US622513A - Apparatus for manufacturing mirrors - Google Patents
Apparatus for manufacturing mirrors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US622513A US622513A US622513DA US622513A US 622513 A US622513 A US 622513A US 622513D A US622513D A US 622513DA US 622513 A US622513 A US 622513A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- rollers
- glass
- mirrors
- supporting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 34
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035693 Fab Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000677635 Tuxedo Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036633 rest Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/0285—Stands for supporting individual articles to be sprayed, e.g. doors, vehicle body parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/6838—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping with gripping and holding devices using a vacuum; Bernoulli devices
Definitions
- My invention relates to improvements in an apparatus for manufacturing mirrors; and it consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter described more particularly, and pointed out in the claims.
- Figure 1 is a top plan view of my complete invention.
- Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section taken on the line 00 of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a detail side elevation of one of the roller-supporting bearings arranged along one edge of the mercury-table, and
- Fig. 4 is a similar view of one of the roller-supporting bearings arranged upon the feedingtables.
- My invention is designed to be used in combination with a mercury-table of Well-known construction for manufacturing what are commonly known as mercury-back mirrors, wherein tin-foil is first carefully spread or laid upon the bed of the table, and upon said foil mercury is poured over and held upon the same, after which the glass to be coated on one side to produce a mirror is slowly and carefully floated over and upon the mercury, slightly below the surface of the same, and the glass allowed to remain upon said mercury for a given length of time until the desired result is obtained.
- tin-foil is first carefully spread or laid upon the bed of the table, and upon said foil mercury is poured over and held upon the same, after which the glass to be coated on one side to produce a mirror is slowly and carefully floated over and upon the mercury, slightly below the surface of the same, and the glass allowed to remain upon said mercury for a given length of time until the desired result is obtained.
- I employ one or more fixed and rigid supporting-tables, which are located adjacent and in close proximity to the feeding edge of the mercury-table and the said supporting-tables being provided with a suitable number of fixed bearings supporting rollers located a suitable distance above the bed of the mercury-table, upon which rollers the glass to be coated is first placed and subsequently moved in a horizontal plane through the mercury on the mercury-table.
- I also arrange any number of rollers along the feeding edge of the mercury-table, also located a suit-able dis tance above the bed of the mercury-table.
- 1 represents a mercury-table of the Well-known construction, upon the bed of which the tin-foil and mercury are placed in the well-known manner.
- table 1 Arranged along and fixed to the longitudinal edge of the table 1 are any number of bearings 2, which are adapted to receive the spindles 3 of suitable rollers 4, the latter projecting a suitable distance above the bed of the said table, whereby the mercury when placed upon the table will be slightly above said rollers, it being understood that glass or other strips are fixed to the bed for holding the mercury in the well-known manner.
- one or more supporting tables 5 may be used; but I preferably employ two of sullicient height and dimensions, leaving a space 6 between them,
- rollers 4 and 9 are arranged at a'height sufficient to cause the glass to be fed and floated slightly below the surface of the mercury located on the bed of the mercury-table, which is absolutely necessary to produce the necessary results.
- rollers 4 and 9 be kept at all times as clean as possible in order that no marks or streaks may be made upon the glass, and, further, it may become necessary to slightly adjust the spindles of the rollers in order that the glass may be fed at a proper level in respect to the mercury, and for these reasons I employ such bearings as'will accomplish the desired results, as plainly shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings.
- the spindles 3 of the rollers 4 are received by bearing-blocks 10, which blocks are adjustable vertically within the bracket 2 by a screw 11, which is screwed through the bottom of said bracket and bears against and supports the block 10, the parts being held in an adjusted position by a nut-lock 12.
- the top of the bracket 2 or its open end is covered by a hinged plate 13, the same being securely held in place by a nut 14.
- rollers along the feeding edge of the mercurytable, as supports may be substituted and arranged at intervals in a like manner, over which the glass may he slid or moved; but the rollers are preferablyused, for the reason that bytheir use the friction is reduced to a minimum.
- An apparatus for manufacturing mercury-back mirrors comprising an ordinary mercury-table, rollers arranged along the feeding edge of the same, and means in rear of said rollers for supporting the glass previous to being floated as and for the purpose described.
- An apparatus for manufacturing mercury-back mirrors comprising an ordinary mercury-table, one or more supporting-tables located adjacent to the feeding edge of the said mercury-table, and rollers arranged upon the upper surface of the supporting-tables, and along the feeding edge of the mercurytable, substantially as described.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
Description
m1. 622,5!3. Patntad Apr. 4, I899.
n. a. mumms. APPARATUS FM? MANUFACTURING MIRRORS.
(Application filed Fab. 2, 1898.)
(No Model.)
WITNESSES //v. VENTOI? ,DanzfeZ ffldrzzane. a) bmwabm THE NORRIS PETERS o0. PHOTO-LITNQ. WASHINGTON. a, c.
STATES PATENT much,
DANIEL J. MURNANE, OF TUXEDO PARK, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL MERCURY MIRROR COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.
APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING MIRRORS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 622,513, dated April 4, 1899.
Application filed February 2, 1898. Serial No. 668,342. (No model.)
To alt whom it may 007mm.-
130 it known that I, DANIEL J. MURNANE,
, a citizen of the United States, residing at Tuxedo Park, in the county of St, Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for h'lanufaeturing Mirrors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying draw ings, forming a part thereof.
My invention relates to improvements in an apparatus for manufacturing mirrors; and it consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter described more particularly, and pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings, Figure 1 is a top plan view of my complete invention. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section taken on the line 00 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail side elevation of one of the roller-supporting bearings arranged along one edge of the mercury-table, and Fig. 4: is a similar view of one of the roller-supporting bearings arranged upon the feedingtables.
My invention is designed to be used in combination with a mercury-table of Well-known construction for manufacturing what are commonly known as mercury-back mirrors, wherein tin-foil is first carefully spread or laid upon the bed of the table, and upon said foil mercury is poured over and held upon the same, after which the glass to be coated on one side to produce a mirror is slowly and carefully floated over and upon the mercury, slightly below the surface of the same, and the glass allowed to remain upon said mercury for a given length of time until the desired result is obtained. lleretofore it has been necessary to employ only skilled men for this class of work from the fact that the glass to be coated must be carefully and slowly fed and floated over the mercury slightly below its surface by hand, the greatest care being .taken to always hold the glass in such a position that its lower surface or that side to be coated is brought in contact with the mercury on a horizontal line or plane with the surface of said mercury; otherwise it is im possible to obtain a perfect mirror. Mirrors them has been so great on account of the uncertainty of producing them, and the great loss of time and material has caused the discontinuance of their manufacture to a large extent. In order to dispense with the skilled handling of the glass, I employ one or more fixed and rigid supporting-tables, which are located adjacent and in close proximity to the feeding edge of the mercury-table and the said supporting-tables being provided with a suitable number of fixed bearings supporting rollers located a suitable distance above the bed of the mercury-table, upon which rollers the glass to be coated is first placed and subsequently moved in a horizontal plane through the mercury on the mercury-table. In order to more thoroughly guide and hold the glass in the proper plane, I also arrange any number of rollers along the feeding edge of the mercury-table, also located a suit-able dis tance above the bed of the mercury-table.
By the employment of the supporting-tables and rollers for same and the rollers on the feeding edge of the mereury-table,upon which the glass rests and is moved, an inexperienced person can easily move the glass in the proper plane in respect to the mercury, slightly below the surface of the same, and consequently a perfect mirror is produced at every opera tion.
Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a mercury-table of the Well-known construction, upon the bed of which the tin-foil and mercury are placed in the well-known manner. Arranged along and fixed to the longitudinal edge of the table 1 are any number of bearings 2, which are adapted to receive the spindles 3 of suitable rollers 4, the latter projecting a suitable distance above the bed of the said table, whereby the mercury when placed upon the table will be slightly above said rollers, it being understood that glass or other strips are fixed to the bed for holding the mercury in the well-known manner.
In carrying out my invention one or more supporting tables 5 may be used; but I preferably employ two of sullicient height and dimensions, leaving a space 6 between them,
permitting the operator to handle the glass from the center thereof, and therebyhave perfect control of the same.
Secured to the upper surface of the tables 5 and arranged in any position in respect to one another are bearings 7, which receive the spindles 8 of the rollers 9, the said rollers bein g on a plane with the, rollers 4, upon which the glass is first placed and subsequently moved or fed over and upon the rollers4 to the mercury located on the table 1.
In carrying out my invention it will be observedthatthe rollers 4 and 9 are arranged at a'height sufficient to cause the glass to be fed and floated slightly below the surface of the mercury located on the bed of the mercury-table, which is absolutely necessary to produce the necessary results.
In further carrying out my invention it is necessary that the rollers 4 and 9 be kept at all times as clean as possible in order that no marks or streaks may be made upon the glass, and, further, it may become necessary to slightly adjust the spindles of the rollers in order that the glass may be fed at a proper level in respect to the mercury, and for these reasons I employ such bearings as'will accomplish the desired results, as plainly shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings.
The spindles 3 of the rollers 4 are received by bearing-blocks 10, which blocks are adjustable vertically within the bracket 2 by a screw 11, which is screwed through the bottom of said bracket and bears against and supports the block 10, the parts being held in an adjusted position by a nut-lock 12. The top of the bracket 2 or its open end is covered by a hinged plate 13, the same being securely held in place by a nut 14. By this construc tion the rollers and bearing-blocks may be removed from the brackets at any time for cleaning said rollers. The bearings 7, arranged upon the tables 5, are likewise constructed for the same purposes and need no further description.
I do not limit myself to the employment of rollers along the feeding edge of the mercurytable, as supports may be substituted and arranged at intervals in a like manner, over which the glass may he slid or moved; but the rollers are preferablyused, for the reason that bytheir use the friction is reduced to a minimum.
Having fully described my inx ention, what I claim is 1. An apparatus for manufacturing mercury-back mirrors comprising an ordinary mercury-table, rollers arranged along the feeding edge of the same, and means in rear of said rollers for supporting the glass previous to being floated as and for the purpose described.
2. An apparatus for manufacturing mercury-back mirrors, comprising an ordinary mercury-table, one or more supporting-tables located adjacent to the feeding edge of the said mercury-table, and rollers arranged upon the upper surface of the supporting-tables, and along the feeding edge of the mercurytable, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
DANIEL J. MURNANE.
Witnesses:
ALFRED A. MATHEY, O. F. KELLER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US622513A true US622513A (en) | 1899-04-04 |
Family
ID=2691119
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US622513D Expired - Lifetime US622513A (en) | Apparatus for manufacturing mirrors |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US622513A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2716076A (en) * | 1952-10-08 | 1955-08-23 | Luminous Processes Inc | Method and apparatus of radium coating |
US3403660A (en) * | 1967-04-21 | 1968-10-01 | Guy H.V. Delepiere | Device for processing articles of non-magnetic material |
US20020100941A1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-01 | Takao Yonehara | Thin-film semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same |
US20050095442A1 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-05 | Byers Charles L. | Ceramic to noble metal braze and method of manufacture |
-
0
- US US622513D patent/US622513A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2716076A (en) * | 1952-10-08 | 1955-08-23 | Luminous Processes Inc | Method and apparatus of radium coating |
US3403660A (en) * | 1967-04-21 | 1968-10-01 | Guy H.V. Delepiere | Device for processing articles of non-magnetic material |
US20020100941A1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-01 | Takao Yonehara | Thin-film semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same |
US20050095442A1 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-05 | Byers Charles L. | Ceramic to noble metal braze and method of manufacture |
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