USRE8675E - Improvement in skylights - Google Patents

Description

GQHAYESq Skylight.

. Reissued April 15, I879.

wimsses.

. U TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' GEORGE HAYES, or nEw ro-EK. N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN SKYLIGHTS.

Specification forming To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that l, GEORGE HAYES, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have inven ted certain new and useful Improvements in Skylights'app'licable t0 conservatories and other structures, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention has for its-object lightness combined with strength, as well as to eli'ectu- V ally provide a-gainstleakage andthe drifting of snow into or beneath the structure.

My invention consists of a combination of.

. a vertical inside plate with the hollow bar or 'rafter of a'metallicskylight or glazed roof.

The said plate I designate a stay-plate, and

"it serves to give great strength without add; ing materially to theweightof-the rafter. It

nlsoserves to facilitate bracing of the gutters of said rafters, and by that means great stitfness'is obtained.

It further consists of (in combination with the metallic bars of skylight or glazed roofs) a lower V or other suitably shaped sheet-metal,

molding, properly secured to the rafter or bar and inside'plate, and so connected to the gutters of the rafter as to constitute a brace to' '1 prevent their closing together, or aclamp to prevent their spreading, or both, whereby great stiffness is obtained, (in sheet-metal construction,) combined with lightness.

It further consists of the novel construction of a hollow transom, step, or rabbet at the base ofskylight, &c., back of the base-gutter,

the same having at the bottom end of each of the gutters of the rafters an opening admitting the water from said gutters to the interior th ereof, and being provided with openings (one or more) at proper location between said raftcrs, so as not to be opposite the aforesaid openings from gutters ot' rafters, and in such men- ,ncr as will permit the-water to escape in an indirect manner from the structure and prevent snow, rain, dust, &c;, from beating in. It further consists of a novel construction of end clip, wliich is provided with corrugations to constitute gutters, permitting n atly escape of water from upper surface of glass plates.

[this end clip also forms a stop or support for? .the bottom edges of glass plates, and is provided with openings corresponding with cscape-openings of the hereinbet'ore mentioned transom or rabbet, and is riveted or properly secured thereto.

The indirect arrangement or combination of escape-openings from bar-gutters into interior of transom, thence out, breaking joint-coprovent wind beating in, &c., is an important part.

of my invention;

At the upper part ofthe skylight, against the ridge connected thereto I have a flange reaching downward and outward at a proper part of Letters Patent No. 106,157, dated August 9, 1870 Reissue No. 8.675, dated April 15, 1879; application filed January 21," N79.

slope to cover upper edge of glass plates, and

beneath the same I construct a 'rabbet ,with proper slope also,upoii which the glass rests. This rabbet, with the aforesaid covering-plate,

is situated so that ,the glass sits between them" perfectly as in'a groove, and is thus arranged tight and leakage prevented Y In the accompanying drawings, Figure'l' represents a vertical section of -theo ne-ha lf of a conservatory or skylight root" containing my improvements 5 Fig. 2, a section taken in' a crosswise-direction to Fig. 1, through the line w or. Fig. 3-is afront or side view ofan end clip at foot of the roof detached.

Like letters refer to like parts.

A A represent the hollow metallic rafters of the skylight or roof, varying in length, size and number, according to the area designed to be covered, and serving, in connection with cross-beams or transoms, to form a mainframe.

These rafters arceaeh com'p'os'ed'of a sheet metal body, a, bent to form rabbets b b, for

support of the panes or sheets of glass 0., and

guttcrsc c, for the escape of water, should a leakage occur, or from other cause. Inside said baro'r rafter I use an internal or stay plate,1'ilacetl vertically or ed gcwisc, egteuding upwardfcntcring ridge of rafter, and" downward'un'tiliit reaches a lower V or other suit-v ably-shap'ed molding, 11, forming a bottom cap or covering and giving a finish to the rafter. This cap or molding (1 extends outward and npward,'so that its extreme edges are attached to or connected with outside edges of gutters c c. I also attach the said cap d to the inside stay-platc, which I have marked 0, by suitable bolts or rivets c. .When thus secured it serves to form a. brace to 'prevent gutters c c from bendiugor being pressed inward, and also a clamp to prevent said gutters e c from bending or being pressed out ward, serving" materially to stiflen the rafter,

adding great strength without adding excess of weight, and by increasing the.thickness of stay-plate 'a greater strength may be added, It I desired, without increasing the shell or body of rafter.

The glass'C lies on the .rabbetsh b of rafters,

' and I protect its edges and cover the joining- I by sheet-metal caps, whic-l1,as shown at D, may

be of saddle or inverted shape, to better brace or stiffen the upper oint of rafter that it is seated on and suitably secured to;

The cross-beams or transoms E have got .ters 0, connecting. with gutters c c of rafters,

to carryoff the waterformedby condensation or leakage. The saidtransom is hollow,.a nd provided with openings at f f, which are at the Jottom end'ofguttersc a of rafters,and through 7 nside face or wall-of transom ,and in or through its outside wall or, face, I-provide other openings, as many as desirable, but at a proper location intermediate or more centrally, so as not to be opposite. to openings ff, about as shown by dotted circles g g g, Fig. 2. In' this view the spectator is supposedito be looking against the inner face of frame F, which forms the base of the structure; also, basc gu'tter O and a part of transom E being seen, the rafters, glass, &c., being shown in section. Atf f,

same figure, may be seen the outletsby which water escapes from gutters c' c of rafters, and

at g g' g dotted openings show position of outlets leading from transom E outwardly beyond the structure. The openings g would not be visible in this view, as they occur in theouter wall of transom; amlthisview looks toward its interior or insi-le wall, in which do occur the. apertures f, leading from bar-gutters c c.

f The top of transom forms a. rabbet or ledge,

upon which rests the lower edge of. glass plates.

. Instead of making the outlets for escaping. water in a direct line to or over the frame F, that lies over the usual curbing, which would.

allow drifting in of snow, &c., I cause the water' from bar and base gutters to escape by end outlets, f f, under cover of the hollow transom E or rabbet, and finally to pass oft by apertures g,madeiutermediatcly of t-helatter in the front thereof,and also through or under-end clip, G, at the foot of roof, whicharrangement;

efl'ectually provides against the beating in of snow, rain, dust, &c. The outlets ff may be covered .by strainers, if desired. i i

The end clip, G, 1 make of angular form in its transverse. section, to cover lower edge of glass,.and to overlap the front face of transom E, and I provide corrugations h h therein, which not oniy give strength to the clip, but constitute gutters for waterto run oft from theglass.-

-At the upper part of theskylight'or roof I show aridge-plate, B, which may form awall of Ventilator, and to its front I'attach a flange to cover upper edge of'glass' plates, and be neath the. same Iattach apiece of sheet metal bent-tp a... a m m, upon which the glass. rests. {Between this and aforesaid' flan'gea'r grooveie formed, into ,which'f'thie lass =is fitted securely and the joint rend tight A gutter'attliis point may be'used,if desired,

1 In combination withgthe rafters or' bars of a sheet-metal. skylight, &c.,- formed. es'srrftially as shown, and having high ridgemvcr'r tical inside plate, (2, secured thereiniud'epend ently or the cap, substantially as shownand desrihed. V

In combination with a skylighflbarzor rafter, formed'essentially as snqwqanuatie in g a vertical internal plate, e,the lowe'rM-cap' or other suitably-shaped v.sheeli-nre'tnl -"rnoiding (1, secured by rivets, bolts, &c.,'as'sho.wn

in Fig. 1, and constituted to ram-gems or clamp, whereby the lower portions'ofbaror 1- gutters c e are held firmly, and p'rerentedlfro m either closing. orspreading,snbstintially as specified.

.3. Theyhollow transom step,or ra;bbct E, havingat the bottom-end oi each gutter'cc ofthe' skylight-bars an opening, f, thronghits' faeegby 1 means of whichwaterpassesfitom.gntterlgveto interior of'transo'm or stcp,and.iiavingatproper locations intermedia f -etli-at is to? Sly-5mm centrally-Antwanthe hairs or rafterssrfltable outlets g, by means orwhicnsaid c n-sms of water can pass and escapeY'oni-the structure .in an indirect manner, snbstantial-iyas shm 4.. The clip G, formed with corrugationsor grooves h, made toconstituteg'utters, arranged and applied relatively to the'npper surface of the glass, essentially.as described.

5. The combination of, clip G with transom, step, or rabbet E, connected by bolts or rivets, &c., essentially as shown whereby a supportand stop for the bottom edges of the -glass plates is obtained, the clip Ghavingfgains,

nicks, or cuts 9, corresponding and combining with apertures gof the 'transomor st stantially asshown and described;

6-. In the. base or base-frameot' a metaliic skylight, the combination of out let-aperture'sf and g, arranged tobreakjoint,as itw ere,or form an indirectescape for the water accumulating inv the bargatterse c and basegutter G,'with-'- out permitting. .the .passageinward of'w'ind dust, rain ,SDOW, &c. ,sflhstzititially as describe -andsetforth. .7. In combination with the plate B, forming the, wall of the ventilator orridge, a flange and a rabhet or led ge'forined thereon,-and together arranged to format groove, snbstaii tially asshown and described.

- GEORGE HAYES. In presence of- GEORGE A. Barns, ELIZABETH Horxuis.

o as my inyention,"and desire W to secure by LQUQIQBQtBIIF OftlielIInited

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