US7449627B2 - Apparatus and method for reproducing audio signal - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for reproducing audio signal Download PDF

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Publication number
US7449627B2
US7449627B2 US11/633,215 US63321506A US7449627B2 US 7449627 B2 US7449627 B2 US 7449627B2 US 63321506 A US63321506 A US 63321506A US 7449627 B2 US7449627 B2 US 7449627B2
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Prior art keywords
tempo
audio data
walking
digital audio
user
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US20070157798A1 (en
Inventor
Yoichiro Sako
Akane Sano
Akihiro Komori
Takatoshi Nakamura
Kenichi Makino
Motoyuki Takai
Katsuya Shirai
Makoto Inoue
Hirofumi Tamori
Toshiro Terauchi
Yuichi Sakai
Toru Sasaki
Susumu Takatsuka
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Assigned to SONY CORPORATION reassignment SONY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TERAUCHI, TOSHIRO, SAKAI, YUICHI, SASAKI, TORU, TAKATSUKA, SUSUMU, TAMORI, HIROFUMI, INOUE, MAKOTO, SHIRAI, KATSUYA, TAKAI, MOTOYUKI, MAKINO, KENICHI, NAKAMURA, TAKATOSHI, KOMORI, AKIHIRO, SAKO, YOICHIRO, SANO, AKANE
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/02—Analogue recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/04—Direct recording or reproducing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/102—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers
    • G11B27/105—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers of operating discs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/11—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information not detectable on the record carrier

Definitions

  • the present invention contains subject matter related to Japanese Patent Application JP 2005-351581 filed in the Japanese Patent Office on Dec. 6, 2005, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the present invention relates to apparatus and methods for reproducing audio signals.
  • walking brings about a beneficial effect when a person walks continuously for a sufficient period of time.
  • a portable audio reproducing device in which a walking tempo of a user (walker) is detected, and a music piece having a tempo corresponding to the walking tempo is reproduced as the walker listens to the music piece while walking.
  • a walking tempo refers to the number of steps per unit time (for example, one minute)
  • a music tempo refers to the number of beats per minute.
  • FIG. 7 a relationship between a walking tempo of a user and a music tempo of a music piece to be reproduced in such an audio reproducing device mentioned above is illustrated.
  • the diagram I in FIG. 7 illustrates the walking tempo of the user.
  • the user walks at a tempo VA that is normal to the user (normal speed).
  • the user walks at a tempo VB that is slower than the tempo VA in the period T 1 , and then walks at the tempo VA again in a period T 3 .
  • the audio reproducing device reproduces a music piece A 1 of the tempo VA that is equal to the walking tempo VA during the period T 1 .
  • the device reproduces a music piece B 1 of the tempo VB that is equal to the walking tempo VB, and then reproduces a music piece A 2 of the tempo VA again that is equal to the walking tempo VA during the period T 3 .
  • the audio reproducing apparatus allows the user to continue walking enjoyably.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstance.
  • an audio signal reproducing apparatus includes a storage unit for storing digital audio data of music pieces each having a tempo corresponding to either a first tempo or a second tempo, the second tempo being different from the first tempo, if a walking (including running, hereinafter the same) tempo of a user is either the first tempo or the second tempo at any given time, a reproducing circuit for reproducing the digital audio data, a detecting unit for detecting the walking tempos of the user, a calculating circuit for calculating a change in the walking tempo detected by the detecting unit, and a control circuit for retrieving the digital audio data from the storage unit in accordance with the walking tempo detected by the detecting unit and sending the retrieved digital audio data to the reproducing circuit.
  • the control circuit retrieves the digital audio data of the music piece whose tempo corresponds to the first tempo or the second tempo, respectively, and sends the retrieved digital audio data to the reproducing circuit.
  • the control circuit changes the digital audio data to be sent from the storage unit to the reproducing circuit, after a predetermined time period has elapsed since the change of the walking tempo, from the digital audio data of a music piece whose tempo corresponds to the first tempo to the digital audio data of a music piece whose tempo corresponds to the second tempo.
  • the control circuit changes the digital audio data to be sent from the storage unit to the reproducing circuit, at the time point when the change of the walking tempo occurs, from the digital audio data of a music piece whose tempo corresponds to the second tempo to the digital audio data of a music piece whose tempo corresponds to the first tempo.
  • a music piece having a tempo corresponding to the walking tempo of a user is reproduced.
  • the walking tempo of the user is shifted from the first tempo to another tempo (for example, the second tempo that is slower than the first tempo)
  • the music piece and its tempo are changed with a delay of a predetermined time period.
  • the walking temp of the user is shifted from the second tempo to the first tempo, the music piece to be reproduced and its tempo are changed immediately. This allows the user to walk at an appropriate tempo without disturbance.
  • FIG. 1 is a system diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of contents registered in playlists
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an operation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an operation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an operation according to a known technique.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a configuration of a circuit of a reproducing apparatus 10 for reproducing an audio signal, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 can be used as a walking aid device as well as a general portable player.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 has a size and a shape (not shown) that allow the user to carry the reproducing apparatus 10 in his or her pocket or the like while walking.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 includes a microcomputer 20 as a system control circuit.
  • the microcomputer 20 has a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 21 for executing a program, a ROM (Read-only Memory) 22 having various programs recorded therein, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 23 used as a work area, and a non-volatile memory 24 .
  • Each of these memories 22 to 24 is connected to the CPU 21 via a system bus 29 .
  • the non-volatile memory 24 can be a flash memory, for example, and serves to store various information on the reproducing apparatus 10 and a user.
  • the programs recorded in the ROM 22 will be described below.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 further includes a storage unit 31 .
  • the storage unit 31 serves to store various music data (digital music data) to be reproduced as music pieces.
  • the storage unit 31 can be a large-capacity flash memory or a small hard disk unit.
  • the storage unit 31 is connected to the system bus 29 .
  • the system bus 29 is connected to an interface circuit 32 so that music data is loaded from an external personal computer 51 to the microcomputer 20 through an input connector 33 and the interface circuit 32 and then stored in the storage unit 31 .
  • the music data to be stored in the storage unit 31 can be digital audio data which has been compressed into a MP3 (MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group)-1/Audio Layer 3 ) format or the like.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 also includes a reproducing circuit 34 , which is connected to the system bus 29 .
  • the reproducing circuit 34 has a decoder for expanding the compressed music data into digital audio data, a digital to analog (D/A) converter for converting the digital audio data into an analog audio signal, and an output amplifier.
  • D/A digital to analog
  • the music data is fetched from the storage unit 31 , the music data is expanded and converted into an analog audio signal.
  • the analog audio signal is output to a headphone jack 35 to which a headphone 52 is connected.
  • Various operation keys 36 are connected to a system bus 29 .
  • a display device for example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 38 is connected to the system bus 29 through a display control circuit 37 .
  • the operation keys 36 serves to allow a user to select whether the reproducing apparatus 10 is applied as a portable player or as a walking aid device, to select an operation mode in each of the applications, to select a music piece, and to perform various setting operations.
  • the LCD 38 serves to display a result of an operation of the operation keys 36 and information on a music piece being played.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 also includes a detecting unit 40 for detecting a walking tempo of a user walking carrying the reproducing apparatus 10 .
  • the detecting unit 40 is constituted by a three-dimensional acceleration sensor 41 and an analyzing circuit 42 for analyzing an output of the three-dimensional acceleration sensor 41 .
  • the three-dimensional acceleration sensor 41 detects body movement of the user.
  • the analyzing circuit 42 analyzes a result of the detection and outputs a pulse at a tempo synchronized with walking of the user.
  • the output of the detection of the walking tempo is loaded to the microcomputer 20 through the system bus 29 .
  • Music data of music pieces desired to be stored in the reproducing apparatus 10 is compressed and prepared in the personal computer 51 . Then, the personal computer 51 is connected to the connector 33 , and a predetermined transfer program is executed in the personal computer 51 so that transfer of the music data is instructed. Subsequently, the music data prepared in the personal computer 51 is fed to the reproducing apparatus 10 through the connector 33 . The music data is loaded to the CPU 21 through the interface circuit 32 and stored in the storage unit 31 .
  • the CPU 21 executes a predetermined program such that a tempo of the stored music data is analyzed and registered in one of playlists provided on the basis of categories of music tempos.
  • the walking tempo (walking speed) of a user is categorized into three types: VA (a normal tempo), VB (a tempo slower than VA), and VC (a tempo other than VA and VB).
  • VA a normal tempo
  • VB a tempo slower than VA
  • VC a tempo other than VA and VB.
  • Three playlists PA to PC are provided that correspond to the three types of tempos.
  • the music piece is registered in the playlist PA. If the tempo of another music piece is within a range of, for example, ⁇ 10 percent of the tempo VB, the music piece is registered in the playlist PB. A music piece whose tempo corresponds to neither the playlist PA nor the playlist PB is registered in the playlist PC.
  • music titles A 1 to Aa of music pieces whose tempos are within ⁇ 10 percent of the tempo VA are registered in the playlist PA.
  • Music titles B 1 to Bb of music pieces whose tempos are within ⁇ 10 percent of the tempo VB are registered in the playlist PB.
  • Music titles C 1 to Cc of music pieces whose tempos are neither within ⁇ 10 percent of VA nor VB are registered in the playlist PC.
  • These playlists PA to PC are stored in the non-volatile memory 24 , for example.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 When the reproducing apparatus 10 is used as a general portable player, an operation mode that enables a function of the portable player is selected using the operation keys 36 .
  • an operation mode that enables a function of the portable player is selected using the operation keys 36 .
  • music data stored in the storage unit 31 is read out.
  • the read music data is fed to the reproducing circuit 34 so as to undergo data expansion and D/A conversion.
  • an analog audio signal corresponding to the read music data is output from the reproducing circuit 34 .
  • This analog audio signal is supplied to the headphone 52 so that a user can listen to the music piece corresponding to the music data through the headphone 52 .
  • the title of the music piece being reproduced is displayed on the LCD 38 .
  • the music data is read out from the storage unit 31 in accordance with a reproducing mode which has been set in advance, such that reproduction of a single music piece, or sequential or random reproduction of music pieces is executed.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 can be used as a general portable player.
  • an operation mode that enables a function of the walking aid apparatus is selected using the operation keys 36 .
  • music pieces to be reproduced and the tempos of the music pieces are controlled in accordance with the walking tempo of a user as illustrated in diagrams I to IV shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the diagram I in FIG. 3 illustrates walking tempos of the user.
  • the user walks at the normal tempo VA.
  • the playlist PA corresponding to the tempo VA is selected in accordance with a detection output of the detecting unit 40 .
  • one of the music titles A 1 to Aa that have been registered in the playlist PA (for example, Al in this case) is selected.
  • the music data corresponding to the music title Al is read from the storage unit 31 and fed to the reproducing circuit 34 . Accordingly, during the period T 1 , the user is to listen to the music piece of the selected music title Al through the headphone 52 , as illustrated in the diagram II and III in FIG. 3 .
  • the music piece (title: Al, for example) of the normal tempo VA is reproduced.
  • the user is to listen to the music piece (title: A 1 ) of the normal tempo VA that is similar to the current walking tempo VA of the user.
  • the walking tempo of the user slows down to the tempo VB in a period T 2 subsequent to the period T 1 .
  • the playlist PB corresponding to the tempo VB is selected and the music title B 1 , for example, registered in the playlist PB is selected. Then, the music data corresponding to the music title B 1 is read from the storage unit 31 and fed to the reproducing circuit 34 .
  • the music piece (title: B 1 ) corresponding to the walking tempo VB of the user is subsequently reproduced. That is, even when the user reduces his or her walking tempo, the music piece and the music tempo are not changed immediately. Instead, a music piece of a slower tempo, which corresponds to the slower walking tempo in the period T 2 , starts being reproduced when the period t has elapsed.
  • the playlist PA corresponding to the tempo VA is selected.
  • the music title A 2 for example, registered in the playlist PA is selected.
  • the music data corresponding to the music title A 2 is read from the storage unit 31 and fed to the reproducing circuit 34 .
  • the music piece (title: A 2 ), which corresponds to the walking tempo VA, starts being reproduced. That is, when the user walks at the normal tempo VA again, a music piece of the tempo VA immediately starts being reproduced.
  • the reproducing apparatus 10 reproduces a music piece corresponding to a walking tempo of a user.
  • the walking tempo of the user changes from the normal tempo VA to the slow tempo VB, such as at the beginning of the period T 2 illustrated in FIG. 3
  • the music piece and the music tempo are changed with a delay of the predetermined period t. This arrangement prevents the user from feeling discomfort at the subsequent music piece and its tempo after the change.
  • the walking tempo of the user is changed from the slow tempo VB to the normal tempo VA, such as at the beginning of the period T 3 , the music piece and the music tempo are immediately changed.
  • This arrangement prevents a music piece to be reproduced from hindering walking of the user, and thus allows the user to walk appropriately at his or her normal tempo.
  • a playlist PD is added to the playlists PA to PC.
  • this playlist PD music titles D 1 to Dd of music pieces whose tempos are slower than the normal tempo VA and faster than the tempo VB (intermediate tempo VD) are registered. For example, if the tempo of a music piece is within a range of ⁇ 10 percent of a walking tempo of a user corresponding to the tempo VD, the music piece is registered in the playlist PD.
  • the music piece to be reproduced and the music tempo are controlled in accordance with the walking tempo, as illustrated in FIG. 4 .
  • the user is walking at the tempo VA in the period T 1 , similarly to the case illustrated using FIG. 3 , and the music piece [title: A 1 , for example] of the tempo VA is reproduced.
  • the playlist PD is selected and the music title D 1 registered in the playlist PD is selected in the predetermined period t starting at the beginning of the period T 2 . Then, music data corresponding to the selected music title D 1 is read from the storage unit 31 and fed to the reproducing circuit 34 .
  • the user is to listen to a music piece whose tempo is intermediate between the normal tempo VA and the slow tempo VB.
  • the playlist PB corresponding to the tempo VB is selected for the period T 2 .
  • the music title B 1 for example, registered in the selected playlist PB is selected.
  • the music data corresponding to the music title B 1 is read from the storage unit 31 and fed to the reproducing circuit 34 .
  • a music piece (title: B 1 , for example) corresponding to the current walking tempo VB starts being reproduced. That is, even when the user reduces his or her walking tempo, the music piece and the music tempo are not changed immediately. Instead, after the period t has elapsed, a music piece of a slow tempo corresponding to the walking tempo is reproduced.
  • a routine 100 performed by the reproducing apparatus 10 for implementing the processing illustrated using FIG. 3 is illustrated.
  • This routine 100 is stored in the ROM 22 and executed by the CPU 21 .
  • a walking tempo Vi of a user is detected by the detecting unit 40 .
  • the absolute value of ⁇ V calculated in STEP 102 is compared with a predetermined threshold value VTH (for example, the maximum value VTH of variation in walking tempo). If
  • VTH for example, the maximum value VTH of variation in walking tempo
  • a music title corresponding to the current walking tempo Vi (in this case, any one of the music title A 1 to Aa in the playlist PA) is selected.
  • the music data corresponding to the selected music title is read from the storage unit 31 and fed to the reproducing circuit 34 . Then, the routine returns to STEP 101 .
  • the routine returns to STEP 101 .
  • a music piece corresponding to the tempo VA starts being reproduced.
  • routine proceeds to STEP 121 .
  • a timer TMR for checking the period t is set to 0.
  • the timer is incremented by a predetermined amount ⁇ TMR, and then compared with the value t, at STEP 123 . If ⁇ TMR ⁇ t, indicating that the period t has not elapsed, the routine proceeds to STEP 124 .
  • the current walking tempo Vi of the user is detected. Then, at STEP 125 , the change ⁇ V in the walking tempo is calculated from Vi detected in STEP 124 and a walking tempo (Vi ⁇ 1) detected at a time point preceding to the detection in STEP 124 .
  • the absolute value of the change ⁇ V calculated in STEP 125 is compared with the maximum value VTH of variation in walking tempo. If
  • the walking tempo is maintained at the slow tempo VB during the period t, the processing of STEP 122 to STEP 126 is repeated. During this repetition period, a music piece of the normal tempo VA is reproduced and the timer TMR is incremented at a predetermined rate.
  • the routine proceeds to STEP 127 .
  • STEP 127 one of the music titles B 1 to Bb is selected from the playlist PB. Then, the music data corresponding to the selected music title is read from the storage unit 31 and fed to the reproducing circuit 34 . Then, the routine returns to STEP 101 .
  • the music piece of the slow tempo VB is reproduced when the predetermined period t has elapsed after the change of the walking tempo from the normal tempo VA to the slow tempo VB, as in the period T 2 .
  • the routine proceeds to STEP 128 .
  • one of the music titles A 1 to Aa corresponding to the normal tempo VA is selected from the playlist PA.
  • a music piece can be selected from the playlist PC, or a music piece can be selected regardless of the walking tempo, since there is no music piece whose tempo is zero.
  • the music pieces and music tempos can be changed in accordance with the walking tempo of the user, as illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a routine 100 performed by the reproducing apparatus 10 for implementing the processing described above with reference to FIG. 4 .
  • the routine 100 in this example includes processing of STEP 131 in addition to the routine 100 for described above with using in FIG. 3 . Specifically, if ⁇ V ⁇ 0 in STEP 111 (in the beginning of the period T 2 in FIG. 4 ), the routine proceeds to STEP 131 .
  • one of the music titles D 1 to Dd is selected from the playlist PD. Then, the music data corresponding to the selected music title is read from the storage unit 31 and fed to the reproducing circuit 34 . Then, the routine proceeds to STEP 121 . Thus, the music piece corresponding to the music title registered in the playlist PD is reproduced when the period t begins. Thereafter, the processing of STEP 121 to 126 is executed, similarly to the routine 100 illustrated in FIG. 5 .
  • the routine proceeds from STEP 123 to STEP 127 .
  • any one of the music pieces corresponding to the music titles registered in the playlist PB starts being reproduced at the end of the period t.
  • the routine proceeds similarly to the case illustrated using FIG. 5 .
  • the music pieces and music tempos can be changed in accordance with the walking tempo of the user, according to the routine 100 illustrated in FIG. 6 .
  • the average walking tempo over several seconds can be obtained.
  • the playlists PA to PD can also be stored in the storage unit 31 .
  • another tempo is applied in the period t as an intermediate tempo between the tempo VA and the tempo VB (i.e., the tempo VD), as illustrated using FIG. 4 .
  • a plurality of such intermediate tempos can also be applied.
  • a period similar to the period t illustrated in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 can be provided.
  • the period starts at the time point when the user stops walking.
  • a music piece of the tempo VB or a music piece whose tempo is slower than the tempo VB can be reproduced. It can also be configured such that silence is maintained during the period.
  • music pieces to be selected from each of the playlists PA and PB can be arranged so as to be reproduced in the order of the titles or at random. These music pieces can also be arranged so that one music piece is repeated.
  • the user can designate music pieces to be reproduced.
  • the acceleration sensor 41 can be provided inside the reproducing apparatus 10 . However, the acceleration sensor 41 can also be separated from the reproducing apparatus 10 and mounted on the headphone 52 , for example. In this case, the detection signal of the acceleration sensor 41 can be sent to the analyzing circuit 42 through a wired or wireless connection. Specifically, a communication unit and the detecting means 40 are stored in a case separated from the storage unit 31 , the reproducing circuit 34 , the microcomputer 20 , etc. Thus, using the communication unit, detection information of the detecting unit 40 can be sent to the microcomputer 20 .
  • a sensing device such as a velocity sensor, a pedometer, a gyro, and a GPS (Global Positioning System) can be employed.
  • the detecting unit 40 is not limited to being mounted on the body of a user. The detecting unit 40 can be carried in a pocket of the user's clothing or in the user's bag, as long as the unit can detect the walking tempo of the user.
  • music data is incorporated into digital video data. Further, as described in the foregoing, music data is changed to another when the amount of change in the walking tempo exceeds the threshold value VTH. This change can be validated or invalidated by setting of the user. In this case, the user can set an amount of the threshold value VTH. The user can also set a plurality of threshold values VTHs so as to appropriately apply each of the threshold values.
  • the threshold value VTH is set using an absolute value of a walking tempo.
  • the threshold value VTH is changed using an absolute value or set as a percentage of a walking tempo.
  • a time interval for the change ⁇ V can be set to a desired value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Indexing, Searching, Synchronizing, And The Amount Of Synchronization Travel Of Record Carriers (AREA)
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JPJP2005-351581 2005-12-06
JP2005351581A JP4654896B2 (ja) 2005-12-06 2005-12-06 オーディオ信号の再生装置および再生方法

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