US843542A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

No. 843,542. l PATENTED PEB.5,1907. J. E. MASON.

FIRBARM.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 1o. 1906.

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No. 843,542. PATENTED FEB. 5, 190'?. J. E. MASON.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 10| 1906.

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J. E. MASON.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED sEPT.1o, 1906.

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PATENTED FEB. 5, 1907..

VJ. E. MASON.

FIREARM.

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J. E. MASON.

FIRBARM.

APPLICATION FILED sBPT.1o, 1906.

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J. E. MASON. FIREARM.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 1o, 190e.

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No. 843,542. PATENTED'PEB. 5, 1907.

J. E. MASON.

FIREARM.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 10l 1906.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN E. MASON, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO JOHN H. SMITH ANI) THREE-EIGHTHS TO CHARLES E. HOLSTEIN,

OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

FIREARIVI.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 5, 190'?.

Application filed September 10,1906. Serial No. 333.884.

To all, whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, Ioiin E. MAsoN, a citi zen oi the Lnited States, residing at Coluinbus, iii the count); of Franklin and State ot Ohio, have invented a certain new and useul Improvement in Firearms, of which the iollowing is a specification.

The invention relates more especiallji to inagazine-iirearms, and has lor its object to i the construction and render more ments.

The .invention is embodied Fig. 12, and looking in the direction indicated bjr the arrow. Fig. 14 is a view looking at the under side of the gun, the rear end of the magazine and a portion of the breechblock frame being in section. Fig. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view exposing the lower side of the interior mechanism with parts broken oill and removed. Fig. 16 is a transverse sectional view, on a larger scale, on

, the line 2 e, Fig. 1, with the barrel removed 'perfect the operation ol such impleand looking toward the standing breech.

` Fig. 17 is a similar view on the line w w, Fig.

in the coni struction hereinafter described and claimed, i

the invention not being confined in its embodiment to the precise torms oli parts shown in the acconijl'ianyii'ig drawings, Vforming part i hereof.

In the said draiif'ings, Figure 1 is a View in elev 'tion oi the right-hand side of the gun with parts broken o'l'l", the gun being closed. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal seciimial view taken longitudinall,\ olf the ln'eeeh-lranie, 'on a 1, looking toward the muzzle of the gun. Fig. 1S is a similar view on the line m m, Fig. 1. Fig. 19 is a detail of the shell-ejecting devices. Fig. 20 is a detail of the shell-extractor and shell-ejector. Fig. 21 is a detail in side view of the trigger mechanism, showing also a part of the hammer-lever.

Fig. 22 is a plan view ot the trigger mechanism. Figs.

` and 24 are side and plan views, res eclarger scale, looking at the right-hand side ol' the gun and showing most ol` the operative parts in Vfull, the gun being closed and cocked. Fig. 3 is a view mainlj.' in side elevation, on

the same scale as Fig. 1, with parts broken o'l'l' and looking at 'the left-hand side of the gun, the gun being closed. Fig. is a longitudinal sectional view on a larger scale (the scale being the same as that olE Fig. 2,) looking at the left-hand side and showing most ol the operative paris in full. Fig. 5 is a view similar to that shown in F 1 except that the gun is open. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the breech-traine, disclosing the interioi1 mechanism, mostlj. in lull, but in. the open position ol' the gun and looking from the right-hand side. Fig. T is a top plan view the shellcarrier removed from the gun. Fig. S is a sectional vieiY taken on the line r 11"., Fig. 7, looking up. Figs. 9, l0, and 11 are detail lon` tuilinal sectional views with the shell-cariand looking from the left-hand side, showing l connection with the forward upper portion ot' chiel'ly the barrel-latch and trigger-locking s device and the ilill'erc-. positions of 'those parts and the paris operating in eonjunction therewith. Fig. 12 an elevation oi the barrel-latch looking its rear face. Fig. 13

at is a sectional view of the latch on the line i the breech-frame, so that it can be moved to and from the standing breech. The barrel is furnished at the under side of the breech portion with a longitudinal tongue 2b, having notches 2i and 2d. The outer notch 2c is square-cornered and of greater depth than the notch 2d. The outer wall of the notch 2d is inclined. and. trigger omitted 3 designates the magazine, which is reinovably attached to the forward end of the breech-frame below the barrel bv means of a suitable spring-actuated latch 3a. (See Figs. 3 and 14.)

4 designates a sliding grip or fore-end consisting of a metallic tube cased with wood,

said grip encircling the rear portion of the IOO magazine and beingI connected with the barrel by means of a transverse pin 4a on the grip passed through a slot in a longitudinal tongue 2a on the under side of the barrel, so that the grip has a limited sliding connection with the barrel. The barrel is moved to and from the standing breech by means of the grip.

5 designates the barrel-latch, (see particularly Figs. l2 and 13,) which slides in suitable grooves in the opposite sides of the breechframe. The barrel-latch is generally of the form of the letter capital C, as seen in Figs. 12 and 13, the elongated central opening thereof permitting it to work vertically with reference to the rear end of the magazine, which it embraces. The barrel -latch is pressed upward or toward the barrel by a flat metal springv, secured to a rigid cross-piece lb, extending between the sides of the forward end of the breech-frame, so that the latch is thrown into the notch 20 when the barrel is closed against the standing breech and into the notch 2d when the barrel is slid outward to the intended limit of its outward movement in the shell ejecting and reloading operations. The square-cornered edge 5a of the barrel-latch engages the notches 2C and 2d. To release the latch from the notch 2C, so as to permit the forward sliding of the barrel in the breech-frame and the ejection of a fired shell, the sliding grip is provided at its rear end with a 'linger 4b, having a notch 40 in its lower edge with beveled end walls. The rear end of the said finger 4b is beveled, as seen at 4d. The fmger 4b engages the barrellatch at the edge 5b, which is countersunk below the barrel-engaging edge 5a. The said edge 5b of the barrel-latch is suitably beveled to permit the easy depression of the latch by the finger 4b when the grip is slid forward. The iinger 4b is made of suflicient length and depth to depress the latch out of the notch 2C and hold it disengaged from the barrel until the movement of the grip carries the barrel to a point where the latch will be pressed by the spring 6 against the tongue 2b, and against this tongue the latch will remain until the notch 2fi comes into position to receive it. The notch 2d is designed, in conjunction with the barrel-latch, to automatically limit the forward movement of the barrel and prevent its accidental removal from the breech-frame in the ordinary operation of the gun. The inclined forward wall of the notch 2d, it will be observed, permits the barrel to be easily slid rearward in its initial closingl or rearward movement. It will be noted that the limited sliding movement of the grip with reference to the barrel permits the operation of the 'finger 4b to disengage the barrel-latch preparatory to the forward movement of the barrel itself.

7 designates the hammer, which is pivoted at 7 a in the frame in the rear chamber of the breech-frame. The hammer has an ordinary firing-pin 7b, that works, as before stated, through the hole 1c in the standing breech. The hammer is also furnished on its righthand side with a laterally-projecting pin 7, against which the cooking-lever presses to cock the hammer, as hereinafter described.

-The trigger is compounded mainly of two parts-namely, the part 8, that is directly operated by the fingerof the hand, as usual, and a part 8a, that engages the hammer and is adjustable with reference to the part S for the purpose of regulating the sensitiveness of the operation of the trigger. The forward end of the part 8a engages a toe 7 d on the harnmer to hold thelatter in cocked position, and the extent of the engagement of said part S with said toe is controlled by means of a setscrew 8b in the part S, which regulates the angular relation of said parts S and 8a. The parts 8 and 8a are pivoted on the same pin at 8C between the walls (see Figs. 23 and 24) of the frame in the rear chamber of the breechframe. The part 8 rests upon the bottom piece of the frame in the rear chamber of the breech-frame and is limited in its downward movement by said bottom piece. Hence the hammer-engaging point of the part 8a has a definite upward limit of movement that is determined by the position of the adjustingscrew 8b, and because that screw can be adjusted to an indefinite variety of positions the sensitiveness of the trigger can be correspondingly varied and made precisely as may be desired. The part 8 is notched, as seen at Sd, to permit the operation of the trigger, as hereinafter described.

9 designates a V-shaped spring, one arm of which presses upward against and operates the hammer, while the other presses downward against the part 8 of the trigger.

l() designates the shell carrier or elevator, that swings vertically in the forward chamber of the breech-frame. This carrier has an arm 10, that extends into the rear chamber of the breech-frame, said arm being pivoted at 10lo to the frame in said chamber. The carrier l0 has pivoted to it at 11LTL in the rear chamber a hammer-cocking lever 1l, the upper arm of which when properly operated is adapted to strike against the laterally-extending pin 7C to throw the hammer to cocked position. The shell-carrier is adapted to be depressed into position to receive a shell from the rear end o'f the magazine but it is normally pressed upward by means of a spring l2, operating against the lower edge of the arm 10, The carrier is provided with an inclined groove l()b in its outer right-hand side, said groove being open at its lower end.

13 designates the cooking-rod. This rod is located and slides in a groove in the inner right-hand side of the breech-frame and is removably attached at its forward end by means of a spring-actuated latch 4C to a metallic ferrule at the rear end of the sliding IOO grip. The rear end of the cooking-rod when the gun is closed reaches back into the rear chamber of the breech-frame and behind the lower end of the cocking-lever, as indicated by broken lines, Fig. 2, and by full lines, F

The rear end of the cooking-rod is made with a lateral stud or projection 13a, preferably having thereon a roller to reduce friction. The lower arm of the eocking-lever lies in the path of the projection 13, and when the grip is moved forward to open the gunthe projection 13L strikes'the cockinglever, which in turn throws the hammer to cocked position. ln the farther forward movement of the cocking-rod the projection 18EL enters the inclined groove 1()b in the righthand side of the carrier and draws it downward into position to receive a loaded shell from the magazine.

14 is a spring on the carrier-arm 1U, adapted to return the lower arm of the coeking-lever down into position to be operated b v the cooking-rod after that lever h as been pushed rearwardly beyond it into its normal place upon the closing of the gun. T he coeking-rod is made with a laterally-enlarged portion 1.3,b that when the gun is closed reaches under the forward end of the carrier and locks it firmly in place in elevated position.

The magazine contains the ordinary spring-actuated follower (not shown, but well understood) for feeding the shells rearward toward and into the carrier. ln order to prevent the crowding of the shell behind the leading one into the carrier, there is provided what might be termed a "iirst-shell stop7 consisting, essentially, of a head portion 15, containing an inward projection adapted to extend into the path of the rim of the shell on a spring-arm attached, as seen at 15a, to the side of the breech-frame. The head portion 15 also contains an outward projection extending through an opening in the wall of said frame and bent to engage the outer side thereof, and so limit the inward movement of the inward. projection. The head portion 1.5 contains an inclined edge 15b, against which abuts the inner end of a sliding pin 1o', the forward end of which is projected beyond the end of the breechframe when the grip is moved outward to open the gun. ne pin 16 is held in proper position and from accidental removal hy means of a short screw 17, entering an elongated recess in the side of the pin 16, said recess permitting longitudinal movement of the pin. Vllhen the gun is closed, the contact of the fcrrule at the rear end of the grip impels l the pin 16 rearwardly, and so releases the shell against the second stop. This second stop (designated 18) consists of a proj etion or head portion on the forward arm of a lever that is pivoted at 18a, said headed arm being normally pressed inward by a spring 1S". The step 1S is released from the shell by the descent of the shell-carrier, which has in its outer side a groove 10C, provided with an inclined or cam-like bot-tom that becomes shallower or vanishes at the top, said camlike bottom working against a projection 18C on said lever. )Wien the stop 18 is thus actuated, the shell is released from the magazine into the carrier and is held, by means of the curved rear edge of a spring 10e in the bottom of the carrier, ready for elevation into position for loading. ln order to secure the shell while in the depressed carrier from accidental movement back into the magazine and after it has passed the first stop 17, a spring-actuated catch 19, pivoted at 19a in the walls of the breech-frame is provided, said catch having an angular projection or tooth adapted to project under the rim of the shell. The catch 19 has its forward edge inclined, as shown, to permit the easy passage of the rim of the shell onto the tooth of the catch.

To prevent the release of the cocked hammer until the gun is closed-that is, until the breech of the barrel is firmly against the standing breech with the barrel latched-a "safety-lever is pivoted at 20a, said lever having at the right-hand side of its lower end a lateral projection 20h, that extends over the side of the trigger member 8, said member being provided at its left-hand side with a lateral projection 20C. The lever 20 is also provided with a spring 20d, working against a stationary pin 21, said spring tending to throw the lower end ofthe lever rearward, as seen in Figs. 9, 10, and 11. r1`he projection 2OC extends into an elongated notch 221a in the rear end of a rod 22, said rod sliding in a groove at the inner side of the left-hand side of the breech-frame. The rod 22 extends forward and is adapted to have its forward end projected into a square-cornered notch 5 in the left-hand side of the barrel-latch only when that latch is engaged with the forward notch 2(42 on the barrel. It will be observed that when the forward end of the rod 22 is engaged with the notch 5 the latch and barrel are locked and that the gun cannot be opened until said rod is withdrawn. The rod 22 is directly operated by means of a springetuated lever 23, pivoted at 23a on the frame in the rear chamber of the breechframe` said lever having at its lower end a lateral projection 23h, that engages a notch 22h, (see Fig. 15,) in said rod 22. The spring 23C and the lever 23 embrace a lateral pin 7 on the left-hand side of the hammer 7, and 'the lever and spring are carried by the hammer when the gun is tired, thus releasing the rod 22 from the barrel-latch 5. The posit-ion of these parts after the gun is iired is indicated in Fig. 9. In Fig. 1() the sliding grip is depicted as moved forward far enough to disengage the barrel-latch, but not so far as to cock the hammer. In Fig. 11 the grip is shown as having been carried forward to the IOC IOS

limit in ordinary operation of the barrels forward movement and the hammer cocked. In this last-stated figure it will be observed that the lever 23 is hel'd in substantiallythe same position it occupied in the fired position of the parts, Fig. 9, because the forward end of the rod 22 is in contact with the face of the latch 5, the notch 2d not being deep enough to permit the notch 5 of the latch to rise to a position opposite the end of the rod 22. Because the rod 22 is held in the position it occupies when the gun is fired, as seen in Figs. 9 and l0, and when the gun is open and cocked, as seen in Figs. 6 and 11, the lever 20 is held by its spring 2Od in the position seen in those views and with projection 2Gb in position to prevent the operation of the trigger, and therefore the firing of the gun. The position of the parts when the hammer is cocked and the gun closed-in other Words, ready for firing-is best seen in Figs. 2 and 4. The lever 20 may appropriately be nominated the safety-lever, because it directly precludes the operation of the trigger and hammer until the gun is closed.

The extractor consists of a small lever 24, (see Fig. 20,) pivoted at 24a at the right-hand side of the breech-frame and a little in rear of the standing breech, said lever having a hook that reaches around the forward side of the standing breech to engage the usual'fianged rim of the shell, said lever being also pressed at its rear arm by a spring 24:b to yieldingly hold inward the rim-engaging hook. The extractor retains the empty or fired shell against the standing breech while the barrel is being moved forward to extract the red shell and preparatory to its ejection.

The ejector 25 is located in the breechframe at its left-hand side and opposite the extractor7 and the extractor cooperates with it to effect the removal of the empty shell. The ejector consists of a sliding pin backed by a spring 25a, that presses the pin forward; but the pin is limited in its outward movement by means of a cross-pin 26, passed through an elongated recess in the upper side of the pin. The ejector-pin is latched in its rearward or ej ecting position by means of a latching-bolt 27, that is moved to and automatically held in latching position by means of a lever 28, one arm of which is acted on by a spring 28a and the other arm of which engages the latching-bolt. The latter arm is also extended, as seen at 28h, to be acted on by a cam projection 101' on the carrier (see Fig. 19) to release the ejector. The ejection of the shell is effected, as will be readily understood, by the release of the spring-pressed ejector-pin 25 upon the depression of the carrier 10 to a point where it will not interfere with the passage of the shell out of the opening for that purpose at the right-hand side of the forward breechframe chamber and when the grip and cocking-rod are moved forward to open the gun. The sidewise movement of the shell out of the chamber is due to the pressure of the ejector at one side While the extractor is engaging the rim of the shell at the other side.

Because the notch 22"1L in the rod 22 is elongated the lower end of the safety-lever 20 is movable from the position seen in Fig. 4- that is, the position it occupies when the gun is loaded and capable of being fired. In order to preclude accidental firing of the gun, a manually-operative slide 29 can be provided to act onthe upper end of the lever 20, so as to displace the lower end and put it in position to prevent operation of the trigger. A bent spring 29h, cooperating with a pin 29a on the slide, will serve to retain the slide in position to hold the safety device either in position to lock the trigger or to permit its operation. A spring 30, attached by means of a screw 3()al to the frame in the rear chamber of the breech-frame, closes the opening at the lower end of that frame and forms a yielding wall, permitting the depression of the cooking-lever when the gun is opened. Assuming that the gun has been fired (which act releases the barrel-latch lock 22) and the magazine supplied with additional loaded shells, the operation is briefly this: The forward movement of the grip first withdraws the barrel-latch, then cocks the hammer, then withdraws the barrel from the shell, and finally depresses the shell-carrier. Incidentally in its depression the carrier first operates the ejector and then releases into itself a shell from the magazine. At the moment the barrel is closed against the standing breech the barrel-latch operates to latch it there and the safety-lever is drawn into position to permit the operation of the trigger, the closing of the gun also releasing the rearmost shell in the magazine from the first stop to the second.

Vhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a firearm the combination of a breech-frame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a grip sliding with the barrel, a shell-carrier, a firing mechanism including a cocking device, and a single sliding rod operated by the sliding grip said rod being provided with a single projection that operates in its forward movement both the cocking device and the shell-carrier.

2. In a firearm, the combination of a breech-frame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a grip sliding with the barrel, a shellcarrier, a firing mechanism including a cocking device, and a single sliding rod operated by the sliding grip said rod being provided with a single projection that operates successively the cooking device and shell-carrier.

3. In a firearm the combination of a breech-frame, a barrel slidingly mounted IOO therein, a grip sliding With the barrel, a hammer, a pivoted shell-carrier, a cooking-lever tulcrumed on the shell-carrier, a sliding rod operated by the sliding grip to operate successively the coclring-lever and the carrier.

a. In a iirearm, the combination oi a breech-trame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a grip sliding With the barrel and having a limited sliding movement With reference thereto, a barrel-latch, a hammer, a pivoted shell-carrier, a lever fulcrumed on the shell-carrier, a sliding rod operated by the sliding grip to operate successively the cooking-lever and the carrier, and means on the grip tor operating the barrel-latch.

5. in a hrearm, the combination ot a breech-frame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a grip sliding with the barrel and having a limited sliding movement with reterence thereto, a barrel-latch, a hammer, a pivoted shell-carrier, a lever tulcrumed on the shell-carrier, a sliding rod operated by the sliding grip to operate successively the cocking-lever and the carrier, means on the grip for operating the barrel-latch when slid forward on the barrel While the latter is in closed position, the aforesaid rod operating successively the cooking-lever and the carrier after the operation ot the barrel-latch.

6. In a tirearm, the combination ot a breech-trame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a grip slidingly attached to the barrel, a tiring mechanism including a cooking device, a shell-carrier, a cooking-ro d attached to the grip, said rod provided with a proj ection to successively operate the cocking device and the shell-carrier, and said rod provided vvith a projection to lock said carrier in closed position with the gun after the shellcarrier-operating projection is disengaged from the carrier.

7. tn a tirearm., the combination ot a breech-trame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein., a barrel-latch, tiring devices including a trigger, a trigger-locking device, and means adapted to lock the barrel-latch operated by the tiring devices when the gun is closed to unlock the barrel-latch and lock the trigger.

S. In a r'irearm, the combination ot a breech-trame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a barrel-latch, 'tiring devices including a trigger, a trigger-locking device, means adapted to lool: the barrel-latch operable by the tiring device when the gun is closed to unlock the barrel-latch and. lock the trigger,

and means to hold said barrel-latch in posii tion to prevent the operation ot the tirstmentioned means until the gun is closed.

9. in a firearm, the combination of a breech-trame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a latch tor latching the barrel in its closed position, a trigger-locking device, a hammer, means tor locking the barrel-latch and operating the trigger-locking device, said hammer being operative independently of said means, and a spring adapted to be placed under tension by the cocliing of said hammer, said spring to operate the means for locking the barrel-latch and the trigger-locking device.

10. In a rearm, the combination of a breech-frame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a latch for latching the barrel in its closed position, a sliding grip for operating said barrel and barrel-latch, a trigger, a trigger-locking device, means for automatically moving said device into trigger-lockingposition when the gun is tired and for retaining it in said position until the gun is opened and closed.

11. In a firearm, the combination of a breech-frame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a latch for latching the barrel in its closed position, a grip tor operating the barrel and barrel-latch, a trigger, a spring-actuated trigger-locking device, spring-actuated means operative upon the tiring of the gun to release the trigger-locking device to triggerlocking position, the barrel-latch being constructed to permit the last-named device to move the trigger to releasing position when the gun is closed.

12. ln a iirearm, a breech-trame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a device for latching the barrel in its closed position, a grip for operating the barrel, a spring-actuated trigger-locking device, spring-actuated means operable by the hammer in tiring the gun to permit the trigger-locking device to move into trigger-locking position, the barrel-latch being constructed to permit the last-named device to move the trigger-locking device to release the trigger when the gun is closed.

13. ln a iirearm, the combination ot a breech -frame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a latch tor latching the barrel in its closed position, a grip for operating the barrel and barrel-latch, a spring-actuated trigger-locking device, spring-actuated means operative upon the tiring ol the gun to permit the trigger-locking device to move into trigger-locking position, said trigger-locking device being movable independently of said last-named spring-actuated means.

14. ln a iirearm, the combination of a breech trame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a latch for latching the barrel in its closed position, a trigger-locking device, and means operable by the tiring of the gun to release the barrel-latch and move the triggerlocking device to trigger-locking position.

l5. In a iirearm, the combination of a breech trame, a barrel slidingly mounted therein, a latch tor latching the barrel in its closed position, a trigger-locking device, a hammer, means for locking the barrel-latch and operating the trigger-locking device, means operatively connecting the hammer and the means Jfor locking the barrel-latch IOO and operating the trigger-locking device, said hammer being also operative independently of said means.

16. In a magazine-firearm, the combination With a breech-frame and a sliding barrel therein, of a shell-carrier, means for raising and depressing the carrier upon the movement or the barrel, an extractor, a spring-actuated shell-ejector, devices to latch the ejector in ejecting position When the gun is closed, and means on the carrier for operating said latching devices to liberate the ejector upon the depression of the carrier.

17. In a iirearm, a magazine, a iirst and a second shell-stop in saidmagazine, combined With a device cooperating with the second stop to retain the shell from movement lon-- p gitudinally in the magazine.

in the magazine.

JOHN E. MASON. Witnesses:

BENJAMIN FINCKEL, H. E. LUTZ.

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