US9412057B2 - Electronic device, method of displaying two-dimensional code, and recording medium with program recorded thereon - Google Patents

Electronic device, method of displaying two-dimensional code, and recording medium with program recorded thereon Download PDF

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US9412057B2
US9412057B2 US14/854,841 US201514854841A US9412057B2 US 9412057 B2 US9412057 B2 US 9412057B2 US 201514854841 A US201514854841 A US 201514854841A US 9412057 B2 US9412057 B2 US 9412057B2
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dimensional code
display unit
masking operation
mask pattern
displaying
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US20160140430A1 (en
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Saburo KAMITANI
Manato Ono
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Casio Computer Co Ltd
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Casio Computer Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046—Constructional details
    • G06K19/06112—Constructional details the marking being simulated using a light source, e.g. a barcode shown on a display or a laser beam with time-varying intensity profile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/02—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general manually operated with input through keyboard and computation using a built-in program, e.g. pocket calculators
    • G06F15/0225—User interface arrangements, e.g. keyboard, display; Interfaces to other computer systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06037—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking multi-dimensional coding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electronic devices displaying two-dimensional codes, methods of displaying two-dimensional codes, and recording media with programs recorded thereon.
  • QR code registered trademark
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2011-76540 discloses a technique for readily transferring text data edited in a document editor to another electronic device by encoding the text data into a two-dimensional code, displaying the code, capturing the code into, for example, a smartphone, cellular phone, or tablet computer having an imaging function, and uploading the captured data to a predetermined website or transferring the captured data to a personal computer through Internet mail.
  • the two-dimensional code In display of a two-dimensional code, if the encoding region, that is, a region other than function patterns, such as a position detection pattern and a timing pattern, of the two-dimensional code has a significantly large number of bright or dark modules or has a pattern similar to, for example, the position detection pattern, the two-dimensional code cannot be properly captured by imaging it with, for example, a smartphone having an imaging function in some cases.
  • the encoding region that is, a region other than function patterns, such as a position detection pattern and a timing pattern
  • a masking operation is performed with an optimum mask pattern for uniformizing the bright and dark modules, selected among eight mask patterns prepared for the QR code, to generate a two-dimensional code.
  • an electronic device such as a scientific calculator with a central processing unit (CPU) not having particularly high throughput, takes a considerable time for the masking operations with the eight mask patterns. This increases the time for the user to image the two-dimensional code with a code reader, such as a smartphone with an imaging function, which makes the user feel that the electronic device is inconvenient.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • Encoding tabular data used in a statistical computation or a table computation using a spreadsheet may generate multiple two-dimensional codes. Since each of the two-dimensional codes involves masking operations with the eight mask patterns, the situation becomes more critical.
  • an electronic device including: a display unit which displays data and at least one two-dimensional code; and a processor; wherein the processor performs: an encoding process of encoding the data being displayed on the display unit into the two-dimensional code; a two-dimensional code displaying process of performing a first masking operation to the two-dimensional code obtained by the encoding process with a first mask pattern and displaying the two-dimensional code having been subjected to the first masking operation on the display unit; and a two-dimensional code changing process of performing a second masking operation to the two-dimensional code obtained by the encoding process with a second mask pattern, and displaying the two-dimensional code having been subjected to the second masking operation instead of the two-dimensional code having been subjected to the first masking operation on the display unit, when a user operation is executed while the two-dimensional code having been subjected to the first masking operation is displayed on the display unit.
  • the present invention can promptly display a two-dimensional code readable by a code reader even if an electronic device does not have particularly high CPU performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a scientific calculator as an example electronic device
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the internal configuration of the scientific calculator
  • FIG. 3 is flowchart describing the steps of the basic operation of the scientific calculator
  • FIG. 4A illustrates an example mathematical expression appearing on the display unit
  • FIG. 4B illustrates an example two-dimensional code displayed by encoding the mathematical expression
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart describing the steps of a two-dimensional code displaying process of the scientific calculator
  • FIG. 6 illustrates operations and example display on the display unit in the two-dimensional code displaying process
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart describing the steps of Modification 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart describing the steps of Modification 2.
  • the electronic device is a scientific calculator.
  • the present invention can also be applied to any electronic device capable of displaying a two-dimensional code on a display unit.
  • the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the illustrated examples.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a scientific calculator 1 .
  • the scientific calculator 1 includes an input key group 2 consisting of various keys, and a display unit 10 .
  • the input key group 2 receives user operations for inputting numerical values and elements in mathematical expressions, such as mathematical symbols, and operations for commanding various processes and includes multiple keys with specific functions.
  • the input key group 2 includes numeric keys 20 , a cursor key 21 , an AC key 22 , a CODE key 23 , and a SHIFT key 24 .
  • the numeric keys 20 receive operations for inputting numerical values.
  • the cursor key 21 is pressed to move a cursor indicating a position to be edited or selected on the display unit 10 in a predetermined direction.
  • the cursor key 21 receives input in four, up, down, left, and right, directions.
  • the AC key 22 is pressed to completely clear, for example, a computation having been done until that time.
  • pressing the AC key 22 with the display unit 10 displaying a two-dimensional code cancels the display of the two-dimensional code and returns the display unit 10 to an original state.
  • the CODE key 23 is pressed to encode the data being displayed on the display unit 10 into a two-dimensional code and display the code.
  • pressing the CODE key 23 with the display unit 10 displaying a two-dimensional code cancels the display of the two-dimensional code in the same manner as the AC key 22 .
  • pressing the SHIFT key 24 and then the position “ ⁇ ” or “ ⁇ ” of the cursor key 21 switches a mask pattern to be used for masking a two-dimensional code. This will be described later.
  • the display unit 10 is composed of, for example, a reflective simple-matrix liquid crystal display and displays various data, such as characters, signs, symbols, expressions, and the computed results, and a two-dimensional code, such as a QR code, with multiple dots.
  • the display unit 10 may be provided with a touch panel over the entire display screen.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the internal configuration of the scientific calculator 1 .
  • the scientific calculator 1 includes a CPU 11 , a display drive unit 12 , a key input unit 13 , a communication unit 14 , a recording medium reading unit 15 , and a storage unit 16 .
  • the display drive unit 12 controls the display of various pieces of information on the display unit 10 in accordance with control from the CPU 11 .
  • the display drive unit 12 adjusts the contrast ratio of the display on the display unit 10 through a key operation by the user.
  • a variation in applied voltage leads to variations in reflectance of a lighting (black) portion and a non-lighting (white) portion and thus a variation in the ratio of the reflectance of the white portion to the reflectance of the black portion, that is, a contrast ratio.
  • the display drive unit 12 varies the value of a voltage applied to liquid crystals to vary the contrast ratio.
  • the key input unit 13 includes the input key group 2 and the optional touch panel and outputs a key input signal corresponding to a key operated by the user to the CPU 11 .
  • the CPU 11 displays a mathematical expression and/or tabular data on the display unit 10 , executes a computation, or performs a process.
  • the scientific calculator 1 can be connected to, for example, a network (not shown), so that the communication unit 14 communicates, through the network, with an external device, such as a server and a computer, connected to the network.
  • a network not shown
  • an external device such as a server and a computer
  • the recording medium reading unit 15 reads information from an external information recording medium 15 A mounted detachably, such as a USB memory.
  • a program (described later) of the present invention may be read from the external information recording medium 15 A through the recording medium reading unit 15 .
  • the program of the present invention may be read from the scientific calculator 1 to the external information recording medium 15 A.
  • the storage unit 16 is memory that stores programs, etc.
  • the storage unit 16 includes several storage areas, for example, a storage area 160 storing a program for executing the functions of the scientific calculator 1 , especially a program of the present invention for encoding tabular data into a proper two-dimensional code and storage areas 161 and 162 storing first and second mask patterns (described later), respectively.
  • the first and second mask patterns are preliminary selected and stored from, for example, the eight standardized mask patterns.
  • the storage unit 16 includes a work area (not shown) for temporarily storing a mathematical expression or tabular data displayed on the display unit 10 .
  • the CPU 11 comprehensively controls the individual units of the scientific calculator 1 .
  • the CPU 11 reads a program specified among system programs and various application programs stored in the respective areas of the storage unit 16 , develops the program into the work area of the storage unit 16 , and executes a process of interest in cooperation with the program developed in the storage unit 16 .
  • the CPU 11 controls the display drive unit 12 such that a required item appears on the display unit 10 .
  • Step S 1 When the scientific calculator 1 is turned on (Step S 1 ) for use, the CPU 11 of the scientific calculator 1 controls the individual operational units to perform predetermined initial operations and starts a computation (Step S 2 ). If receiving no code display command from the user (Step S 3 : NO), the CPU 11 performs a normal operation in response to a key operation by the user (Step S 4 ) and displays a mathematical expression, characters, and computed results on the display unit 10 on the basis of the normal operation (Step S 5 ).
  • the CPU 11 encodes the data, such as a mathematical expression (See FIG. 4A ), appearing on the display unit 10 into a two-dimensional code and displays the code (See FIG. 4B ).
  • the scientific calculator 1 thus encodes the data and displays the code on the display unit 10 with a single touch (a press of the CODE key 23 ).
  • Step S 6 determines whether the data being displayed on the display unit 10 is encodable. If determining that the data is not encodable (Step S 6 : NO), the CPU 11 displays an error message saying, for example, “Not encodable into a two-dimensional code” (Step S 7 ) and returns to the normal operation (Step S 4 ).
  • Step S 6 If determining that the displayed data is encodable (Step S 6 : YES), the CPU 11 encodes the displayed data into a two-dimensional code (Step S 8 ). The CPU 11 then performs a two-dimensional code displaying process including the masking operation to display the two-dimensional code on the display unit 10 as shown in FIG. 4B (Step S 9 ).
  • the two-dimensional code displaying process will be described later. Only one two-dimensional code appears on the display unit 10 in FIG. 4(B) ; however, encoding a large amount of tabular data generates multiple two-dimensional codes. In this case, the multiple two-dimensional codes sequentially appears on the display unit 10 .
  • the user reads the displayed two-dimensional code with a reader, such as a smartphone with an imaging function, and the reader performs a series of operations including the display of the graph corresponding to the read mathematical expression on the smartphone screen.
  • a reader such as a smartphone with an imaging function
  • the CPU 11 cancels the display of the two-dimensional code on the display unit 10 .
  • This returns the display on the display unit 10 to a state immediately before the display of the two-dimensional code, and the process returns to the normal computation (Step S 2 ).
  • Step S 9 in FIG. 3 The two-dimensional code displaying process (Step S 9 in FIG. 3 ) will now be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. 5 and the screen flowchart in FIG. 6 .
  • the tabular data at the left part of FIG. 6 is encoded, and nine two-dimensional codes are generated.
  • the two-dimensional code before the masking operation may be referred to as an original two-dimensional code in the following description.
  • Step S 8 of the flowchart in FIG. 3 the CPU 11 encodes the tabular data at the left part of FIG. 6 to generate nine original two-dimensional codes.
  • the CPU 11 then performs the two-dimensional code displaying process (Step S 9 in FIG. 3 ).
  • the CPU 11 retrieves the data on the bit pattern of the first two-dimensional code to be displayed first among the nine original two-dimensional codes to be displayed (Step S 11 in FIG. 5 ).
  • the CPU 11 reads the first mask pattern stored in the storage area 161 (See FIG. 2 ) of the storage unit 16 and performs the masking operation to the first two-dimensional code with the first mask pattern (Step S 12 ). In other words, the CPU 11 takes the exclusive logical sum (XOR) of the bit pattern of the encoding region of the first two-dimensional code and the first mask pattern to generate a new masked two-dimensional code.
  • XOR exclusive logical sum
  • the two-dimensional code after the masking operation appears on the display unit 10 (Step S 13 ). (See the two-dimensional code at the uppermost central part of FIG. 6 .)
  • the user reads the two-dimensional code appearing on the display unit 10 with the reader, such as a smartphone.
  • the reader such as a smartphone.
  • a press of the position “ ⁇ ” of the cursor key 21 by the user increases the contrast ratio of the displayed two-dimensional code
  • a press of the position “ ⁇ ” of the cursor key 21 decreases the contrast ratio (not shown in FIG. 6 ).
  • the user varies the contrast ratio by a press of the position “ ⁇ ” or “ ⁇ ” of the cursor key 21 and reads the code again with the reader.
  • Step S 14 if the CPU 11 detects that the user presses the position “ ⁇ ” or “ ⁇ ” of the cursor key 21 (Step S 14 : NO, Step S 15 : YES), the display drive unit 12 (See FIG. 2 ) then varies the voltage to be applied to the display unit 10 in accordance with the pressed key to increase or decrease the contrast ratio of the two-dimensional code (Step S 16 ).
  • the CPU 11 displays the two-dimensional code with the varied contrast ratio on the display unit 10 (Step S 13 ).
  • Step S 17 the CPU 11 reads the second mask pattern stored in the storage area 162 of the storage unit 16 and switches the mask pattern used for the masking operation from the first mask pattern to another mask pattern, the second mask pattern (See the right part of FIG. 6 ).
  • the CPU 11 performs the masking operation to the original two-dimensional code with the second mask pattern (Step S 18 ), and displays the two-dimensional code masked with the second mask pattern on the display unit 10 (Step S 13 ).
  • a predetermined user operation that is, the press of the SHIFT key and the position “ ⁇ ” during display of the two-dimensional code masked with the first mask pattern on the display unit 10 causes the CPU 11 to switch the mask pattern to another mask pattern, the second mask pattern, to perform the masking operation to the original two-dimensional code, and to display the code again on the display unit 10 .
  • Step S 17 YES
  • the two mask patterns are preliminarily selected among the eight standardized mask patterns, such that the bit patterns of the encoding regions of the two-dimensional codes after the masking operations with these mask patterns have significantly different characteristics from each other.
  • the mask patterns are preliminarily stored in the respective storage areas 161 and 162 of the storage unit 16 as the first and second mask patterns at the time of the manufacture of the electronic device.
  • Step S 12 The two-dimensional code generated first (Step S 12 ), two-dimensional code having the varied contrast ratio (Step S 16 ), or two-dimensional code masked with the switched mask pattern (Step S 18 ) appears on the display unit 10 (Step S 13 ), and the user reads the code with the reader. If the user then presses the position “ ⁇ ” of the cursor key 21 (Step S 14 : YES), it is determined whether the subsequent original two-dimensional code not subjected to the displaying process yet is present (Step S 19 ).
  • Step S 19 YES
  • the second two-dimensional code is subsequently processed. If only one two-dimensional code is generated and thus there is no subsequent two-dimensional code as shown in FIG. 4B (Step S 19 : NO), the CPU 11 ends the displaying process to the two-dimensional code.
  • Step S 19 the CPU 11 retrieves the data on the bit pattern of the subsequent two-dimensional code (in this case, the second two-dimensional code) (Step S 20 ) and repeats the process, starting with the masking operation with the first mask pattern (Step S 12 ).
  • the CPU 11 switches these two-dimensional codes one by one and performs the masking operation.
  • the CPU 11 starts with a masking operation with one mask pattern (the first mask pattern) of the one mask pattern (the first mask pattern) and the other mask pattern (the second mask pattern).
  • This configuration eliminates the process to store the mask pattern, i.e., the first or second mask pattern, used last in the masking operation to the previous two-dimensional code, facilitating the program construction.
  • the CPU 11 sequentially performs the masking operation and the displaying process to the original two-dimensional code at each press of the position “ ⁇ ”.
  • the CPU 11 starts with the masking operation to the two-dimensional code using the first mask pattern (See Step S 12 ).
  • the CPU 11 may start with the masking operation using the mask pattern used last in the masking operation to the previous two-dimensional code when the CPU 11 performs the process to the subsequent two-dimensional code (Step S 19 : YES). That is, if the second mask pattern is used last in the masking operation to the previous two-dimensional code, the masking operation to the subsequent two-dimensional code may be performed using the second mask pattern.
  • Step S 10 in FIG. 3 YES
  • the CPU 11 returns to the display of the tabular data on the display unit 10 , for example, as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the masking operation to the two-dimensional code is performed with one mask pattern (the first mask pattern) or another mask pattern (the second mask pattern) switched from the first mask pattern as required. This enables the CPU 11 without particularly high throughput to promptly perform the masking operation to the two-dimensional code.
  • a press of the position “ ⁇ ” may return the display of the previous two-dimensional code, for example, from “2/9” to “1/9”.
  • the first mask pattern is used to process the subsequent two-dimensional code.
  • the second mask pattern should be used first in the masking operation, instead of fixing the first mask pattern as the mask pattern to be applied first.
  • the CPU 11 counts the number of processes with the second mask pattern. When the number reaches a predetermined value, the CPU 11 switches the mask pattern to be used first in the masking operation between the first mask pattern (one mask pattern) and the second mask pattern (the other mask pattern). This process will now be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. 7 . The same steps in the flowcharts in FIG. 7 and FIG. 5 have the same step numbers.
  • Step S 14 determines whether the second mask pattern is used in the current masking operation (Step S 21 ).
  • Step S 21 If the second mask pattern is used (Step S 21 : YES), the counter value n is incremented by one (Step S 22 ).
  • the counter value n indicates the number of times that the reader can read the two-dimensional code having been subjected to the masking operation with the second mask pattern.
  • the CPU 11 determines whether the counter value n reaches a predetermined value, for example, 2. If the value n reaches the predetermined value (Step S 23 : YES), the CPU 11 switches between the first and second mask patterns stored in the respective storage areas 161 and 162 of the storage unit 16 (Step S 24 ). This indicates that the mask pattern to be used first in the masking operation to display the subsequent two-dimensional code is switched from the first mask pattern to the second mask pattern.
  • a predetermined value for example, 2. If the value n reaches the predetermined value (Step S 23 : YES), the CPU 11 switches between the first and second mask patterns stored in the respective storage areas 161 and 162 of the storage unit 16 (Step S 24 ). This indicates that the mask pattern to be used first in the masking operation to display the subsequent two-dimensional code is switched from the first mask pattern to the second mask pattern.
  • the scientific calculator 1 (electronic device) preliminarily stores two mask patterns in the storage unit 16 , and performs the masking operation while switching the patterns.
  • a smartphone cannot properly capture the two-dimensional code in some cases despite a masking operation with any of the first and second mask patterns preliminarily stored in the storage unit 16 .
  • the scientific calculator 1 preliminarily stores multiple pairs of two mask patterns in the storage unit 16 .
  • four pairs are each formed by combining two mask patterns among the eight mask pattern, such that the bit patterns of the encoding regions of the two-dimensional codes after the masking operation with these mask patterns have significantly different characteristics from each other.
  • the pairs are preliminarily stored in the storage unit 16 .
  • Step S 17 If the user performs a predetermined operation, that is, the press of the SHIFT key 24 and the position “ ⁇ ” of the cursor key 21 (Step S 17 : YES), the mask pattern to be used is switched to another mask pattern, and then the masking operation is performed (Step S 18 ). The counter value n is then incremented by one (Step S 25 ). If the reader cannot read the displayed two-dimensional code, the user switches the mask pattern and reads the code. Thus, the counter value n indicates the number of switching operations from the mask pattern.
  • Step S 26 the CPU 11 changes the first and second mask patterns stored in the respective storage areas 161 and 162 of the storage unit 16 to another pair of mask patterns (Step S 27 ).
  • the eight standardized mask patterns A to H are preliminarily stored in the storage unit 16 in the form of pairs of A and B, C and D, E and F, and G and H.
  • the CPU 11 first selects the pair of mask patterns A and B, stores the mask pattern A (the first mask pattern) in the storage area 161 of the storage unit 16 and the mask pattern B (the second mask pattern) in the storage area 162 of the storage unit 16 , and performs the masking operation and the displaying process.
  • Step S 26 if the number n of switching operations from the mask patterns reaches a predetermined value (Step S 26 : YES), the CPU 11 changes the pair of mask patterns (Step S 27 ) by selecting the pair of mask patterns C and D and stores the selected pair in the storage areas 161 and 162 of the storage unit 16 .
  • the pair of two selected mask patterns i.e., the first and second mask patterns does not allow the smartphone or the like to properly capture the two-dimensional code after the masking operation and thus the mask patterns need to be switched frequently, the pair of mask patterns is automatically changed, and the masking operation using new mask patterns is performed to the two-dimensional code.

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