US4220191A - Method of continuously casting steel - Google Patents

Method of continuously casting steel Download PDF

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Publication number
US4220191A
US4220191A US05/971,564 US97156478A US4220191A US 4220191 A US4220191 A US 4220191A US 97156478 A US97156478 A US 97156478A US 4220191 A US4220191 A US 4220191A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
steel
aluminum
mould
wire
fluxing agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/971,564
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English (en)
Inventor
John E. Fogarty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Slater Steel Industries Ltd
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Slater Steel Industries Ltd
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Publication date
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of continuously casting steel in an open-bottom mould, and to steel additives for use in such methods, and is applicable in particular to the continuous casting of steel containing aluminum.
  • Aluminum is commonly added to steel in quantities up to 0.20% to enhance the soundness and refinement of the steel structure and thereby to impart improved mechanical properties. Such additions are normally made while the molten steel is in a steel-making furnace, or during or after it has been transferred into a pouring ladle, or while the molten steel is being poured into ingot moulds just prior to final solidification of the steel ingots.
  • the solid steel ingots containing the aluminum are then normally hot-worked (rolled or forged, for example) into steel slabs or blooms or billets in preparation for further hot or cold processing into smaller steel sections (plate, sheet, bars, rod, etc.), or into special steel sections or parts.
  • a relatively recent approach to the production of slabs, blooms, or billets involves the transfer of molten steel directly into water-cooled metal moulds so as to directly produce solid slab, bloom or billet shapes.
  • the manufacturing steps of producing ingots and the hot-working of the ingots into slabs, blooms, or billets are therefore circumvented.
  • This continuous casting approach is now common throughout the world and is generally referred to as continuous-casting or strand-casting. In the simplest sense, it involves the continuous withdrawal of steel from the bottom of open-bottomed water-cooled moulds as the steel solidifies. Molten steel is concurrently added into the top of the mould in support of the withdrawal rate. In other words, while molten steel is continuously added into the top of the mould, the solidified slab, bloom, or billet strand section is continuously withdrawn through the open bottom of the mould at the same rate.
  • the molten steel from the ladle normally passes through a trough or tundish during passage to the continuous casting moulds, while during ingot mould casting, the molten steel passes directly from the ladle into the ingot moulds.
  • the tundish provides a reservoir whose purpose is to promote a precisely directed, controlled, splash-free stream of molten metal to the continuous casting mould.
  • the tundish is fitted with one or more nozzles depending on the number of continuously cast strands that are to be cast simultaneously.
  • the flow rate of the molten metal into the water-cooled moulds can be controlled by the use of stoppering or other devices which can constrict the nozzle openings.
  • the flow can be stopped and started by, for example, placing the stopper head over the nozzle opening, and then removing it.
  • the aluminum addition is often added to the molten steel in the form of mechanically fed aluminum wire after the steel emerges from the tundish nozzle during its fall into the continuous casting mould.
  • a method of continuously casting steel in an open-bottomed mould including the steps of:
  • a metal oxide fluxing agent selected from the group consisting of the oxides of manganese, silicon, boron and sodium, whereby slag upon formation in the steel floats to the surface of the molten steel and is fluidized.
  • oxides other than that of aluminum, will tend to produce a fluxing agent.
  • oxides of manganese, silicon, boron and sodium are preferred for employment in the practice of the present invention because of their relatively low cost, ready availability and effectiveness in ability to flux viscous high aluminum-oxide slag.
  • the fluxing agent fluidizes the viscous slag which forms when aluminum is fed into the molten stream.
  • this viscous slag turns very fluid but with some fluxing agents it can tend to float in spots on the molten steel as oil does on water.
  • the frequency of billet defects can be even further reduced by reducing or even avoiding such fluid slag spots by the further addition of a glassy mixture containing silicon oxide and sodium oxide.
  • the fluxing agent may be supplied by any system which will provide a sufficiently uniform rate of supply of the fluxing agent to the steel. However, because of equipment congestion and limited space available around a caster, it is preferred to add the fluxing agent as a coating on the aluminum wire.
  • a steel additive for use in the continuous casting of steel in an open-bottomed mould which comprises aluminum provided, e.g. coated, with a fluxing agent which mitigates detrimental surface characteristics in the cast steel resulting from slag in the mould.
  • metal oxide fluxing agents e.g. the oxides of manganese, silicon, boron and sodium, maintains the fluidity of the mould slag and promotes a formation of smooth solid steel strand surfaces which do not require grinding.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic side view of apparatus for the continuous casting of steel
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic side view of apparatus for forming a coating of an aluminum wire.
  • the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings has a tundish 10 for providing a flow of molten steel into the top of an open-bottomed mould assembly 11 disposed beneath the tundish 10.
  • the open-bottomed mould assembly 11 extends downwardly past a floor 12, above which there is mounted an aluminum wire feeding arrangement indicated generally by reference numeral 14.
  • the aluminum wire feeding arrangement 14 includes a supply spool 15 holding a coil of aluminum wire 16, and a wire guide tube 17 for guiding the aluminum wire 16 along a downwardly inclined path to the open upper end of the open-bottomed mould assembly 11.
  • knurled drive wheels 19 are provided at opposite sides of the path of travel of the aluminum wire 16 for engaging and advancing the latter, the knurled drive wheels 19 being driven by an electric motor (not shown) accommodated in a housing 20 at the underside of a control unit 21, which is manually adjustable by an operator for controlling the speed of advance of the aluminum wire 16 towards the open-bottomed mould assembly.
  • the aluminum wire 16 is provided with a coating of fluxing agent, which is described in greater detail hereinafter.
  • This coating of fluxing agent is provided on the aluminum wire 16 by means of the wire coating apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • This apparatus has a supply spool 25 for holding a supply of uncoated aluminum wire.
  • the fluxing agent which is to be applied to the aluminum wire 16 is mixed with a hot, liquid glue or bonding agent and the mixture is contained in an open-topped container or flux pot 26, which is provided on an electric resistance heating unit 27.
  • the energization of the heating unit 27 is thermostatically controlled by means of a thermostat 28, which senses the temperature of the mixture in the flux pot 26 and which can be preset to de-energize the heating unit 27 when the temperature of the mixture reaches a predetermined value.
  • a guide roller 29 is provided for guiding the aluminum wire from the supply spool 25 to a further guide member 30 in the flux pot 26.
  • the aluminum wire is led upwardly through an orifice plate 32 and a cooling chamber 33 to an overhead guide roller 34.
  • the orifice plate 32 determines the thickness of the coating of the mixture on the aluminum wire 16, and cooling chamber 33 cools and solidifies the coating as the aluminum wire 16 travels upwardly to the guide roller 34.
  • the coated aluminum wire travels downwardly, past guide rollers 35 and 36, to a wire winding mechanism indicated generally by reference numeral 37, at which the wire is stored in the form of a coil on a take up spool.
  • Table sets out data quantifying the internal deficiencies of continuously cast steel that has not been treated with aluminum, together with corresponding results obtained in continuously cast steel containing plain aluminum additions and also in continuously cast steel to which the present coated aluminum wire has been added during the casting process.
  • this Table illustrates the effectiveness of the use of the coated aluminum wire in avoiding the detrimental influence on surface quality imparted by plain aluminum additions while maintaining the internal soundness achieved when aluminum is added to the steel.
  • wire comprising 6 to 15% manganese oxide and 94-85% aluminum.
  • the wire comprises at least 8% manganese oxide, and good results have been obtained with wire comprising 11% manganese oxide and 89% aluminum.
  • wire coatings comprised of 10% boron/sodium oxide (borax); 3% borax plus 7% glassy silicon/sodium oxide; and 3% borox plug 3% glassy silicon/sodium oxide plus 4% manganese oxide.
  • the weight of the glue or bonding agent employed to provide adhesion between the fluxing agent and the aluminum is not included in the above percentages, but normally approximated that of the fluxing agent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US05/971,564 1976-05-17 1978-12-20 Method of continuously casting steel Expired - Lifetime US4220191A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB20260/76A GB1559521A (en) 1976-05-17 1976-05-17 Continuous casting
GB20260/76 1976-05-17

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05736495 Continuation 1976-10-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4220191A true US4220191A (en) 1980-09-02

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ID=10143052

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US05/971,564 Expired - Lifetime US4220191A (en) 1976-05-17 1978-12-20 Method of continuously casting steel

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4220191A (fr)
JP (1) JPS52139624A (fr)
CA (1) CA1036471A (fr)
DE (1) DE2655865A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2351736A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1559521A (fr)
IT (1) IT1065528B (fr)
SE (1) SE7611276L (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4303118A (en) * 1979-07-25 1981-12-01 Georgetown Steel Corporation Apparatus for producing aluminum-deoxidized continuously cast steel
DE3325306A1 (de) * 1983-07-13 1985-01-24 William G. Pittsburgh Pa. Wilson Verfahren fuer die zugabe reaktiver metalle zu stahl
US4936373A (en) * 1988-09-27 1990-06-26 Pokhodnya Igor K Continuous-casting process for producing high-strength magnesium cast-iron castings
US6350295B1 (en) 2001-06-22 2002-02-26 Clayton A. Bulan, Jr. Method for densifying aluminum and iron briquettes and adding to steel
CN103357832A (zh) * 2013-07-29 2013-10-23 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种气动给料型自动加渣机

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU86552A1 (de) * 1986-08-11 1988-03-02 Arbed Verfahren und mittel zum gleichzeitigen aufheizen und reinigen von metallbaedern
CN111922306A (zh) * 2020-07-02 2020-11-13 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 一种减轻高碳钢小方坯中心偏析的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2882571A (en) * 1956-10-08 1959-04-21 Koppers Co Inc Method of casting metals
US3314782A (en) * 1963-12-12 1967-04-18 Fur Tech Entwicklung Und Verwe Refining agent for steel-works
JPS4999931A (fr) * 1973-01-31 1974-09-20
US3926246A (en) * 1972-09-18 1975-12-16 Scm Corp Flux for continuous casting of steel
US4035892A (en) * 1972-06-30 1977-07-19 Tohei Ototani Composite calcium clad material for treating molten metals

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4825865A (fr) * 1971-08-10 1973-04-04

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2882571A (en) * 1956-10-08 1959-04-21 Koppers Co Inc Method of casting metals
US3314782A (en) * 1963-12-12 1967-04-18 Fur Tech Entwicklung Und Verwe Refining agent for steel-works
US4035892A (en) * 1972-06-30 1977-07-19 Tohei Ototani Composite calcium clad material for treating molten metals
US3926246A (en) * 1972-09-18 1975-12-16 Scm Corp Flux for continuous casting of steel
JPS4999931A (fr) * 1973-01-31 1974-09-20

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4303118A (en) * 1979-07-25 1981-12-01 Georgetown Steel Corporation Apparatus for producing aluminum-deoxidized continuously cast steel
DE3325306A1 (de) * 1983-07-13 1985-01-24 William G. Pittsburgh Pa. Wilson Verfahren fuer die zugabe reaktiver metalle zu stahl
US4936373A (en) * 1988-09-27 1990-06-26 Pokhodnya Igor K Continuous-casting process for producing high-strength magnesium cast-iron castings
US6350295B1 (en) 2001-06-22 2002-02-26 Clayton A. Bulan, Jr. Method for densifying aluminum and iron briquettes and adding to steel
CN103357832A (zh) * 2013-07-29 2013-10-23 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种气动给料型自动加渣机
CN103357832B (zh) * 2013-07-29 2015-12-09 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种气动给料型自动加渣机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1559521A (en) 1980-01-23
DE2655865A1 (de) 1977-11-24
SE7611276L (sv) 1977-11-18
IT1065528B (it) 1985-02-25
CA1036471A (fr) 1978-08-15
FR2351736A1 (fr) 1977-12-16
JPS52139624A (en) 1977-11-21

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