US9271347B2 - TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit - Google Patents
TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US9271347B2 US9271347B2 US13/970,734 US201313970734A US9271347B2 US 9271347 B2 US9271347 B2 US 9271347B2 US 201313970734 A US201313970734 A US 201313970734A US 9271347 B2 US9271347 B2 US 9271347B2
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- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- led driver
- mos transistor
- driver circuit
- triac dimmable
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- H05B33/0815—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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- Y02B20/42—
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to Light-Emitting Diode (“LED”) driver circuits, and in particular, to TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuits.
- LED Light-Emitting Diode
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a conventional TRIAC dimmable LED driver.
- an alternating-current (AC) voltage source 101 is in series with a TRIAC dimmer 102 , and is connected to the input terminal of a diode bridge 103 .
- the diode bridge 103 rectifies the input AC voltage and generates a sinusoidal voltage on capacitor C 1 .
- Resistor R 4 and capacitor C 2 generates a DC voltage to start up the control IC 104 .
- the transformer T 1 has three windings, including a primary winding connected with capacitor C 1 and the drain of the power M 1 , a secondary winding connected with a rectifying diode D 1 and a secondary output capacitor C 4 , and an auxiliary winding connected with a supplying diode D 2 and the circuit ground.
- the auxiliary winding powers up the control IC 104 .
- the auxiliary winding provides the rectifier diode D 1 zero-crossing current information and the output over voltage information.
- the prior art usually contains a resistor divider R 2 and R 3 , which is used to detect the TRIAC phase cutting angle.
- the prior art also contains a bleeding resistor R 1 and a bleeding switch M 2 .
- the control IC 104 turns on the bleeding switch M 2 , providing enough holding current for the TRIAC dimmer.
- the bleeding resistor R 1 and bleeding switch M 2 dissipate too much power, losing the LED driver efficiency and inducing too much heat .
- the LED driver suffers from high temperature and low reliability.
- control circuit is complex, and the system cost is relatively high.
- the present invention has been developed to solve the problems of the prior art.
- the present invention provides a TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit which can eliminate the bleeder circuit and reduce system complexity and cost.
- the present invention discloses a TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit.
- An input AC voltage source is connected to a rectifier bridge and an LED load.
- the LED load is connected to an inductor or a transformer, a power MOS transistor, a low voltage MOS transistor and a current sensing resistor.
- a peak current comparator is used to compare the voltage between a current sensing resistor and a reference voltage.
- a maximum on-time timer is used to detect the on time of the low voltage MOS transistor.
- the low voltage MOS transistor When the voltage on the current sensing resistor is higher than the reference voltage or the on time of the low voltage MOS transistor reaches the preset time of the maximum on-time timer, the low voltage MOS transistor is turned off.
- one input terminal of the peak current comparator is connected to the current sensing resistor, another input terminal is connected to the reference voltage.
- the LED driver circuit includes an OR logic gate and a RS flip-flop.
- the input signal of the maximum on-time timer is connected to the output of the RS flip-flop.
- the input signal of the OR logic gate is connected to the output of the maximum on-time timer and the output of the peak current comparator.
- the output signal of the OR logic gate is connected to the reset terminal of the RS flip-flop.
- the LED driver circuit includes a first voltage sensing network, a second voltage sensing network and a demagnetization comparator.
- the input terminal of the first voltage sensing network is connected to the gate of the power MOS transistor .
- the input terminal of the second voltage sensing network is connected to the source of the power MOS transistor.
- the output of the first voltage sensing network and the second voltage sensing network are connected to the input terminals of the demagnetization comparator.
- the output of the demagnetization comparator is connected to the reset terminal of the RS flip-flop.
- the first voltage sensing network is composed of resistors and capacitors
- the second voltage sensing network is also composed of resistors and capacitors.
- the LED driver includes a switch driver.
- the input terminal of the switch driver is connected to the output of the RS flip-flop, and the output of the switch driver is connected to the gate of the low voltage MOS transistor.
- the inductor or the transformer includes at least two windings.
- the first winding is connected to the power MOS transistor, and the auxiliary winding is connected to the positive terminal of a supplying diode.
- the negative terminal of the supplying diode is connected to a supplying capacitor.
- the LED driver further includes two resistors and an over voltage protection circuit.
- the resistors are in series and are connected to the auxiliary winding of the inductor or transformer.
- the middle point of the resistors is connected to the over voltage protection circuit.
- the supplying capacitor is paralleled with a zener diode.
- the LED driver is a buck-boost TRIAC dimmable LED driver, or a buck TRIAC dimmable LED driver, or a flyback TRIAC dimmable LED driver.
- the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit eliminates the bleeder circuit and utilizes the converter input current to provide the holding current for the TRIAC dimmer. Meanwhile, the driver circuit drives the source of the power MOS transistor and greatly reduces the driving current of the power. A simple, efficient and widely compatible TRIAC dimmable LED driver is realized.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of one TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit in the prior art.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a buck-boost TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit illustrated in the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a typical waveform diagram that illustrates the operation of the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit illustrated in the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a typical waveform diagram that illustrates the dimming operation of the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit illustrated in the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a buck TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit illustrated in the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a flyback TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit illustrated in the present invention.
- the present invention discloses a TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit.
- the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit eliminates the bleeder circuit and utilizes the input current of the converter to provide the holding current for the TRIAC dimmer. Meanwhile, the driver circuit drives the source of the power MOS transistor and greatly reduces the driving current of the power. A simple, efficient and widely compatible TRIAC dimmable LED driver is realized.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit illustrated in the present invention.
- An input AC voltage source 201 provides power for the LED driver circuit.
- the AC source 201 is in series with a TRIAC dimmer 202 .
- the conduction angle of the TRIAC dimmer 202 can be adjusted, thereby the brightness of the LED lamp should vary accordingly.
- the output of the TRIAC dimmer 202 is connected to a rectifier bridge 203 .
- the rectifier bridge 203 converts the sinusoidal input AC voltage to a positive voltage signal Vbus.
- a bus capacitor C 1 is connected to the output of the rectifier bridge 203 and provides a high frequency current path for the converter.
- the first winding T 1 -P of the inductor T 1 is connected between the bus capacitor C 1 and the drain of the power MOS transistor.
- the positive terminal of a rectifying diode D 1 is connected to the drain of the power MOS transistor, and the negative terminal of the rectifying diode D 1 is connected to an output capacitor C 3 and LED load.
- the output capacitor C 3 is paralleled with the LED load and connected to Vbus.
- the inductor T 1 stores energy when the power MOS transistor M 1 is turned on. And the energy is released to the output capacitor C 3 and LED load through the rectifying diode D 1 when the power MOS transistor M 1 is turned off.
- the TRIAC dimmable LED driver utilizes a source driving scheme.
- a low voltage MOS transistor M 2 is in series with the power MOS transistor M 1 .
- the drain D of the low voltage MOS transistor M 2 is connected to the source S of the power MOS transistor M 1 .
- the power MOS transistor M 1 is also turned on.
- the power MOS transistor M 1 is also turned off.
- a supplying resistor R 1 provides the start up current for the LED driver circuit.
- One terminal of the supplying resistor R 1 is connected to Vbus, another terminal is connected to a supplying capacitor C 1 , and the other terminal of the supplying capacitor C 1 is grounded.
- the voltage signal on the supplying capacitor C 1 is VCC signal.
- the gate G of the power MOS transistor M 1 is connected to VCC.
- the source S of the power MOS transistor M 1 is connected to VCC through a feeding diode D 3 .
- the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit further includes two voltage sensing networks.
- the input of the first voltage sensing network 206 is connected to VCC, and the output of the first voltage sensing network 206 is connected to one of the input terminal of a demagnetization comparator 205 .
- the input of the second voltage sensing network 207 is connected to the source of the power MOS transistor M 1 , and the output of the second voltage sensing network 207 is connected to the other input terminal of the demagnetization comparator 205 .
- the output of the demagnetization comparator 205 is connected to the reset terminal S of a RS flip-flop 208 .
- the first voltage sensing network 206 and the second voltage sensing network 207 could be the combination of resistor and resistor, capacitor and capacitor, or resistor and capacitor.
- the source of the low voltage MOS transistor M 2 is connected to a current sensing resistor R 5 .
- the current in the current sensing resistor R 5 is same as the current in the first winding T 1 -P of the inductor T 1 .
- the voltage on the current sensing resistor R 5 is CS signal.
- the CS signal is connected to one input terminal of the current comparator 212 , the other input terminal of the current comparator 212 is connected to a reference voltage ref.
- the output of the current comparator 212 is connected to one of the input terminals of an OR logic gate 211 .
- the output Q of the RS flip-flop 208 is connected to the input terminal of a switch driver circuit 209 .
- the output of the switch driver circuit 209 is connected to the gate of the low voltage MOS transistor M 2 .
- the output Q of the RS flip-flop 208 is also connected to a maximum on-time timer 210 .
- the output of the maximum on-time timer is connected to one of the input terminals of the OR logic gate 211 .
- the output of the OR logic gate 211 is connected to the reset terminal R of the RS flip-flop 208 .
- FIG. 3 is a typical waveform diagram that illustrates the operation of the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit illustrated in the present invention.
- the power MOS transistor M 1 When the low voltage MOS transistor M 2 is turned on, the power MOS transistor M 1 is also turned on.
- the voltage across the first winding T 1 -P of the inductor T 1 is equal to Vbus.
- the current in the first winding T 1 -P increases, and the voltage on the current sensing resistor R 5 also increases.
- the switch driver circuit 209 turns off the low voltage MOS transistor M 2 at the same time the power MOS transistor M 1 is also turned off.
- the rectifying diode D 1 starts conducting current.
- the voltage across the first winding T 1 -P of the inductor T 1 is equal to the output capacitor C 3 voltage, and the current in the first winding T 1 -P decreases.
- the drain voltage of the power MOS transistor M 1 starts decreasing.
- the source voltage of the power MOS transistor M 1 also starts decreasing.
- the demagnetization comparator 205 compares the output voltage of the first voltage sensing network 206 and the second voltage sensing network 207 , and the demagnetization comparator 205 is changed high.
- the RS flip-flop 208 is set, the switch driving circuit 209 turns on the low voltage MOS transistor M 2 , and the power MOS transistor M 1 is also turned on, the next switching cycle is started.
- the maximum on-time timer 210 detects the on time of the low voltage MOS transistor M 2 .
- the maximum on-time timer 210 outputs a signal to the OR logic gate 211 , the RS flip-flop 208 is reset and the switch driver circuit 209 turns off the low voltage MOS transistor M 2 .
- the circuit works in quasi-resonant mode, when Vbus voltage is relatively high, the peak inductor current is determined by the reference voltage ref and the current sensing resistor R 5 .
- Vbus voltage is relatively low, the maximum on-time time 210 takes action, the peak inductor current is determined by the Vbus voltage and the preset on time.
- the current of the power MOS transistor M 1 is filtered by the bus capacitor C 1 , and the system input current waveform is sketched in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 4 is a typical waveform diagram that illustrates the dimming operation of the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit illustrated in the present invention.
- the conduction angle of the TRIAC dimmer 202 is adjusted.
- Vbus voltage is nearly zero, and the current in inductor T 1 is also zero.
- the LED driver delivers power to the output capacitor C 3 and the LED load. With difference conduction angle of the TRIAC dimmer 202 , the power in the LED load is adjusted, and the dimming function is achieved.
- the auxiliary winding T 1 -S of the inductor T 1 is connected to VCC through a supplying diode D 2 .
- the supplying resistor R 1 charges the supplying capacitor C 1 up, and the VCC voltage increases.
- the VCC voltage reaches a starting up threshold, the LED driver circuit starts working, and the auxiliary winding T 1 -S powers up the VCC through the supplying diode D 2 .
- the present invention further includes an over voltage protection circuit.
- Dividing resistors R 2 and R 3 is in series and connected to the auxiliary winding T 1 -S, the middle point of the resistors is connected to the input terminal of the over voltage protection circuit 204 .
- the auxiliary winding voltage is proportional to the voltage across the LED load.
- the voltage of the output capacitor C 3 increases, and also the auxiliary winding T 1 -S voltage. If the input terminal of the over voltage protection circuit 204 is higher than a preset value, the output over voltage condition is detected, and the low voltage MOS transistor is turned off.
- the present invention of the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit can be also implemented with the buck topology, as shown in FIG. 5 .
- the driving method and control scheme of the buck topology implementation is similar with that of the buck-boost implementation and is not repeated here.
- the present invention of the TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit can be also implemented with the flyback topology, as shown in FIG. 6 .
- the driving method and control scheme of the flyback topology implementation is similar with that of the buck-boost implementation and is not repeated here.
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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CN201310257527.8 | 2013-06-26 | ||
CN201310257527.8A CN103327694B (zh) | 2013-06-26 | 2013-06-26 | 一种可控硅调光led驱动电路 |
CN201310257527 | 2013-06-26 |
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US20150002036A1 US20150002036A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
US9271347B2 true US9271347B2 (en) | 2016-02-23 |
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US13/970,734 Active 2034-06-27 US9271347B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2013-08-20 | TRIAC dimmable LED driver circuit |
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US9084319B2 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2015-07-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Circuits and methods for reducing flicker in an LED light source |
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US9380670B2 (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-06-28 | Dialog Semiconductor Inc. | Generating a voltage feedback signal in non-isolated LED drivers |
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CN105407595B (zh) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏力行电力电子科技有限公司 | Led驱动电路 |
US20190090324A9 (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2019-03-21 | Biological Innovation & Optimization Systems, LLC | Systems and methods for limiting inrush current and for dimming led lighting fixtures |
CN106535412B (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-07-10 | 贵州恒芯微电子科技有限公司 | 一种端口共用的数字模拟调光电路 |
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CN103327694B (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
US20150002036A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
CN103327694A (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
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