US658110A - Steam-boiler. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. l8, I900. E. N. JANsON.

STEAM BOILER. (Applicafion filed Feb. 1, 1900.

4 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR:

m. 658,1l0. Patented Sept. I8, I900. E. N. JANSONQ STEAM BGiLER.

(Application filed Feb. 1, 1900.) Modem 4 Sheets-Shget F 1 I L 1 I I I I I Wmvsssas INVENTOR 4 Sheets- 8MB! 3.

Patented Sept. 18, I900.

E. N. JANSON. STEAM BMLER.

(Applcabion filed Feb. 1, 1900.)

(No Model.)

Fr 5 .V.

Flam

Pram

INVENTOR ITNESSEIS Patented Sepi. i8 E.-N.-JANSON. STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Feb. 1, 1900. J

ffxiiifmflil M Q j 1, 5. r Y T 4 fi Z m i; i W 7 T .N- a 3 I: k ll bll l (No Model.)

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST JANSON, OF W'ASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

STEAM- BOILER.

srncmroarlon forming part of Letters IPatent No. 658,110, dated September 18, 1900. Application filed February 1. 1900. Serial No. 8.6 44. (110 model.)

While in many respects relating to watertube boilers in general, my invention refers specifically to that water-tube boiler on which Letters Patent of the United States No. 727,754 were granted .to me on June 27, 1899. In the'patent referred toI illustrated and described a sectional boiler, in which my object was to obtain for the water and gases of combustion a circulation as nearly perfect as possible; but although such results in the main have been obtained I am aware that still better results may be gotten with the improvements appended. T ese improvements are clearly shown onthe drawings and fully described in the following specification.

Experience with water-tube boilers of the type shown has demonstrated that in the lower rows of tubes, due to the intense heat, a violent and rapid conversion of water into steam takes place, rendering said tubes to become overheated and elongated with a permanent set due to excess of the elastic limit in the material. This injurious action is principally caused by the sluggishness in the supply of circulating water through these tubes. In order to counteract the distortioning efiects spoken of, I have shown a boiler of identical features as the one described in Letters Patent No. 627,754, but with direct downcomers or downfiow-pipes at each end of each drum, as in Figures. 1, II, IV, and V, or a number of side downcomers connecting the intermediate pipes 11 andll as well as the drums 5 and 5. with the collectors 30 and 31. In Figs. VI and VII said downconiers connect from the middle of each drum to-a manifold placed at the lower ends of the lower headers, the manifold or manifolds of each boiler uniting the steam-drum of the opposite boiler. The manifolds so arranged will also serve as blow-0E connections. The above-mentioned downcomers will in an eficientway form the necessary supports of the drums, leaving every section of the tubes and headers of each boiler in a suspended state, allowing free movements, caused by expansion or contraction. The lower row of tubes are spaced with a greater central distance to the adjoining row than any other two rows of tubes in order to facilitate placing of the partiti'onsin tended to bafile the gases before the uptakes are reached. These partitions or baiiiers are specially advantageous when, owing to various circumstances, the height of the boiler is limited and the uptake area for the gases between the generating-tubes is excessive, in' this that said gasesof combustion are constrained to traverse the full width of the boiler, acting longer and more directly on its efiicient heating-surface.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. I is a part-vertical section through the center of the boiler as well as a part outside view showing casing and side downcomers. Fig. II is a part-sectional view of Fig. at a line X X and-a part full view showing the outside of the boiler with the casing removed. Fig. VIII is a section along a line X X, showing the severalside downcomers, and Fig. IX is a sectional view of Fig. VIII.

comers form tire-walls. Figs. IV, V, VI, and VII show modifications in the arrangement of 'dow'ncomers. In Figs. IV and V the same arrangement exists as in Figs-I and I), with the exception that the independent downflowpipes 4 and 4, uniting each header to the drum of the opposite steam-generator,are dispensed with and the whole supply of circulating water is conveyed to the headeiis through the manifolds by means of the side downcomers alone. Figs. VI and VII contain the same general arrangement of headers,generating-tubes,steam-dru ms,and manifolds as Figs. 1, II, IV, and V; but instead of placing downcomers at each end, as shown in Figs. -I,-II, IV, and V, one larger downcomer is placed at about the middle of each drurn,connecting the manifolds of each bofle'r to the drum of the opposite steam-generator. The independen t downfiow-pipes 4 and 4',con-

neoting the headers, aspreviously described,

may either be used or dispensed with, Figs.

This arrangement makes a boiler in which the side down- VI and VII on the drawings showing them omitted. The last arrangement offers advantages in such a way that by means of a parting wall or walls E the grate becomes divided up among two or more independent furnaces, the nnmberbeing in relation to the number of downcomers used; This modification facilitates cleaning fires in one furnace withoutshuttingdown the whole boiler. Fig. 111 illustratesa method of securing the ends of thetubes to both sides of the header with an extension left on the tubes outside of the headers, 'to which extension'the closing-caps T are screwed on securely.

In the drawings, 1 1' represent water-tubes which are secured to the headers by expanding them in the holes provided in opposite sides for their reception. Each of the upper headers 22' connects to the drums 5 5' by means of short tubes 3 3', or the headers may be drawn out to form this connection, substituting the short tubes 3 3. Each lower header 2 :2 is joined tot'ne drum of the opposite boiler by means of extensions 4 l on the header itself or by tubes secured to the headers in a manner shown and described in Letters Patent No; 627,754, or as shown in Fig. VIII. At each end of the drum and at intermediate. pla'ces, if considered necessary, is'placed a connecting-pipe 11 and 11' between the two drnms. At the lower end of the lower headers outside manifolds 16 and 16' connect all headers by means of lower tubes extended or short tubes 25. These manifolds are either made continuous in one piece or divided .up

in two or more pieces in order to allow for adiiference in expansion and contraction of the boiler in various parts over the furnace. In Figs. 1, II, IV, and Vthe side downconiers L L and L L connect to the ends of the manifolds 16 and lo", and in Figs. VI and VIIv with collectors 30 and 31, to which the manifolds l6 and 16 are connected by means ofpipes 23 and 24:, these downcomers being invariably so formed as to constitute substan-- v tial supportsfor carrying the weight of the boiler. In case the manifolds are divided each part is connected by a pipe S. .The b'afflers l7 and 18 are arranged on top of the lower and upper rows of tubes on which they rest. They extend at the bottom from one side of the f u-rnace to within a distance of the opposite side,leaving an opening large enough for smoke-uptake between the uubafiied tubes with a similar arrangement provided for on the top rows of the tubes.

4 The vertical tubes 6 in Figs. I and II represent air-heating tubes, having for their functions to abstract the heat from the escaping gases. The air-box l9,contaiuing these tubes, is partitioned off, so as to form two heat. boxes, with a connecting-fine 20 at the bottom.

The side downcomers L and L in The space between these heat-boxes facili-Iv .tates cleaning and renewal of the air-heating tubes. r V 7 A represents the combnstion-chamber,'G;

the grate-bars, and C the ash-pit. a

E is some refractory material, and D rep-j resents the fire-doors. B is an ash-pan. V g 7 12 is the casing.- V In the process of combustion the products 7 of gases rise to the roof of the furnace andafterward enter the openings V, thence as; cend among the generating-tubes u ntil.re-; 8 tarded by bafiier 17. At this stage the whole 1 volume traverses under said baflier to openings V and then to the'uptakes through the j' heater-tubes 6. V V

'The air-box 19 may by a simple arrange 8 went, such as placing a'diaphragm 21.:itthe' 7 one end of the uptake, be made the smoke-:1 box by allowing the gases to pass throughthei sides of the casing and thence through smoke-r fines similar to the air-trunk 7. r In this case. '9 said gases pass on the outside of the heater-1. tubes and the airthrough the same, whence it enters the ash-pit through trunk 13 after] first having passed an opening in'the side of the casing. 1 I Q T g The water circulates from the lowerheltd ers 2 2 through the generating-tubes lil 'toi" the upper headers 2' 2', and thence through 3 3' into the drums 5 5, and from the. drum; of each, steam-generatordireotly by meansof the down flow-pipes (or extensions on the head ers) marked at .4 and indirectly byme'ans vof bination of two steam-generators, each com-.

posed of a steam-drum, water-tnbes-and sing" gie headers arranged in elements, separate-1 downflow-pipes on the outer sides unitingeach lower header of each element tin-reach: steam-generator with the drum of the 'op'po site steam-generator, a manifold or manifo do, located at the lower ends of the lower head-j ers of each steam-generator, said manifolds connecting each lower header in each steam -'2 generator, and downcomers forming communications between the steam and water drnnr; or drums of each steamgenerator with the; manifold or manifolds of the opposite steam! generator, substantially as and for thepn r pose set forth. q 7, 7

2. In an aggregate steam-generator theiodm bination of two steam-generators, eachoom' posed of a steam drum or drums, water -tubes.

aior, said manifolds connecting each lower header in each steam-generator, and downcomers forming communications between the st am and water drum or drums of each steamgenerator with the manifold or manifolds of the opposite steam-generator, substantially as and f or the purpose set forth.

53. In an aggregate steam-generator the com- 'binution of two steam-generators, each composed of a steam drum or drums, water-tubes and single headers arranged in elements, a manifold or manifolds located outside of and at the lower ends of the lower headers of each steam-generator, short tubes connecting each header in each steam-generator to the manifolds, parting-walls built between the dowuoomers placed at the front and back of tluboiler, said downoomers forming communications between the steam and water drum or drums of each steam generator with the manifold or manifolds of the opposite steamgeuerator substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an aggregate steam-generator the combination of two stearmgenerators, each oomposed of a steam-drum, water tuhes and single headers arranged in elements, separate downilowpipes on the outer sides uniting".

each lower header of each element in each steam-generator with the drum of the opp0- site steam-generator, and an arrangement of balllers, which constrain the gases of C0111- bustion to take defined, horizontal courses across the tubes over the full width of the boiler, substantially as shown and described and for the purpose set forth.

In a water-tube boiler composed of steamdruins, water-tubes and separate headers, said tubes and headers being arranged in elements, in which the tubes pass one another in vertical planes, the tubes forming obtuse angles, bafflers resting on the top and bottom rows of said tubes with an open space provided between the said bafiers and the sides of the "boiler, the said open space in the bottom bafiier being located on the opposite side of the similarly-arranged space in the top batfler, all for the gases to enter and depart during their passage among the tubes, substantially as described.

ERNEST N. JANSON. \Vitnesses:

W. F. SICARD, F. S. MORAN.

rs Patent No. 658,110, granted September 18, 1900, of Ernest N. Jansen, of \Vashiugtoh, District of Columbia, for steam Boilez's, an errm' appears in the printed specificatiofi as follows: In line 14, page 1, petent number 727,754 should 754; and that the said Letters Patent; should be read with this correction y ceni'orm to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice. and sealed this 16th day of October, A. D., 1900.

F. L. CAMPBELL, Assistant SecretqTy of the Interior.

6 t t .m m P W d 1W. d e 6 n e n 1 M fi o n n m L i 1 .1 1 L 3 t 1 O a S s w r. a .1 S r h 2 e c ..u b 9 U n O .1 D C 6 t w e 6 b n D W Y P m r t u d 0 10 P e M t O m C m a V C a C 1.... B e e o g 7 mm d u .9. m m N .m 2 n e E m C m Y 6 D "NU n 1 .1 av 00 n t o u d A l u I P n m Mm w O u a Y r mm C 2 2 22$ &3 5 562.5

Images