US687898A - Safety-font for lamps. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. .3, I90I.

W. NUTLEY.

SAFETY FONT FUR LAMPS.

(Application Bled Oct. 29, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Sheet Il.

(No Model.)

Patented Dec. 3, 190|.

w. NOTLEY. SAFETY'FUNT FUR LAMPS.

(Application led Oct. 29, 1990.)

2 Sheets S-heet 2 (No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT Orifice.

WILLIAM NOTLEY, OF DULWICH, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES EDWIN FROST, OF LEWISHAM, ENGLAND.

SAFETY-FONT FOR LAMPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part f Lettem Patent NO. 687,898, dated December 3, 1901. Application led October 29, 1900. Serial No. 34,799- (No model.\

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM NOTLEY, artist, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at 9 Goodrich road, Lordship Lane, Dulwich, in the county of Surrey, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Safety-Fonts for Lamps, of which the following is a specification, reference being-had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters marked thereon.

The invention relates to improvements in or connected with lamps for burning hydrocarbon oil or spirit.

Itis Well known that'an ordinary petroleumlamp is a source of considerable danger, inasmuch as the capsizing thereof commonly results in serious fires and loss of life due to explosion, the liberation of aconsiderable volume of free oil, and other causes, while even in the absence of capsizingthe use of lowflash oil and the consequent accumulation of explosive vapor in ordinary lamps is highly dangerous. Although many devices have been suggested for the prevention of accidents due to the capsizing of lamps, such as the employment of automatic extinguishers designed to come into action upon the lamp assuming a given angle and appliances for trapping the oil and preventing the same Iiowing out of the wick-tube, at the present time no practical and effective remedy is in use.

Now the object of the present invention is to obtain a simple, inexpensive, and effective means for feeding the oil to the wick in the volume necessary, butonly as it is required to support combustion, for trapping the oil in the reservoir,for preventing the flame flashing back thereto, notwithstanding that the lamp may be overturned, for preventing the accumulation of explosive vapor, and for extinguishing the flame on the capsizing of the lamp. l

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical section of a nat-wick hydrocarbonlamp constructed according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the depending tube and connected parts, taken on the line l l of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of part of Fig. l, but with the burner removed. Fig. 4 is a plan or top view thereof. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of parts, illustrat- -perforate tube of any suitable cross-section,

which at its upper end is, by means of a top plate b, closed with the exception of a central slot of dimensions sufticient for the passage ofthe wick e, and this top plate b rests upon an annular flange a2 within the collar a of the reservoir a, while the depending tube b descends nearly to the bottom of the reservoir a, and at its lower end is covered or closed.

bya diaphragm or plate b3, of wire-gauze or the like, held in position by a ring or cap b4, screwing onto the tube h.

Attached to the top plate b of the depending tube h and passing through the wick-slot therein is a depending perforate tubular partition or chamber C, in cross-section the same shape as the Wick e and preferably constructed of fine wire-gauze and with a closed or imperforate lower end, and this perforate partition c is so proportioned that it terminates at or near the bottom of the depending tube b, and the space within the tubular perforate partition c constitutes a chamber to receive the wick and which more or less closely fits the same.

The top plate ZJ' of the depending tube b is provided with an exteriorly-threaded flange or rim b2, and in connection therewith is employed a dome b5, which is provided with a similar rim h6, interiorly threaded to screw onto the rim b2 of the top plate h and exteriorly threaded to screw into the interiorlythreaded collar a' ofthe reservoir ct, by which construction the depending tube b and dome b5 may be readily detached bodily from the reservoir ct at the times desired and as shown at Fig. 3. The dome h5 is provided with a threaded collar 197, into which screws the burner d, the opening through said collar being closed with the exception of a central IOO slot be, through which passes the wick e, and this slot coincides with that of the top plate b of the depending tube b, while beneath and around the slot bs of the dome and upon the interior thereof is arranged an inverted cone b9, which is correspondingly slotted at blo for the passage of the wick e.

The reservoir on the exterior ot' the depending tube b is packed with bran or other suitable vegetable absorbent material f, either alone or combined with other material, and the space between the perforate partition c and depending tube b and the space within the dome b5 are similarly packed. .The oil is filled into the reservoir a through the filler d3 -in the usual way and saturates the branf therein, and itthence filtrates or is conducted by capillary attraction through the wire-gauze bottom b3 of the depending tube Z) and saturates the packing material f surrounding the perforate tubular partition or wick-chamber c, which is at least coextensive with the wick, and this in turn gives up the oil to the wick e overits entire length within the depending tube b, and the packing materialf within the dome b5, which also becomes saturated, acts as an auxiliary feed directly beneath the burner d. The wick e is thus efficiently fed `with oil over the greater part of its length until the oil held by the packing matorialf becomes completely exhausted, and consequently the usual diminution of the iiame from the falling of the oil-level is avoided and a brilliant light is insured to the last. As all interior spaces are filled with packing material f, an accumulation of vapor is impossible, added to which said material forms an effective block against the back flash of the flame, so that an explosion cannot take place from that cause, while inasmuch as there is no free oil Within the lamp the latter may be overturned with impunity and the flame will simply die out. In the event of the lamp being capsized, any slight quantity of drainageoil is effectually trapped by the depending tube b in the first place and by the dome b5 and inverted cone b9 in the second place, so that no free oil can escape at the wick-tube d of the burner d.

In the example given at Fig. 5 the top plate bl of the depending tube ZJ has a dished form given thereto, by which means any free or drainage oil in the dome b5 will be caused to gravitate toward the wick e.

In the example given at Fig. 6 the arrangement of the parts is shown when the invention is applied to a round-Wick burner, the perforate partition or tubular wick-case c being of annular form and packed on all sides with the material f.

A lamp constructed in the manner above described presents such features of safety that the flame may be extinguished by blowing directly down the chimney Without danger of fire or explosion.

If desired, any known and simple form of automatic extinguisher may be employed to immediately extinguish the flame on the lamp overturning.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim isl. A hydrocarbon-lamp comprisinga reservoir or container, a burner, a depending tube extending nearly to the bottom of the reservoir and perforated at its lower end, a depending perforate tubular partition or wickcase formed with a closed lower end and arranged in alinement with the wick-tube and designed to receive the wick and a packing or filling of vegetable material in a finely-divided state substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.

2. A hydrocarbon-lamp comprising a reservoir or container, a depending tube extending nearly to the bottom of the reservoir and perforated at its lower end, a top plate closing the upper end of said depending tube, a central slot for the wick in said plate, a flange or support on the neck of the reservoir for said plate, a depending perforate tubular partition or wick-case formed with a closed lower end and arranged in the slot of the top plate and designed to receive the wick, a dome covering said top plate and carrying the burner, an inverted slotted cone depending from the dome beneath the burner and a lilling of vegetable material in a finely-divided state packed into the reservoir around the depending tube, into the depending tube around the perforate tubular partition and into the dome substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.

3. A hydrocarbon-lamp comprising a reservoir or container having an interiorly-t-hreaded collar provided with an annular horizontal flange, a depending tube extending nearly to the bottom of the reservoir and perforated at its lower end, a top plate closing the upper end of said depending tube and formed with a threaded rim and a central slot for the Wick, a dome carrying the burner and having a rim interiorly threaded to screw onto the rim of the top plate and exteriorly threaded to screw into the collar of the reservoir, an inverted slotted cone arranged within the dome beneath the burner, a depending perforate tubular partition or wick-case formed with a closed lower end and arranged in the slot of the top plate and designed to receive the wick and a filling of vegetable material in a finely-divided state packed into the reservoir around the depending tube, into the depending tube around the perforate tubular partition and into the dome substantially as herein shown and described and for the pur pose stated.

WILLIAM NOTLEY. Witnesses:

C. MELBOURNE WHITE, C. H. WHITE.

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