US425945A - Compound boiler - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheeia s-Sheet 1.

' J. J. HOGAN.

' COMPOUND BOILER.

No. 425,945; Patented Apr. 15 1890.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. J. HOGAN.

COMPOUND BOILER. No. 425,945. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

(No Model.) V 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. J. HOGAN.

COMPOUND BOILER. No. 425,945. 7 Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

JOHN J. HOGAN, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE HOGAN ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK.

COMPOUND BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,945, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed January 21, 1890. Serial No. 337,587. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN J. HOGAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Oompound Boilers, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates especially to that class of boilers which are filled entirely with water and the water circulated therefrom through one or more heating-radiators for the purpose of warming apartments. In such boilers the heated fluid is discharged from the top of the boiler and the colder returnfluid from the radiators is commonly con ducted to the bottom of the boiler, from which it ascends to the top as it becomes heated. So long as the radiators are in use the circulation of the boiler is easily maintained and the metallic surfaces adjacent to the heated gases are prevented from overheating; but when such radiators are cut off from the boiler while a fire is in the furnace the hottest surfaces are liable to generate steam, and thus displace the water from contact with the metal, which thus becomes overheated.

The object of the present invention is to furnish a construction in which the heated gases mayoperate most efficiently upon the water and the circulation within the boiler be facilitated when the radiators are cut off.

The annexed. drawings show three modifications of my invention, Figure 1 being a plan of the boiler; Fig. 2, a vertical section, where hatched, through the center line of the same. Flg. 3 is a vertical section, Where hatched, of an alternative construction; and Fig. 4, a plan 1n section on line so a: in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical section, where hatched, of another modification; and Fig. 6, a section of the same on line y y in Fig. 5.

a is a fire-box formed within an annular water-leg I), having an aperture 1) formed in one side for a fuel-door.

o is a hollow crown-plate, shown in the d rawings as formed in one piece by casting with the water-leg and perforated with vertical smoke tubes or passages d.

t is a casing extended upward from the outer edge of the crown-plate and provided with a smoke-outlet 25 near its top.

4 is a reservoir, which is shown fixed in the top of the casing at suitable distance above the crown-plate c to form a combustion-chamher .9, and of such dimensions as to form an annular space r between the reservoir and casing for the circulation of the heated gases which rise through the smoke-tubes d.

The upper part of the reservoir-section in all the modifications is shown connected with the upper part of the fire-box section by watertubes adapted to conduct the heated fluid from the top of the fire-box section to the top of the reservoir, and the lower parts of the two sections are in like manner connected by watertubes adapted to conduct the fluid from the lower part of the reservoir to the lower part of the water-box section or fire-leg 1). Such connections furnish a complete avenue for internal circulation when the radiators are cut off from the boiler, the water circulating, as indicated by the arrows in Figs. 2, 3, and 5, downward from the bottom of the reservoir-section and upward from the top of the fire-box section.- V

The crown-plate of the fire-box section is preferably domed, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, and as the heat is greatest in the center portion of such plate the most effective means of discharging the heated fluid upwardly from such plate is by the central tube 6, Figs. 3 and 5, which is connected with the bottom of the reservoir-section, and is shown extended upward within the same nearly to the top.

In the preferred construction shown in Fig; 2 the water-connection between the bottom of the reservoir and the bottom of the fire-box section consists in vertical pipes f, extended outside the casing and having branches at the top and bottom which penetrate, respectively, into the top of the reservoir and the bottom of the water-leg. The

branches which penetrate the water-leg are shown united to the pipes f by Ts g, and branches 9 are shown extending outwardly from the same to receive the return-fluid from the radiators. With the construction shown in Fig. 2 the return-fluid, when the radiators are in operation, enters by the branches 9', circulates freely within the waterleg, and passes upward into the hollow crownplate 0. The products of combustion, passing through the smoke-tubes (i into the space 8, heat the water in the crown-plate to a high degree, and the fluid, passing upward through the central tube 6, is discharged directly into the hot-water outlet 71 inserted in thetop of the reservoir. While the radiators are in use the draft upon such outlet may also draw such water from the reservoir as is heated by the contact of the gases in the space 1'', such fluid being replaced by an upward flow through the pipes f, which are supplied, like the water-leg, from the inlets g. When the radiators are cut off while the fire is. in operation, the heated fluid continues to pass upward through the central pipe 6, and passes downward, as indicated by the arrows in the figure, through the outer parts of the reservoir and through the pipes f to the bottom of the water-leg. The Water-leg, although exposed to the greatest heat of the fire, is thus supplied with a continuous fiow of fluid, and no injury to the metal can result.

The construction in Fig. 5 is the same as that in Fig. 2, except that the water connection between the bottom of the reservoir and the bottom of the fire-box is formed by extending tubes f throughthe top of the crownplate downward inside the water-leg nearly to its bottom and applying aguard f in the chamber 3 to protect the pipes from the heat. The tubes of this construction do not pass outside of the casing, and the water-leg is preferably formed, as shown in Fig. 6, with a vertical enlargement e, adapted to admit the pipe f. The water-leg is supplied with an inlet g near its bottom to receive the returnfluid near the radiators. The operation with this construction is the same as already described, the pipes f furnishing an avenue for downward circulation when the boiler is cut off from the radiators and furnishing with the central pipe 6 an avenue for internal circulation when the'radiators are in use and the return-fluid enters at the inlet 9 The construction shown in Figs. 2 and 5 is similar in possessing a central. water-connection between the upper part of the firebox and reservoir-sections; but Fig. 3 shows the connection between the upper parts of the sections formed by vertical pipes k, which are extended outside of the casing and terminate in branches which penetrate the two sections. These pipes may be conducted inside the casing. The lower parts of the sections are connected, as in Fig. 2, by vertical pipes f, and the fire-box section is shown provided with an inlet 9 to receive the returnfluid from the radiators, althoughthe lower ends of the pipes f may, if preferred, be provided with branches for such purpose. In this latter construction the top of the crownplate is made flat to facilitate the movement of the fluid toward the periphery of the crownplate in its upward movement to the pipes 76 and top of the reservoir 1'.

The fuel-door b is indicated in Figs. 2 and",

5 as formed at the rear side of the boiler; but in Fig. 4 the door is indicated in dotted lines at the side of the boiler opposite the pipe g", with one of the pipes at its right-hand side and one of the pipes f at its left-hand side.

I am aware that it is not new to furnish a fire-pot with awater-boiler of some kind and connect the same with a reservoir placed in the smoke-flue of such boiler, and that such reservoir has been connected with such boiler by a single pipe adapted only for an upward movement of the fluid. In such arrangement the gases passing from the smoke-flue give up a portion of their heat to the water-reservoir; but my invention diifers widely from such construction, in having the top and bottom of the reservoir connected, respectively, with the top and bottom of the fire-box section, by which construction a perfect circulation within the boiler system may be preserved at all times whether or not any cold fluid is passing from the radiators into the fire-box section.

- The precise construction of the fire-box section is wholly immaterial to my invention, provided its upper and lower parts are conn eeted, respectively, with the upper and lower parts of the reservoir, and it is also immaterial whether the reservoir be placed immediately over the fire-box section, provided it is located in the smoke-flue, so as to be heated by the gases which escape from the fire-box. It is therefore immaterial whether the pipes [6,f, or f be vertical, as shown herein, as the essential feature of the invention is the connection of the tops and bottoms of the two sections by independent water-connections adapted for the downward and upward circulation of the fluid within the boiler when the external circulation is cut off.

The fire-box construction shown herein is especially advantageous, as it is readily adapted for construction in cast-iron, and the reservoir in like manner, by the use of a detachable cover, as shown in the drawings, is also readily adapted for forming of cast-iron, and connection to the fire-section, in the manner described.

Acrown-plate formedwithnumerous smokepas'sages and a water-leg depending from its margin presents a very large amount of surface to the hottest part of the fire, and thus develops a great degree of economy in the use of fuel, while the superposition of the reservoir immediately over the perforated crownplate exposes the surface of the reservoir in the most effective manner to the gases which are passing to the chimney, while the provision of the combustion-chamber between the reservoir and the crown-plate promotes the combustion of the gases in the most effective manner before their escape to the chimney;

The objects of my invention are especially promoted by exposing the connection between the top of the fire-box sect-ion to the top of the reservoir-section to a greater heat than the connection between the lowerpart of such sections, as the water heated in the fire-box section is thus conducted to the upper part of. the reservoir-section, which would naturally contain the hottest fluid. Such objects would be best promoted by placing the pipes 70 inside the casing t and permitting the heated gases to operate upon them, while for the same reasons it is desirable to protect the pipes f which are located Within the casing, from the heated gases, to promote a downward circulation within the same.

The construction claimed herein is shown in pending application, Serial No. 337,588, filed January 21,1890, but not claimed therein, the claims in said application, Serial No. 337,588, being limited to a special construction not shown in the present application, Serial No. 837,587.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention, what is claimed herein is 1. A compound boiler consisting in a firebox section and a reservoir-section, a watereonnection between the upper parts of such sections, a water-outlet from the reservoirsection, and a water-inlet to the fire-box section, the whole arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

2. A compound boiler consisting in a firebox section and a reservoir-section, a pipe connecting the centers of the two sections, a

water-connection between the lower parts of the two sections, a water-outlet from the res-v ervoir, and a water-inlet to the fire-box section, the whole arranged and operated substantially as herein'set forth.

3. A compound boiler consisting in a firebox section and a reservoir-section, a pipe connectin the centers of the two sections and extended upward within the reservoir-section nearly to its top, a water-connection between the lower parts of the two sections, a wateroutlet from the top of the reservoir, and a Water-inlet to thefire-box section, the whole arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

4:. A compound boiler consisting in a firebox section having an annular water-leg and hollow perforated crown-plate, a reservoirsection connected at its bottom withthe center of the crown-plate by a tube extended nearly to the top of the reservoir-section, a casing extended from the crown-plate to the top of the reservoir and having a smoke-outlet near its top, water-tubes connecting the bottom of the reservoir-section and the bottom of the water-leg outside of the casing, a water-outlet from the top of the reservoir-section, and a water-inlet at the bottom of the water-leg, the whole arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my handin the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN J. HOGAN.

Witnesses:

ANSON O. KITTREDGE, THos. S. CRANE.

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