Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
  • H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
  • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
  • H01M4/76—Containers for holding the active material, e.g. tubes, capsules
  • H01M4/765—Tubular type or pencil type electrodes; tubular or multitubular sheaths or covers of insulating material for said tubular-type electrodes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
  • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical cell and to such a cell having at least one such electrode.
• the power of the cell increases with an increase in the contact surface between the electrolyte and the electrode.
• One step towards such a power increase has been the development of particulate active materials (paste), e.g. in lead-acid cells.
• the contact surface of the compact frame and current collector supporting the active material has been increased by means of grooves provided therein for such power-increasing purposes.
• Such electrodes provided with a compact frame are necessarily heavy. It has been possible to reduce the weight by using a grid or expanded mesh as carrier for the active material and as current collector. However, also such a grid will considerably add to the weight of the cell.
• the plate electrodes require special separators and have a tendency to crumble, i.e. release particles of active material. This has been counteracted by designing the electrode separator as a pocket for the electrode plate.
• the active material is contained in macroporous tubes or hoses of e.g. braided glass or synthetic fibres, cf. e.g. US-A-4,537,842.
• Such tubes or hoses can be manufactured with an inner diameter of only down to about 4 mm. Further, by the macroporosity of the hoses, portions of enclosed active material may leave the hose especially when the active material is swelling during charge/discharge. Also, the hoses often burst during such swelling.
• the solid active electrode material is enclosed in hollow fibres which have microporous peripheral walls permeable to electro ⁇ lyte (ions) and which both support the active material and serve as electrode separator.
• ions electro ⁇ lyte
• Several thousands of such hollow fibres may exist in one electrode. 5 Suitable hollow fibres consist of thermoplastic and are known from the ultrafiltration technique. Such plastic hollow fibres have the advantage of being light and elastic or at least yieldable, which means that the fibres can yield to the swelling of active
• the invention is applicable to both negative and positive electrodes with solid active electrode material and to all types of electrochemical cells operating at moderate temperatures, both primary and
• the hollow fibre material is so selected that, it is resistant to the electrolyte (e.g. poly- suLf ne for acid electrolyte and polyamide for alkaline electrolyte).
• electrolyte e.g. poly- suLf ne for acid electrolyte and polyamide for alkaline electrolyte.
• 25 fibres such as inner diameter, wall thickness, pore diameter and porosity, can easily be adapted by the expert to the active material to be enclosed in the hollow fibres and to the reaction environment in the cell. It is contemplated that the diameter suitably
• the hollow fibres may have a cross-sectional shape other than circular.
• This embodiment relates to a lead-acid cell.
• One electrode comprises a bundle A of a plurality of hollow fibres 1 filled with lead dioxide powder.
• Another electrode comprises another bundle B of a plurality of elastic hollow fibres 2 which are per- meable to electrolyte (sulfuric acid) and filled with spongy lead.
• One end 1* of the hollow fibres 1 is sealed, like one end 2 1 of the fibres 2.
• the bundles A and B are so assembled that their hollow fibres engage in between each other with the ends 1 ' and 2' facing away from each other.
• the other ends 1" and 2" of the hollow fibres 1 and 2, respectively, are interconnected, respectively, by means of a lead body 3 and 4 in electrically conducting contact with the active material (lead dioxide and spongy lead) in the hollow fibres 1, 2 of the respective bundle.
• the bodies 3 and 4 form the poles of a cell which is completed by a vessel 5 containing sulfuric acid.
• the vessel is sealed around the poles in a suitable manner.
• the hollow fibres 1 and 2 are commercially available, acid-proof polysulfone hollow fibres of ultrafiltration grade with a dia ⁇ meter of 200 ⁇ m and a wall thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
• the filling of the hollow fibres in the electrode with active material can be so carried out that a slurry of active material or precursor therefor is pressed by means of a pump into the hollow fibres assembled into a bundle, through first, open ends thereof.
• the opposite ends of the hollow fibres are closed at this stage, e.g. by fusing.
• the fibre lumina are then graudally filled with active material while the slurry liquid will leave through the pores of the fibres.
• the open end of the bundle is dipped in molten lead to form a pole.
• the pole may consist of a bus-bar which is connected to thin metal wires (current collector) each inserted in a hollow fibre. Titanium wires are here mentioned as an option for a lead-acid cell.
• the hollow fibres 1 of the bundle A are disposed so as to alternate with the hollow fibres 2 of the bundle B, this being of course not an absolute requirement. Because of the plurality of hollow fibres in the bundles A and B, such accuracy for assembling the bundles A and B is not necessary.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20361239

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1985
  • 1985-08-30 SE SE8504036A patent/SE460319B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1986
  • 1986-08-29 US US07/049,108 patent/US4788114A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1986-08-29 DE DE8686905472T patent/DE3664023D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1986-08-29 JP JP61504782A patent/JPS63500835A/ja active Pending
  • 1986-08-29 EP EP86905472A patent/EP0235245B1/en not_active Expired
  • 1986-08-29 CA CA000517166A patent/CA1271518A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1986-08-29 WO PCT/SE1986/000384 patent/WO1987001516A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1986-08-29 AU AU62896/86A patent/AU6289686A/en not_active Abandoned
• 1987
  • 1987-04-29 DK DK218987A patent/DK167041B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (5)

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