US897842A - Process of making bimetallic ingots, plates, sheets, tubes, wires, and like products. - Google Patents

Description

' PATENTED SEPTQl, 1908. J. F. MONNOT. PROCESS OF MAKING BIMETALLIG INGOTS, PLATES, SHEETS, TUBES, WIRES,

AND LIKE PRODUCTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 1905.

Inventor:- JOHN FERREOL. MoNNo-r A ttys UNITED TATES PA E T oFF oE.

JOHN FERREOL MONNOT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO DUPLEX METALS COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS or MAKING IBIMETALLIG INGOTS, PLATES, SHEETS, TUBES, wmns, LHCE 7 PRODUCTS.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

T Application filed Kay 23, 1905. Serial No. 261,740.

resident of the borough of Manhattan, city,

county, and State of New York,.have 1nvented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Making Bimetallic Ingots, Plates, Sheets, Tubes, Wires, and

Like Products, of which the following-is a specification accom anied by drawings.

This invention re ates to improvements in processes in making bi metallic ingots, plates, sheets, tubes, wires, and like products, and its objects are to improve upon such processes and prevent waste, with a reduction of cost in the preparation and handling of the material to be operated upon.

According to this invention the roducts consist of bi-metals such as steel an copper, steel and brass, steel and silver and other combinations of ferrous :metals with nonferrous metals which are ductile, high-melting and of a generally copper-like character.

' The stated non-ferrous metals have high the same; Figi-3 is a-transverse sectional elcw melting points and may therefore be worked with steel at steel-working temperatures, brass and silver being like copperinthis respect as well as in'others. Ingots of any required dimensions may be produced in accordance with this process and the proportions of the elements entering into the composition of the ingots may be exactly determined and maintained throughout the finishing processes. Once an ingot, for instance, is 1produced, the metals comprising it are so we d'ed together that it is impossible to separate them either mechanically orby means of heat. They form a homogeneous mass that may be rolled into sheets or drawn into wires like a single 'metal. 1

Further objects of the invention will hereinafter appear, and to these ends the inven tion consists of a process for manufacturing bi metallic ingots, plates, sheets, tubes,

wires, and the like, substantially as herein-' after fully described and claimed in this specification.

ings, in which, 1 v Figure 1 1s a horizontal sectional view of a suitable mold for carrying out theproce'sS;

.Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of "such a'contact between solid or attain ingforming steel-cop from a mere adherence. I deposit of the coating metal has been proheated billet at t vation of the same; Fig. 4 is an enlarged deof one of the ends for the mold; and Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view of Fig. 5.

I have found that excellent qualities of bimetals may be made by first electro-depositing the coating metal on a suitablenore of a different kind of metal from the coating and then welding the two metals together by means of heat and hi h compression.

. The core metal, pre erably steel or iron, in the form desired, as an ingot, bloom, billet or slab is first perfectly cleaned and the coating metal is depositedelectrically on it in a layer of-sufiicient thickness to obtain the proportion desired between the core and coating metals. If, for instance, a steel slab about three inches thick is used for the core, an electro-deposit of copper of about one-half inch in thickness on each side of the core should be made in order to produce a 25 percent. finished bimetal. i

Patented Sept. 1, 1908.

An electrodeposited coating of copper on steel though in itself crystalline, orous and of little mechanical strength wit no more than an adherencev to the basemetal, nevertheless is in absolute molecular, and metallic contact with such base on all abutting surfaces of copper and steel, the co per crystals being deposited on the steel surl lute contact therewith. The particles or crystals of the copper in the coating are also in similar absolute contact with each other. An absolute contact of copper and steel is difficult to secure by ordinary methods since copper at common casting temperatures does not wet steelnor do the solid or plastic metals readily contactv at ordinar working temperatures Withan abso ute metallic contact. It is also difiicult-to secure plastic copper and a similar body of copper, copper bemg a non welding metal. Absolute metallic contact ofthe two metals is very desirable to thereby the coating may of'coherence .to thebase, as distinguished duced, the coated billet is then heated to the required temperature in a suitable furnace under conditions recluding oxidation. The e required temperatureis ace in absoer bimetals since e given a degree metal Y After the electrobase.

. erablyv is laid in the the arm of the press is rought to bear upon then submitted to a high pressure by suitable meansin order to compress the two metals on all their surface of contact and thus obtain a perfect weld. The bi-metallic billet thus obtained can afterwards be reheated and rolled into any desired finished product, such as plates, sheets, tubes, wire, and the like. For producing bi-metallic plates and sheets, I prefer to use a rectangular billet or slab of the desired metal for the core, which I preferably coat on the two flat sides. It is then heated as described and pressed between two well laned steel plates or heated in a suitable ie. In the initial electrocoating there is secured a coating of the full thickness desired and in metallic contact with the base, but this coating is weak, porous and crystalline, with no great adherence to the p In the subse uent heating and pressing, in the describe manner, this coating is rendered dense, impervious and stron while the adherence to the base is converte into a coherence sufficient to permit the joined metals to be coextended and otherwise worked like one metal.

For producin wire a round billet is preferably used fortie core. After the coating metal has been deposited on the core by any well known process the billet is heated and referably pressed in a suitable die. One orm of die which is made especially for carrying out this process is illustrated in the drawings, although any suitable'form of apparatus may be used. This die is made in two arts a. and b in which are cut ogival or Gothic rooves. The bottom part a, is prefed but the top I) may move between the two side plates 0. The dies (1 b and side plates a forming the mold, together with the ends 3 are placed in a suitable ydraulic ress which will hold the bottom a, and side p ates c firmly, leaving the top die 1) free to move.

The prepared and heated cylindrical billet groove of the bottom-piece a, then the top piece I) is laced in positlon and the block D, thereby forcing downwards the die I; and compressing the billet from a round to an ogival form.

This form of die has the advantage of transmittin equal pressures on all the surfaces of the b' et and thereby producing a perfect weld of the core with the coating metal. The

Gothic form is also advantageous for the subsequent rolling of the billet into bars, rods, etc. 1 o

The end pieces 8 fit into the dies 0. and b, and therefore by preference have the configuration of the internal contour of such dies.

Said pieces 8 are provided with axial longi-- tudinal openings for the porter bar of the ingot.

Obviously this process may be carried out in any suitable apparatus, and equivalent steps may be substituted for some of those described, therefore, without enumerating equivalents,

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patent the following:

1. The process 0 producing bodies of unlike metals welded together which consists in electrically depositing on a core of ferrous metal a coating of a softer, ductile highmelt ing copper-like metal workable at'steel work ing temperatures, heating core and coating together, and while at a suitable temperature compressing. them together by a transverse pressure upon all abutting surfaces.

2. .The process of producin bodies of unlike metals welded together w ich consists in depositing electrically a coating of a softer,

non-ferrous, high melting, cop er-like metal upon a core of a ferrous meta heating the coated core to a suitable temperature and while at such temperature ressing the coated core between dies adapte to produce pressure upon all abutting surfaces of the joined metals. I

3. The recess of roducing bodies of copperwelde to steelw ich-consists in electrically depositing a coating of copper upon steel, said coating corresponding to the thlc'kness desired in the finished article, heating the coated core to a suitable temperature and while at such temperature ressing the coated core between dies adapte to produce pressure upon all abutting surfaces of the joined metals.

In testimonywhereof I have signed this

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