WO1990001169A1 - Dispositif de mesure et d'enregistrement de donnees relatives a l'acceleration - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure et d'enregistrement de donnees relatives a l'acceleration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990001169A1
WO1990001169A1 PCT/HU1988/000053 HU8800053W WO9001169A1 WO 1990001169 A1 WO1990001169 A1 WO 1990001169A1 HU 8800053 W HU8800053 W HU 8800053W WO 9001169 A1 WO9001169 A1 WO 9001169A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acceleration
microprocessor
coupled
output
amplifier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU1988/000053
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Levente SZÉKELY
Gábor RÁCZ
Károlyné OTTA
Original Assignee
Szekely Levente
Racz Gabor
Otta Karolyne
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Szekely Levente, Racz Gabor, Otta Karolyne filed Critical Szekely Levente
Priority to PCT/HU1988/000053 priority Critical patent/WO1990001169A1/fr
Publication of WO1990001169A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990001169A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P1/00—Details of instruments
    • G01P1/12—Recording devices
    • G01P1/127—Recording devices for acceleration values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/093—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by photoelectric pick-up

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for measuring and recording acceleration data, primarily for use in auto ⁇ motive vehicles for the purpose of measuring and dis ⁇ playing vehicle acceleration and, if required, for storing the' measured values .
  • a coil wound on a core is placed in the magnetic field of three precisely spaced hard magnets.
  • the core has a hollow design and it surrounds the magnet located in the middle.
  • the coil is mounted to one end of a pivoted arm supported in bearings permitting rotation of the arm about an outer axis arranged parallel to the magnetic field.
  • the other end of the pivoted arm is a plate placed parallel to said axis.
  • the magnetic field produced by the current passed through the coil is linked up with the permanent magnetic field of the magnets, thus a force arises therebetween.
  • the differential quotient of this force is proportional with the component of the acceleration in a predetermined direction.
  • the object of the invention is to fulfill the above requirement and to provide an apparatus capable of measuring both the acceleration and deceleration and storing these data with sufficient reliability.
  • an accelero eter has been devised which is sensitive to a predetermined component of the acceleration only which falls in one direction and which can provide the output in the form of an electrical signal.
  • This accelerometer i.e.
  • acceleration sensor comprises a frame pivotally mounted in a magnetic field, a coil wound around the frame, a cross beam rigidly mounted to said frame, a mechanical mass fixed to said cross beam, a planar element attached to and preferably arranged normal to the cross beam and an optical detector, the sensing zone of the detector is partially covered by the planar element, and the optical detector comprises a photo-sensitive transistor connected to a high-gain amplifier, said coil is coupled to the output circuit of the amplifier, a compensating capacitor is inserted between an intermediate point of the amplifier and a ground potential, the output of the amplifier is coupled to the control input of a voltage controlled oscillator the output of which is connected to a frequency counter, furthermore the apparatus comprises a micro ⁇ processor generating an acceleration signal in response to the output of the counter, a memory associated with said microprocessor and a display unit controlled by the output of said microprocessor.
  • a preferable embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is suitable for determining the direction of the acceleration as well which comprises a pair of identical acceleration detectors of the above design with sensing directions perpendicular to each other, respective voltage controlled oscillators are coupled to the output of the detectors and a third voltage controlled oscilllator of the same design as the other two is provided having an input coupled to a stabilized direct voltage source and the outputs of the three voltage controlled oscillators are connected to the microprocessor through a multiplexer.
  • a microprocessor suitable for standby mode of operation by providing it with a standby circuit connected to its standby input , one input of said standby circuit is coupled to a switch and an other input is connected to a power supply comprising an internal battery.
  • the high gain required for the detection can preferably be provided by using a pair of Darlington transistors in the amplifier.
  • the optical detector it is advantageous to use a light emitting diode as light source.
  • the apparatus according to the invention possesses the required sensitivity, it has a low power consumption and in standby state i.e. during standstill of the vehicle or during transportthe data stored therein are safely regained whereby the conditions of acceleration can well be re ⁇ constructed.
  • the use of a microprocessor offers the possib ⁇ ility of utilizing several further optional facilities as well.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic arrangement of the components of the acceleration sensor according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the circuitry associated with the sensor of Figure 1, and
  • Fig. 3 is the general block diagram of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • Frame 10 is provided with a coil, and similar to the known moving coil instruments, it is accommmodated in a homogeneous magnetic field act represented in the drawing, said frame is rota ahly suppor ⁇ ed by two bearings mounted a ⁇ the two ends thereof and it is kept in a given angular position by flat helical springs.
  • the axle of frame 10 is rigidly coupled to cross beam 11 arranged perpendicularly to the axle, and similar to the pointer of a conventional instrument, the frame can rotate in both directions about the axle .
  • a concentrated mass 12 is mounted to the cross beam 11, and a planar element 13 is attached to the projecting end of the cross beam.
  • the planar element 13 protrudes into a U-shaped opening formed by two legs of sensing element 14.
  • the light path of an optical sensor 15 is passed through the opening formed by said legs, and this path is partly intercepted or covered by the planar element 13 when rotated in the opening.
  • the optical sensor 15 consists of a light-emitting diode 16 and light-sensitive transistor 17 shown in Fig. 2.
  • Figure 2 the schematic diagram of the circuit arrange ⁇ ment is shown.
  • Light-sensitive transistor 17 is connected to transistor 18, 19 arranged in Darlington connection.
  • Coil 20 wound around the frame 10 is coupled into the collector circuit of the transistor 19- Between the base of the transis tor 19 and earth a compensating capacitor 21 is inserted, by which the upper cutoff frequency of the circuit is set to about 5 Hz. Across emitter resistor 22 of the transistor 19, as it will be explained, a voltage proportional to that component of the force acting on the mass 12 can be measured which is normal to the cross beam 11. This voltage represents the output of the sensor.
  • FIG. 3 shows the general block diagram of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the apparatus is mounted in a small portable casing and it comprises a first acceleration detector 23 for sensing accelerations in direction x and a second acceleration detector 24 for sensing y-direction accelerations.
  • the outputs of the acceleration detectors 23 and 24 are connected to the inputs of voltage-controlled oscillators 25 and 27, respectively.
  • a third voltage-controlled oscillator 26 of identical design is used, the input of which is driven by a constant voltage obtained from a voltage divider consisting of a resistor R and a Zener diode Z.
  • microprocessor 29 can be implemented e.g. by the microprocessor of INTEL type 8051. This type of the microprocessor is preferable, since it comprises four 8-bit ports, any bit thereof can equally be input or output, it comprises a complete series-duplex type asynchronous data transmission unit in which the dai ⁇ a transmission rate can be varied freely, it is provided furthermore with a so-called standby mode in which the set of stored data can be preserved at very low power consumption.
  • the microprocessor is equipped with two internal timer units, and in addition to these facilities the microprocessor 29 comprises all units required for fulfilling a processor function.
  • the output terminals of the microprocessor 29 are coupled to a display 30 which .comprises preferably sixteen LEDs .
  • Inputs RxD of the microprocessor 29 receive through line coupling unit 31 signals of input terminals 32, whereas outputs TxD are connected to output terminal 34 through line coupling unit 33-Input terminals 32 and output terminals 34 may be connected to lines having loop currents of 20 milliamp
  • the apparatus is provided with a rechargeable battery 35, a power supply 36 coupled thereto, a standby circuit 37, a switch 38, a pair of charging terminals 39 connectable to an external power source ensuring external charging and a sensing terminal 40 which leads out the actual output voltage of the battery 35-
  • the operation of the apparatus according to the invention is as follows.
  • the current gain of transistors 18, 19, i.e. the overall loop gain of the closed regulation circuit is sufficiently high then the angular position of cross beam 11 will not change to a noticeable extent under the effect of the accelerating force but the current flowing in the coil 20 will be proportional to the accelerating force.
  • the voltage across the emitter resistor 22 follows this current.
  • the high frequency components resulting from the swings and vibrations of the vehicle are filtered out by the capacitor 21 and this low-pass characterictic provide s for the stability of the regulating circuit. With accelerating forces not fully coinciding with the direction of the arrow N, the voltage signal obtained will be proportional to the component of such forces falling in the direction of the arrow N.
  • acceleration detector 24 Since, in addition to acceleration detector 23 shown in Figure 1, a further acceleration detector 24 with normal sensing direction is also used, the two voltage outputs will vectorially determine the actual direction of the force as well.
  • the microprofesscr requires that these analogue voltage signals be converted in digital form.
  • the multiplexer 28 cyclically couples the outputs of the respective voltage controlled oscillators 25, 26 and 27 to the frequency counting input of the microprocessor 29-
  • a clock available in the microprocessor 29 and with the use of a suitable program the number of cycles occurring within a unit of time is cyclically measured, and this number is the digital representation of the sensed accelerations .
  • microprocessor 29 adjusts the base-frequency used for digitalization in accordance with the changes in the frequency of the oscillator 26, i.e. any change caused by thermal or other effects will not appear in the digitalized acceleration signal output.
  • the microprocessor 29 obtains separate information concerning the magnitudes of the two mutually normal components.
  • the apparatus On finishing the trip the apparatus is set standby mode by means of the switch 38, whereby the content of the memory is preserved at a current consumption being by 3 orders of magnitude lower than in normal opera ⁇ tion.
  • the standby state will become activated also when the output voltage of the storage battery 38 drops below a permisssible critical value. Preservation of the memory content will thereby be ensured.
  • the stored data can be read out from the memory through output terminals 34, and the reception of access codes at input terminals 32 can also be a condition of establishing a data transmission link. Otherwise the data traffic takes place in standard codes .
  • the calibration of the apparatus according to the invention can be performed by utilizing normal gravitational acceleration. If the apparatus is suitable for sensing acceleration in the horizontal plane, one can bring the two sensing directions, one after the other, into the vertical plane by turning the casing of the apparatus by 90 .
  • the program of the microprocessor 29 ensures that the digital value corresponding to a definite fractional part of normal gravitational acceleration is taken as basis for calibration.
  • the sensitivity can be modified by selecting said fractional value correspondingly.
  • the apparatus according to the invention By arranging the apparatus according to the invention into a vehicle information can be obtained and records can be taken on the conditions of acceleration prevailed in the course of vehicle movement which permits the reconstruction of possible dangerous situations or accidents by reading out the data stored in the memory.
  • the driver In the knowledge of the acceleration data the driver will have access to information he could not have acquired by the use of a tachometer or a tachograph.
  • the increased requirements of commercial vehicle traffic render the knowledge of these data important and necessar

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)

Abstract

L'appareil décrit qui sert à mesurer et à enregistrer l'accélération principalement dans les véhicules automobiles, comprend un ou deux détecteurs d'accélération, comportant chacun une masse (12) disposée sur une tige transversale (11) montée sur un cadre rotatif (10), sur lequel est placée une bobine (20) similaire à celles qui sont généralement utilisées dans des instruments à bobine mobile. Un élément plat (13) est fixé à l'extrémité de l'élément transversal (11) qui s'étend partiellement dans la zone de détection du détecteur optique (15) et la sortie du détecteur optique (15) est connectée à un amplificateur. En outre, la bobine (20) placée sur le cadre (10) est connectée au circuit de sortie d'amplificateur, et la sortie d'amplificateur est couplée à un oscillateur commandé par tension, qui est connecté à un microprocesseur.
PCT/HU1988/000053 1988-07-26 1988-07-26 Dispositif de mesure et d'enregistrement de donnees relatives a l'acceleration WO1990001169A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/HU1988/000053 WO1990001169A1 (fr) 1988-07-26 1988-07-26 Dispositif de mesure et d'enregistrement de donnees relatives a l'acceleration

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/HU1988/000053 WO1990001169A1 (fr) 1988-07-26 1988-07-26 Dispositif de mesure et d'enregistrement de donnees relatives a l'acceleration

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990001169A1 true WO1990001169A1 (fr) 1990-02-08

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991015774A1 (fr) * 1990-04-03 1991-10-17 Kellett Michael A Accelerometre
US5508020A (en) * 1992-06-05 1996-04-16 Diatech, Inc. Technetium-99M labeled peptides for imaging
WO2011147947A1 (fr) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Sysnav Dispositif et procede de determination d'une information de profondeur a partir d'un capteur optique susceptible d'etre en deplacement

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH494399A (de) * 1968-01-25 1970-07-31 Stamicarbon Waage
DE2526279A1 (de) * 1974-06-26 1976-01-08 Peter Fischer Elektrodynamische kraftmesseinrichtung
DE2365460B2 (de) * 1973-02-20 1976-01-15 Ausscheidung aus: 23 17 756 Precisa AG Rechenmaschinenfabrik, Zürich (Schweiz) Kraftmessgeraet
GB2052047A (en) * 1979-03-20 1981-01-21 Secr Defence Accelerometer
DE3315958A1 (de) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-05 Jenoptik Jena Gmbh, Ddr 6900 Jena Anordnung zur bestimmung der winkelgeschwindigkeit und beschleunigung
US4598586A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-07-08 Northrop Corporation Compensation of gain temperature coefficient in an optical pick-off for an accelerometer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH494399A (de) * 1968-01-25 1970-07-31 Stamicarbon Waage
DE2365460B2 (de) * 1973-02-20 1976-01-15 Ausscheidung aus: 23 17 756 Precisa AG Rechenmaschinenfabrik, Zürich (Schweiz) Kraftmessgeraet
DE2526279A1 (de) * 1974-06-26 1976-01-08 Peter Fischer Elektrodynamische kraftmesseinrichtung
GB2052047A (en) * 1979-03-20 1981-01-21 Secr Defence Accelerometer
DE3315958A1 (de) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-05 Jenoptik Jena Gmbh, Ddr 6900 Jena Anordnung zur bestimmung der winkelgeschwindigkeit und beschleunigung
US4598586A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-07-08 Northrop Corporation Compensation of gain temperature coefficient in an optical pick-off for an accelerometer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991015774A1 (fr) * 1990-04-03 1991-10-17 Kellett Michael A Accelerometre
US5508020A (en) * 1992-06-05 1996-04-16 Diatech, Inc. Technetium-99M labeled peptides for imaging
US6667389B1 (en) 1992-06-05 2003-12-23 Diatide, Inc. Technetium-99m labeled peptides for imaging
WO2011147947A1 (fr) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Sysnav Dispositif et procede de determination d'une information de profondeur a partir d'un capteur optique susceptible d'etre en deplacement
FR2960634A1 (fr) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-02 Sysnav Dispositif et procede de determination d'une information de profondeur a partir d'un capteur optique susceptible d'etre en deplacement

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