (PM) and tire imbalance vectors (MD, ME) are determined. From these vectors the relative contribution of each component to the imbalance is determined.

Description

METHOD OF DIAGNOSING TIRE AND WHEEL PROBLEMS
This invention relates to methods of diagnosing tire and rim problems generally, and more particularly, to such methods which employ a wheel balancer apparatus.
Variations occur in the manufacture of both automotive tires and rims or wheels. While diagnostic equipment is employed in the manufacture of such components to assure the dimensional variations thereof fall within acceptable limits, this equipment deals only with the individual component and not with the final assembly of the tire on a rim to form a wheel assembly. Wheel assemblies can, therefore, create vibration problems in an automotive vehicle on which they are mounted even though each of the individual components has been manufactured within specified and acceptable tolerances. Several methods of improving the performance of wheel assemblies, i.e., reducing the tendency of a given wheel assembly from inducing vibration in a vehicle on which the assembly is mounted, either by match-mounting the tire to the rim so that the deviation or error in one offsets or compensates for the deviation or error in the other or by grinding the tire to remove high spots. Such methods make no attempt to identify or diagnose the fault, but merely offset one fault against another or attempt to correct the fault without identifying which component contributes more of the problem. in the after market, one of the major problems is identifying the actual cause of the vibration which prompted the customer's complaint. Trial and error analysis is frequently employed by the service facility to solve the vibration complaint. which may include rebalancing the wheel assembly, repositioning the tire on the rim, or relocating the suspected wheel assembly to another axle position on the vehicle. This approach is not only time-consuming and costly to the service facility, but also is an irritant to the customer, who must endure repeated trips to th.e service facility, resulting in erosion of confidence in the veracity and competence of the service facility. The present invention provides a method of diagnosing a wheel assembly which is precise and does not employ trial and error procedures, which identifies the relative contribution to the problem by each component, which indicates, when appropriate, the desirability of replacing one of the wheel assembly components, and which is reliable and relatively easy to perform. These and other attributes of the present invention, and many of the attendant advantages thereof, will become more readily apparent from a perusal of the following description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figures 1A, IB and 1C are a flow chart of a match-mount procedure incorporating the method of the present invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of exemplary force vectors as produced during, and determined by, the method incorporated in the Figure 1 method.
Referring to Figures 1A, IB and 1C, the method step indicated by box 10 requires that the operator mount a wheel assembly on a balancer machine, such as one sold by FMC Corporation as Model 5800, for example, and enter to the balancer's memory, through the keyboard normally associated with the balancer, information regarding physical dimensions of the rim, such as the diameter, the width and the dimension from the balancer to the inner edge, of the rim, which are necessary to determine the effects of weights added at the edges of the rim. If the operator decides to perform a match-mount test 12, any existing balance weights must be removed and the wheel assembly cleared of rocks, mud and other debris .14 that would affect the test. The microprocessor in the balancer must then be informed that the match-mount test is to be performed by proper function selection, i.e., pressing appropriate keys, such as "F90" as indicated at 16. An output display associated with the balancer will immediately print "VA F", as indicated at 18, reminding the operator that input data of the rim position on the balance is required which are obtained y placing the valve stem up and pressing the F key. As shown at 20, the operator rotates the wheel assembly so that the valve stem on the rim is at the top and, 22, presses the F key so that the balancer will store in memory data indicative of the rim's position. The operator is then advised that the wheel assembly must be spun by the balancer by displaying "SPIN", as indicated at 24. When the operator presses the "SPIN" function key, 26, the balancer will measure the imbalance of the wheel assembly and will store in memory the static imbalance vector A. A comparison test is then made by the balancer's microprocessor. If the scalar magnitude of static vector is less than 1.0 ounce, the output display will print the 2-plane imbalance data, 28, so that appropriate weights can be added at the proper locations on the inside and outside edges of the rim, 30. This terminates the match procedure. If the scalar magnitude of the static vector A is greater than 6.0 ounces, the imbalance is too great for acceptable balancing by weights and the display will print the imbalance amount, as indicated at 32. By pressing the function key "STATIC-2-PLANE", 34, the display will print the 2-plane imbalance data, 36. Pressing the function key "STATIC-2-PLANE" while the 2-plane data is displayed will toggle the display back to the total imbalance amount, 32. If the scalar value of the static vector A is between 1.0 and 6.0, the display will first print "180" and then scroll "180 VAL F", 38, indicating to the operator that the tire is to be repositioned on the rim at 180° from its present position. As indicated at 40, the operator removes the wheel assembly from the balancer, breaks the bead, i.e., loosens the tire from the rim, moves the tire 180° on the rim, reinflates the tire and remounts the wheel assembly on the balancer. After two scrolls, the display will stop scrolling "180 VAL F" and display only "VAL F" reminding the operator to provide information regarding rim position, 42. The operator then positions the valve stem at the top, 44, and presses the "F" function key so that the balancer will record in memory data indicative of the rim position, 46. The output display will print "SPIN", 48, reminding the operator to activate the balancer drive to spin the wheel assembly. As indicated at 50, the operator presses the "SPIN" key to cause the balancer to measure the imbalance and record in memory the static imbalance vector B. From the recorded data regarding vectors A and B, the balancer's microprocessor calculates the rim vector, the tire vector, the angle to move the tire on the rim and the point on the tire to place at the valve stem, a solution vector as explained hereinafter, and improvement ratio which is equal to the scalar magnitude of the solution vector divided by the scalar magnitude of the vector B. The percent of the problem attributed to the rim which is the scalar magnitude of the rim vector divided by the sum of the magnitude of the rim vector and the tire vector, and the percent of the problem attributed to the tire which is the scalar magnitude of the tire vector divided by the sum of the rim and tire vector scalar magnitudes, as indicated at 52. The balancer microprocessor then performs a comparison test. If the static vector B is less than 1.0 ounce, or if the improvement ratio is greater than or equal to 0.75 and the scalar magnitude of each of the static vectors A and B is less than 6.0 ounces, the mount-matching is complete and the display will print the 2-plane imbalance data, 54, which will allow weights to be added to the rim edges to achieve a balanced wheel assembly, 56. If the improvement ratio is less than 0.75 and the scalar value of the static vector B is less than 6.0 ounces, the display will print "SPOT X" where X = 0 when that point on the tire to be moved to the valve stem is at the top, 58. The operator then marks the top of the tire when the display reads "0", removes the wheel assembly from the balancer, breaks the beads, moves the tire so the mark on the tire is aligned with the valve stem on the rim, reinflates the tire and remounts the wheel assembly on the balancer, as indicated at 60. The wheel assembly is then spun, 62, and the imbalance C measured and stored, 64. If the imbalance C minus the scalar value of the solution vector is less than or equal to 1.5 ounces, the display prints the 2-plane imbalance data, 66, to permit balance weights to be added to the wheel assembly. The function key "F" may be pressed to toggle between display of the rim and tire percent of the problem and the 2-plane imbalance data. If the scalar difference between the imbalance C and the solution vector is greater than 1.5 ounces, the display will print "ER", 68, indicating that an error was made in repositioning the tire on the rim or the wheel assembly not mounted properly on the balancer. The operator must then stop and restart the procedure at the beginning. If the scalar value of static vector B is greater than 6.0 ounces, the balancer will display the amount of the static imbalance. The function key "F" can be pressed twice to display the percent of the problem attributed to each of the rim and the tire. A judgment can then be made whether one of the two components should be replaced.
Referring to Figure 2, the vectors referred to previously are shown in polar coordinates with the center thereof P representing the rotational axis of the wheel assembly. The imbalance vectors A and B are represented, as examples, of the vectors produced by the first and second spins respectively. Since the rim position relative to the balancer remains the same in both spins, the rim imbalance vector will be the same for both spins. The tire vectors for both spins are equal and opposite since the tire has been remounted at 180° between these spins. The tire vector will be the vector PM where M is the midpoint of the line DE connecting the ends of the vectors A and B. The line MD represents the tire vector resulting from the first spin and the line ME represents the tire vector resulting from the second spin. Of course, the rim vector PM and the tire vector MD result in vector A and rim vector PM and tire vector ME result in vector B. The circle S having its center at M represents all possible solution vectors, i.e., the solution vector calculated in the step represented by 52. The proper one of these solution vectors is that vector directed from the center M of circle S in the direction opposite the rim vector. The magnitude of the solution vector is represented by the distance from P to the point V on the circle S. The imbalance vector C produced by the check spin in step 62 is an actual imbalance vector to compare with the calculated solution vector PV as a check against operator error.
Whi,le one embodiment of the present invention has been illustrated and described herein, various changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the scope of the appended claims. RCK:smb

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A method of determining whether a tire in a wheel assembly contributes a disproportionate amount to an imbalance condition in said assembly comprising the steps of: spinning the wheel assembly to determine a first static imbalance vector; repositioning the tire 180° on the rim; spinning the wheel assembly to determine a second static imbalance vector; determining the scalar magnitude of the rim and tire components of said vectors; and determining the percent of the imbalance contributed by the tire by dividing the said tire component by the sum of the tire and rim components.
2. A method of determining whether a rim in a wheel assembly contributes a disproportionate amount to an imbalance condition in said assembly comprising the steps of: spinning the wheel assembly to determine a first static imbalance vector; repositioning the tire 180° on the rim; spinning the wheel assembly to determine a second static imbalance vector; determining the scalar magnitude of the rim and tire components of said vectors; and determining the percent of the imbalance contributed by the rim. RCK:smb
PCT/US1990/004815 1989-09-14 1990-08-27 Method of diagnosing tire and wheel problems WO1991004476A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40748389A 1989-09-14 1989-09-14
US407,483 1989-09-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991004476A1 true WO1991004476A1 (en) 1991-04-04

Family

ID=23612286

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1990/004815 WO1991004476A1 (en) 1989-09-14 1990-08-27 Method of diagnosing tire and wheel problems

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6177290A (en)
GR (1) GR900100677A (en)
WO (1) WO1991004476A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005022107A1 (en) * 2003-08-28 2005-03-10 Dana Corporation Method for balancing an article for rotation

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854616A (en) * 1972-09-20 1974-12-17 W Willis Side-loading attachment for forklift trucks
US4331419A (en) * 1980-04-21 1982-05-25 Scott S. Corbett, Jr. Storage system for cargo container trailers
DE3017147C2 (en) * 1980-05-05 1986-02-20 Jungheinrich Unternehmensverwaltung Kg, 2000 Hamburg Load handling device for stacker and stacker vehicles, for two- and three-sided forklifts and for storage and retrieval vehicles or storage and retrieval units with a lifting device
GB2186460A (en) * 1986-02-05 1987-08-12 Bridge & Plate Const Pty Ltd Remotely controlled warehouse apparatus
DE3735607C1 (en) * 1987-10-21 1989-05-18 Psb Foerderanlagen Storage and retrieval device for feeding clothes storage installations
EP0361179A2 (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-04 Digitron AG Positioning device for accurately transferring work pieces between a transport vehicle and a stationary installation

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2614852B2 (en) * 1976-04-06 1978-04-13 Gebr. Hofmann Gmbh & Co Kg, Maschinenfabrik, 6100 Darmstadt Method and device for improving the running behavior of motor vehicle wheels
JPS55102709A (en) * 1979-01-30 1980-08-06 Bridgestone Corp Assembly method of tire to rim
JPS623633A (en) * 1985-06-29 1987-01-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd Detection of unbalance of wheel of automobile or the like
DE3614379A1 (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-11-05 Hofmann Gmbh & Co Kg Maschinen METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE RESTFULNESS OF A MOTOR VEHICLE WHEEL
DE3617625C1 (en) * 1986-05-26 1987-10-08 Hofmann Werkstatt Technik Method and device for optimizing the smooth running of a motor vehicle wheel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854616A (en) * 1972-09-20 1974-12-17 W Willis Side-loading attachment for forklift trucks
US4331419A (en) * 1980-04-21 1982-05-25 Scott S. Corbett, Jr. Storage system for cargo container trailers
DE3017147C2 (en) * 1980-05-05 1986-02-20 Jungheinrich Unternehmensverwaltung Kg, 2000 Hamburg Load handling device for stacker and stacker vehicles, for two- and three-sided forklifts and for storage and retrieval vehicles or storage and retrieval units with a lifting device
GB2186460A (en) * 1986-02-05 1987-08-12 Bridge & Plate Const Pty Ltd Remotely controlled warehouse apparatus
DE3735607C1 (en) * 1987-10-21 1989-05-18 Psb Foerderanlagen Storage and retrieval device for feeding clothes storage installations
EP0361179A2 (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-04 Digitron AG Positioning device for accurately transferring work pieces between a transport vehicle and a stationary installation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005022107A1 (en) * 2003-08-28 2005-03-10 Dana Corporation Method for balancing an article for rotation
US7219036B2 (en) 2003-08-28 2007-05-15 Torque-Traction Technologies Llc Method for balancing an article for rotation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR900100677A (en) 1992-01-20
AU6177290A (en) 1991-04-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6609074B2 (en) Tire uniformity prediction using balance and low speed uniformity data
US6481282B2 (en) Wheel balancer system with centering check
US7877223B2 (en) Method and apparatus for geometric rotor stacking and balancing
US6982653B2 (en) Radio frequency identification automotive service systems
US8770022B2 (en) Method and system for determining non-uniformity characteristics of a vehicle tire and rim
US5396438A (en) Tire manufacturing method
US4817429A (en) Method and apparatus for optimization of running conditions of an automobile wheel
CN110579312B (en) Dynamic balance fault detection method for multi-wheel-disc shafting of non-trial-weight rotating machinery
US5361493A (en) Method of manufacturing wheels for motor vehicles
CN101014470A (en) Device and method for assembling tire with wheel
US5845232A (en) Apparatus and method for detecting splice overlaps or splice gaps in a tire
US10794789B2 (en) Method and machine for balancing a vehicle wheel
US6714858B2 (en) On road corner dynamic balancing for vehicle wheels
US20080244919A1 (en) Method and Apparatus Determination of Wheel Assembly Configuration
WO1991004476A1 (en) Method of diagnosing tire and wheel problems
US6584836B1 (en) Bias method for identifying and removing machine contribution to test data
JP4005262B2 (en) Method and apparatus for assembling tire and wheel
CN113758720B (en) Truck driving jitter detection method
WO1988008593A1 (en) Device for monitoring vibrations in motor vehicles during operation
JP3052655B2 (en) Vehicle vibration measurement method
CN114813116B (en) Dynamic balance sensitivity test analysis method for passenger car transmission system
US20080060435A1 (en) Method for balancing motor vehicle wheels
US5239867A (en) Method and apparatus for improving the fit of a pneumatic tire on a motor vehicle wheel
JP2006242581A (en) Tire uniformity correction method
EP1505713B1 (en) A method of balancing a rotor and a balancing machine

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT AU CH DE DK ES GB JP NL SE

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642