US5276655A - Method and device for simplifying the localization of a subsurface zone within the scope of a seismic exploration - Google Patents

Method and device for simplifying the localization of a subsurface zone within the scope of a seismic exploration Download PDF

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US5276655A
US5276655A US07/920,496 US92049692A US5276655A US 5276655 A US5276655 A US 5276655A US 92049692 A US92049692 A US 92049692A US 5276655 A US5276655 A US 5276655A
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seismic
position signal
data
seismic data
recording
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Joseph Rialan
Gerard Thierry
Christian Grouffal
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Assigned to INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE reassignment INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GROUFFAL, CHRISTIAN, THIERRY, GERARD, RIALAN, JOSEPH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus

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  • the present invention relates to a method for simplifying the localization of a subsurface zone studied within the scope of seismic exploration operations. More particularly, the object of the method according to the invention is to simplify the allocation operations through which seismic type data for example are associated with the topographic data of the respective places where the seismic type data have been picked up by receivers.
  • Seimic prospecting methods generally comprise transmission, into the formations to be explored, of seismic waves in the form of vibrations or impulses, reception of the waves which are propagated in the subsoil by a receiving set comprising a plurality of sensors arranged at the subsoil surface or close to it, recording of the waves picked up and a series of processings for improving the representativeness of the seismic sections achieved from the recordings.
  • Modern methods sometimes use data acquisition devices distributed at regular intervals over a distance of several kilometers. Each such device is adapted for collecting seismic signals picked up by one or several geophones, and for digitizing and storing the signals in a memory before the real or delayed time transmission thereof to a central control and recording station.
  • the various acquisition devices generally transmit sequentially the collected data to the central station, either directly or by means of relay elements.
  • the seismic sections obtained after seismic operations being representative of a subsurface zone vertical with respect to the alignment of receivers arranged in the field, it is therefore important to locate in space all the reception sites and thus to associate therewith precise topographic data.
  • Locating the position of the reception points is often achieved upon installing the sensors and the acquisition devices in the field.
  • a well-known technique consists of using for example a radiopositioning system which calculates the position thereof with respect to those of several transmitters whose positions are known, located on the ground or on satellites, as is well-known to those skilled in the art.
  • the position data read on the site of each sensor or at the barycenter of the set of interconnected sensors constituting each seismic receiver are associated for example with the serial number of the acquisition device and/or with the site number thereof in the series of devices distributed in the field. All these data collected by the field crew can be brought to the central station to be recorded there on an auxiliary recorder, which is often different from the recorder intended for the seismic data.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,589,100 describes a well-known seismic exploration system comprising a central control and recording station, a set of seismic acquisition devices distributed in the field in a grid pattern and a positioning set for determining the geographic position of the exploration system with respect to that of each of the acquisition devices in the field.
  • the central station may comprise equipment making it possible to pick up the hertzian signals transmitted by a geographic positioning system such as the GPS system and it is provided with equipment making it possible to determine the absolute position thereof in space.
  • Acquisition devices in the field comprise equipment sufficient for detecting signals indicative of the relative positioning thereof with respect to the central station.
  • the received signals preprocessed in each acquisition device are transmitted to the central station and combined with those received there for determining the positioning thereof in the field.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to simplify the localization of a subsurface zone restored by a seismic section which is achieved by processing the seismic signals picked up by a set of seismic receivers in a large number of reception sites distributed in the field, in response to signals emitted in the subsoil by a seismic signal source, the seismic signals picked up being collected by a plurality of seismic acquisition devices distributed in the field and transmitted by a transmission system to a central control and recording station by using positioning means for determining the geographic position of a site from hertzian signals received on said site.
  • the method comprises:
  • transferring the positioning data determined by said positioning means occurs automatically towards each acquisition device through a transmission channel established between the device and said positioning means.
  • each seismic receiver comprises an alignment of several interconnected sensors
  • the positioning means are used, for example, for determining the geographic position of a point of each alignment.
  • Transmission of the collected data to the central station from each acquisition device, or from at least part of them, is achieved for example by hertzian link or by cable.
  • the method according to the invention affords many advantages mainly due to the mode of collection and of allocation of the position data.
  • An operator moves around in the field and positions in the vicinity of each geophone or group of geophones constituting a trace a positioning set adapted for calculating the position data from position signals provided by a hertzian-signal locating system.
  • the position data on the site considered are introduced into the associated local acquisition device. Introduction may be achieved manually or better through a short distance transmission between the positioning set and each device, via a cable link and/or a radiation link by means of a light-ray communication box for example.
  • the introduced position data are stored in an auxiliary memory and, at the time when the data are transmitted towards the central station, the position data are read in the auxiliary memory and included in a "shooting" header or a "trace” header.
  • the geographic positioning data may be introduced for example at the time of the positioning of each acquisition device or box in the field. With a possibly single and therefore less costly positioning set, location labels can be successively associated with all the seismic data transmitted from the various acquisition devices, whatever the number thereof.
  • the system according to the invention may be used with existing acquisition devices without modifying the latter.
  • the device for implementing the method comprises positioning means for determining the geographic position of a site from hertzian signals received on said site, means for transferring the data measured on the site of each seismic receiver into the associated acquisition device, and an addressing set in the latter comprising means for constituting the positioning label as well as means for associating the positioning label with each one of the data transmitted.
  • the positioning means comprise a receiving box (2) adapted for calculating positions by triangulation from the signals received from several reference points for example, or from hertzian signals indicative of positioning data.
  • a wave transmission element for example an infrared-ray transmission element, is used for example as a means for transferring the position data measured by the receiving box to the acquisition devices.
  • the addressing set comprises for example an optical transducer associated with an interface circuit, a processing set provided with a main memory for the seismic data and with an auxiliary memory for the data of the positioning labels, the processing set being adapted for associating with the seismic data the corresponding positioning label.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a seismic receiving device arranged in the field
  • FIG. 2 shows a possible embodiment of equipment with which topographic data can be introduced in each acquisition device
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the set contained in each acquisition device.
  • FIG. 4 shows a possible format for the messages transmitted to the central station from each acquisition device.
  • a seismic exploration system comprises a seismic wave source S and a seismic reception and acquisition device comprising generally (FIG. 1) a large number of seismic receivers R1, R2 . . . Rn which are distributed along a seismic profile to be explored, acquisition devices B1, B2 . . . Bk distributed in the field and a central control and recording station 1 installed on a vehicle 2 for managing the successive transmission-reception cycles.
  • Each seismic receiver R1, R2 . . . Rn comprises generally several elementary sensors C1, C2 . . . Cp electrically interconnected. Each resulting signal is used for producing a seismic recording trace.
  • Each one of the acquisition devices B1-Bk is connected to one or several seismic receivers R. They are adapted for digitizing the signals they receive from the associated receivers and for storing them.
  • Central station 1 controls the successive triggerings of source S and the acquisition by the various devices of the signals sent back by the subsoil discontinuities and received by receivers R1-Rn and controls thereafter the centralization of the stored data. By order of central station 1, each acquisition device B1-Bk transfers the data it has stored to the central station.
  • each device B1-Bn communicates by radio means with the central station (case shown in FIG. 1). Connecting the cable to an acquisition device automatically cuts out the specific radio means, and communication occurs through the cable.
  • Radio transmission systems using similar devices are also described in the published patent applications FR-2,599,533 and 2,627,652 for example.
  • the method according to the invention make it possible to locate with precision the subsurface zone studied through the permanent association with the seismic data received of the topographic indications of the respective places where they have been received. If each trace consists of the signal of a single sensor, this place is of course the site of the sensor. In the more usual case where a trace is produced by a group of aligned and interconnected sensors (C1-Cp), the place considered is a point of the alignment, the center thereof for example.
  • An operator of the crew setting the receivers on the selected exploration site determines (FIG. 2) the topographic data and includes them into the associated acquisition device.
  • a radiopositioning device adapted for measuring the phase shifts or the time lags between signals transmitted from several located sites and for deducing therefrom the position of the reception point.
  • a well-known positioning system in reference to satellites and/or a well-located ground station, such as the GPS (Global Positioning System) system for example, can be used to that effect.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • a system of this kind gives the position of a measuring point with a precision of the order of 10 -6 sufficient for the needs of seismic exploration.
  • the operator carries a measuring box 26 fitted with a receiving antenna 27, as depicted in FIG. 2. He goes successively to the locations of the receivers on the site. He positions measuring box 26 at the center of each receiver Ri, and the receiver produces positioning indications which are immediately transferred to the associated acquisition device Bi.
  • Transfer can of course be achieved by connecting measuring box 26 through a cable to the acquisition device.
  • measurements are preferably transferred by means, for example, of the transmission device described in patent FR-2,602,875 cited above, which is adapted for conducting signal transmissions by modulation of an infrared light beam between a transmission box 3 and an infrared receiver or optical transducer 5 on each acquisition device.
  • the measurements provided by measuring box 26 in each seismic reception point are transferred through a link of the RS 232 type to transmission box 3 which the operator holds in his hand for example, and they are transmitted directly to acquisition device Bi through optical means 3, 5, without the operator leaving the measuring place.
  • An acquisition device B comprises schematically (FIG. 3) a first transmission unit 17 for managing communications with central station 1, a second infrared signal transmission-reception unit including the optical transducer 5 and an interface circuit 6 for adapting the signals received and transmitted, a central unit 7 for piloting and synchronizing acquisition and communication operations, a main memory 8 associated with an auxiliary memory 9.
  • Main memory 8 is connected to an acquisition unit 10 adapted for amplifying, filtering, sampling and digitizing the signals received from at least one receiver Ri to which it is connected through a line 11.
  • the acquisition unit therein comprises a multiplexer at the input thereof.
  • Main memory 8 is used for storing seismic data relative to a transmission-reception cycle or "shooting".
  • Auxiliary memory 9 is linked to interface circuit 6 and is used for storing the topographic data received from the transmission box 3.
  • the first transmission unit 17 is adapted for exchanging signals (orders, fulfilment messages and data) with the central station 1, either through hertzian link by means of an antenna 12, or possibly by means of a cable connecting onto a socket 13.
  • the messages corresponding to seismic data transmitted towards the central station 1 includes for example (FIG. 4) a trace header TH grouping together technical data on the acquisition achieved: filtering parameters, sampling frequency of the seismic signals, amplification gains applied, etc.
  • the seismic data DATA stored are transmitted after this header.
  • the method according to the invention is achieved by including systematically the topographic data in the messages transmitted.
  • central unit 7 is adapted for reading at each "shooting" the auxiliary memory 9 and for including the content thereof either in a "shooting" header, or in the trace header.
  • Central station 1 includes a transmitting-receiving set 14 adapted for receiving the messages, by cable as well as by hertzian link.
  • a control and synchronization set 15 decodes the messages and adds data concerning the number of the site where the seismic source has been triggered at the time of the "shooting", the number of this "shooting", the amount of main and secondary seismic traces, etc. These completed data are then formated according to a S.E.G. (Society of Exploration Geophysists) standardized format for tape recordings before being transferred for example onto a tape recorder 16 for further processing.
  • S.E.G. Society of Exploration Geophysists

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
US07/920,496 1990-12-28 1991-12-24 Method and device for simplifying the localization of a subsurface zone within the scope of a seismic exploration Expired - Lifetime US5276655A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR90/16433 1990-12-28
FR9016443A FR2671197A1 (fr) 1990-12-28 1990-12-28 Methode et dispositif pour simplifier la localisation d'une zone souterraine dans le cadre d'une exploration sismique.

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EP (1) EP0517896B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2075033C (fr)
DE (1) DE69118174T2 (fr)
FR (1) FR2671197A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO303554B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992012442A1 (fr)

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US5550787A (en) * 1992-06-11 1996-08-27 Rialan; Joseph Seismic acquisition system with decentralized processing means
US5650981A (en) * 1993-01-06 1997-07-22 Precision Seismic, Inc. Multi-vessel timing synchronization method and device
US5706250A (en) * 1992-10-12 1998-01-06 Institut Francais Du Petrole Seismic transmission method and system utilizing concentration units
US5822273A (en) * 1994-05-26 1998-10-13 Institut Francais Du Petrole Seismic acquisition and transmission system with functions decentralization
US5920828A (en) * 1997-06-02 1999-07-06 Baker Hughes Incorporated Quality control seismic data processing system
US5978313A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-11-02 Trimble Navigaiton Limited Time synchronization for seismic exploration system
WO2000026694A2 (fr) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-11 Schlumberger Canada Limited Procede et appareil d'acquisition de donnees sismiques
US6078283A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-06-20 Input/Output, Inc. Remote seismic data acquisition unit with common radio and GPS antenna
US6188962B1 (en) * 1998-06-25 2001-02-13 Western Atlas International, Inc. Continuous data seismic system
US6219620B1 (en) * 1996-10-23 2001-04-17 Vibration Technology Limited Seismic acquisition system using wireless telemetry
US6226601B1 (en) 1998-05-15 2001-05-01 Trimble Navigation Limited Seismic survey system
US6332109B1 (en) * 1998-11-06 2001-12-18 Stuart Nicholas Sheard Geological data acquisition system
US20030040882A1 (en) * 2001-08-23 2003-02-27 Sheard Stuart Nicholas Data acquisition system
US6603865B1 (en) * 2000-01-27 2003-08-05 President Of Nagoya University System for optically performing position detection and data communication
US20040008175A1 (en) * 2002-02-07 2004-01-15 Input/Output, Inc. System and method for control of seismic data acquisition
US20040105533A1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2004-06-03 Input/Output, Inc. Single station wireless seismic data acquisition method and apparatus
US20040105341A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-06-03 Geo-X Systems, Ltd. Synchronization of seismic data acquisition systems
US6862526B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2005-03-01 Trimble Navigation Limited GPS correction methods, apparatus and signals
US20050047275A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-03 Geo-X Systems, Ltd. Synchronization and positioning of seismic data acquisition systems
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US20050246137A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2005-11-03 Ascend Geo Llc Data offload and charging systems and methods
US20050276162A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2005-12-15 Ascend Geo, Llc Seismic-data acquisition methods and apparatus
US20060009911A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2006-01-12 Ascend Geo, Llc Methods and systems for acquiring and processing seismic data
EP1623250A2 (fr) * 2003-04-18 2006-02-08 Justin L. Fort Techniques d'exploration et de surveillance de surface
US20060064244A1 (en) * 1994-01-03 2006-03-23 Robbins James E Differential GPS corrections using virtual stations
AU2004201829B2 (en) * 1998-11-06 2006-06-08 M.I.M. Exploration Pty. Ltd. Geological data acquisition system
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US20070286022A1 (en) * 2006-06-09 2007-12-13 Input/Output, Inc. Operating State Management for Seismic Data Acquisition
US20080021658A1 (en) * 2006-06-10 2008-01-24 Input/Output, Inc. Apparatus and Method for Integrating Survey Parameters Into a Header
US20080080310A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Ion Geophysical Corporation Seismic Data Acquisition Systems and Methods for Managing Messages Generated by Field Units
US20080080311A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Ion Geophysical Corporation Seismic Data Acquisition Systems and Method Utilizing a Wireline Repeater Unit
US20080080312A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Ion Geophysical Corporation Seismic Data Acquisition Using Time-Division Multiplexing
US20080080307A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Ion Geophysical Corporation Apparatus and Methods for Transmitting Unsolicited Messages During Seismic Data Acquisition
US20080114548A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-05-15 Ion Geophysical Corporation In-Field Control Module for Managing Wireless Seismic Data Acquisition Systems and Related Methods
US20080187006A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 Ion Geophysical Corporation Apparatus and Method for Reducing Noise in Seismic Data
US20090168602A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-02 Vibration Technology Limited Seismic data recording
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Cited By (84)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5550787A (en) * 1992-06-11 1996-08-27 Rialan; Joseph Seismic acquisition system with decentralized processing means
US5706250A (en) * 1992-10-12 1998-01-06 Institut Francais Du Petrole Seismic transmission method and system utilizing concentration units
US5650981A (en) * 1993-01-06 1997-07-22 Precision Seismic, Inc. Multi-vessel timing synchronization method and device
US20060064244A1 (en) * 1994-01-03 2006-03-23 Robbins James E Differential GPS corrections using virtual stations
US7711480B2 (en) 1994-01-03 2010-05-04 Trimble Navigation Limited Differential GPS corrections using virtual stations
US20060282216A1 (en) * 1994-01-03 2006-12-14 Robbins James E Differential GPS corrections using virtual stations
US5822273A (en) * 1994-05-26 1998-10-13 Institut Francais Du Petrole Seismic acquisition and transmission system with functions decentralization
US6219620B1 (en) * 1996-10-23 2001-04-17 Vibration Technology Limited Seismic acquisition system using wireless telemetry
US5920828A (en) * 1997-06-02 1999-07-06 Baker Hughes Incorporated Quality control seismic data processing system
US5978313A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-11-02 Trimble Navigaiton Limited Time synchronization for seismic exploration system
US6078283A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-06-20 Input/Output, Inc. Remote seismic data acquisition unit with common radio and GPS antenna
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US20040105533A1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2004-06-03 Input/Output, Inc. Single station wireless seismic data acquisition method and apparatus
WO2000026694A2 (fr) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-11 Schlumberger Canada Limited Procede et appareil d'acquisition de donnees sismiques
GB2363456B (en) * 1998-11-03 2003-02-12 Schlumberger Holdings Seismic data acquisition method and apparatus
GB2363456A (en) * 1998-11-03 2001-12-19 Schlumberger Holdings Seismic data acquisition method and apparatus
US6847896B1 (en) * 1998-11-03 2005-01-25 Westerngeco, L.L.C. Seismic data acquisition method and apparatus
WO2000026694A3 (fr) * 1998-11-03 2000-10-26 Schlumberger Ca Ltd Procede et appareil d'acquisition de donnees sismiques
US6332109B1 (en) * 1998-11-06 2001-12-18 Stuart Nicholas Sheard Geological data acquisition system
AU2004201829B2 (en) * 1998-11-06 2006-06-08 M.I.M. Exploration Pty. Ltd. Geological data acquisition system
US6603865B1 (en) * 2000-01-27 2003-08-05 President Of Nagoya University System for optically performing position detection and data communication
US6862526B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2005-03-01 Trimble Navigation Limited GPS correction methods, apparatus and signals
US20030040882A1 (en) * 2001-08-23 2003-02-27 Sheard Stuart Nicholas Data acquisition system
US7353132B2 (en) 2001-08-23 2008-04-01 Xstrata Copper Exploration Pty Ltd Data acquisition system
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US20100100330A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2010-04-22 Ascend Geo, Llc Methods and systems for acquiring and processing seismic data
US20050276162A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2005-12-15 Ascend Geo, Llc Seismic-data acquisition methods and apparatus
US20060009911A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2006-01-12 Ascend Geo, Llc Methods and systems for acquiring and processing seismic data
US20050246137A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2005-11-03 Ascend Geo Llc Data offload and charging systems and methods
US6999377B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2006-02-14 Ascend Geo, Llc Acquiring seismic data
US7298671B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2007-11-20 Ascend Geo, Llc Seismic-data acquisition methods and apparatus
US6934219B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2005-08-23 Ascend Geo, Llc Methods and systems for acquiring seismic data
US7668044B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2010-02-23 Ascend Geo, Llc Data offload and charging systems and methods
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US20070253289A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2007-11-01 Geo-X Systems, Ltd. Synchronization of seismic data acquisition systems
US7583560B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2009-09-01 Ion Geophysical Corporation Synchronization of seismic data acquisition systems
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DE69118174T2 (de) 1996-08-29
NO923364L (no) 1992-10-27
WO1992012442A1 (fr) 1992-07-23
CA2075033A1 (fr) 1992-06-29
NO923364D0 (no) 1992-08-27
FR2671197A1 (fr) 1992-07-03
DE69118174D1 (de) 1996-04-25
EP0517896A1 (fr) 1992-12-16
CA2075033C (fr) 2002-04-16
FR2671197B1 (fr) 1994-12-16
NO303554B1 (no) 1998-07-27
EP0517896B1 (fr) 1996-03-20

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