US8858525B2 - Noise dampening film - Google Patents
Noise dampening film Download PDFInfo
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- US8858525B2 US8858525B2 US12/622,462 US62246209A US8858525B2 US 8858525 B2 US8858525 B2 US 8858525B2 US 62246209 A US62246209 A US 62246209A US 8858525 B2 US8858525 B2 US 8858525B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
- A61F5/445—Colostomy, ileostomy or urethrostomy devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]
- Y10T428/1341—Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
- Y10T428/3175—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomer[s]
- Y10T428/31757—Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
- Y10T428/31797—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
- Y10T428/31917—Next to polyene polymer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31924—Including polyene monomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31931—Polyene monomer-containing
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to films for the production of pouches and in particular noise dampening films that can be used in the production of medical packaging.
- Multilayer films having gas and odor barrier properties are well known and widely used in food and medical packaging applications. Generally, it is desirable for such films to have good impact resistance, flexibility, barrier properties, and desirable optical properties.
- films are to be used in medical applications, such as ostomy applications, they must also possess a unique combination of odor and moisture barrier properties as well as low noise, softness, heat or radio-frequency sealability, skin compatibility, and comfort.
- Such films have been provided in the past through the use of multi-ply film laminates where at least one of the plies is oxygen and moisture vapor impermeable.
- polymeric films for use in ostomy applications to not emit noise during use, such as when the film is crumpled or bent, so that the presence of the ostomy pouch is concealed from others.
- noise such as when the film is crumpled or bent
- the use of ostomy pouches makes the patient feel uneasy about such containers emitting, especially as the patient moves around, noise of a low but still audible intensity level.
- the present invention is directed to a noise dampening film, and in particular to a film having at least one quiet layer that comprises a polymer resin and from about 5 to 50 weight percent of a styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer.
- the quiet layer has a tan delta of at least about 0.27 or greater at a temperature range between about 17° C. and 40° C.
- films in accordance with the present invention have improved noise dampening properties at temperature ranges that are within the body temperature range of the person using the pouch.
- films in accordance with the present invention provide improved reductions in emitted noise levels at normal body temperatures and are particularly suited in medical applications, such as in ostomy pouches.
- the present invention also provides a noise dampening film that is also RF sealable.
- the present invention provides a film having at least one exterior layers that comprises a blend of an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer and an ethylene acrylate copolymer, and at least one interior quiet layer comprising a blend of an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer, an ethylene acrylate copolymer, and from 10 to 50 weight % of a styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer.
- the film may include two such quiet interior layers.
- Suitable ethylene acrylate copolymers for use in the invention include of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene butyl acrylate (EBA), and ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene-co-n-butyl acrylate-co-carbon monoxide, ethylene-co-n-vinyl acetate-co-carbon monoxide, ethylene-co-n-butyl acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate, and combinations thereof.
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- EBA ethylene butyl acrylate
- EMA ethylene methyl acrylate
- a RF sealable film in which the film includes at least one layer comprising a blend of an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer and an ethylene acrylate copolymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene butyl acrylate (EBA), and ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), and combinations thereof.
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- EBA ethylene butyl acrylate
- EMA ethylene methyl acrylate
- the amount of ethylene acrylate copolymer in the exterior layer is typically from about 20 to 80 weight %, based on the total weight of the film, and more typically from about 25 to 70 weight %. In one embodiment, the amount of ethylene acrylate copolymer in the exterior layer is at least about 50 weight %.
- the ethylene acrylate copolymer comprises ethylene vinyl acetate wherein the vinyl acetate content in the EVA component is from about 12 to 28%, with a content of about 28% being somewhat more preferred.
- a preferred ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer for use in the present invention is linear low density polyethylene based on 1-butene.
- a three-layer film comprising a first exterior layer, a second exterior layer, and an interior layer positioned between the first and second exterior layers.
- the exterior layers each comprise a blend of an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer, an ethylene acrylate copolymer, and a styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer.
- the interior layer may comprise a barrier material such as PVDC.
- a seven-layer RF sealable film in a further aspect of the present invention, includes two exterior layers comprising a blend of an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer and an ethylene acrylate copolymer, a core barrier layer, first and second interior layers disposed between the core and the outer exterior layers.
- the first and second interiors layers also comprise a blend of an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer and an ethylene acrylate copolymer, and further include a styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer.
- a tie/adhesive layer is disposed between each of the first and second interior layers and the core layer.
- the first and second interior layers define bulk layers of the film and generally each have a thickness that is about 20 to 40% of the total thickness of the film.
- the first and second exterior layers have a thickness that typically ranges from about 25 to 75% of the thickness of the first and second interior layers.
- the amount of the ethylene acrylate copolymer in the exterior layers generally ranges from about 50 to 80 weight percent whereas the content of the ethylene acrylate copolymer in the first and second interior layers is typically from about 40 to 60 weight percent.
- Films in accordance with the present invention provide improved noise dampening, good RF sealability and are particularly useful in medical pouch applications, such as ostomy bags and the like.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-section of a three-layer film in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-section of a seven-layer film in accordance with the present invention.
- Embodiments of the invention are directed to a composition and films having noise dampening properties.
- the invention provides a film having at least one layer having noise dampening properties.
- This noise dampening layer also referred to as a quiet layer, has a Tangent Delta value of at least about 0.27 at a temperature range between about 17° C. and 40° C.
- Films in accordance with the present invention can be used to form a variety of packaging structures including pouches, bags, satchels and the like.
- the present invention is directed to pouches for medical applications, including the packaging of medical solutions, containment of human drainage, such as ostomy, colostomy, urostomy pouches, and the like.
- the present invention provides a multilayer film having at least one quiet layer having a tangent delta value of at least about 0.27 or greater at a temperature range between about 17° C. and 40° C.
- a measure of the mechanical energy dissipation as heat in a viscoelastic material is the ratio E′′/E′, which is also referred to as the damping factor, tangent delta.
- the quiet layer comprises a blend of a polymer resin and an effective amount of a styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer so that the layer has a tan delta of at least about 0.27 or greater at a temperature range between about 17° C. and 40° C.
- tan delta measurements were determined in accordance with ASTM D 4065. It has been found that films having at least one quiet layer in which the quiet layer has a tan delta of at least about 0.27 or greater at a temperature range between about 17° C. and 40° C. have improved low noise performance in medical applications.
- the temperature to which the pouch is exposed is typically greater than that of the ambient room temperature. This increase is typically a result of the temperature of the fluids within the pouch or the proximity of the pouch to the wearer. Films in accordance with the present invention provide improved reductions in emitted noise levels at a slightly elevated temperature range and are particularly suited in medical applications, such as in ostomy pouches.
- a three-layer film 10 is provide in which the film 10 includes a first exterior layer 12 , a second exterior layer 14 , and an interior layer 16 positioned between exterior layers 12 and 14 . It should be noted, however, that additional layers, e.g., adhesive layers or additional function layers, such as barrier layers, may be included in film 10 as desired.
- At least one of the layers comprises a quiet layer.
- at least one of exterior layers 12 , 14 or interior layer 16 of the film comprises a blend of a polymer resin and a styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer (“SVPSPI”).
- SVPSPI styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer
- the amount of SVSPI polymer in the quiet layer ranges from about 5 to 50 weight percent, and in particular, from about 10 to 50 weight percent, with an amount of 10 to 40 being somewhat more typical.
- the polymer resin in the quiet layer can be selected from a wide variety of materials depending on the particular function of the layer in which the SVSPI polymer is incorporated.
- the SVSPI polymer can be incorporated into any one of exterior or interior layers, which may include a sealant layer, adhesive/tie layer, bulk layer, barrier layer, etc.
- polymeric materials that can be blended with the SVSPI polymer include ethylene acrylates, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene methyl acrylate, ethylene butyl acrylate, and ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers having densities from about 0.84 to 0.93.
- the film 10 of FIG. 1 is directed to an RF sealable film that is particularly useful in the construction of ostomy pouches.
- film 10 includes at least one exterior layer comprising an ethylene acrylate copolymer.
- the first and second exterior layers 12 , 14 of the film are both quiet layers and comprise a blend of an ethylene acrylate copolymer and a SVSPI polymer.
- Interior layer 16 of the film may comprise a barrier material as discussed more fully below.
- Suitable ethylene acrylate copolymers for use in ostomy pouch applications of the present invention may include of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene butyl acrylate (EBA), and ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA).
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- EBA ethylene butyl acrylate
- EMA ethylene methyl acrylate
- Other suitable may include ethylene-co-n-butyl acrylate-co-carbon monoxide available from DuPont under the tradename Elvaloy HP771TM, ethylene-co-n-vinyl acetate-co-carbon monoxide available from DuPont under the tradename Elvaloy HP4924TM, and ethylene-co-n-butyl acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate available from DuPont under the tradename Elvaloy PTWTM.
- a noise dampening, RF sealable film in which the film includes a layer comprising a blend of an SVSPI polymer, ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer and an ethylene acrylate copolymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene butyl acrylate (EBA), and ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), and combinations thereof.
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- EBA ethylene butyl acrylate
- EMA ethylene methyl acrylate
- the inventors of the present invention have discovered that by blending an ethylene/alpha olefin with an ethylene acrylate copolymer, wherein the amount of the ethylene acrylate copolymer is from about 20 to 80 weight percent of the blend, RF sealable films with peel strengths in excess of 500 g/inch can be obtained.
- the amount of ethylene acrylate copolymer in the exterior layer is typically from about 50 to 70 weight %, based on the total
- the ethylene acrylate copolymer comprises ethylene vinyl acetate.
- EVA or “ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer” refers generally to a copolymer formed with ethylene and vinyl acetate monomers in which the ethylene derived units in the copolymer are present in major amounts, preferably from about 60 to 98% by weight, and the vinyl acetate-derived units in the copolymer are present in minor amounts, preferably from about 2 to 40 percent by weight of the total.
- the EVA may have a high vinyl acetate content, for example, from about 12 to 28%, with a content of about 28% being somewhat more preferred.
- the exterior layers comprise a blend of a blend of an ethylene acrylate copolymer, such as those discussed above, an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer, and a SVSPI polymer.
- the content of the ethylene acrylate copolymer typically ranges from 20 to 80 weight percent of each layer.
- the amount of ethylene acrylate copolymer in the quiet layer is typically at least 50 weight percent.
- the amount of ethylene acrylate copolymer is generally at least about 35 weight percent. Suitable ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers for use in the present invention are discussed in greater detail below.
- the film has a dielectric loss factor of at least 0.02 and is capable of being radio frequency sealed. Unless stated to the contrary, the dielectric loss factor was determined in accordance with ASTM D 150. Films in accordance with the invention provide RF seals having peel strengths on the order of 500 g/in or greater as measure in accordance with ASTM F 88. In some embodiments, the peel strength of the RF seals are greater than 1000 g/in., and in particular, greater than about 2,000 g/in.
- the first exterior layer When the multilayer film of the present invention is used to form a pouch, such as an I.V. bag, ostomy pouch, or air-bladder portion of a compression device, the first exterior layer preferably forms the outer surface of the pouch (i.e., the surface which is exposed to the environment) while the second exterior layer forms the inner surface of the pouch (i.e., the surface which is in contact with the inside of the pouch and, therefore, with the product, drainage, or air which is enclosed within the pouch). In this fashion, the first exterior layer provides the pouch with abuse-resistance, and gloss, as well as a high degree of flexibility and strength as noted above.
- the second exterior layer serves as a sealant layer. In this role, peripheral portions of the second exterior layer are joined, e.g., by radio frequency (RF) sealing, to form an enclosure.
- RF radio frequency
- Interior layer 16 is typically serves as a functional or core layer of the film.
- interior layer 16 is comprised of a material having barrier properties so that the film is substantially impervious to vapor and liquids.
- embodiments of the multilayer film of the present invention include an interior layer positioned between the first and second exterior layers.
- the interior layer may provide additional desired properties, e.g., oxygen-barrier functionality, strength, RF sealability, or melt strength.
- the interior layer can serve to reduce the cost of the film by allowing less material to be used in the other layers of the film structure.
- Suitable materials from which the interior layer may be selected include poly(ethylene/vinyl alcohol) (EVOH), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and their copolyesters, polyvinyl chloride (PVC and its copolymers), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC and its copolymers), and polyamides such as polycaprolactam (nylon 6), metaxylylene adipamide (MXD6), MXD6/MXDI and copolyamides based on m-xylylenediamine, hexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), amorphous polyamides such as nylon 6I, 6T, as well as various amide copolymers and various blends of the above. Additional oxygen barriers include metal foil layers, metal coatings, depositions of metal, metal oxides such as silica (SiO
- PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
- ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer is not as flexible as the other listed materials, it may nevertheless be useful in certain applications.
- Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) homopolymers and, more preferably, copolymers are preferred for use in the interior layer when gas-barrier functionality is desired in the multilayer film of the present invention. This would be the case when the film is formed into, e.g., an ostomy-type drainage pouch to prevent odors from escaping the pouch.
- PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
- methyl acrylate copolymer available from Solvin under the tradename Ixan PV910.
- Other suitable PVDC polymers that may be used in accordance with the present invention are available from Dow Chemical under the tradename SARAN.
- FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which a seven-layer film 20 is provided that is also particularly useful in ostomy pouch applications in which one of the layers of the film is a quiet layer.
- the present invention provides an RF sealable film in which exterior layers 22 , 24 comprise a blend of an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer and an ethylene acrylate copolymer.
- Interior layer 26 may be a functional or core layer as discussed above.
- Interior layers 28 a and 28 b are disposed between the outer exterior layers 22 , 24 and interior layer 26 .
- Adhesive or tie layers 30 a , 30 b are each disposed between interior layers 28 a , 28 b and interior layer 26 .
- the corresponding layers disposed on opposite sides of interior layer 26 are the same or similar to each other.
- layers 22 and 24 are preferably the same or of a similar composition as are each other as are layers 28 a and 28 b .
- Interior layer 26 may comprise a barrier material such as PVDC. Suitable materials for the adhesive/tie layer 30 a , 30 b are discussed above.
- the interior layers 28 a and 28 b are the bulk layers of the film and help to provide strength and integrity to the film. In one embodiment, interior layers 28 a and 28 b also contribute to the RF sealability of the film. In one such embodiment, interior layers 28 a and 28 b and each exterior layer comprise a blend of an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer and an ethylene acrylate copolymer. The SVSPI polymer may be located in any one or more of the interior or exterior layers.
- the exterior layers may comprise from about 40 to 80 weight percent of an ethylene acrylate copolymer, and from about 20 to 50 weight percent of an ethylene/alpha-olefin
- the interior layers 28 a and 28 b may each independently comprise a blend of SVSPI, LLDPE and EVA in which the EVA is present in an amount from about 30 to 60 weight percent and the LLDPE is present in an amount from about 20 to 40 weight percent, and the SVSPI is present in an amount from 10 to 50 weight percent.
- interior layers 28 a and 28 b are both quiet layers of the film.
- the interior layers 28 a and 28 b may also each comprise a blend LLDPE, EVA in which the EVA is present in an amount of at least 50 weight percent and the LLDPE is present in an amount from about 35 to 50 weight percent.
- ethylene/alpha-olefin (EAO) copolymers may be used in the practice of the present invention.
- the term “ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer” generally designates copolymers of ethylene with one or more comonomers selected from C 3 to C 20 alpha-olefins, such as 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, methyl pentene and the like, in which the polymer molecules comprise long chains with relatively few side chain branches. These polymers are obtained by low pressure polymerization processes and the side branching which is present will be short compared to non-linear polyethylenes (e.g., LDPE, a polyethylene homopolymer).
- the polyethylene polymers may be either heterogeneous or homogeneous.
- Heterogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers are ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymerization reaction products of relatively wide variation in molecular weight and composition distribution, and which are prepared using conventional Ziegler-Natta or other heterogeneous catalysts.
- heterogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefins include linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), linear medium density polyethylene (LMDPE), very low density polyethylene (VLDPE), and ultra-low density polyethylene (ULDPE).
- LLDPE is generally understood to include that group of heterogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers which fall into the density range of about 0.915 to about 0.94 g/cc.
- LMDPE linear polyethylene in the density range from about 0.926 to about 0.94
- LMDPE linear polyethylene in the density range from about 0.926 to about 0.94
- Lower density heterogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers are VLDPE (typically used to refer to the ethylene/butene copolymers available from Union Carbide with a density ranging from about 0.88 to about 0.91 g/cc) and ULDPE (typically used to refer to the ethylene/octene copolymers supplied by Dow).
- EAOs are copolymers of ethylene and one or more alpha-olefins, the copolymer having ethylene as the majority mole-percentage content.
- the comonomer includes one or more C 3 -C 20 alpha-olefins, such as one or more C 4 -C 12 alpha-olefins, or one or more C 4 -C 8 alpha-olefins.
- Particularly useful alpha-olefins include 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, and mixtures thereof.
- Useful EAOs include those having a density of less than about any of the following: 0.925, 0.922, 0.92, 0.917, 0.915, 0.912, 0.91, 0.907, 0.905, 0.903, 0.9, and 0.86 grams/cubic centimeter (g/cm 3 ). Unless otherwise indicated, all densities herein are measured according to ASTM D1505. In one embodiment, the EAO has a density from about 0.84 to 0.91 g/cm 3 .
- heterogeneous polymers have a relatively wide variation in molecular weight and composition distribution.
- Heterogeneous polymers may be prepared with, for example, conventional Ziegler Natta catalysts.
- homogeneous polymers are typically prepared using metallocene or other single site-type catalysts. Such single-site catalysts typically have only one type of catalytic site, which is believed to be the basis for the homogeneity of the polymers resulting from the polymerization.
- Homogeneous polymers are structurally different from heterogeneous polymers in that homogeneous polymers exhibit a relatively even sequencing of comonomers within a chain, a mirroring of sequence distribution in all chains, and a similarity of length of all chains. As a result, homogeneous polymers have relatively narrow molecular weight and composition distributions.
- homogeneous polymers examples include the metallocene-catalyzed linear homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer resins available from the Exxon Chemical Company (Baytown, Tex.) under the EXACT trademark, linear homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer resins available from the Mitsui Petrochemical Corporation under the TAFMER trademark, and long-chain branched, metallocene-catalyzed homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer resins available from the Dow Chemical Company under the AFFINITY trademark.
- homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers may be characterized by one or more properties known to those of skill in the art, such as molecular weight distribution (M w /M n ), composition distribution breadth index (CDBI), narrow melting point range, and single melt point behavior.
- M w /M n molecular weight distribution
- CDBI composition distribution breadth index
- narrow melting point range narrow melting point range
- single melt point behavior e.g., composition distribution breadth index (CDBI)
- M w /M n composition distribution breadth index
- polydispersity may be determined by gel permeation chromatography.
- Homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers which can be used in the present invention generally have an M w /M n of less than 2.7; such as from about 1.9 to 2.5; or from about 1.9 to 2.3 (in contrast heterogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers generally have a M w /M n of at least 3).
- the composition distribution breadth index (CDBI) of such homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers will generally be greater than about 70 percent.
- the CDBI is defined as the weight percent of the copolymer molecules having a comonomer content within 50 percent (i.e., plus or minus 50%) of the median total molar comonomer content.
- the CDBI of linear ethylene homopolymer is defined to be 100%.
- the Composition Distribution Breadth Index (CDBI) is determined via the technique of Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (TREF). CDBI determination may be used to distinguish homogeneous copolymers (i.e., narrow composition distribution as assessed by CDBI values generally above 70%) from VLDPEs available commercially which generally have a broad composition distribution as assessed by CDBI values generally less than 55%.
- TREF data and calculations therefrom for determination of CDBI of a copolymer may be calculated from data obtained from techniques known in the art, such as, for example, temperature rising elution fractionation as described, for example, in Wild et. al., J. Poly. Sci. Poly. Phys. Ed., Vol. 20, p.
- homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers have a CDBI greater than about 70%, i.e., a CDBI of from about 70% to 99%.
- homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers useful in the present invention also exhibit a relatively narrow melting point range, in comparison with “heterogeneous copolymers”, i.e., polymers having a CDBI of less than 55%.
- the homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers exhibit an essentially singular melting point characteristic, with a peak melting point (T m ), as determined by Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC), of from about 60° C. to 105° C.
- the homogeneous copolymer has a DSC peak T m of from about 80° C. to 100° C.
- T m peak melting point
- the phrase “essentially single melting point” means that at least about 80%, by weight, of the material corresponds to a single T m peak at a temperature within the range of from about 60° C.
- DSC measurements are made on a Perkin Elmer SYSTEM 7TM Thermal Analysis System. Melting information reported are second melting data, i.e., the sample is heated at a programmed rate of 10° C./min. to a temperature below its critical range. The sample is then reheated (2nd melting) at a programmed rate of 10° C./min.
- a homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer can, in general, be prepared by the copolymerization of ethylene and any one or more alpha-olefin.
- the alpha-olefin is a C 3 -C 20 alpha-monoolefin, such as a C 4 -C 12 or a C 4 -C 8 alpha-monoolefin.
- the alpha-olefin comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of butene-1, hexene-1, and octene-1, i.e., 1-butene, 1-hexene, and 1-octene, respectively, or a blend of hexene-1 and butene-1.
- the ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer comprises a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) composed of copolymers of ethylene and comonomers of 1-butene. Desirably, the content of butene is from about 8 to 16 weight %.
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- An exemplary commercially available LLDPE that can be used in accordance with the present invention is Sabic® 518N or Sabic 118N available from Saudi Basic Industries Corporation.
- Adhesive layers 28 a , 28 b may include any suitable adhesive material, such as, e.g., anhydride-modified EVA copolymer, anhydride-modified EMA copolymer, and anhydride-modified EBA copolymer, unmodified EVA, unmodified EMA and unmodified EnBA with comonomer content of about 6 to 30 weight %.
- suitable adhesive material such as, e.g., anhydride-modified EVA copolymer, anhydride-modified EMA copolymer, and anhydride-modified EBA copolymer, unmodified EVA, unmodified EMA and unmodified EnBA with comonomer content of about 6 to 30 weight %.
- anhydride-modified EVA copolymer is preferred, particularly those in which the vinyl acetate content thereof is 25 weight percent or more.
- a preferred such material is “BYNEL CXA E-361” from DuPont.
- Adhesive layers 28 a , 28 b may comprise a material selected from the group consisting of anhydride-modified EVA copolymer; anhydride-modified ethylene/acrylate copolymer (e.g., anhydride-modified EMA copolymer, anhydride-modified ethylene/ethyl acrylate copolymer, and anhydride-modified EBA copolymer); anhydride-modified ethylene/alpha-olefin (EAO) copolymer (e.g., anhydride-modified linear low density polyethylene and anhydride-modified very low density polyethylene); homogeneous ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer, particularly those having a density of less than about 0.89 g/cc (e.g., ethylene/octene copolymer); anhydride-modified high density polyethylene; and mixtures of the foregoing materials.
- anhydride-modified EVA copolymer e.g
- Suitable anhydride-modified EMA copolymers are commercially available from DuPont under the tradename BYNELTM, and from Quantum Chemicals under the tradename PLEXARTM
- Anhydride-modified linear low density polyethylene is commercially available from Mitsui under the tradename ADMERTM, and from DuPont under the tradename BYNELTM
- Each of the other materials which can be used for adhesive layers 24 and 28 are also commercially available.
- the total thickness of film 20 may range from about 25 to about 150 microns, with a range from about 50 to 100 microns being preferred.
- interior layers 28 a and 28 b typically each comprise from about 20 to 40% of the thickness of the film, and in particular, from about 25 to 35% of the film's thickness, with about 30% of the film's thickness being somewhat more typical.
- Interior layers 28 a , 28 b of the film generally have a thickness from about 15 to 45 microns, and in particular, from about 30 to 30 microns.
- Exterior layers 22 , 24 are typically of a thinner gauge than bulk interior layers 28 a , 28 b .
- exterior layers 22 , 24 may each be about 25 to 75% of the thickness of interior layers 38 a , 38 b .
- the exterior layers 22 , 24 of the film may be from about 5 to 20 microns, with a thickness of 5 to 10 being preferred.
- the interior layer 26 generally has a thickness that is from about 3 to 15 microns, with a thickness of about 5 to 10 being preferred.
- the adhesive layers 20 a , 20 b generally range from about 3 to 10 microns, and in particular from about 3 to 5 microns in thickness. It should be recognized that the overall thickness of the film and the thickness of individual layers is not limited to any specific range provided the desired properties and processability of the film is maintained.
- the multilayer films of the present invention are not limited to the three or seven-layer structures described above. Films having fewer or greater numbers of layers, e.g., two, four, five, six, eight, nine, or more layers, are included within the scope of the present invention.
- additional high density polyethylene layer(s) may be included in the film in order to increase the moisture barrier capabilities of the film if such an increase is desired.
- Additional oxygen barrier layer(s) may also be included if desired.
- additives may be used in any or all of the layers of the multilayer films of the present invention.
- additives include, without limitation, antiblocking agents, antioxidants, processing aids such as calcium stearate, pigments, antistatic agents, etc.
- the amount of additive included in the film is preferably kept to a minimum in order to minimize the likelihood that such additives will be extracted into the medical solution.
- the multilayer films of the present invention can be formed by cast coextrusion as a tubular film.
- Containers for medical applications or other end uses can be made directly from the coextruded, tubular film, or alternatively from rollstock material obtained from the tube after it has been slit and ply-separated.
- a hot blown process can also be used to make the film.
- Other processes, such as extrusion coating, conventional lamination, slot die extrusion, etc., can also be used to make the multilayer film of the present invention, although these alternative processes can be more difficult or less efficient than the above methods.
- the films produced in Examples were hot blown.
- the materials used in the films are identified below. All percentages are weight percents unless indicated otherwise. All physical property and compositional values are approximate unless indicated otherwise.
- SVSPI Hybrar 5127; styrene-vinylisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block copolymer available from Kuraray.
- EVA-1 Elvax 3165: 18.0 weight % vinyl acetate copolymer available from Dupont.
- PVDC Ixan PV910; polyvinylidene chloride/methyl acrylate (8.5 weight % methyl acrylate) available from Solvin.
- LLC Sabic 518N; linear low density polyethylene (1-butene based) available from Sabic.
- OBC olefinic block copolymer available from Dow under the tradename Infuse D9100®.
- a multilayer film in accordance with the present invention had the following 7-layer structure, with each layer being listed in the same order in which it appeared in the film:
- Layer Layer Layer Thickness Vol. No. Function/Position Composition (microns) (%) Layer 1 First Exterior layer: 95.0% EVA-1, 16.75 16.75 5% AB Layer 2 First Interior/Bulk Layer: 95.0% EVA-1, 16.75 16.75 5% AB Layer 3 Adhesive/Tie Layer: EVA-2 11.5 11.5 Layer 4 Barrier (Core) Layer: PVDC 10 10 Layer 5 Adhesive/Tie Layer: EVA-2 11.5 11.5 Layer 6 Second Interior/Bulk Layer: 95.0% EVA-1, 16.75 16.75 5% AB Layer 7 Second Exterior Layer: 95.0% EVA-1, 16.75 16.75 5% AB
- a multilayer film in accordance with the present invention had the following 7-layer structure, with each layer being listed in the same order in which it appeared in the film:
- Second Exterior Layer 70.0% EVA-1, 25% LLDPE-1, 4.5% AB 10.0 10.6
- First Interior/Quiet Layer 50.0% EVA-1, 40% LLDPE-1, 10% SVSPI 26.0 29.8
- Adhesive/Tie Layer EVA-1 5.0 5.3
- Adhesive/Tie Layer EVA-1 5.0 5.3
- Second Interior/Quiet Layer 50.0% EVA-1, 40% LLDPE-1, 10% SVSPI 26.0 29.8
- Second Exterior Layer 70.0% EVA-1, 25% LLDPE-1, 4.5% AB 10.0 10.6
- a multilayer film in accordance with the present invention had the following 7-layer structure, with each layer being listed in the same order in which it appeared in the film:
- Second Exterior Layer 70.0% EVA-1, 26% LLDPE-1, 4% AB 10 10
- Layer 2 First Interior/Quiet Layer 50.0% EVA-1, 36% LLDPE-1, 10% SVSPI, 30 30 4% AB
- Layer 3 Adhesive/Tie Layer EVA-1 5 5 Layer 4 Barrier (Core)
- Layer 5 Adhesive/Tie Layer EVA-1 5 5
- Second Interior/Quiet Layer 50.0% EVA-1, 36% LLDPE-1, 10% SVSPI 30 30 4% AB
- Second Exterior Layer 70.0% EVA-1, 26% LLDPE-1, 4% AB 10 10
- a multilayer film in accordance with the present invention had the following 7-layer structure, with each layer being listed in the same order in which it appeared in the film:
- Second Interior/Quiet Layer 50.0% EVA-1, 40% LLDPE-1, 10% SVSPI 21.5 30.7 Layer 7 Second Exterior Layer: 70.0% EVA-1, 25% LLDPE-1, 4.5% AB 7.0 10.0
- a multilayer film in accordance with the present invention had the following 7-layer structure, with each layer being listed in the same order in which it appeared in the film:
- Second Interior/Quiet Layer 40.0% EVA-1, 40% LLDPE-1, 20% SVSPI 21.5 30.7 Layer 3
- Adhesive/Tie Layer EVA-1 4.0 5.7
- Second Interior/Quiet Layer 40.0% EVA-1, 40% LLDPE-1, 20% SVSPI 21.5 30.7
- Second Exterior Layer 70.0% EVA-1, 25% LLDPE-1, 4.5% AB 7.0 10.0
- the films of Examples 1-7 had a tan delta of 0.25 or greater over the temperature range of 17° C. to 40° C., which is indicative of the films ability to reduce noised and vibration. Accordingly, films employing such a layer would have good noise dampening properties.
- the Control which did not include any of the styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer showed typical noise levels during crumpling and folding.
- the films of Examples 8-11 which all included a quiet layer comprising a styrene-vinyl polyisoprene-styrene block-co-polyisopyrene block triblock polymer exhibited improved noise reduction over the temperature range of about 17° C. and 40° C. Accordingly, these films are particularly suited for use in ostomy applications.
- Films from the above Examples were also evaluated for RF sealability.
- the films were then sealed using radio frequency and seal peel strength was measured per ASTM F88.
- the films were sealed using a Strayfield Ltd RF sealing machine IPW9/SH with a supply frequency of 50 Hz, use frequency of 27.12 MHz.
- Two square samples were cut from each test film and these are sealed together to make a square pouch by applying the RF power source for 1.2 seconds, followed by cooling of 2.0 seconds.
- Several pouches were produced this way and then tested per ASTM F88.
- the control which include 95% EVA and no EAO component in the outer two layers of the film exhibited good peel strength after RF sealing.
- the Control also had a dielectric loss factor of 0.09, which is indicative of RF sealability.
- a loss factor of 0.05 is indicative of a film's ability to be sealed with RF energy.
- the outer exterior layers and first and second interior layers comprised a combination of LLDPE and EVA. These films showed good RF sealability and all had a peel strength of greater than 500 g/inch.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/622,462 US8858525B2 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Noise dampening film |
NZ59954610A NZ599546A (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-11 | Noise dampening film |
ES10779187.3T ES2572654T3 (es) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-11 | Película para amortiguación de ruido |
MX2012005641A MX342631B (es) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-11 | Pelicula amortiguadora de ruido. |
EP10779187.3A EP2501346B1 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-11 | Noise dampening film |
AU2010322259A AU2010322259B2 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-11 | Noise dampening film |
PCT/US2010/056289 WO2011062829A1 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-11 | Noise dampening film |
BR112012011800A BR112012011800A2 (pt) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-11 | película abafadora de ruído |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/622,462 US8858525B2 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Noise dampening film |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20110125114A1 US20110125114A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
US8858525B2 true US8858525B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 |
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US12/622,462 Active 2032-02-27 US8858525B2 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Noise dampening film |
Country Status (8)
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US (1) | US8858525B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2501346B1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU2010322259B2 (es) |
BR (1) | BR112012011800A2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2572654T3 (es) |
MX (1) | MX342631B (es) |
NZ (1) | NZ599546A (es) |
WO (1) | WO2011062829A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
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US20220331497A1 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2022-10-20 | Hollister Incorporated | Odor barrier film |
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US20130096521A1 (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-04-18 | Cryovac, Inc | Polymeric Film Comprising An Odor Absorbing PVDC Blend |
WO2013102009A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | Hollister Incorporated | Sound absorbing non-woven material, sound absorbing multilayer film, and laminates made thereof |
US9050387B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2015-06-09 | Hollister Incorporated | Sound absorbing ostomy pouch |
US9931239B2 (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2018-04-03 | Hollister Incorporated | Asymmetric multilayer film for ostomy application |
US10016961B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2018-07-10 | Cryovac, Inc. | Polymeric film comprising quiet layer with improved noise dampening properties |
BR112015023989A2 (pt) * | 2013-03-20 | 2017-07-18 | Cryovac Inc | filme polimérico compreendendo camada silenciosa com propriedades de abafamento de ruído melhoradas |
US9962282B2 (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2018-05-08 | Hollister Incorporated | Film for urostomy pouch baffle and pouch using same |
DK3160732T3 (da) * | 2014-06-24 | 2020-06-02 | Hollister Inc | Flerlagsfilm, der indbefatter lugtbarrierelag med lyddæmpende egenskaber |
EP3383653A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2018-10-10 | Cryovac, Inc. | Polymeric film comprising vibration dampening and barrier properties |
EP3568297A4 (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2020-12-30 | SABIC Global Technologies B.V. | MULTI-LAYER FILM |
US10438575B2 (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2019-10-08 | Chang Chun Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Multilayer film, interlayer film comprising the multilayer film and laminated glass and sound-insulating glass laminate comprising the interlayer film |
DE102020002764A1 (de) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-28 | Advanced Medical Balloons Gmbh | Vorrichtung für die medizinische Ableitung und Zuleitung von Substanzen mit geruchsreduzierenden Eigenschaften und deren kosteneffiziente Herstellung |
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Cited By (2)
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Also Published As
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AU2010322259A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
EP2501346B1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
EP2501346A1 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
ES2572654T3 (es) | 2016-06-01 |
BR112012011800A2 (pt) | 2016-03-01 |
MX2012005641A (es) | 2012-06-13 |
US20110125114A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
MX342631B (es) | 2016-10-07 |
WO2011062829A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
AU2010322259B2 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
NZ599546A (en) | 2014-05-30 |
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