WO1991002211A1 - Improvements in munitions intended to be fired from a smooth-bored weapon - Google Patents

Improvements in munitions intended to be fired from a smooth-bored weapon Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991002211A1
WO1991002211A1 PCT/FR1990/000552 FR9000552W WO9102211A1 WO 1991002211 A1 WO1991002211 A1 WO 1991002211A1 FR 9000552 W FR9000552 W FR 9000552W WO 9102211 A1 WO9102211 A1 WO 9102211A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
projectile
rear shoe
case
weapon
shoe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1990/000552
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Serge Ladriere
Original Assignee
Serge Ladriere
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Serge Ladriere filed Critical Serge Ladriere
Publication of WO1991002211A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991002211A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/064—Sabots enclosing the rear end of a kinetic energy projectile, i.e. having a closed disk shaped obturator base and petals extending forward from said base

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ammunition intended to be fired by a smooth-barreled weapon, such, for example, as a hunting weapon.
  • Ammunition of this type comprises, in a manner known per se,
  • a priming device arranged to ignite this propellant charge under the action of control means belonging to the weapon, - and a projectile housed in the front part of this tubular case.
  • This muni ⁇ tion was then made to include a detachable rear shoe with the caliber of the weapon and an externally cylindrical surface, this detachable rear shoe being interposed between the projectile and the case and being made up of at least two separable parts along an axial plane.
  • a fin projectile has many drawbacks essentially due to its very rapid braking in the air, which affects its accuracy from a relatively short distance.
  • the object of the present invention is a munition which makes it possible, from a smooth-barreled weapon, to fire an under-calibrated projectile of any constitution, namely hard (treated steel), semi-hard ( ordinary steel), demouldable (lead, "lead alloy).
  • Another object of the present invention is a munition which makes it possible, from a smooth-barreled weapon, to fire an under-calibrated projectile with a precision comparable to that which would be obtained by firing of this same projectile with a caliber weapon. and rifled barrel.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a munition which allows - a significant rotation and a constant and stable value, which on the one hand greatly improves the performance of the shot, and on the other hand makes it reliable in the sense that all the munitions fired in accordance with the invention are repetitive,
  • the shape of the projectile being able to be determined solely according to the laws of aerodynamics, in particular as regards its external surface which can be perfectly smooth,
  • the ammunition intended to be fired by a smooth-barreled weapon comprises: a tubular case; a propellant charge sheltered in the rear part of this tubular case; a priming device arranged to ignite this propellant charge under the action of control means belonging to the weapon; an under-calibrated projectile housed in the front part of this tubular case; a detachable rear shoe at the free end of the weapon and with a cylindrical external surface, this detachable rear shoe being interposed between the sub-calibrated projectile and the case, this rear shoe being made up of at least two separable parts according to a axial plane, characterized in that the external surface of this detachable rear shoe has helical stripes engaged in complementary helical stripes formed in the wall of the front part of the case, and by the fact that this detachable rear shoe surrounds at least the rear part of the projectile by a female frustoconical surface open towards the front, said
  • the rear shoe-projectile assembly When firing the propellant charge, the rear shoe-projectile assembly is propelled forward and the cooperation of the helical stripes of the rear shoe and the helical stripes of the case causes there, rotation of the rear shoe which is fully transmitted to the projectile by the frustoconical surfaces in contact respectively of the rear shoe and the projectile.
  • the rear shoe-projectile assembly leaves the case with a rotational speed determined by the axial speed of this assembly and by the steps of the above-mentioned helical stripes.
  • the rear shoe detaches and the single projectile animated by the speed of rotation acquired at the exit of the case, begins its trajectory of external ballistics with practically all the characteristics of a projectile fired by a rifle with a rifled barrel (precision, range, power of penetration).
  • the projectile can be of a ca ⁇ free significantly lower than that of the weapon, which, in the case of a hunting weapon of a caliber 12, makes it possible to fire sub-calibrated projectiles 7 mm, 8 mm or 9 JIUTI caliber for example.
  • the ammunition according to the invention can be manufactured with a very competitive cost price because of the choice of materials that it is possible to make.
  • These temporary retention means can be constituted by a female frustoconical surface open towards the front formed in the wall of the case, between its front part and its rear part, and by a male frustoconical rear part closed towards the rear, provided on the rear shoe and having a conicity corresponding to the conicity of said female frustoconical surface, the conical fitting thus obtained between the rear shoe and the case being force-fitted with a force corresponding to the predetermined value of the pressure in front cause the rear shoe - projectile assembly to start.
  • These temporary retaining means can also be constituted by a bead formed inwards on the interior surface of the case, and coming to engage in a groove formed in the rear wall of the rear shoe, this bead can be produced by deformation. ⁇ tion of the wall of the case at the level of said groove, once the rear shoe - projectile assembly is put in place in the case.
  • opening means are provided to facilitate the opening and detachment of the two parts of the rear shoe, as soon as the rear shoe - pro ⁇ jectile assembly is out of the muzzle of the barrel.
  • These opening means may consist of a conical chamfer, open towards the front, formed at the front end of the walls of the rear shoe 6.
  • the invention consists, apart from the arrangements which have just been discussed below, in certain other arrangements which are preferably used at the same time and which will be explained more explicitly below. .
  • Figure 2 shows, in section, a munition con ⁇ form to another embodiment of the invention.
  • -> - Figure 3 shows, in section, the ammunition of Figure 1 placed in the barrel of a weapon, this ammunition being shown not yet fired.
  • Figure 4 shows, under the same conditions as in Figure 3, the relative position of the components of this munition just after firing.
  • FIG. 5 shows, under the same conditions as in FIG. 3, the munition in its internal ballistic phase.
  • Figure 6 shows, under the same conditions as in Figure 3, the ammunition in its balis ⁇ tick phase ext hie.
  • the muni ⁇ tion comprises a tubular case 1, a propellant charge 2 housed in the rear part of this tubular case, a priming device 3 arranged to ignite this propellant charge 2 under the action of control means 4 (striker) belonging to the weapon and a sub-calibrated projectile 5 housed in the front part of this tubular case 1.
  • the munition additionally comprises a detachable rear shoe designated by 'generally by the reference numeral 6, this rear shoe being of caliber C of the weapon ( Figures 3 and 5) and having a cylindrical outer surface.
  • This rear shoe 6 is made up of at least two parts 6a and 6b separable along an axial plane P.
  • This rear shoe 6 surrounds at least the rear part of the projectile 5 by a tapered female surface 7 open towards the front, the projectile 5 comprising, in a complementary manner, a male conical tron ⁇ rear part 8 closed towards the rear and taper corresponding to the taper of the female frustoconical surface 7.
  • the outer surface of this rear shoe 6 has helical stripes 9 engaged in complementary helical stripes 10 formed in the wall of the front part of the case 1.
  • the rear shoe 6 detaches along its two constituent parts 6a and 6b and the projectile 5, alone and driven by the speed of rotation acquired at the exit of the holster 1 and symbolized by the arrow F p , begins its ballistic trajectory with practically all the characteristics of a projectile fired by a rifle with a rifled barrel (precision, range, penetrating power).
  • tublaire case 1 can be made of plastic and has thin walls.
  • the rear shoe 6 can be made of plastic capable of cooperating effectively with the plastic of the case 1 at the level of the respective helical stripes 9 and 10 of these two parts.
  • the projectile can be made of any material
  • temporary retention means are provided between the rear shoe 6 and the case 1, these means of temporary retainer 12 yielding (that is to say releasing the rear shoe assembly 6 - projectile 5) when the pressure generated by the firing of the propellant charge 2 reaches a predefined value allowing abrupt departure of said together and providing the latter with satisfactory internal ballistic conditions.
  • the presence of temporary retaining means is advantageous insofar as it makes it possible to improve the conditions of departure of the rear shoe-projectile assembly by allowing, when the propellant charge is ignited, obtaining '' a high pressure whose value depends only on the calibration of the temporary restraint means, that is to say the force which allows them to yield.
  • these temporary retaining means 12 can be constituted
  • a tapered female surface 13 open towards the front and formed in the wall of the case 1, between its front part and its rear part,
  • these temporary retaining means 12 can consist of a bead 15 arranged inward on the interior surface of the case and engaging in a groove 16 formed in the rear wall of the rear shoe.
  • this bead 15 can be produced by deformation of the wall of the case 1 at the level of said groove 16, once the rear shoe assembly 6 - projectile 5 is put in place in the case.
  • opening means 17 are provided for facilitate the opening and detachment of the two parts 6a and 6b of the rear shoe 6 as soon as the rear shoe 6 - projectile 5 assembly is out of the mouth 11a of the barrel 11.
  • These opening means 17 can be consti ⁇ a conical chamfer 18 open towards the front and formed at the front end of the walls of the rear shoe 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The munition intended to be fired from a smooth-bored weapon comprises a tubular cartridge (1), a propellant charge (2) held in the rear of the tubular cartridge (1), a detonating device (3) arranged to fire the propellant charge (2) on the actuation of the control devices (4) of the weapon, an undersized projectile (5) housed in the front of the tubular cartridge (1) and a detachable rear end-piece (6) fitting the bore of the weapon and with a cylindrical outer surface, in which the detachable end-piece is fitted between the undersized projectile (5) and the cartridge (1) and consists of at least two parts (6a, 6b) separable along an axial plane (P). The outer surface of this detachable rear end-piece (6) comprises helical belts (9) engaging in matching helical grooves (10) in the wall of the front part of the cartridge (1). The detachable rear end-piece (6) surrounds at least the rear part of the projectile via a truncated conical female surface (7) open at the front and the undersized projectile (5) has a truncated conical male rear portion (8) closed at the rear and with a cone corresponding to that of said truncated conical female surface (7).

Description

Perfectionnements apportés aux munitions destinées à être tirées par une arme à canon lisse Improvements in ammunition intended to be fired by a smooth-barreled weapon
L'invention est relative aux munitions destinées à être tirées par une arme à canon lisse, telle, par exemple, qu'une arme de chasse.The invention relates to ammunition intended to be fired by a smooth-barreled weapon, such, for example, as a hunting weapon.
Une munition de ce type comporte, de façon en soi connue,Ammunition of this type comprises, in a manner known per se,
- un étui tubulaire, - une charge propulsive abritée dans la paroi arrière de cet étui tubulaire,- a tubular case, - a propellant charge sheltered in the rear wall of this tubular case,
- un dispositif d'amorçage agencé pour mettre à feu cette charge propulsive sous 1'action de moyens de commande appartenant à l'arme, - et un projectile abrité dans la partie avant de cet étui tubulaire.- a priming device arranged to ignite this propellant charge under the action of control means belonging to the weapon, - and a projectile housed in the front part of this tubular case.
Pour améliorer les performances de tir d'une telle arme à canon lisse (précision, portée, puissance de pénétration du projectile), on a recherché des moyens pour mettre en rotation le projectile durant sa phase de balistique interne (trajet du projectile jusqu'à la bouche du canon), à la manière d'un projectile tiré dans une arme à canon rayé.To improve the shooting performance of such a smooth-barreled weapon (precision, range, penetrating power of the projectile), means have been sought to set the projectile in rotation during its internal ballistic phase (path of the projectile up to muzzle), like a projectile fired into a rifle.
On a alors proposé de faire comporter au projec- tile une ou plusieurs saillies s'enroulant de façon hélicoïdale sur sa surface extérieure, ces saillies, en contact avec la paroi intérieure du canon, provoquant une certaine mise en rotation du projectile pendant sa phase de balistique interne. Cependant, cette solution s'est avérée présenter deux inconvénients principaux, à savoirIt has then been proposed to make the projectile comprise one or more protrusions winding helically on its outer surface, these protrusions, in contact with the inner wall of the barrel, causing a certain rotation of the projectile during its phase of internal ballistics. However, this solution has been shown to have two main drawbacks, namely
- la mise en rotation est faible et aléatoire, ce qui d'une part n'améliore pratiquement pas la performance du tir et d'autre part rend celui-ci peu fiable, - la présence des saillies sur la surface extérieure du projectile engendre une traînée supplémentaire qui provoque un ralentissement rapide du projectile dans sa phase de balistique externe (trajet du projectile depuis la fonction jonction du canon jusqu'à la cible). . On a également cherché à agencer une telle muni¬ tion pour qu'elle puisse tirer des projectiles sous- if calibrés munis d'ailettes assurant leur rotation et/ou leur stabilisation dans la phase de balistique externe (trajet du projectile dans l'air depuis la bouche du canon jusqu'à la cible).- the rotation is low and random, which on the one hand practically does not improve the performance of the shot and on the other hand makes it unreliable, - the presence of the projections on the outer surface of the projectile generates a extra drag which causes a rapid slowdown of the projectile in its external ballistic phase (path of the projectile from the junction of the cannon to the target). . We have also sought to arrange such a muni¬ tion so that it can fire calibrated sub-if projectiles provided with fins ensuring their rotation and / or stabilization in the external ballistic phase (path of the projectile in the air from the muzzle of the cannon to the target).
On a alors fait en outre comporter à cette muni¬ tion un satiot arrière détachable au calibre de l'arme et à surface extérieurement cylindrique, ce sabot arrière détachable étant interposé entre le projectile et l'étui et étant constitué en au moins deux parties séparables suivant un plan axial.This muni¬ tion was then made to include a detachable rear shoe with the caliber of the weapon and an externally cylindrical surface, this detachable rear shoe being interposed between the projectile and the case and being made up of at least two separable parts along an axial plane.
Cependant, un projectile à ailettes présente de nombreux inconvénients dus essentiellement à son frei¬ nage très rapide dans 1'air qui nuit à sa précision à partir d'une distance relativement faible.However, a fin projectile has many drawbacks essentially due to its very rapid braking in the air, which affects its accuracy from a relatively short distance.
La présente invention a pour but une munition qui permet,, à partir d'une arme à canon lisse, de tirer un projectile sous-calibré de n'importe quelle constitu¬ tion, à savoir dure (acier traité), mi-dure (acier ordi- naire), dé^prmable (plomb, «alliage de plomb).The object of the present invention is a munition which makes it possible, from a smooth-barreled weapon, to fire an under-calibrated projectile of any constitution, namely hard (treated steel), semi-hard ( ordinary steel), demouldable (lead, "lead alloy).
La présente invention a également pour but une munition qui permet, à partir d'une arme à canon lisse, de tirer un projectile sous-calibré avec une précision comparable à celle qui serait obtenue par le tir de ce même projectile avec une arme au calibre et à canon rayé.Another object of the present invention is a munition which makes it possible, from a smooth-barreled weapon, to fire an under-calibrated projectile with a precision comparable to that which would be obtained by firing of this same projectile with a caliber weapon. and rifled barrel.
La présente invention a donc pour objet une munition qui permet - une mise en rotation importante et d'une valeur cons- tante et stable, ce qui d'une part améliore beaucoup la performance du tir, et d'autre part rend celui-ci fiable en ce sens que tous les tirs de munition con¬ forme à l'invention sont répétitifs,The present invention therefore relates to a munition which allows - a significant rotation and a constant and stable value, which on the one hand greatly improves the performance of the shot, and on the other hand makes it reliable in the sense that all the munitions fired in accordance with the invention are repetitive,
- une balistique externe exempte de toute traînée sup¬ plémentaire, la forme du projectile pouvant être déterminée uniquement en fonction des lois de 1'aéro¬ dynamique, en particulier en ce qui concerne sa sur¬ face extérieure qui peut être parfaitement lisse,- external ballistics free of any additional drag, the shape of the projectile being able to be determined solely according to the laws of aerodynamics, in particular as regards its external surface which can be perfectly smooth,
- un choix absolument libre dans le matériau constitutif du projectile sous-calibré. Selon l'invention, la munition destinée à être tirée par une arme à canon lisse comporte : un étui tubulaire ; une charge propulsive abritée dans la partie arrière de cet étui tubulaire ; un dispositif d'amorçage agencé pour mettre à feu cette charge propulsive sous l'action de moyens de commande appartenant à l'arme ; un projectile sous-calibré abrité dans la partie avant de cet étui tubulaire ; un sabot arrière détachable au ca¬ libre de l'arme et à surface extérieure cylindrique, ce sabot arrière détachable étant interposé entre le pro- jectile sous-calibré et l'étui, ce sabot arrière étant constitué en au moins deux parties séparables suivant un plan axial, caractérisée par le fait que la surface ex¬ térieure de ce sabot arrière détachable comporte des rayures hélicoïdales engagées dans des rayures hélicoi- dales complémentaires ménagées dans la paroi de la par¬ tie avant de 1'étui, et par le fait que ce sabot arrière détachable entoure au moins la partie arrière du projec¬ tile par une surface tronconique femelle ouverte vers l'avant, ledit projectile sous-calibré comportant une partie arrière tronconique mâle fermée vers 1'arrière et de conicité correspondant à la conicité de ladite sur¬ face tronconique femelle.- an absolutely free choice in the material of the sub-calibrated projectile. According to the invention, the ammunition intended to be fired by a smooth-barreled weapon comprises: a tubular case; a propellant charge sheltered in the rear part of this tubular case; a priming device arranged to ignite this propellant charge under the action of control means belonging to the weapon; an under-calibrated projectile housed in the front part of this tubular case; a detachable rear shoe at the free end of the weapon and with a cylindrical external surface, this detachable rear shoe being interposed between the sub-calibrated projectile and the case, this rear shoe being made up of at least two separable parts according to a axial plane, characterized in that the external surface of this detachable rear shoe has helical stripes engaged in complementary helical stripes formed in the wall of the front part of the case, and by the fact that this detachable rear shoe surrounds at least the rear part of the projectile by a female frustoconical surface open towards the front, said sub-calibrated projectile comprising a male frustoconical rear part closed towards the rear and of conicity corresponding to the conicity of said female frustoconical surface.
Lors de la mise à feu de la charge propulsive, l'ensemble sabot arrière - projectile est propulsé vers l'avant et la coopération des rayures hélicoïdales du sabot arrière et des rayures hélicoïdales de 1'étui provoque là, mise en rotation du sabot arrière qui est transmise intégralement au projectile par les surfaces tronconiques en contact respectivement du sabot arrière et du projectile. L'ensemble sabot arrière - projectile quitte l'étui animé d'une vitesse de rotation déterminée par la vitesse axiale de cet ensemble et par les pas des sus¬ dites rayures hélicoïdales.When firing the propellant charge, the rear shoe-projectile assembly is propelled forward and the cooperation of the helical stripes of the rear shoe and the helical stripes of the case causes there, rotation of the rear shoe which is fully transmitted to the projectile by the frustoconical surfaces in contact respectively of the rear shoe and the projectile. The rear shoe-projectile assembly leaves the case with a rotational speed determined by the axial speed of this assembly and by the steps of the above-mentioned helical stripes.
La balistique interne de l'ensemble sabot arrière - p ojëctile est classique, cet ensemble se comportant^ dans la canon lisse de l'arme, comme un projectile monobloc classique.The internal ballistics of the rear shoe - p ojëctile assembly is classic, this assembly behaving in the smooth barrel of the weapon, like a classic monobloc projectile.
Dès la sortie de la bouche du canon, le sabot arrière se détache et le projectile seul animé de la vi- tesse de rotation acquise à la sortie de l'étui, entame sa trajectoire de balistique externe avec pratiquement toutes les caractéristiques d'un projectile tiré par une arme à canon rayé (précision, portée, puissance de péné¬ tration). Par"- ailleurs, le projectile peut être d'un ca¬ libre notablement inférieur à celui de l'arme, ce qui, dans le cas d'une arme de chasse d'un calibre 12, permet de tirer dés projectiles sous-calibrés de calibre 7 mm, 8 mm, ou 9 JIUTI par- exemple. La munition conforme à l'invention peut être fabriquée avec un prix de revient tout à fait compétitif en raison du choix des matériaux qu'il est possible de faireAs soon as it leaves the muzzle of the barrel, the rear shoe detaches and the single projectile animated by the speed of rotation acquired at the exit of the case, begins its trajectory of external ballistics with practically all the characteristics of a projectile fired by a rifle with a rifled barrel (precision, range, power of penetration). By "- elsewhere, the projectile can be of a ca¬ free significantly lower than that of the weapon, which, in the case of a hunting weapon of a caliber 12, makes it possible to fire sub-calibrated projectiles 7 mm, 8 mm or 9 JIUTI caliber for example. The ammunition according to the invention can be manufactured with a very competitive cost price because of the choice of materials that it is possible to make.
- étui tubulaire en matière plastique à paroi mince, - sabot arrière en matière plastique apte à coopérer efficacement avec la matière plastique de l'étui au niveau des rayures hélicoïdales respectives de ces deux* pièces,- thin-walled plastic tubular case, - plastic rear shoe capable of cooperating effectively with the plastic of the case at the level of the respective helical scratches of these two * parts,
- projectile sous-calibré en tout matériau approprié (métal traité ou non traité, alliages durs ou mous, plastiqués) adapté aux conditions de tir. Selon une disposition avantageuse de l'invention qui a pour but d'améliorer les conditions de départ de l'ensemble sabot arrière - projectile, en permettant lors de la mise à feu de la charge propulsive, l'obten- tion d'une pression élevée, des moyens de retenue tempo¬ raire sont prévus entre le sabot arrière et 1'étui, ces moyens de retenue temporaire cédant lorsque la pression atteint une valeur prédéterminée permettant un départ brusque dudit ensemble sabot arrière - projectile assu- rant à ce dernier des conditions de balistique interne satisfaisantes.- sub-calibrated projectile in any suitable material (treated or untreated metal, hard or soft alloys, plastic) adapted to the shooting conditions. According to an advantageous arrangement of the invention which aims to improve the starting conditions of the rear shoe - projectile assembly, by allowing during the firing of the propellant charge, the obtaining of a pressure high, temporary retention means are provided between the rear shoe and the case, these temporary retention means giving way when the pressure reaches a predetermined value allowing a sudden departure of said rear shoe - projectile assembly ensuring the latter of the satisfactory internal ballistic conditions.
Ces moyens de retenue temporaire peuvent être constitués par une surface tronconique femelle ouverte vers l'avant ménagée dans la paroi de l'étui, entre sa partie avant et sa partie arrière, et par une partie arrière tronconique mâle fermée vers l'arrière, prévue sur le sabot arrière et présentant une conicité corres¬ pondant à la conicité de ladite surface tronconique femelle, l'emmanchement conique ainsi obtenu entre le sabot arrière et l'étui étant réalisé à force avec une force correspondant à la valeur prédéterminée de la pression devant provoquer le départ de l'ensemble sabot arrière - projectile.These temporary retention means can be constituted by a female frustoconical surface open towards the front formed in the wall of the case, between its front part and its rear part, and by a male frustoconical rear part closed towards the rear, provided on the rear shoe and having a conicity corresponding to the conicity of said female frustoconical surface, the conical fitting thus obtained between the rear shoe and the case being force-fitted with a force corresponding to the predetermined value of the pressure in front cause the rear shoe - projectile assembly to start.
Ces moyens de retenue temporaire peuvent aussi être constitués par un bourrelet ménagé vers l'intérieur sur la surface intérieure de l'étui, et venant s'engager dans une gorge ménagée dans la paroi arrière du sabot arrière, ce bourrelet pouvant être réalisé par déforma¬ tion de la paroi de l'étui au niveau de ladite gorge, une fois l'ensemble sabot arrière - projectile mis en place dans l'étui.These temporary retaining means can also be constituted by a bead formed inwards on the interior surface of the case, and coming to engage in a groove formed in the rear wall of the rear shoe, this bead can be produced by deformation. ¬ tion of the wall of the case at the level of said groove, once the rear shoe - projectile assembly is put in place in the case.
Selon une autre disposition avantageuse de l'in¬ vention, des moyens d'ouverture sont prévus pour facili¬ ter l'ouverture et le détachement des deux parties du sabot arrière, dès que l'ensemble sabot arrière - pro¬ jectile est sorti de la bouche du canon. Ces moyens d'ouverture peuvent être constitués par un chanfrein conique, ouvert vers l'avant, ménagé à l'extrémité avant des parois du sabot arrière 6.According to another advantageous arrangement of the invention, opening means are provided to facilitate the opening and detachment of the two parts of the rear shoe, as soon as the rear shoe - pro¬ jectile assembly is out of the muzzle of the barrel. These opening means may consist of a conical chamfer, open towards the front, formed at the front end of the walls of the rear shoe 6.
L'invention consiste, mises à part les disposi- tions dont il vient d'être question ci-après, en cer¬ taines autres dispositions qui s'utilisent de préférence en même temps et dont il sera plus explicitement ques¬ tion ci-après.The invention consists, apart from the arrangements which have just been discussed below, in certain other arrangements which are preferably used at the same time and which will be explained more explicitly below. .
L'invention pourra de toute façon être bien comprise à l'aide du complément de description qui suit, ainsi que des dessins ci-annexés, lesquels complément et dessins sonτ; relatifs à des modes de réalisation préfé- rés de 1'invention et ne coiftportent bien entendu aucun caractère limitatif. La figure 1 de ces dessins montre, en coupe, une munition conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de 1'invention.The invention may in any case be well understood with the aid of the additional description which follows, as well as of the appended drawings, which supplement and drawings are given; relating to preferred embodiments of the invention and of course do not have any limiting character. Figure 1 of these drawings shows, in section, a munition according to a first embodiment of the invention.
La figure 2 montre, en coupe, une munition con¬ forme à un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention. ->- figure 3 montre, en coupe, la munition de la figure 1 mise en place dans le canon d'une arme, cette munition étant montrée non encore mise à feu.Figure 2 shows, in section, a munition con¬ form to another embodiment of the invention. -> - Figure 3 shows, in section, the ammunition of Figure 1 placed in the barrel of a weapon, this ammunition being shown not yet fired.
La figure 4 montre, dans les mêmes conditions que sur la figure 3, la position relative des éléments constitutifs de cette munition juste après la mise à feu.Figure 4 shows, under the same conditions as in Figure 3, the relative position of the components of this munition just after firing.
La figure 5 montre, dans les mêmes conditions que sur ïa figure 3, la munition dans sa phase de balistique interne. La figure 6 montre, dans les mêmes conditions que sur la figure 3, la munition dans sa phase de balis¬ tique ext hie.FIG. 5 shows, under the same conditions as in FIG. 3, the munition in its internal ballistic phase. Figure 6 shows, under the same conditions as in Figure 3, the ammunition in its balis¬ tick phase ext hie.
Comme montré sur les figures 1, 2 et 3, la muni¬ tion comporte un étui tubulaire 1, une charge propulsive 2 abritée dans la partie arrière de cet étui tubulaire, un dispositif d'amorçage 3 agencé pour mettre à feu cette charge propulsive 2 sous 1'action de moyens de commande 4 (percuteur) appartenant à 1'arme et un projectile sous-calibré 5 abrité dans la partie avant de cet étui tubulaire 1. La munition comporte en plus un sabot arrière détachable désigné d'une façon générale par le chiffre de référence 6, ce sabot arrière étant au calibre C de 1'arme (figures 3 et 5) et présentant une surface extérieure cylindrique. Ce sabot arrière 6 est constitué en au moins deux parties 6a et 6b séparables suivant un plan axial P.As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the muni¬ tion comprises a tubular case 1, a propellant charge 2 housed in the rear part of this tubular case, a priming device 3 arranged to ignite this propellant charge 2 under the action of control means 4 (striker) belonging to the weapon and a sub-calibrated projectile 5 housed in the front part of this tubular case 1. The munition additionally comprises a detachable rear shoe designated by 'generally by the reference numeral 6, this rear shoe being of caliber C of the weapon (Figures 3 and 5) and having a cylindrical outer surface. This rear shoe 6 is made up of at least two parts 6a and 6b separable along an axial plane P.
Ce sabot arrière 6 entoure au moins la partie arrière du projectile 5 par une surface tronconique femelle 7 ouverte vers l'avant, le projectile 5 compor¬ tant, de façon complémentaire, une partie arrière tron¬ conique mâle 8 fermée vers l'arrière et de conicité correspondant à la conicité de la surface tronconique femelle 7. La surface extérieure de ce sabot arrière 6 comporte des rayures hélicoïdales 9 engagées dans des rayures hélicoïdales 10 complémentaires ménagées dans la paroi de la partie avant de l'étui 1.This rear shoe 6 surrounds at least the rear part of the projectile 5 by a tapered female surface 7 open towards the front, the projectile 5 comprising, in a complementary manner, a male conical tron¬ rear part 8 closed towards the rear and taper corresponding to the taper of the female frustoconical surface 7. The outer surface of this rear shoe 6 has helical stripes 9 engaged in complementary helical stripes 10 formed in the wall of the front part of the case 1.
Lors de la mise à feu de la charge propulsive 2 (figure 4), l'ensemble sabot arrière 6 - projectile 5 est propulsé vers 1'avant et la coopération des rayures hélicoïdales 9 du sabot arrière 6 et des rayures héli¬ coïdales 10 de l'étui 1 provoque la mise en rotation du sabot arrière, symbolisée par la flèche Fg, qui est transmise intégralement au projectile 5 par l'emmanche¬ ment conique autobloquant constitué par les surfaces tronconiques en contact 7 et 8 respectivement du sabot arrière 6 et du projectile 5. Ledit projectile 5 se trouve donc animé de la même vitesse de rotation symbo- lisée par la flèche Fp. L'ensemble sabot arrière 6 - projectile 5 quitte l'étui 1 animé d'une même vitesse de rotation déterminée par la vitesse axiale de cet ensemble et par le pas des rayures hélicoïdales coopérantes respectivement 9 et 10. La balistique interne de l'ensemble sabot ar¬ rière 6 - projectile 5 (figure 5) est classique, cet ensemble se comportant, dans le canon lisse 11 de l'arme,' comme un projectile monobloc classique.When the propellant charge 2 is ignited (FIG. 4), the rear shoe assembly 6 - projectile 5 is propelled towards the front and the cooperation of the helical stripes 9 of the rear shoe 6 and the helical stripes 10 of the case 1 causes the rear shoe to rotate, symbolized by the arrow Fg, which is transmitted in full to the projectile 5 by the self-locking conical fitting consisting of the frustoconical surfaces in contact 7 and 8 of the rear shoe 6 and of the projectile 5. Said projectile 5 is therefore animated by the same speed of rotation symbolized by the arrow F p . The rear shoe assembly 6 - projectile 5 leaves the case 1 animated by the same speed of rotation determined by the axial speed of this assembly and by the pitch of the cooperating helical stripes 9 and 10 respectively. The internal ballistics of the assembly rear shoe 6 - projectile 5 (FIG. 5) is conventional, this assembly behaving, in the smooth barrel 11 of the weapon, 'like a conventional monobloc projectile.
Dès la sortie de la bouche lia du canon 11 (fi- gure 6), le„ sabot arrière 6 se détache suivant ses deux parties constitutives 6a et 6b et le projectile 5, seul et animé de la vitesse de rotation acquise à la sortie de l'étui 1 et symbolisée par la flèche Fp, entame sa trajectoire de balistique avec pratiquement toutes les caractéristiques d'un projectile tiré par une arme à canon rayé (précision, portée, puissance de pénétra¬ tion).As soon as it leaves the mouth 11a of the barrel 11 (FIG. 6), the rear shoe 6 detaches along its two constituent parts 6a and 6b and the projectile 5, alone and driven by the speed of rotation acquired at the exit of the holster 1 and symbolized by the arrow F p , begins its ballistic trajectory with practically all the characteristics of a projectile fired by a rifle with a rifled barrel (precision, range, penetrating power).
Au point de vue constructif, il convient de signaler que l'étui tublaire 1 peut être réalisé en matière plastique et présente des parois minces.From the constructive point of view, it should be noted that the tublaire case 1 can be made of plastic and has thin walls.
Le sabot arrière 6 peut être réalisé en matière plastique apte à coopérer efficacement avec la matière plastique de l'étui 1 au niveau des rayures hélicoïdales respectives 9 et 10 de ces deux pièces. Le projectile peut être réalisé en tout matériauThe rear shoe 6 can be made of plastic capable of cooperating effectively with the plastic of the case 1 at the level of the respective helical stripes 9 and 10 of these two parts. The projectile can be made of any material
(plastique, métal ou alliage) adapté aux conditions de tir et sous-calibré par rapport au calibre de l'arme.(plastic, metal or alloy) adapted to the shooting conditions and under-calibrated compared to the caliber of the weapon.
Selon une disposition avantageuse de l'invention montrée sur les figures, des moyens de retenue tempo- raire, désignés d'une façon générale par le chiffre de référence 12, sont prévus entre le sabot arrière 6 et l'étui 1, ces moyens de retenue temporaire 12 cédant (c'est-à-dire libérant l'ensemble sabot arrière 6 - pro¬ jectile 5) lorsque la pression engendrée par la mise à feu de la charge propulsive 2 atteint une valeur prédé¬ terminée permettant un départ brusque dudit ensemble et assurant à ce dernier des conditions de balistique interne satisfaisantes.According to an advantageous arrangement of the invention shown in the figures, temporary retention means, generally designated by the reference numeral 12, are provided between the rear shoe 6 and the case 1, these means of temporary retainer 12 yielding (that is to say releasing the rear shoe assembly 6 - projectile 5) when the pressure generated by the firing of the propellant charge 2 reaches a predefined value allowing abrupt departure of said together and providing the latter with satisfactory internal ballistic conditions.
La présence des moyens de retenue temporaire est intéressante dans la mesure où elle permet d'améliorer les conditions de départ de l'ensemble sabot ar¬ rière - projectile en permettant, lors de la mise à feu de la charge propulsive, l'obtention d'une pression élevée dont la valeur ne dépend que du calibrage des moyens de retenue temporaire, c'est-à-dire de la force qui leur permet de céder.The presence of temporary retaining means is advantageous insofar as it makes it possible to improve the conditions of departure of the rear shoe-projectile assembly by allowing, when the propellant charge is ignited, obtaining '' a high pressure whose value depends only on the calibration of the temporary restraint means, that is to say the force which allows them to yield.
Comme montré sur la figure 1, ces moyens de retenue temporaire 12 peuvent être constituésAs shown in FIG. 1, these temporary retaining means 12 can be constituted
- par une surface tronconique femelle 13 ouverte vers l'avant et ménagée dans la paroi de l'étui 1, entre sa partie avant et sa partie arrière,by a tapered female surface 13 open towards the front and formed in the wall of the case 1, between its front part and its rear part,
- et par une partie arrière tronconique mâle 14 fermée vers l'arrière, prévue sur le sabot arrière 6 et pré¬ sentant une conicité correspondant à la conicité de ladite surface tronconique femelle 13. L'emmanchement conique ainsi obtenu entre le sabot arrière 6 et l'étui 1 est réalisé à force avec une force correspondant à la valeur prédéterminée de la pression devant provoquer le départ de l'ensemble sabot arrière 6 - projectile 5 en faisant céder ces moyens de retenue temporaire 12 ainsi réalisés.- And by a male frustoconical rear part 14 closed towards the rear, provided on the rear shoe 6 and having a conicity corresponding to the conicity of said female frustoconical surface 13. The conical fitting thus obtained between the rear shoe 6 and the case 1 is made by force with a force corresponding to the predetermined value of the pressure which must cause the departure of the rear shoe assembly 6 - projectile 5 by causing these temporary retaining means 12 thus produced to yield.
Comme montré sur la figure 2, ces moyens de retenue temporaire 12 peuvent être constitués par un bourrelet 15 ménagé vers l'intérieur sur la surface intérieure de l'étui et venant s'engager dans une gorge 16 ménagée dans la paroi arrière du sabot arrière, ce bourrelet 15 pouvant être réalisé par déformation de la paroi de l'étui 1 au niveau de ladite gorge 16, une fois l'ensemble sabot arrière 6 - projectile 5 mis en place dans l'étui. Selon une autre disposition avantageuse de l'in¬ vention, des moyens d'ouverture 17 sont prévus pour faciliter l'ouverture et le détachement des deux parties 6a et 6b du sabot arrière 6 dès que l'ensemble sabot arrière 6 - projectile 5 est sorti de la bouche lia du canon 11. Ces moyens d'ouverture 17 peuvent être consti¬ tués par un chanfrein conique 18 ouvert vers 1'avant et ménagé à.1'extrémité avant des parois du sabot arrière 6. As shown in FIG. 2, these temporary retaining means 12 can consist of a bead 15 arranged inward on the interior surface of the case and engaging in a groove 16 formed in the rear wall of the rear shoe. , this bead 15 can be produced by deformation of the wall of the case 1 at the level of said groove 16, once the rear shoe assembly 6 - projectile 5 is put in place in the case. According to another advantageous arrangement of the invention, opening means 17 are provided for facilitate the opening and detachment of the two parts 6a and 6b of the rear shoe 6 as soon as the rear shoe 6 - projectile 5 assembly is out of the mouth 11a of the barrel 11. These opening means 17 can be consti¬ a conical chamfer 18 open towards the front and formed at the front end of the walls of the rear shoe 6.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Munition destinée à être tirée par une arme à canon lisse, ladite munition comportant : un étui tubu¬ laire (1) ; une charge propulsive (2) abritée dans la partie arrière de cet étui tubulaire (1) ; un dispositif d'amorçage (3) agencé pour mettre à feu cette charge propulsive (2) sous l'action de moyens de commande (4) appartenant à l'arme ; un projectile sous-calibré (5) abrité dans la partie avant de cet étui tubulaire (1) ; un sabot arrière détachable (6) au calibre de l'arme et à surface extérieure cylindrique, ce sabot arrière déta¬ chable (6) étant interposé entre le projectile sous- calibré (5) et l'étui (1), ce sabot arrière (6) étant constitué en au moins deux parties (6a,6b) séparables suivant un plan axial (P), caractérisée par le fait que la surface extérieure de ce sabot arrière détachable (6) comporte des rayures hélicoïdales (9) engagées dans des rayures hélicoïdales complémentaires (10) ménagées dans la paroi de la partie avant de 1'étui (1), et par le fait que ce sabot arrière détachable (6) entoure au moins la partie arrière du projectile par une surface tronconique femelle (7) ouverte vers l'avant, ledit projectile sous-calibré (5) comportant une partie ar¬ rière tronconique mâle (8) fermée vers l'arrière et de conicité correspondant à la conicité de ladite surface tronconique femelle (7).1. Ammunition intended to be fired by a smooth-barreled weapon, said ammunition comprising: a tubular casing (1); a propellant charge (2) housed in the rear part of this tubular case (1); a priming device (3) arranged to ignite this propellant charge (2) under the action of control means (4) belonging to the weapon; a sub-calibrated projectile (5) housed in the front part of this tubular case (1); a detachable rear shoe (6) of the caliber of the weapon and with a cylindrical external surface, this detachable rear shoe (6) being interposed between the sub-calibrated projectile (5) and the case (1), this rear shoe (6) being made up of at least two parts (6a, 6b) separable along an axial plane (P), characterized in that the outer surface of this detachable rear shoe (6) has helical stripes (9) engaged in complementary helical stripes (10) formed in the wall of the front part of the case (1), and by the fact that this detachable rear shoe (6) surrounds at least the rear part of the projectile by a female frustoconical surface (7) open towards the front, said sub-calibrated projectile (5) comprising a tapered male rear portion (8) closed towards the rear and of conicity corresponding to the taper of said female tapered surface (7).
2. Munition selon la revendication 1, caractéri¬ sée par le fait que des moyens de retenue temporaire (12) sont prévus entre le sabot arrière (6) et l'étui (1), ces moyens de retenue temporaire (12) cédant lors¬ que la pression atteint une valeur prédéterminée permet¬ tant un départ brusque dudit ensemble sabot arrière - projectile assurant à ce dernier des conditions de balistique interne satisfaisantes au point de vue de sa vitesse de rotation et de sa vitesse axiale. 2. Ammunition according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that temporary retaining means (12) are provided between the rear shoe (6) and the case (1), these temporary retaining means (12) yielding during ¬ that the pressure reaches a predetermined value allowing a sudden departure of said rear shoe - projectile assembly ensuring the latter of internal ballistic conditions satisfactory from the point of view of its rotational speed and its axial speed.
3. Munition selon la revendication 2, caractéri¬ sée par le fait que les moyens de retenue temporaire3. Ammunition according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the temporary retention means
(12) sont constitués par une surface tronconique femelle(12) consist of a female frustoconical surface
(13) ouverte vers l'avant et ménagée dans la paroi de l'étui (1)," entre sa partie avant et sa partie arrière, et par une partie arrière tronconique mâle (14) fermée vers l'arrière, prévue sur le sabot arrière (6) et pré¬ sentant une conicité correspondant à la conicité de ladite sur ace tronconique femelle (13). (13) open towards the front and formed in the wall of the case (1), "between its front part and its rear part, and by a male tapered rear part (14) closed towards the rear, provided on the rear shoe (6) and having a conicity corresponding to the conicity of said on a frustoconical female ace (13).
4. Munition selon la revendication 2, caractéri¬ sée par le fait que les moyens de retenue temporaire (12) sont constitués par un bourrelet (15) ménagé vers l'intérieur sur la surface intérieure de l'étui et venant s'engager dans une gorge (16) ménagée dans la paroi arrière du sabot arrière, ce bourrelet (15) pou¬ vant être réalisé par déformation de la paroi de l'étui (1) au niveau de ladite gorge (16), une fois l'ensemble sabot arriêxe (6) - projectile (5) mis en place dans l'étui. 4. Ammunition according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the temporary retaining means (12) consist of a bead (15) arranged inwardly on the interior surface of the case and engaging in a groove (16) formed in the rear wall of the rear shoe, this bead (15) can be made by deformation of the wall of the case (1) at said groove (16), once the assembly rear shoe (6) - projectile (5) placed in the case.
5. Munition selon l'une quelconque des revendi¬ cations 1 à j caractérisée par le fait que des moyens d'ouverture (17) sont prévus pour faciliter l'ouverture et le détachement des deux parties (6a,6b) du sabot arrière (6)- dès que l'ensemble sabot arrière (6) - projectile (5) est sorti de la bouche (lia) du canon (11).5. Ammunition according to any one of the claims 1 to j, characterized in that the opening means (17) are provided to facilitate the opening and detachment of the two parts (6a, 6b) of the rear shoe ( 6) - as soon as the rear shoe assembly (6) - projectile (5) has left the muzzle (11a) of the barrel (11).
6. Munition selon la revendication 5, caractér¬ isée par le fait que les moyens d'ouverture (17) sont constitués par un chanfrein conique (18) ouvert vers 1'avant et ménagé à 1'extrémité avant des parois du sabot arrière (6). 6. Ammunition according to claim 5, characterized in that the opening means (17) consist of a conical chamfer (18) open towards the front and formed at the front end of the walls of the rear shoe ( 6).
PCT/FR1990/000552 1989-07-26 1990-07-20 Improvements in munitions intended to be fired from a smooth-bored weapon WO1991002211A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8910080A FR2650388A1 (en) 1989-07-26 1989-07-26 IMPROVEMENTS TO AMMUNITION FOR SHOOTING WITH A SMOOTH CANNON WEAPON
FR89/10080 1989-07-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991002211A1 true WO1991002211A1 (en) 1991-02-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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FR (1) FR2650388A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991002211A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4038777C2 (en) * 1990-12-05 1999-08-26 Mauser Werke Oberndorf Sabot projectile
US6889612B1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-05-10 The 204Th Arsenal, Material Production Center Armement Bureau Long-distance blast banger
WO2009056082A1 (en) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-07 Jallcom Holdings Ltd. Ammunition for shooting from a smooth barrel
US20190271519A1 (en) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-05 Michael Morency Cleary Rifled ammunition system
US11867487B1 (en) 2021-03-03 2024-01-09 Wach Llc System and method for aeronautical stabilization

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011013066A1 (en) * 2010-11-04 2012-05-10 Alexander Traut Cartridge for smooth barrel, has supplementary chamber for accommodating powder, such that cylindrical projectiles consisting of tube with rifled barrels discharge the powder in supplementary chamber

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US1741901A (en) * 1927-12-21 1929-12-31 Reginald J Alden Cartridge
US1741900A (en) * 1926-03-11 1929-12-31 Reginald J Alden Cartridge
US3120186A (en) * 1962-07-02 1964-02-04 Earle M Harvey Grenade round with telescoping rifled barrel
US4063511A (en) * 1976-07-21 1977-12-20 Bullard James M Spinning shot gun projectile
FR2602042A1 (en) * 1986-07-23 1988-01-29 Sauvestre Jean Claude Projectile for hunting ammunition comprising a launch sabot and a sub-calibre bullet with sliding stabiliser
FR2606500A1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1988-05-13 Sauvestre Jean Claude HUNTING AMMUNITION WITH INCREASED COMBUSTION VOLUME

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FR477375A (en) * 1900-01-01
US1741900A (en) * 1926-03-11 1929-12-31 Reginald J Alden Cartridge
US1741901A (en) * 1927-12-21 1929-12-31 Reginald J Alden Cartridge
US3120186A (en) * 1962-07-02 1964-02-04 Earle M Harvey Grenade round with telescoping rifled barrel
US4063511A (en) * 1976-07-21 1977-12-20 Bullard James M Spinning shot gun projectile
FR2606500A1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1988-05-13 Sauvestre Jean Claude HUNTING AMMUNITION WITH INCREASED COMBUSTION VOLUME
FR2602042A1 (en) * 1986-07-23 1988-01-29 Sauvestre Jean Claude Projectile for hunting ammunition comprising a launch sabot and a sub-calibre bullet with sliding stabiliser

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4038777C2 (en) * 1990-12-05 1999-08-26 Mauser Werke Oberndorf Sabot projectile
US6889612B1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-05-10 The 204Th Arsenal, Material Production Center Armement Bureau Long-distance blast banger
WO2009056082A1 (en) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-07 Jallcom Holdings Ltd. Ammunition for shooting from a smooth barrel
US20190271519A1 (en) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-05 Michael Morency Cleary Rifled ammunition system
US11867487B1 (en) 2021-03-03 2024-01-09 Wach Llc System and method for aeronautical stabilization

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6158590A (en) 1991-03-11
FR2650388A1 (en) 1991-02-01

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