WO1987005004A1 - Procede et dispositif pour traiter et desinfecter l'eau de piscines a l'aide de chlore et d'ozone - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour traiter et desinfecter l'eau de piscines a l'aide de chlore et d'ozone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987005004A1
WO1987005004A1 PCT/DE1987/000050 DE8700050W WO8705004A1 WO 1987005004 A1 WO1987005004 A1 WO 1987005004A1 DE 8700050 W DE8700050 W DE 8700050W WO 8705004 A1 WO8705004 A1 WO 8705004A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ozone
water
raw water
chlorine
spiral
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1987/000050
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Shlomo Tamir
Original Assignee
Shlomo Tamir
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shlomo Tamir filed Critical Shlomo Tamir
Priority to DE87DE8700050T priority Critical patent/DE3790094D2/de
Publication of WO1987005004A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987005004A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/42—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the treatment and disinfection of swimming and swimming pool water using chlorine and ozone and in particular relates to the ozonation of the raw water.
  • the treatment of swimming and swimming pool water hereinafter also referred to as bath water, has the task of having one in the pool at all times
  • disinfection is of particular importance in the treatment of swimming pool water.
  • a good disinfectant should quickly kill or inactivate pathogenic germs in water and keep the bacterial count as low as possible, whereby the bathing water may have a colony count of at most 100 per ml and Escheria coli bacteria (E. coli) as indicator germs for faecal contamination are not detectable at all allowed to.
  • the disinfectant should be algicidal, fungicidal, bactericidal and virus-inactivating, i.e. it should have a broad spectrum of activity, based on the knowledge (see Roeske, loc.
  • the "safe" redox potential for swimming pool water is generally a value above about 600 mV for killing after an exposure time of less than one minute.
  • the disinfectant should be able to be used in the lowest possible application concentration, in which it does not affect the technical
  • Corrosive equipment is still toxic or has harmful side effects on the bather. It should be tasteless and odorless, must be sufficiently stable in water to give it a sufficient and long-lasting germicidal effect (depot effect), and in addition to the disinfectant effect, it should also have an oxidative effect on the water content without entering into any disturbing compounds , must not put additional pressure on the water, whereby the
  • Reaction products that are to be biodegradable should be available at an economically justifiable cost and, moreover, they should be dosed reliably, safely and precisely, and their concentration in the water can be determined safely, easily and quickly.
  • Such an ideal disinfectant is not known, but chlorine gas and some chlorine compounds meet a large part of the requirements listed.
  • Chlorine gas in particular is the disinfectant of choice for bath water disinfection
  • the disadvantages associated with the use of chlorine are generally known and are manifested, among other things, in odor nuisance, eye irritation and skin intolerance.
  • Ozone which is the strongest oxidizing and disinfecting agent that can be used for water treatment, has also found its way into bath water treatment. Ozone has very good bactericidal, virucidal and sporocidal properties and can partially flocculate substances that are distributed in water. It also improves the smell, taste and optical properties of water. Of particular note is the oxidative degradation of the organic
  • the Raw water withdrawn from the basin is first treated with excess ozone after at least one filtration step in order to kill or inactivate the microorganisms in the raw water and to break down the organic pollutants, and that after ozonation the chlorination to pure water takes place, which is fed to the basin.
  • the water is conventionally passed after the ozonation and before the chlorination through an activated carbon filter, on which the ozone dissolved in the water decomposes catalytically.
  • the pure water flowing into the pool must then have no or no ozone content greater than 0.01 g ozone / m 3 fresh water.
  • ozone production and ozonation of the raw water (sometimes also referred to below as treatment water, provided that the raw water has already been subjected to at least one purification step without being present as pure water) in the following manner.
  • ozone Mainly from air, occasionally also from oxygen, ozone is produced, regularly by silent, electrical discharge at voltages between 6000 and 20,000 V.
  • ozone-air mixtures with an ozone gas concentration of around 2 vol.% Can be produced, whereby for the generation of 1 g of ozone when using dry, atmospheric air
  • the source gas air or acid substance gas must not contain moisture, dust or catalytically active substances. in order to prevent premature decay of the ozone formed as far as possible.
  • the used Gas containing oxygen must therefore be mechanically cleaned and dried to a dew point below 228 K (-45oC).
  • the ozone produced is introduced into the treatment water via injectors or in washers which work according to the counter-current principle, 0.5 to 1.5 g of ozone being consumed per m 3 of water according to the prior art.
  • This use of ozone is very high in terms of the very good disinfecting and oxidizing ability of the ozone and can be explained by the low solubility of the ozone in water and the prevailing application technology, according to which the ozone is in more or less form in counter-current containers or in reaction coils Large gas bubbles in the air-ozone mixture (mixing ratio ozone: air about 1:50) bubbled through the water at normal pressure or - in the case of reaction coils with conventional vertical winding progress - badly with the aqueous phase mixed through this more or less just brushes along.
  • the reaction times of the ozone with the water ie the mean residence time of the water in the reaction containers, must therefore also be between 1 and 1.5 minutes.
  • the invention has for its object to enable not only an ozone-assisted bath water treatment and disinfection both from a technical as well as from a cost perspective in general and in particular previously only chlorine as water treatment and disinfectant baths for chlorine-ozone treatment of the water technically and to make it economically feasible to retrofit, but also to lower the total operating costs below the previous cost level of purely chlorine-cleaned bathrooms.
  • the retrofit should be able to be carried out without technical modifications to the existing systems and with continued use of the existing facilities.
  • ozonizer With regard to the ozonizer, a compact, handy device (dimensions 40 cm x 40 cm x 20 cm) with the following performance data was developed: maximum power consumption 50 W at 220 V and 50 - 60 Hz, air flow rate 700 L / h, maximum ozone generation 1, 2 g O 3 / h.
  • Main stream for draining water from a partial stream in a pipe or hose brings about 40% of its throughput of air into the partial flow by means of a vacuum-producing injector, the air volume being related to the natural atmospheric pressure and the water-air mixture is conveyed through at a flow rate of about 1.5 m / s a line section in the form of a spiral of several turns running in a vertical plane, the air in the water is distributed to a milky looking foam or spray-like state of distribution in the manner of a spray or aerosol, which is evidently retained when combined with the main stream.
  • Bacteriological records indicate that at least 90% of the microorganisms previously contained in the raw water had become non-viable in a fraction of a second immediately after the combination.
  • the water was chlorinated with the existing chlorine introduction system and passed as pure water into the bathing pool. The entire line system was closed, so that no air escaped from it, so the air coming from the ozonizer only to the
  • Disinfection system in operation and the only technical intervention worth mentioning was to set up the bypass for the raw water flow to introduce the ozone-air mixture from the handy ozonizer and the above-mentioned spiral pipe arrangement of the bypass as a mixing section for the intimate mixing of the branched raw water flow the air containing ozone.
  • Fig. 1 shows the flow of water in a swimming pool or bathing pool with chlorine purification and according to the invention additional ozone purification.
  • a ring line 2 leads from the basin and into the basin 1 for the raw water outlet, the treatment stages of the water and the pure water supply line.
  • the outgoing raw water is made up of the surge and overflow water and / or directly drained pool water.
  • the total raw water flow is conveyed by at least one pump 3 and at least one filter 4 which retains the suspended particles and some other impurities contained in the raw water, the use of flocculants, filter aids etc. and the use of further treatment agents being possible; in this respect reference is made to the literature. Except for parts 5 through 9, the plant is essentially conventional, including the chlorine feed 10 both in terms of the type of chlorine chemical and Technique of chlorine dosing.
  • the flow rate Q h of the raw water is advantageously about 100 m 3 / h.
  • Aerosol-like division of the ozone-air / water mixture in the spiral 9 has been found to be satisfactory if the mixing spiral 9 is an elongated oval with a height of approximately 1.5 m and consists of at least three turns in the vertical plane, and the mixing section 6 to 10 m is.
  • a device typical of the invention for ozonating the raw water comprises as essential parts an ozonizer 7 with an air flow rate of 700 l / h non-pretreated or pretreated atmospheric air and an ozone generation rate of 1 to 1.2 g / h ozone and a mixing spiral 9 for 6 to 10 m mixing distance in three turns of a pipe or hose 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) in diameter, ie a flow cross section of 2.85 cm 2 ; the mixing spiral 9 is preferably highly oval and preferably has a height of 1.5 m; the prevailing in it, maintained by the pump 6, delivery pressure is about 1.5 bar above the delivery pressure of the raw water main stream, which can be about 0.7 bar above atmospheric pressure.
  • Typical operating data are a raw water throughput q h of 1.7 m 3 / h through the spiral 9. This initially resulted in a without adding an ozone-air stream
  • Raw water main flow line and a pressure of 1.5 bar above it in the mixing spiral with about 0.3 m 3 / h ozone air can be estimated, so that there is actually a flow velocity of about 2 m / for the water-ozone air flow in the mixing spiral 9 defined above. s determined. Because of this comparatively high flow velocity, the internal pressure and the forced deflections in the spiral windings, high turbulence and the desired finest occur
  • a pool water volume of 600 to 800 m 3 can be properly conditioned by the method according to the invention if one - realistically - requires circulation intervals of about 5 to 7 hours for the entire pool water.
  • the chlorine savings are then up to 70% or more of the chlorine consumption of the pure chlorination technology, which is also accompanied by an improvement in the quality of the bathing water.
  • several ozonizers with a capacity of 1.2 g / h would be required, which can be used in series or in series.
  • the rate of killing is not dependent on the amount of free chlorine at a given pH value, but is determined by the level of the redox potential at the respective pH value.
  • the level of the potential depends on the concentration ratio of oxidizing agent (e.g. chlorine) to reducing agent (e.g. impurities).
  • oxidizing agent e.g. chlorine
  • reducing agent e.g. impurities.
  • the redox potential that is present in a chlorinated water is an exact measure of the oxidizing and disinfecting effect of the existing one
  • Disinfectant taking into account the current contamination of the water and is included in the measurement.
  • the same chlorine content can, for example, give a water a low or a high redox potential.
  • the decisive factor is always the concentration of the impurities in the water. This also means that the more impurities are removed from the bathing water, for example by flocculation and filtration, the better the disinfecting effect of the chlorine and the less chlorine is consumed in the pool water due to the consumption of free chlorine with the formation of "bound chlorine" Form of chloramines from, in particular, decomposition products of the urea (introduced, among other things, by sweat and urine of the bathers).
  • ozone has a flocculating effect and oxidatively degrades organic pollutants in the water, so that the use of ozone can also reduce those water impurities which lead to chloramine formation, which can both reduce the use of chlorine and increase the quality of bathing water.
  • the pool or bath water should have a concentration of free chlorine between 0.3 and 1 for a reliable disinfection effect and for an acceptable water quality 0.6 g / m 3 , of bound chlorine of maximum 0.5 g / m 3 and a redox potential of at least 700 to 770 mV (depending on the pH value of the bathing water and the type of reference electrode used).
  • the other data listed in Table 1 have already been explained earlier.
  • the specified guide values refer to fresh water; for other waters, such as sea water or thermal water, there are comparatively small deviations.
  • Table 2 shows some operating and consumption data for three German baths operated in accordance with D IN 19 643, the bath water of baths 1 and 2 containing only chlorine gas and bath 3 according to conventional ozonation chlorination -Technology be processed.
  • Table 2 gives an impression of the practical consumption of chemicals, which is given in absolute terms as well as the consumption per hour of opening and standardized to the total pool volume. The values are averages. Consumption peaks with full bath utilization or chemical consumption outside the opening times (for example for water conditioning for the next day including a possible shock chlorination over
  • Tables 3 to 5 deal with the invention, in which the consumption and water data of baths in the USA are compared, the left-hand column each containing information about the originally pure chlorination operation and the right-hand column the corresponding values after the bath was changed on the ozone-assisted bath water treatment according to the invention.
  • Bath 5 is a whirlpool with a water temperature of 40oC, the water of which is not treated with elemental chlorine, but with "liquid chlorine” (as sodium hypochlorite solution).
  • a special cost factor lies in the use of agents for pH adjustment and also in expensive anti-foaming agents, since the warm, strongly whirled up water tends to form undesirable foams because of the impurities, in particular due to the increased sweating of the users.
  • the only thing that is important for ozonation is to accelerate the ozone air water flow in accordance with the flow diameter and the length of the spiral 9 in such a way that the spray or aerosol-like mixing state described occurs and the ozone air-laden partial flow of the raw water for sufficient swirling or mixing with the raw water main stream shoots into it.
  • the operating data of pools 9a and 9b were tracked and logged over a period of approximately three and a half months, the concentration of bound and free chlorine in the pool water being determined three times a day, at the beginning and at the end of bathing and at noon on every day of operation.
  • the results for the content of bound chlorine in the pool water are summarized in Table 7 according to weekly averages. These values are the two weeks before
  • a "mixing chamber" with an ascending pipe run to form a spray-like or aerosol-like mixing state of the ozone-air-water flow in the bypass 5 acting as an acceleration path does not necessarily have to be provided with a spiral 9, but rather as a swirling mixing path with vertical circulation, a tube arrangement with linear vertical and horizontal sections in principle also provides the desired formation of a spray-like or aerosol-like mixing state of the ozone-air-water flow in the bypass 5.
  • Such a frame-like circulation section in vertical planes, which acts in the same way as a spiral 9, is shown in FIG. 2 and is referred to below as a "rectangular spiral” 9 'to distinguish it from an oval-shaped spiral 9. 1, a rectangular spiral 9 'can also be used instead of a preferably oval spiral 9'.
  • Fig. 2 differs from Fig. 1 by the design of the bypass 5 and the location of the introduction of the chlorinating agent.
  • a rectangular spiral 9 ′ serves as the mixing or swirling chamber, and the chlorinating agent is introduced instead of at a location 10 after the
  • the rectangular spiral 9 ' can with respect to the pipe cross section and the length of the circulation in the vertical planes of the fluid, which initially consists of the branched raw water partial flow q and the ozone air and then additionally the gaseous or contains liquid chlorine, as dimensioned the spiral 9, to the description of which reference is made above.
  • the rectangular spiral 9 ' preferably forms only two vertical circulation or circulation planes and preferably has a height of approximately 1.25 m and a width of approximately 1 m.
  • the delivery pressure in the spiral 9 'or in the bypass 5 preferably about 1.5 to 2.5 bar above the pressure in the line 2 of the main water flow and flows through the bypass 5 at a speed of preferably about 2 to 3.5 m / s.
  • a typical inner tube diameter for a spiral 9 ' is, for example, 2.8 cm, and also for a spiral 9. If the process involves adding the chlorine agent to the mixing or
  • the pressure in the spiral 9 is then preferably also about 1.5 to 2.5 bar above the pressure in the line 2 of the main water flow and also flows through the bypass 5 at a speed of preferably 2 to 3.5 m / s.
  • the ozonizers 7 required to practice the invention operate in general rooms without special protective measures and without concerns. in connection with this it can also be pointed out that in the Federal Republic of Germany the guidelines for the use of ozone for water treatment, according to which all ozone systems for water treatment are housed in a security room have to be changed so that ozone i sato ren with
  • an ozonizer 7 for the ozone air requirement according to the invention a mixing spiral 9 or 9 'with inlet for the chlorine agent, a metering valve for the chlorine agent and an automatic control unit for the metering valve to a still handy device and control unit in a common housing accommodate what very significant advantage hot cer

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)

Abstract

L'ozonization de l'eau de bain prélevée dans le bassin (1) s'effectue de manière classique avec les quantités très élevées d'ozone comprises entre 0,5 et 1,5 g/h dans 45 à 50 l/h d'air (prétraité) pour 1 m3/h d'eau brute, et exige un réacteur d'ozonization ventilé spécial pour des temps de contact de 1,5 minute maximum et un éliminateur d'ozone agencé en aval pour réduire la teneur en ozone de l'eau à moins de 0,02 g d'ozone/m3 d'eau brute avant que celle-ci soit chlorée et réintroduite dans le bassin. Cette ozonization classique impose d'énormes investissements et des coûts d'énergie élevés. En revanche, selon l'invention, il suffit d'utiliser une quantité d'ozone de 1% à raison de 1 à 1,2 g/h d'ozone dans 700 l/h d'air (non traité) prélevés dans un ozonizateur (7) maniable de cette capacité pour 100 m3 d'eau brute. L'ozonization s'effectue sans réacteur d'ozonization ni éliminateur d'ozone, directement et sous pression dans la canalisation (2) du flux d'eau brute Q. A cet effet, on fait tourbilloner l'air contenant de l'ozone avec un flux partiel q de l'eau brute dans un courant en spiral (9) pour obtenir un mélange intime du type aérosol que l'on injecte ensuite dans le flux principal de l'eau brute. Les interphases élevées ainsi obtenues effectuent une ozonization rapide accompagnée d'une diminution de la consommation d'ozone. La conversion, facile à mettre en oeuvre des bains de piscine fonctionnant à l'origine avec du chlore pur au procédé d'ozonization-chloration ci-décrits permettent une réduction des coûts des produits chimiques pouvant atteindre 70% tout en offrant au même temps une amélioration notable de la qualité de l'eau.
PCT/DE1987/000050 1986-02-19 1987-02-13 Procede et dispositif pour traiter et desinfecter l'eau de piscines a l'aide de chlore et d'ozone WO1987005004A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE87DE8700050T DE3790094D2 (en) 1987-02-13 1987-02-13 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur aufbereitung und desinfektion von schwimm- und badebeckenwasser unter verwendung von chlor und ozon

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3605249 1986-02-19
DEP3605249.3 1986-02-19
US85334786A 1986-04-17 1986-04-17

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WO1987005004A1 true WO1987005004A1 (fr) 1987-08-27

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102674505A (zh) * 2011-03-15 2012-09-19 吉林师范大学 一种利用电芬顿反应处理有机污水的专用设备
CN111018144A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-04-17 金湖金龙祥渔业设备有限公司 一种臭氧消毒增氧一体机
CN111302534A (zh) * 2020-04-02 2020-06-19 四川锦城佳禾生态环保科技有限公司 一种区域性自来水的高效直饮处理方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3326747A (en) * 1965-05-17 1967-06-20 Sol B Wiczer Disinfecting solution and method
FR2105871A5 (en) * 1970-08-12 1972-04-28 Klueber App Wasser A Disinfecting swimming pool water - which contains ozone, by adding bromide and/or iodine
US3674216A (en) * 1970-07-02 1972-07-04 Richard L Blair Treating liquid waste effluent
AT308011B (de) * 1971-07-06 1973-06-25 Overhoff Fa Julius Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung des Badewassers in Schwimmbädern
FR2237843A1 (en) * 1973-07-18 1975-02-14 Blatter Max Bleaching and clarifying of aqueous effluent - using finely divided air with small amount of ozone and opt. chlorine
US4176061A (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-11-27 Karel Stopka Apparatus and method for treatment of fluid with ozone

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3326747A (en) * 1965-05-17 1967-06-20 Sol B Wiczer Disinfecting solution and method
US3674216A (en) * 1970-07-02 1972-07-04 Richard L Blair Treating liquid waste effluent
FR2105871A5 (en) * 1970-08-12 1972-04-28 Klueber App Wasser A Disinfecting swimming pool water - which contains ozone, by adding bromide and/or iodine
AT308011B (de) * 1971-07-06 1973-06-25 Overhoff Fa Julius Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung des Badewassers in Schwimmbädern
FR2237843A1 (en) * 1973-07-18 1975-02-14 Blatter Max Bleaching and clarifying of aqueous effluent - using finely divided air with small amount of ozone and opt. chlorine
US4176061A (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-11-27 Karel Stopka Apparatus and method for treatment of fluid with ozone

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102674505A (zh) * 2011-03-15 2012-09-19 吉林师范大学 一种利用电芬顿反应处理有机污水的专用设备
CN102674505B (zh) * 2011-03-15 2013-09-11 吉林师范大学 一种利用电芬顿反应处理有机污水的专用设备
CN111018144A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-04-17 金湖金龙祥渔业设备有限公司 一种臭氧消毒增氧一体机
CN111302534A (zh) * 2020-04-02 2020-06-19 四川锦城佳禾生态环保科技有限公司 一种区域性自来水的高效直饮处理方法

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