US7438235B2 - Non-contact information medium and communication system using non-contact information medium - Google Patents

Non-contact information medium and communication system using non-contact information medium Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US7438235B2
US7438235B2 US10/566,988 US56698804A US7438235B2 US 7438235 B2 US7438235 B2 US 7438235B2 US 56698804 A US56698804 A US 56698804A US 7438235 B2 US7438235 B2 US 7438235B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
noncontact information
coil
reader
writer
information medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active, expires
Application number
US10/566,988
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
US20060196941A1 (en
Inventor
Masayuki Miura
Minoru Komiya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NHK Spring Co Ltd
Original Assignee
NHK Spring Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NHK Spring Co Ltd filed Critical NHK Spring Co Ltd
Assigned to NHK SPRING CO., LTD. reassignment NHK SPRING CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KOMIYA, MINORU, MIURA, MASAYUKI
Publication of US20060196941A1 publication Critical patent/US20060196941A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US7438235B2 publication Critical patent/US7438235B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07796—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements on the record carrier to allow stacking of a plurality of similar record carriers, e.g. to avoid interference between the non-contact communication of the plurality of record carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/59—Responders; Transponders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/22—Capacitive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/77—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for interrogation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a noncontact information medium and a communication system that use the noncontact information medium. More specifically, the invention relates to a noncontact information medium capable of accurately performing communications even when a plurality of noncontact information media are overlapped, and a communication system that uses the noncontact information medium.
  • An information medium is classified into a contact type or a noncontact type according to the communications method employed by the IC chip included in the medium to communicate with a reader-writer.
  • the noncontact information medium does not cause any contact failure because it does not contact with the reader-writer and can be used movably and remotely from the reader-writer.
  • the noncontact information medium is characterized by high resistance against dust, rain, and static electricity and by higher security. As a result, demand for the noncontact information medium is rising.
  • a typical noncontact information medium operates as follows.
  • the noncontact information medium receives electromagnetic waves from a reader-writer and obtains operating power by electromagnetic induction.
  • the noncontact information medium transmits data to and receives data from the reader-writer via radio waves.
  • the noncontact information medium and the reader-writer include an antenna for transmitting and receiving the radio waves.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic of a conventional noncontact information medium.
  • a conventional noncontact information medium 100 includes a coil 102 acting as an antenna that receives power from outside and that transmits and receives data, a capacitor 104 that forms, together with the coil 102 , a resonance circuit, and an IC chip 105 that controls an operation of the noncontact information medium 100 .
  • the noncontact information medium 100 has the IC chip 105 arranged generally in a central portion and the coil 102 provided around the IC chip 105 .
  • the noncontact information medium 100 is brought closer to a reader-writer that transmits radio waves for transmission and reception.
  • the coil 102 and the capacitor 104 of the noncontact information medium 100 resonate to generate an induced electromotive force, thereby carrying an induced current across the coil 102 .
  • This inducted current serves as a power for a power supply of the IC chip 105 , thereby allowing the IC chip 105 to operate and the noncontact information medium 100 to transmit data to the reader-writer via the coil 102 .
  • electromagnetic coupling between the reader-writer and the coil 102 of the noncontact information medium 100 enables transmission and reception of data between the noncontact information medium 100 and the reader-writer (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2001-34725).
  • the conventional noncontact information medium is used under the assumption that one noncontact information medium does not interfere with a different noncontact information medium.
  • a plurality of noncontact information media are close to the reader-writer or when a plurality of noncontact information media overlap, data transmission and reception cannot be accurately performed.
  • FIG. 13 when two the noncontact information media 100 of same size are overlapped, in particular, then the coils 102 serving as their respective antennas are located at the same position, and two the noncontact information media 100 interfere with one another. This results in disturbance of a resonance frequency, an unstable communication state, and an inability of holding a communication.
  • the present invention has been achieved in view of the problems in the conventional technology. It is an object of the invention to provide a noncontact information medium that can perform communication even when a plurality of noncontact information media overlap, and a communication system that uses the noncontact information medium.
  • a noncontact information medium includes a coil formed by a conductor; a capacitor that forms, together with the coil, a resonance circuit; and a control circuit that controls information transmitted and received to and from a reader-writer.
  • the coil has at least a part of the conductor cut off.
  • noncontact information medium by cutting off a part of the conductor of the coil, a frequency, at which a communication can be held with the reader-writer, is generated when many noncontact information media are close to the reader-writer and the noncontact information media can communicate with the reader-writer. Therefore, even when a plurality of noncontact information media according to the present invention is overlapped, accurate communication can be established between the noncontact information media, which are communication targets, and the reader-writer.
  • the coil has an inductance for making a resonance frequency of the resonance circuit higher than a frequency of an electromagnetic wave transmitted from the reader-writer when the noncontact information medium is arranged solely.
  • the coil generates an inductance for making a resonance frequency of the resonance circuit equal to a frequency of an electromagnetic wave transmitted from the reader-writer when a plurality of the noncontact information media are arranged to be close to the reader-writer.
  • the above noncontact information medium further includes an auxiliary coil substantially equal in inductance to the coil.
  • the coil generates an inductance for making a resonance frequency of the resonance circuit equal to a frequency of an electromagnetic wave transmitted from the reader-writer when a plurality of the auxiliary coils are arranged to be close to the reader-writer.
  • a communication system that holds a radio communication using electromagnetic induction, includes a plurality of noncontact information media each including a coil formed by a conductor at least a part of which is cut off; a capacitor that forms, together with the coil, a resonance circuit; and a control circuit that controls information transmitted and received through the resonance circuit; and a reader-writer that supplies an energy to the noncontact information media, that transmits data to the noncontact information media, and that receives the data transmitted from the noncontact information media.
  • a communication system that holds a radio communication using electromagnetic induction, includes a noncontact information medium that includes a coil formed by a conductor at least a part of which is cut off; a capacitor that forms, together with the coil, a resonance circuit; and a control circuit that controls information transmitted and received through the resonance circuit; an auxiliary coil substantially equal in inductance to the coil of the noncontact information medium; and a reader-writer that supplies an energy to the noncontact information medium, that transmits data to the noncontact information medium, and that receives the data transmitted from the noncontact information medium.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of a noncontact information medium according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic for explaining the shape of a coil shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective of a communication system according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic for explaining the number of noncontact information media with which the communication system shown in FIG. 3 can communicate;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic for explaining communications between the noncontact information medium and a reader-writer according to the embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic of an auxiliary card
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic for explaining the operation of the communication system according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic of another noncontact information medium shown in FIG. 7 ;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic for explaining the operation of the communication system according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic of another noncontact information medium according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic of still another noncontact information medium according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic of a conventional noncontact information medium.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective of a state where two noncontact information media of same size overlap.
  • a noncontact information medium is explained first.
  • the noncontact information medium according to the embodiment is characterized in that a part of a coil conductor is cut off.
  • the noncontact information medium performs communications with a reader-writer that transmits radio waves for transmission and reception when the number of noncontact information media is equal to or larger than a predetermined number.
  • a so-called special premium which is exchanged according to the number of prize media earned by a customer at a pachinko parlor and which includes an article exchangeable with money, will be explained as an example of the noncontact information medium.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of a noncontact information medium 10 according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts the noncontact information medium 10 .
  • the noncontact information medium 10 includes a coil 12 , a capacitor 14 , an IC chip 15 , and connectors 17 a and 17 b that connect the coil 12 to the capacitor 14 .
  • the coil 12 is provided around and around the IC chip 15 .
  • the coil 12 has a cutoff part 13 .
  • the coil 12 generates an induced electromotive force and supplies an induced current to the IC chip 15 connected to the coil 12 when the noncontact information medium 10 is brought closer to the reader-writer that generates the radio waves for transmission and reception.
  • the coil 12 also functions as an antenna that receives the radio waves for transmission and reception from the reader-writer and transmits the radio wave to the IC chip 15 , and that transmits data from the IC chip 15 to the reader-writer under predetermined conditions as will be explained later.
  • the capacitor 14 has a predetermined capacitance and forms a resonance circuit in cooperation with an inductance of the coil 12 .
  • the induced electromotive force generated by the coil 12 is supplied to the IC chip 15 from the coil 12 .
  • the IC chip 15 operates when this induced electromotive force is equal to a voltage at which the IC chip 15 is operable.
  • the IC chip 15 includes a transmitter-receiver 15 a that transmits a carrier wave according to the data to be transmitted to the coil 12 , a controller 15 b that controls the data relative to the received radio wave, and a memory 15 c that stores predetermined data.
  • the IC chip 15 controls the data to be transmitted and received.
  • the memory 15 c stores, for example, ID information, predetermined money types, a shop number, cipher data and the like.
  • the my-d chip manufactured by Infineon Technologies AG, for example, can be used as the IC chip 15 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic for explaining the shape of the coil 12 .
  • the coil 12 is formed by winding a conductor by predetermined turns, and the coil 12 has a part of this conductor cut off, i.e., the coil 12 has a cutoff part 13 .
  • the length of the cutoff part 13 is, for example, about 10 millimeters. Due to this, in the noncontact information medium 10 , an alternating current is not easily generated in the coil 12 as compared to the medium in which the conductor is not cut off. Namely, the noncontact information medium 10 has higher impedance. When single unit of the noncontact information medium 10 is brought closer to the reader-writer, the induced current generated by magnetic inductance is low. For instance, the induced current generated in the noncontact information medium 10 is about 20% of the induced current generated in the noncontact information medium in which the conductor of the coil 12 is not cut off.
  • the single noncontact information medium 10 is lower in the inductance L of the coil 12 than the noncontact information medium in which the conductor of the coil 12 is not cut off.
  • the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit of the noncontact information medium in which the conductor of the coil 12 is not cut off is equal to the frequency fc of the radio waves for transmission and reception.
  • the single noncontact information medium 10 has the resonance frequency fr higher than the frequency fc of the radio waves for transmission and reception transmitted from the reader-writer. Accordingly, the resonance frequency fr of the single noncontact information medium 10 does not coincide with the frequency fc of the radio waves for transmission and reception transmitted from the reader-writer.
  • the single noncontact information medium 10 does not, therefore, hold a communication with the reader-writer.
  • the inductance L of the coil 12 of each noncontact information medium 10 increases.
  • the coils 12 of the noncontact information media 10 influence one another.
  • a voltage supplied to the IC chip 15 of each noncontact information medium increases. If the voltage increases to the extent that the IC chip 15 is operable, then the IC chip 15 operates and can control data. It is assumed herein that the inductance L at which the resonance frequency fr coincides with the frequency fc of the radio waves for transmission and reception is Lc.
  • the resonance frequency fr coincides with the frequency fc of the radio waves for transmission and reception.
  • the coil 12 of each noncontact information medium 10 can transmit data to and receive data from the reader-writer.
  • the number of noncontact information media 10 by which the inductance L of each coil 12 is equal to Lc varies depending on the distance between the noncontact information media 10 . When adjacent noncontact information media 10 are arranged 3 millimeters apart, for example, the number of noncontact information media 10 by which the inductance L is equal to Lc is equal to or larger than 15.
  • the number of noncontact information media 10 by which the inductance L is equal to Lc is equal to or larger than eight. Furthermore, even when the number of noncontact information media 10 increases to be larger than that number, the inductance L of each coil 12 saturates substantially at Lc. Accordingly, a state where the resonance frequency fr substantially coincides with the frequency fc of the radio waves for transmission and reception is maintained.
  • a communication system that uses the noncontact information medium 10 is explained next.
  • this communication system can ensure holding an accurate communication even when a plurality of noncontact information media 10 overlaps.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective of the communication system according to the embodiment.
  • a communication system 30 includes a bundle 10 a of noncontact information media 10 and a reader-writer 20 that transmits data to and receives data from each noncontact information media in the bundle 10 a .
  • the noncontact information media 10 in the bundle 10 a are arranged in an overlapping manner.
  • the reader-writer 20 includes two reader antennas 22 for feeding power and transmitting and receiving data, a processor 24 that processes the data to be transmitted and received, a data output unit 26 , and an input unit 28 that inputs an operation of the reader-writer 20 .
  • the reader-writer 20 includes an anti-collision function, so that the reader-writer 20 can receive data from the noncontact information media 10 in the bundle 10 a in a batch process.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic for explaining the number of the noncontact information media 10 with which the communication system 30 can communicate.
  • FIG. 4 also depicts an example of a communication system using conventional noncontact information media. Specifically, in FIG.
  • the number of communicable noncontact information media 10 if the noncontact information media 10 are arranged on a line la at distances of 1 millimeter the number of communicable noncontact information media 10 if the noncontact information media 10 are arranged on a line lb at distances of 3 millimeters
  • the number of conventional communicable noncontact information media if the noncontact information media are arranged on a line lc at distances of 1 millimeter the number of conventional communicable noncontact information media if the noncontact information media are arranged on a line ld at distances of 3 millimeters.
  • the conventional noncontact information media the noncontact information media in each of which the conductor of the coil is not cut off are used.
  • the noncontact information media 10 when eight or more of them are overlapped at distances of 1 millimeter, communication can be established between the reader-writer and the noncontact information media 10 . Moreover, if 15 or more noncontact information media 10 are overlapped at distances of 3 millimeters, communication can be established between the reader-writer and the noncontact information media 10 . Whether the noncontact information media 10 are arranged at distances of 1 millimeter or 3 millimeters, a maximum number of communicable noncontact information media 10 is equal to a maximum number of noncontact information media 10 with which the reader-writer 20 can communicate. The number is, for example, 40 or more.
  • the noncontact information media 10 that can communicate with the, reader-writer 20 increases if the noncontact information media 10 are arranged closer to each other.
  • the reason is as follows. If the noncontact information media 10 are overlapped by a predetermined number or more, the inductance L of the coil 12 of each noncontact information medium 10 increases up to Lc, and the resonance frequency fr of each noncontact information medium 10 is equal to the frequency fc of the radio waves for transmission and reception.
  • the noncontact information media 10 and the reader-writer 20 in the communication system 30 can communicate with each other even when the noncontact information media 10 overlap.
  • An instance that the noncontact information media 10 communicate with the reader-writer 20 when the number of noncontact information media 10 is smaller than the predetermined number of noncontact information media 10 communicable with the reader-writer 20 is explained.
  • an auxiliary card that includes a coil that enables holding a communication is arranged near the noncontact information medium 10 . By doing so, the communication between the noncontact information media 10 and the reader-writer 20 is realized.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic for explaining communications between a single noncontact information medium 10 and the reader-writer 20 .
  • a bundle 41 a of auxiliary cards is overlapped on the noncontact information medium 10 .
  • the noncontact information medium 10 can communicate with the reader-writer 20 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the auxiliary card 41 .
  • the auxiliary card 41 includes a coil 12 , a capacitor 14 , and connectors 17 a and 17 b that connect the coil 12 to the capacitor 14 . That is, the auxiliary card 41 does not include an IC chip.
  • the coil 12 of the auxiliary card 41 has a cutoff part 13 similarly to the noncontact information medium 10 . As a result of this, it is considered that the inductance L of the coil 12 of the auxiliary card 41 is substantially the same as that of the coil 12 of the noncontact information medium 10 .
  • the inductance L of the coil 12 of the noncontact information medium 10 increases.
  • the inductance L of the coil 12 of each noncontact information medium 10 is equal to Lc, and the noncontact information medium 10 can communicate with the reader-writer 20 .
  • each of the auxiliary cards 41 does not communicate with the reader-writer 20 because of lack of the IC chip 15 .
  • a bundle 41 a of the auxiliary cards 41 is arranged near the noncontact information medium 10 , whereby an accurate communication can be held between the single noncontact information medium 10 and the reader-writer 20 .
  • the noncontact information medium 10 is arranged on the left end of the bundle 41 a .
  • an arrangement position of the noncontact information medium 10 is not limited thereto but the noncontact information medium 10 can be arranged on the right end of the bundle 41 a .
  • the noncontact information medium 10 can be arranged not on the end of the bundle 41 a but in the middle of the bundle 41 a so that the noncontact information medium 10 is put between the auxiliary cards 41 a .
  • the auxiliary card or cards 41 can be arranged near the noncontact information medium 10 so that the total number of the noncontact information media 10 and the auxiliary cards 41 is equal to the predetermined number. Even in this case, the inductance L of the coil 12 of each noncontact information medium 10 is equal to Lc, whereby an accurate communication can be held between the noncontact information media 10 and the reader-writer 20 .
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram of the operation of the communication system when the other noncontact information medium 50 is mixed into the bundle 10 a .
  • the noncontact information medium 50 includes a coil 52 in which a conductor is not cut off, a capacitor 54 , and an IC chip 55 .
  • the coil 52 and the capacitor 54 form a resonance circuit.
  • a resonance frequency of the resonance circuit is equal to the frequency of the radio waves for transmission and reception.
  • the reason is estimated as follows. Since the inductance of the noncontact information medium 50 is higher than that of the noncontact information medium 10 , the inductance of the noncontact information medium 50 influences the coil 12 and the capacitor 14 of the noncontact information medium 10 . In this way, if the noncontact information medium 50 is mixed into the bundle 10 a , the total number of the noncontact information media does not coincide with the total number of noncontact information media that actually communicate with the reader-writer 20 . This makes it possible to determine that the other noncontact information medium 50 is mixed into the bundle 10 a.
  • the counterfeit 60 includes, for example, a coil 52 and a capacitor 54 , and it does not include an IC chip. If such a counterfeit 60 is mixed into the bundle 10 a , the noncontact information media 10 cannot communicate with the reader-writer 20 because of the influence of the coil 52 of the counterfeit 60 on the noncontact information media 10 . In addition, the counterfeit 60 can not perform communications with the reader-writer 20 because of lack of the IC chip.
  • the reader-writer 20 does not receive data from the noncontact information media in the bundle 10 a . If communications cannot be thus be held between the noncontact information media in the bundle 10 a and the reader-writer 20 , it is possible to determine that the counterfeit 60 is mixed into the bundle 10 a.
  • the noncontact information medium 10 includes the cutoff part 13 formed by cutting off a part of the conductor of the coil 12 .
  • the noncontact information medium 10 can thereby accurately communicate with the reader-writer 20 even when the noncontact information media 10 equal to or larger in number than the predetermined number are overlapped.
  • noncontact information medium 10 In the communication system that uses the conventional noncontact information media, if many noncontact information media are close to each other, they are mutually influenced by the inductances of the others. As a result, only a few noncontact information media can communicate with the reader-writer. According to the noncontact information medium 10 in this embodiment, however, the closer the noncontact information medium 10 are, the larger the number of noncontact information media 10 that can communicate with the reader-writer. Due to this, the range of the number of communicable noncontact information media 10 widens as compared with the conventional noncontact information medium. The communication system according to this embodiment can, therefore, smoothly read data stored in the noncontact information media 10 .
  • the induced current carried across the coil of the noncontact information medium 10 according to this embodiment is lower than that of the noncontact information medium in which the conductor of the coil 12 is not cut off. Due to this, even when many noncontact information media 10 are communication targets for the reader-writer 20 , an amount of power fed by the reader-writer 20 to each of the noncontact information media 10 is small. The reader-writer 20 can, therefore, efficiently feed power to the noncontact information media 10 and the feeding ability of the reader-writer 20 can be suppressed.
  • auxiliary card 41 By using the auxiliary card 41 , accurate communication can be established between each noncontact information medium 10 and the reader-writer 20 even when the number of noncontact information media 10 is smaller than the predetermined number.
  • a cut length of the cutoff part 13 of the conductor of the coil 12 of the noncontact information medium 10 is about 10 millimeters.
  • the length is not limited to about 10 millimeters but the coil 12 can have a cutoff part 13 a having a length larger than 10 millimeters.
  • the coil 12 can have a cutoff part 13 b formed by cutting off the conductor by one turn. Whether the cutoff part 13 is replaced by the cutoff part 13 a or 13 b , an accurate communication can be established between the noncontact information media 10 equal to or larger in number than the predetermined number and the reader-writer 20 .
  • the memory 15 c of the IC chip 15 can store ID information, predetermined money types, a shop number, cipher data and the like.
  • the money type represents a value of the article which the noncontact information medium 10 includes.
  • the shop number identifies a shop to which the noncontact information medium 10 is distributed. A distribution route of the noncontact information medium 10 can be known by referring to the shop number.
  • the memory 15 c also includes data indicating that the article is exchanged with the money or not exchanged yet. By storing the cipher data, distribution of counterfeits is prevented. Examples of the cipher data include a result of performing a specific process on a specific number of an individual IC chip.
  • the reader-writer 20 which is a data reader, performs this specific process, compares the process result of the reader-writer 20 with the cipher data stored in the memory 15 c . If they coincide, the reader-writer 20 determines that the noncontact information medium is a legal noncontact information medium. If they do not coincide, the reader-writer 20 determines that the noncontact information medium is a counterfeit. By thus reading and writing the data stored in the memory 15 c , the reader-writer 20 can easily know the distribution of the noncontact information medium 10 .
  • the my-d chip manufactured by Infineon Technologies AG
  • the IC chip 15 is not limited to the my-d chip.
  • the IC chip 15 includes the transmitter-receiver 15 a , the controller 15 b , and the memory 15 c
  • a configuration of the IC chip 15 is not limited thereto but the IC chip 15 can be configured to include the transmitter-receiver 15 a and the memory 15 c.
  • the cutoff part 13 formed by cutting off a part of the conductor of the coil 12 is provided so as to make it difficult to carry the alternating current across the coil 12 and to increase the impedance of the noncontact information medium 10 .
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the capacitance C of the capacitor 14 By controlling the capacitance C of the capacitor 14 , the impedance of the noncontact information medium 10 can be increased.
  • the impedance of the noncontact information medium 10 can be increased.
  • the noncontact information medium 10 can be used as an article such as a card, a patient's chart used in a hospital, a book, an envelope, or a sheet, or used as a noncontact information medium included in an article such as a box of an equal or similar shape to that of the medium, a container, or a package. Even when these articles are arranged to be close to the reader-writer or overlapped, an accurate communication can be ensured by providing the noncontact information medium according to this embodiment.
  • the present invention exhibits an advantage in that accurate communication can be established between a plurality of noncontact information media and the reader-writer even when many noncontact information media are close to the reader-writer.
  • the noncontact information medium and the communication system that uses the noncontact information medium according to the present invention are effective when communication is to be established between a plurality of noncontact information media and a reader-writer while many noncontact information media are close to the reader-writer. They are particularly suited when the noncontact information media communicate with the reader-writer while a plurality of thin noncontact information media are overlapped.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
US10/566,988 2003-08-04 2004-07-30 Non-contact information medium and communication system using non-contact information medium Active 2025-01-22 US7438235B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003285884A JP4244169B2 (ja) 2003-08-04 2003-08-04 非接触情報媒体およびこれを用いた通信システム
JP2003-285884 2003-08-04
PCT/JP2004/011316 WO2005013501A1 (ja) 2003-08-04 2004-07-30 非接触情報媒体および非接触情報媒体を用いた通信システム

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060196941A1 US20060196941A1 (en) 2006-09-07
US7438235B2 true US7438235B2 (en) 2008-10-21

Family

ID=34113907

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/566,988 Active 2025-01-22 US7438235B2 (en) 2003-08-04 2004-07-30 Non-contact information medium and communication system using non-contact information medium

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7438235B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1653631A4 (de)
JP (1) JP4244169B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100759062B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1830155B (de)
WO (1) WO2005013501A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9455771B2 (en) 2011-03-22 2016-09-27 Freelinc Technologies Inc. System and method for close proximity communication
US9560505B2 (en) 2011-03-23 2017-01-31 Freelinc Technologies Inc. Proximity based social networking
US9621228B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2017-04-11 Freelinc Technologies Spatially aware communications using radio frequency (RF) communications standards
US10117050B2 (en) 2010-11-08 2018-10-30 Freelinc Technologies Inc. Techniques for wireless communication of proximity based content
US10164685B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2018-12-25 Freelinc Technologies Inc. Spatially aware wireless network
US11170284B2 (en) * 2018-05-31 2021-11-09 Toshiba Memory Corporation Semiconductor storage device

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2278545A3 (de) 2002-05-29 2011-04-13 Sony Corporation Informationsverarbeitungssystem
WO2010066955A1 (fr) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-17 Yves Eray Circuit d'antenne rfid
JP5533856B2 (ja) * 2009-03-30 2014-06-25 富士通株式会社 無線電力供給システム、無線送電装置、および無線受電装置
JP5421867B2 (ja) * 2010-07-05 2014-02-19 日本発條株式会社 情報カード管理装置
CN106203544A (zh) * 2015-02-11 2016-12-07 天地融科技股份有限公司 一种电子设备

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000269725A (ja) 1999-03-15 2000-09-29 Sony Corp アンテナ装置及びカード状記憶媒体
JP2000306066A (ja) 1999-02-19 2000-11-02 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 非接触型ｉｃカードおよびそのシステム
US6173900B1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2001-01-16 Hitachi, Ltd. IC card
JP2001034725A (ja) 1999-07-22 2001-02-09 Hitachi Maxell Ltd 非接触ｉｃモジュール及びその製造方法、並びに、非接触情報媒体
US6343744B1 (en) 1999-02-19 2002-02-05 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Noncontact type IC card and system therefor
US6386459B1 (en) * 1998-03-30 2002-05-14 Gemplus Contactless integrated-circuit card comprising inhibiting means
JP2003228693A (ja) 2002-02-05 2003-08-15 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Ｉｃカード
US20030178483A1 (en) * 2000-08-15 2003-09-25 Naoyuki Wakabayashi Noncontact communication medium and noncontact communication system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04321190A (ja) * 1991-04-22 1992-11-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 非接触型携帯記憶装置のアンテナ回路
DE19542900A1 (de) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-22 Cubit Electronics Gmbh Kontaktloser Datenträger
JP2002522999A (ja) 1998-08-14 2002-07-23 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 無線周波数識別システムへの用途
JP4319726B2 (ja) * 1999-02-19 2009-08-26 大日本印刷株式会社 非接触型ｉｃカードの製造方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6386459B1 (en) * 1998-03-30 2002-05-14 Gemplus Contactless integrated-circuit card comprising inhibiting means
US6173900B1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2001-01-16 Hitachi, Ltd. IC card
JP2000306066A (ja) 1999-02-19 2000-11-02 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 非接触型ｉｃカードおよびそのシステム
US6343744B1 (en) 1999-02-19 2002-02-05 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Noncontact type IC card and system therefor
JP2000269725A (ja) 1999-03-15 2000-09-29 Sony Corp アンテナ装置及びカード状記憶媒体
JP2001034725A (ja) 1999-07-22 2001-02-09 Hitachi Maxell Ltd 非接触ｉｃモジュール及びその製造方法、並びに、非接触情報媒体
US20030178483A1 (en) * 2000-08-15 2003-09-25 Naoyuki Wakabayashi Noncontact communication medium and noncontact communication system
JP2003228693A (ja) 2002-02-05 2003-08-15 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Ｉｃカード

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10117050B2 (en) 2010-11-08 2018-10-30 Freelinc Technologies Inc. Techniques for wireless communication of proximity based content
US10103786B2 (en) 2011-03-22 2018-10-16 Freelinc Technologies Inc. System and method for close proximity communication
US9455771B2 (en) 2011-03-22 2016-09-27 Freelinc Technologies Inc. System and method for close proximity communication
US9560505B2 (en) 2011-03-23 2017-01-31 Freelinc Technologies Inc. Proximity based social networking
US9621227B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2017-04-11 Freelinc Technologies Proximity boundary based communication using radio frequency (RF) communication standards
US9780837B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2017-10-03 Freelinc Technologies Spatially enabled secure communications
US9838082B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2017-12-05 Freelinc Technologies Proximity boundary based communication
US10038475B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2018-07-31 Freelinc Technologies Inc. Proximity boundary based communication using radio frequency (RF) communication standards
US10084512B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2018-09-25 Freelinc Technologies Proximity boundary based communication
US9705564B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2017-07-11 Freelinc Technologies Spatially enabled secure communications
US9621228B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2017-04-11 Freelinc Technologies Spatially aware communications using radio frequency (RF) communications standards
US10122414B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2018-11-06 Freelinc Technologies Inc. Spatially enabled secure communications
US10164685B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2018-12-25 Freelinc Technologies Inc. Spatially aware wireless network
US11170284B2 (en) * 2018-05-31 2021-11-09 Toshiba Memory Corporation Semiconductor storage device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1830155A (zh) 2006-09-06
WO2005013501A1 (ja) 2005-02-10
EP1653631A4 (de) 2009-06-17
KR100759062B1 (ko) 2007-09-14
EP1653631A1 (de) 2006-05-03
JP4244169B2 (ja) 2009-03-25
CN1830155B (zh) 2011-04-13
KR20060040730A (ko) 2006-05-10
US20060196941A1 (en) 2006-09-07
JP2005056118A (ja) 2005-03-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4452782B2 (ja) Ｒｆｉｄリーダ用多重ループアンテナ、これを有するｒｆｉｄリーダ、及びこれを有するｒｆｉｄシステム
US6830193B2 (en) Non-contact IC card
US6809703B2 (en) Contactless electronic tag for three-dimensional object
JP5026522B2 (ja) 受動共振回路を用いた高周波通信用トランスポンダの最適化された読取り方法およびシステム
US8109445B2 (en) Data carrier and data carrier system
CN101458761A (zh) 通信装置
US11030429B2 (en) Multipurpose RFID transponder and a system for reading it
US10671822B1 (en) Multipurpose RFID transponder and a system for reading it
US7438235B2 (en) Non-contact information medium and communication system using non-contact information medium
US8872721B2 (en) RFID reader and RFID system
CN101014968A (zh) 具有截头圆锥体工作区的非接触式支付卡读卡器
CN103340009A (zh) 用于移动电话的多模式通信***
JP2000251038A (ja) 無線情報記憶媒体及び無線情報記憶媒体の配置方法
JP2007221584A (ja) 商品管理用アンテナ及びその制御方法
US20140203989A1 (en) High frequency (hf)/ultra high frequency (uhf) radio frequency identification (rfid) dual-band tag antenna
US11790191B2 (en) Multipurpose RFID transponder and a system for reading it
EP2490294B1 (de) Übertragungs-/Empfangsantenne und Übertragungs-/Empfangsvorrichtung damit
JP2008134735A (ja) データキャリア及びデータキャリアシステム
WO2013117994A1 (en) Calculated compensated magnetic antennas for different frequencies
JP3632894B2 (ja) アンテナ装置及びカード状記憶媒体
EP1918861A2 (de) Datenträger und Datenträgersystem
JP2010004257A (ja) ループアンテナ及び無線送受信装置
JP4873158B2 (ja) Ｒｆｉｄリーダ装置
JP2009094681A (ja) 通信システム、通信装置、通信端末、並びにアンテナ
JP4237578B2 (ja) 非接触情報媒体、これを用いた通信システム、媒体特定方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: NHK SPRING CO., LTD., JAPAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MIURA, MASAYUKI;KOMIYA, MINORU;REEL/FRAME:017618/0684

Effective date: 20060109

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 8

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 12TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1553); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 12